英语数学名词大全解析
数学单词汇总大全

数学单词汇总大全一、基础运算相关。
1. add [æd] - v.(动词)- 含义:加,增加。
例如:Add 2 and 3.(把2和3相加。
)2. subtract [səbˈtrækt] - v.- 含义:减,减去。
例如:Subtract 5 from 8.(从8中减去5。
)3. multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ] - v.- 含义:乘,乘以。
例如:Multiply 4 by 3.(用4乘以3。
)4. divide [dɪˈvaɪd] - v.- 含义:除,除以。
例如:Divide 10 by 2.(把10除以2。
)5. sum [sʌm] - n.(名词)- 含义:总和,总数。
例如:The sum of 1, 2 and 3 is 6.(1、2和3的总和是6。
)6. difference [ˈdɪfrəns] - n.- 含义:差,差额。
例如:The difference between 5 and 3 is 2.(5和3之间的差是2。
)7. product [ˈprɒdʌkt] - n.- 含义:积,乘积。
例如:The product of 2 and 3 is 6.(2和3的乘积是6。
)8. quotient [ˈkwəʊʃnt] - n.- 含义:商。
例如:When 6 is divided by 2, the quotient is 3.(当6被2除时,商是3。
)二、数字相关。
1. number [ˈnʌmbə(r)] - n.- 含义:数,数字。
例如:Write down a number.(写下一个数字。
)2. integer [ˈɪntɪdʒə(r)] - n.- 含义:整数。
例如:1, - 2, 0 are all integers.(1、 - 2、0都是整数。
)3. fraction [ˈfrækʃn] - n.- 含义:分数。
例如:1/2 is a fraction.(1/2是一个分数。
数学 英语术语

数学英语术语英文中关于数学的术语一直伴随着学习者们的学习历程,为了帮助大家更好地理解和运用这些数学术语,本文将从基础概念开始,逐步介绍数学中的各种术语,并提供相关实例来加深理解。
一、基础概念1.数(n u m b e r):数学的基本单位,用于计数和量度。
数可以是整数、分数、小数或虚数。
2.数字(d i g i t):表示数值的符号,包括0-9这10个基本数字,通过组合可以形成无限的数。
3.数量(q u a n t i t y):表示大小和数量的概念,可以表示具体或抽象的实体。
4.计算(c a l c u l a t e):进行数学运算,包括加法、减法、乘法和除法等。
二、基本运算1.加法(a d d i t i o n):将两个或多个数相加得到总和。
例如:2+3=52.减法(s u b t r a c t i o n):从一个数中减去另一个数,得到差值。
例如:5-3=23.乘法(m u l t i p l i c a t i o n):将两个或多个数相乘得到积。
例如:2×3=64.除法(d i v i s i o n):将一个数分割成若干等份或将一个数除以另一个数,得到商或分数。
例如:6÷2=3三、数学行为和性质1.绝对值(a b s o l u t e v a l u e):一个数和零之间的距离,始终是正数或零。
例如:|5|=5,|-5|=52.相反数(o p p o s i t e):与一个数值大小相等,但符号相反的数。
例如:-3和3是互为相反数。
3.倍数(m u l t i p l e):一个数可以被另一个整数整除的数。
例如:12是6的倍数,因为12÷6=2。
4.因数(f a c t o r):能够整除给定数的所有整数。
例如:2和3是6的因数,因为6÷2 =3,6÷3=2。
5.比例(r a t i o):表示两个数或量之间的关系。
例如:2:3表示其中一个数是另一个数的2/3。
英文高数词汇

英文高数词汇回答如下:一、初等数学(Elementary Mathematics):1. 集合(Set):用于表示数学对象的总体或分类,通常用大写英文字母表示。
2. 函数(Function):用给定变量和其取值之间的关系来表示另一个变量的变化规律的数学对象。
3. 极限(Limit):变量无限趋近于某个值的过程。
4. 导数(Derivative):函数在某一点的变化率。
5. 不定积分(Indefinite Integral):求一个函数值的和,即求一个函数的积分。
6. 定积分(Definite Integral):求一个函数在特定区间上的“总面积”。
二、高等数学(Advanced Mathematics):7. 微分(Differential):描述函数变化量与自变量变化量的比值的数学对象。
8. 微分方程(Differential Equation):描述某个函数的变化规律的一组数学方程。
9. 矩阵(Matrix):一种用于表示数学运算的表格结构。
10. 向量(Vector):一组有序的实数,用于表示一个数学问题的多个变量。
11. 线性方程组(Linear Equation System):一组含有多个方程的数学问题,可以通过矩阵运算来解决。
12. 级数(Series):无限个项的求和,即求级数的敛散性。
13. 偏导数(Partial Derivative):函数在某点处部分的变化率。
14. 多元函数(Multivariable Function):涉及多个变量的函数。
15. 群(Group):一种代数结构,满足一定的性质的一组对象形成的集合。
以上是高等数学中常用的一些词汇,这些词汇是学习高等数学的基础,也是理解高等数学内容的关键。
当然,高等数学中还有许多其他的词汇和概念,这里只是列举了一些比较重要的词汇。
数学中英语专业名词

数学中英语专业名词Aabelian group:阿贝尔群;absolute geometry:绝对几何;absolute value:绝对值;abstract algebra:抽象代数;addition:加法;algebra:代数;algebraic closure:代数闭包;algebraic geometry:代数几何;algebraic geometry and analytic geometry:代数几何和解析几何;algebraic numbers:代数数;algorithm:算法;almost all:绝大多数;analytic function:解析函数;analytic geometry:解析几何;and:且;angle:角度;anticommutative:反交换律;antisymmetric relation:反对称关系;antisymmetry:反对称性;approximately equal:约等于;Archimedean field:阿基米德域;Archimedean group:阿基米德群;area:面积;arithmetic:算术;associative algebra:结合代数;associativity:结合律;axiom:公理;axiom of constructibility:可构造公理;axiom of empty set:空集公理;axiom of extensionality:外延公理;axiom of foundation:正则公理;axiom of pairing:对集公理;axiom of regularity:正则公理;axiom of replacement:代换公理;axiom of union:并集公理;axiom schema of separation:分离公理;axiom schema of specification:分离公理;axiomatic set theory:公理集合论;axiomatic system:公理系统;BBaire space:贝利空间;basis:基;Bézout's identity:贝祖恒等式;Bernoulli's inequality:伯努利不等式;Big O notation:大O符号;bilinear operator:双线性算子;binary operation:二元运算;binary predicate:二元谓词;binary relation:二元关系;Boolean algebra:布尔代数;Boolean logic:布尔逻辑;Boolean ring:布尔环;boundary:边界;boundary point:边界点;bounded lattice:有界格;Ccalculus:微积分学;Cantor's diagonal argument:康托尔对角线方法;cardinal number:基数;cardinality:势;cardinality of the continuum:连续统的势;Cartesian coordinate system:直角坐标系;Cartesian product:笛卡尔积;category:范畴;Cauchy sequence:柯西序列;Cauchy-Schwarz inequality:柯西不等式;Ceva's Theorem:塞瓦定理;characteristic:特征;characteristic polynomial:特征多项式;circle:圆;class:类;closed:闭集;closure:封闭性或闭包;closure algebra:闭包代数;combinatorial identities:组合恒等式;commutative group:交换群;commutative ring:交换环;commutativity::交换律;compact:紧致的;compact set:紧致集合;compact space:紧致空间;complement:补集或补运算;complete lattice:完备格;complete metric space:完备的度量空间;complete space:完备空间;complex manifold:复流形;complex plane:复平面;congruence:同余;congruent:全等;connected space:连通空间;constructible universe:可构造全集;constructions of the real numbers:实数的构造;continued fraction:连分数;continuous:连续;continuum hypothesis:连续统假设;contractible space:可缩空间;convergence space:收敛空间;cosine:余弦;countable:可数;countable set:可数集;cross product:叉积;cycle space:圈空间;cyclic group:循环群;Dde Morgan's laws:德·摩根律;Dedekind completion:戴德金完备性;Dedekind cut:戴德金分割;del:微分算子;dense:稠密;densely ordered:稠密排列;derivative:导数;determinant:行列式;diffeomorphism:可微同构;difference:差;differentiable manifold:可微流形;differential calculus:微分学;dimension:维数;directed graph:有向图;discrete space:离散空间;discriminant:判别式;distance:距离;distributivity:分配律;dividend:被除数;dividing:除;divisibility:整除;division:除法;divisor:除数;dot product:点积;Eeigenvalue:特征值;eigenvector:特征向量;element:元素;elementary algebra:初等代数;empty function:空函数;empty set:空集;empty product:空积;equal:等于;equality:等式或等于;equation:方程;equivalence relation:等价关系;Euclidean geometry:欧几里德几何;Euclidean metric:欧几里德度量;Euclidean space:欧几里德空间;Euler's identity:欧拉恒等式;even number:偶数;event:事件;existential quantifier:存在量词;exponential function:指数函数;exponential identities:指数恒等式;expression:表达式;extended real number line:扩展的实数轴;Ffalse:假;field:域;finite:有限;finite field:有限域;finite set:有限集合;first-countable space:第一可数空间;first order logic:一阶逻辑;foundations of mathematics:数学基础;function:函数;functional analysis:泛函分析;functional predicate:函数谓词;fundamental theorem of algebra:代数基本定理;fraction:分数;Ggauge space:规格空间;general linear group:一般线性群;geometry:几何学;gradient:梯度;graph:图;graph of a relation:关系图;graph theory:图论;greatest element:最大元;group:群;group homomorphism:群同态;HHausdorff space:豪斯多夫空间;hereditarily finite set:遗传有限集合;Heron's formula:海伦公式;Hilbert space:希尔伯特空间;Hilbert's axioms:希尔伯特公理系统;Hodge decomposition:霍奇分解;Hodge Laplacian:霍奇拉普拉斯算子;homeomorphism:同胚;horizontal:水平;hyperbolic function identities:双曲线函数恒等式;hypergeometric function identities:超几何函数恒等式;hyperreal number:超实数;Iidentical:同一的;identity:恒等式;identity element:单位元;identity matrix:单位矩阵;idempotent:幂等;if:若;if and only if:当且仅当;iff:当且仅当;imaginary number:虚数;inclusion:包含;index set:索引集合;indiscrete space:非离散空间;inequality:不等式或不等;inequality of arithmetic and geometric means:平均数不等式;infimum:下确界;infinite series:无穷级数;infinite:无穷大;infinitesimal:无穷小;infinity:无穷大;initial object:初始对象;inner angle:内角;inner product:内积;inner product space:内积空间;integer:整数;integer sequence:整数列;integral:积分;integral domain:整数环;interior:内部;interior algebra:内部代数;interior point:内点;intersection:交集;inverse element:逆元;invertible matrix:可逆矩阵;interval:区间;involution:回旋;irrational number:无理数;isolated point:孤点;isomorphism:同构;JJacobi identity:雅可比恒等式;join:并运算;K格式:Kuratowski closure axioms:Kuratowski 闭包公理;Lleast element:最小元;Lebesgue measure:勒贝格测度;Leibniz's law:莱布尼茨律;Lie algebra:李代数;Lie group:李群;limit:极限;limit point:极限点;line:线;line segment:线段;linear:线性;linear algebra:线性代数;linear operator:线性算子;linear space:线性空间;linear transformation:线性变换;linearity:线性性;list of inequalities:不等式列表;list of linear algebra topics:线性代数相关条目;locally compact space:局部紧致空间;logarithmic identities:对数恒等式;logic:逻辑学;logical positivism:逻辑实证主义;law of cosines:余弦定理;L??wenheim-Skolem theorem:L??wenheim-Skolem 定理;lower limit topology:下限拓扑;Mmagnitude:量;manifold:流形;map:映射;mathematical symbols:数学符号;mathematical analysis:数学分析;mathematical proof:数学证明;mathematics:数学;matrix:矩阵;matrix multiplication:矩阵乘法;meaning:语义; measure:测度;meet:交运算;member:元素;metamathematics:元数学;metric:度量;metric space:度量空间;model:模型;model theory:模型论;modular arithmetic:模运算;module:模;monotonic function:单调函数;multilinear algebra:多重线性代数;multiplication:乘法;multiset:多样集;Nnaive set theory:朴素集合论;natural logarithm:自然对数;natural number:自然数;natural science:自然科学;negative number:负数;neighbourhood:邻域;New Foundations:新基础理论;nine point circle:九点圆;non-Euclidean geometry:非欧几里德几何;nonlinearity:非线性;non-singular matrix:非奇异矩阵;nonstandard model:非标准模型;nonstandard analysis:非标准分析;norm:范数;normed vector space:赋范向量空间;n-tuple:n 元组或多元组;nullary:空;nullary intersection:空交集;number:数;number line:数轴;Oobject:对象;octonion:八元数;one-to-one correspondence:一一对应;open:开集;open ball:开球;operation:运算;operator:算子;or:或;order topology:序拓扑;ordered field:有序域;ordered pair:有序对;ordered set:偏序集;ordinal number:序数;ordinary mathematics:一般数学;origin:原点;orthogonal matrix:正交矩阵;Pp-adic number:p进数;paracompact space:仿紧致空间;parallel postulate:平行公理;parallelepiped:平行六面体;parallelogram:平行四边形;partial order:偏序关系;partition:分割;Peano arithmetic:皮亚诺公理;Pedoe's inequality:佩多不等式;perpendicular:垂直;philosopher:哲学家;philosophy:哲学;philosophy journals:哲学类杂志;plane:平面;plural quantification:复数量化;point:点;Point-Line-Plane postulate:点线面假设;polar coordinates:极坐标系;polynomial:多项式;polynomial sequence:多项式列;positive-definite matrix:正定矩阵;positive-semidefinite matrix:半正定矩阵;power set:幂集;predicate:谓词;predicate logic:谓词逻辑;preorder:预序关系;prime number:素数;product:积;proof:证明;proper class:纯类;proper subset:真子集;property:性质;proposition:命题;pseudovector:伪向量;Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理;QQ.E.D.:Q.E.D.;quaternion:四元数;quaternions and spatial rotation:四元数与空间旋转;question:疑问句;quotient field:商域;quotient set:商集;Rradius:半径;ratio:比;rational number:有理数;real analysis:实分析;real closed field:实闭域;real line:实数轴;real number:实数;real number line:实数线;reflexive relation:自反关系;reflexivity:自反性;reification:具体化;relation:关系;relative complement:相对补集;relatively complemented lattice:相对补格;right angle:直角;right-handed rule:右手定则;ring:环;Sscalar:标量;second-countable space:第二可数空间;self-adjoint operator:自伴随算子;sentence:判断;separable space:可分空间;sequence:数列或序列;sequence space:序列空间;series:级数;sesquilinear function:半双线性函数;set:集合;set-theoretic definition of natural numbers:自然数的集合论定义;set theory:集合论;several complex variables:一些复变量;shape:几何形状;sign function:符号函数;singleton:单元素集合;social science:社会科学;solid geometry:立体几何;space:空间;spherical coordinates:球坐标系;square matrix:方块矩阵;square root:平方根;strict:严格;structural recursion:结构递归;subset:子集;subsequence:子序列;subspace:子空间;subspace topology:子空间拓扑;subtraction:减法;sum:和;summation:求和;supremum:上确界;surreal number:超实数;symmetric difference:对称差;symmetric relation:对称关系;system of linear equations:线性方程组;Ttensor:张量;terminal object:终结对象;the algebra of sets:集合代数;theorem:定理;top element:最大元;topological field:拓扑域;topological manifold:拓扑流形;topological space:拓扑空间;topology:拓扑或拓扑学;total order:全序关系;totally disconnected:完全不连贯;totally ordered set:全序集;transcendental number:超越数;transfinite recursion:超限归纳法;transitivity:传递性;transitive relation:传递关系;transpose:转置;triangle inequality:三角不等式;trigonometric identities:三角恒等式;triple product:三重积;trivial topology:密着拓扑;true:真;truth value:真值;Uunary operation:一元运算;uncountable:不可数; uniform space:一致空间;union:并集;unique:唯一;unit interval:单位区间;unit step function:单位阶跃函数;unit vector:单位向量;universal quantification:全称量词;universal set:全集;upper bound:上界;Vvacuously true:??;Vandermonde's identity:Vandermonde 恒等式;variable:变量;vector:向量;vector calculus:向量分析;vector space:向量空间;Venn diagram:文氏图;volume:体积;von Neumann ordinal:冯·诺伊曼序数;von Neumann universe:冯·诺伊曼全集;vulgar fraction:分数;ZZermelo set theory:策梅罗集合论;Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory:策梅罗-弗兰克尔集合论;ZF set theory:ZF 系统;zero:零;zero object:零对象;。
中英数学名词对照

中英数学名词对照以下是为您生成的 20 个中英数学名词对照:1. 加数(Addend)- 词性:名词- 意思:相加的数- 用法:在加法运算中,参与相加的各个数字都称为加数。
- 近义词:被加数- 双语例句:“哎呀,我总是搞不清哪个是加数哪个是被加数,这可真让人头疼!” "Oh dear, I always confuse which is the addend and which is the augend. It's so annoying!"2. 减数(Subtrahend)- 词性:名词- 意思:减法运算中从被减数中减去的数- 用法:在减法算式里,减号前面的数是被减数,减号后面的数是减数。
- 近义词:被减数- 双语例句:“这道题里减数居然比被减数还大,这怎么算呀?” "In this problem, the subtrahend is even larger than the minuend. How can we calculate this?"3. 因数(Factor)- 词性:名词- 意思:整数 a 除以整数b(b≠0) 的商正好是整数而没有余数,b 就是 a 的因数。
- 用法:在乘法算式中,乘号两边的数都叫因数。
- 近义词:约数- 双语例句:“找因数可真不容易,就像在大海里捞针!” "Finding factors is really not easy, just like looking for a needle in a haystack!"4. 倍数(Multiple)- 词性:名词- 意思:一个整数能够被另一个整数整除,这个整数就是另一整数的倍数。
- 用法:用于描述两个数之间的整除关系。
- 近义词:公倍数- 双语例句:“我怎么感觉倍数的概念就像一个无限延伸的梯子?” "I somehow feel that the concept of multiple is like an infinitely extending ladder?"5. 除数(Divisor)- 词性:名词- 意思:在除法算式中,除号后面的数。
数学中英语专业名词

数学中英语专业名词Aabelian group:阿贝尔群;absolute geometry:绝对几何;absolute value:绝对值;abstract algebra:抽象代数;addition:加法;algebra:代数;algebraic closure:代数闭包;algebraic geometry:代数几何;algebraic geometry and analytic geometry:代数几何和解析几何;algebraic numbers:代数数;algorithm:算法;almost all:绝大多数;analytic function:解析函数;analytic geometry:解析几何;and:且;angle:角度;anticommutative:反交换律;antisymmetric relation:反对称关系;antisymmetry:反对称性;approximately equal:约等于;Archimedean field:阿基米德域;Archimedean group:阿基米德群;area:面积;arithmetic:算术;associative algebra:结合代数;associativity:结合律;axiom:公理;axiom of constructibility:可构造公理;axiom of empty set:空集公理;axiom of extensionality:外延公理;axiom of foundation:正则公理;axiom of pairing:对集公理;axiom of regularity:正则公理;axiom of replacement:代换公理;axiom of union:并集公理;axiom schema of separation:分离公理;axiom schema of specification:分离公理;axiomatic set theory:公理集合论;axiomatic system:公理系统;BBaire space:贝利空间;basis:基;Bézout's identity:贝祖恒等式;Bernoulli's inequality:伯努利不等式;Big O notation:大O符号;bilinear operator:双线性算子;binary operation:二元运算;binary predicate:二元谓词;binary relation:二元关系;Boolean algebra:布尔代数;Boolean logic:布尔逻辑;Boolean ring:布尔环;boundary:边界;boundary point:边界点;bounded lattice:有界格;Ccalculus:微积分学;Cantor's diagonal argument:康托尔对角线方法;cardinal number:基数;cardinality:势;cardinality of the continuum:连续统的势;Cartesian coordinate system:直角坐标系;Cartesian product:笛卡尔积;category:范畴;Cauchy sequence:柯西序列;Cauchy-Schwarz inequality:柯西不等式;Ceva's Theorem:塞瓦定理;characteristic:特征;characteristic polynomial:特征多项式;circle:圆;class:类;closed:闭集;closure:封闭性或闭包;closure algebra:闭包代数;combinatorial identities:组合恒等式;commutative group:交换群;commutative ring:交换环;commutativity::交换律;compact:紧致的;compact set:紧致集合;compact space:紧致空间;complement:补集或补运算;complete lattice:完备格;complete metric space:完备的度量空间;complete space:完备空间;complex manifold:复流形;complex plane:复平面;congruence:同余;congruent:全等;connected space:连通空间;constructible universe:可构造全集;constructions of the real numbers:实数的构造;continued fraction:连分数;continuous:连续;continuum hypothesis:连续统假设;contractible space:可缩空间;convergence space:收敛空间;cosine:余弦;countable:可数;countable set:可数集;cross product:叉积;cycle space:圈空间;cyclic group:循环群;Dde Morgan's laws:德·摩根律;Dedekind completion:戴德金完备性;Dedekind cut:戴德金分割;del:微分算子;dense:稠密;densely ordered:稠密排列;derivative:导数;determinant:行列式;diffeomorphism:可微同构;difference:差;differentiable manifold:可微流形;differential calculus:微分学;dimension:维数;directed graph:有向图;discrete space:离散空间;discriminant:判别式;distance:距离;distributivity:分配律;dividend:被除数;dividing:除;divisibility:整除;division:除法;divisor:除数;dot product:点积;Eeigenvalue:特征值;eigenvector:特征向量;element:元素;elementary algebra:初等代数;empty function:空函数;empty set:空集;empty product:空积;equal:等于;equality:等式或等于;equation:方程;equivalence relation:等价关系;Euclidean geometry:欧几里德几何;Euclidean metric:欧几里德度量;Euclidean space:欧几里德空间;Euler's identity:欧拉恒等式;even number:偶数;event:事件;existential quantifier:存在量词;exponential function:指数函数;exponential identities:指数恒等式;expression:表达式;extended real number line:扩展的实数轴;Ffalse:假;field:域;finite:有限;finite field:有限域;finite set:有限集合;first-countable space:第一可数空间;first order logic:一阶逻辑;foundations of mathematics:数学基础;function:函数;functional analysis:泛函分析;functional predicate:函数谓词;fundamental theorem of algebra:代数基本定理;fraction:分数;Ggauge space:规格空间;general linear group:一般线性群;geometry:几何学;gradient:梯度;graph:图;graph of a relation:关系图;graph theory:图论;greatest element:最大元;group:群;group homomorphism:群同态;HHausdorff space:豪斯多夫空间;hereditarily finite set:遗传有限集合;Heron's formula:海伦公式;Hilbert space:希尔伯特空间;Hilbert's axioms:希尔伯特公理系统;Hodge decomposition:霍奇分解;Hodge Laplacian:霍奇拉普拉斯算子;homeomorphism:同胚;horizontal:水平;hyperbolic function identities:双曲线函数恒等式;hypergeometric function identities:超几何函数恒等式;hyperreal number:超实数;Iidentical:同一的;identity:恒等式;identity element:单位元;identity matrix:单位矩阵;idempotent:幂等;if:若;if and only if:当且仅当;iff:当且仅当;imaginary number:虚数;inclusion:包含;index set:索引集合;indiscrete space:非离散空间;inequality:不等式或不等;inequality of arithmetic and geometric means:平均数不等式;infimum:下确界;infinite series:无穷级数;infinite:无穷大;infinitesimal:无穷小;infinity:无穷大;initial object:初始对象;inner angle:内角;inner product:内积;inner product space:内积空间;integer:整数;integer sequence:整数列;integral:积分;integral domain:整数环;interior:内部;interior algebra:内部代数;interior point:内点;intersection:交集;inverse element:逆元;invertible matrix:可逆矩阵;interval:区间;involution:回旋;irrational number:无理数;isolated point:孤点;isomorphism:同构;JJacobi identity:雅可比恒等式;join:并运算;K格式:Kuratowski closure axioms:Kuratowski 闭包公理;Lleast element:最小元;Lebesgue measure:勒贝格测度;Leibniz's law:莱布尼茨律;Lie algebra:李代数;Lie group:李群;limit:极限;limit point:极限点;line:线;line segment:线段;linear:线性;linear algebra:线性代数;linear operator:线性算子;linear space:线性空间;linear transformation:线性变换;linearity:线性性;list of inequalities:不等式列表;list of linear algebra topics:线性代数相关条目;locally compact space:局部紧致空间;logarithmic identities:对数恒等式;logic:逻辑学;logical positivism:逻辑实证主义;law of cosines:余弦定理;L??wenheim-Skolem theorem:L??wenheim-Skolem 定理;lower limit topology:下限拓扑;Mmagnitude:量;manifold:流形;map:映射;mathematical symbols:数学符号;mathematical analysis:数学分析;mathematical proof:数学证明;mathematics:数学;matrix:矩阵;matrix multiplication:矩阵乘法;meaning:语义;measure:测度;meet:交运算;member:元素;metamathematics:元数学;metric:度量;metric space:度量空间;model:模型;model theory:模型论;modular arithmetic:模运算;module:模;monotonic function:单调函数;multilinear algebra:多重线性代数;multiplication:乘法;multiset:多样集;Nnaive set theory:朴素集合论;natural logarithm:自然对数;natural number:自然数;natural science:自然科学;negative number:负数;neighbourhood:邻域;New Foundations:新基础理论;nine point circle:九点圆;non-Euclidean geometry:非欧几里德几何;nonlinearity:非线性;non-singular matrix:非奇异矩阵;nonstandard model:非标准模型;nonstandard analysis:非标准分析;norm:范数;normed vector space:赋范向量空间;n-tuple:n 元组或多元组;nullary:空;nullary intersection:空交集;number:数;number line:数轴;Oobject:对象;octonion:八元数;one-to-one correspondence:一一对应;open:开集;open ball:开球;operation:运算;operator:算子;or:或;order topology:序拓扑;ordered field:有序域;ordered pair:有序对;ordered set:偏序集;ordinal number:序数;ordinary mathematics:一般数学;origin:原点;orthogonal matrix:正交矩阵;Pp-adic number:p进数;paracompact space:仿紧致空间;parallel postulate:平行公理;parallelepiped:平行六面体;parallelogram:平行四边形;partial order:偏序关系;partition:分割;Peano arithmetic:皮亚诺公理;Pedoe's inequality:佩多不等式;perpendicular:垂直;philosopher:哲学家;philosophy:哲学;philosophy journals:哲学类杂志;plane:平面;plural quantification:复数量化;point:点;Point-Line-Plane postulate:点线面假设;polar coordinates:极坐标系;polynomial:多项式;polynomial sequence:多项式列;positive-definite matrix:正定矩阵;positive-semidefinite matrix:半正定矩阵;power set:幂集;predicate:谓词;predicate logic:谓词逻辑;preorder:预序关系;prime number:素数;product:积;proof:证明;proper class:纯类;proper subset:真子集;property:性质;proposition:命题;pseudovector:伪向量;Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理;QQ.E.D.:Q.E.D.;quaternion:四元数;quaternions and spatial rotation:四元数与空间旋转;question:疑问句;quotient field:商域;quotient set:商集;Rradius:半径;ratio:比;rational number:有理数;real analysis:实分析;real closed field:实闭域;real line:实数轴;real number:实数;real number line:实数线;reflexive relation:自反关系;reflexivity:自反性;reification:具体化;relation:关系;relative complement:相对补集;relatively complemented lattice:相对补格;right angle:直角;right-handed rule:右手定则;ring:环;Sscalar:标量;second-countable space:第二可数空间;self-adjoint operator:自伴随算子;sentence:判断;separable space:可分空间;sequence:数列或序列;sequence space:序列空间;series:级数;sesquilinear function:半双线性函数;set:集合;set-theoretic definition of natural numbers:自然数的集合论定义;set theory:集合论;several complex variables:一些复变量;shape:几何形状;sign function:符号函数;singleton:单元素集合;social science:社会科学;solid geometry:立体几何;space:空间;spherical coordinates:球坐标系;square matrix:方块矩阵;square root:平方根;strict:严格;structural recursion:结构递归;subset:子集;subsequence:子序列;subspace:子空间;subspace topology:子空间拓扑;subtraction:减法;sum:和;summation:求和;supremum:上确界;surreal number:超实数;symmetric difference:对称差;symmetric relation:对称关系;system of linear equations:线性方程组;Ttensor:张量;terminal object:终结对象;the algebra of sets:集合代数;theorem:定理;top element:最大元;topological field:拓扑域;topological manifold:拓扑流形;topological space:拓扑空间;topology:拓扑或拓扑学;total order:全序关系;totally disconnected:完全不连贯;totally ordered set:全序集;transcendental number:超越数;transfinite recursion:超限归纳法;transitivity:传递性;transitive relation:传递关系;transpose:转置;triangle inequality:三角不等式;trigonometric identities:三角恒等式;triple product:三重积;trivial topology:密着拓扑;true:真;truth value:真值;Uunary operation:一元运算;uncountable:不可数;uniform space:一致空间;union:并集;unique:唯一;unit interval:单位区间;unit step function:单位阶跃函数;unit vector:单位向量;universal quantification:全称量词;universal set:全集;upper bound:上界;Vvacuously true:??;Vandermonde's identity:Vandermonde 恒等式;variable:变量;vector:向量;vector calculus:向量分析;vector space:向量空间;Venn diagram:文氏图;volume:体积;von Neumann ordinal:冯·诺伊曼序数;von Neumann universe:冯·诺伊曼全集;vulgar fraction:分数;ZZermelo set theory:策梅罗集合论;Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory:策梅罗-弗兰克尔集合论;ZF set theory:ZF 系统;zero:零;zero object:零对象;。
关于数学的英文词汇

关于数学的英文词汇一、基础数学运算相关词汇。
1. add(动词)[æd]- 释义:加,增加。
例如:Add 2 and 3.(把2和3相加。
)2. subtract(动词)[səbˈtrækt]- 释义:减,减去。
例如:Subtract 5 from 8.(从8中减去5。
)3. multiply(动词)[ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]- 释义:乘,使相乘。
例如:Multiply 4 by 3.(4乘以3。
)4. divide(动词)[dɪˈvaɪd]- 释义:除,划分。
例如:Divide 10 by 2.(10除以2。
)5. sum(名词)[sʌm]- 释义:总和,总数。
例如:The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.(3和4的总和是7。
)6. difference(名词)[ˈdɪfrəns]- 释义:差,差额。
例如:The difference between 8 and 3 is 5.(8和3之间的差额是5。
)7. product(名词)[ˈprɒdʌkt]- 释义:乘积。
例如:The product of 2 and 5 is 10.(2和5的乘积是10。
)8. quotient(名词)[ˈkwəʊʃnt]- 释义:商。
例如:When 10 is divided by 2, the quotient is 5.(当10被2除时,商是5。
)二、数字相关词汇。
1. zero(名词)[ˈzɪərəʊ] - 释义:零。
2. one(名词)[wʌn]- 释义:一。
3. two(名词)[tuː]- 释义:二。
4. three(名词)[θriː]- 释义:三。
5. four(名词)[fɔː(r)]- 释义:四。
6. five(名词)[faɪv]- 释义:五。
7. six(名词)[sɪks]- 释义:六。
8. seven(名词)[ˈsevn]- 释义:七。
9. eight(名词)[eɪt]- 释义:八。
最新数学专业名词英文解释

高等数学 (Higher Mathematics) 一些基本名词中英文对照表中文英文中文英文函数function 逆时针方counterclockwise向定义域domain of definition 变量variable值域range of function 常量constant quantity 极限limit 坐标轴axis of coordinates 极限值limit value 横坐标abscissa发散diverge 纵坐标ordinate收敛converge 锐角acute angle连续性continuity 钝角obtuse angle连续函数continuous function 平角straight angle左连续continuity from the left 直角right angle开集open set 圆circle闭集closed set 半径radius闭区间closed interval 直径diameter区间interval 三角形triangle一元函数function of one variable 斜率slope多元函数function of several variables 无穷小infinitesimal内点inner point 无穷大infinite孤立点isolated point 正positive邻域neighborhood 负negative导数derivative 凸convex偏导数partial derivative 凹concave微分differential calculus 椭圆ellipse全微分total differential 双曲线hyperbola偏微分partial differential 曲线curve积分integral 曲面surface微积分infinitesimal calculus 交intersection重积分multiple integral 补集complement二重积分double integral 投影project三重积分threefold integral 等差级数arithmetical progression 中值定理law of the mean 几何级数geometric progression 极值extreme values 公理axioms定积分definite integral 定义definition不定积分indefinite integral 定理theorem曲线积分curvilinear integral 集合set曲面积分surface integral 元素element级数progression,series 空集empty数列sequence 子集subset微分方程differential equation 相等equal常微分方ordinary differential equation 常数constant程偏微分方partial differential equation 对数logarithm程差分方程difference equation 指数exponential特征方程characteristic equation 曲率curvature间断点discontinuity point 曲率圆circle of curvature渐近线asymptote 曲率半径radius of curvature切线tangent line 切平面tangent plane切线方程tangential equation 幂级数power series拐点point of inflexion 收敛半径convergence radius绝对收敛absolutely convergence 收敛区间convergence interval条件收敛conditional convergence 收敛区域convergence region和函数sum function 通解general solution解solution 特解special solution初始条件initial condition 阶order条件极值conditional extremum 常数项级constant series数必要条件necessary condition 正项级数positive series充分条件sufficient condition 交错级数alternate series 收敛判别convergence criterion 一般级数ordinary series 法比较判别comparison criterion法《线性代数》英文专业词汇英文中文Linear Algebra 线性代数determinant 行列式row 行column 列element 元素diagonal 对角线principal diagona 主对角线auxiliary diagonal 次对角线transposed determinant 转置行列式triangular determinants 三角行列式interchange 互换absolute value 绝对值identity 恒等式n-order determinants n 阶行列式evaluation of determinant 行列式的求值Algebra cofactor 代数余子式the Vandermonde determinant 范德蒙行列式method of Recursion relation 递推法induction 归纳法Cramer′s rule 克莱姆法则matrix 矩阵the zero matrix 零矩阵the identity matrix 单位矩阵symmetric 对称的英文中文skew-symmetric 反对称的commutative law 交换律square Matrix方阵a matrix of order m×n矩阵m×nthe determinant of matrix A方阵A的行列式operations on Matrices矩阵的运算a transposed matrix转置矩阵an inverse matrix逆矩阵an diagonal matrix对角矩阵an adjoint matrix伴随矩阵singular matrix奇异矩阵nonsingular matrix非奇异矩阵elementary transformations初等变换vectors向量components分量linearly combination线性组合space of arithmetical vectors向量空间subspace子空间dimension维basis基transformation matrix过渡矩阵linearly independent线性无关linearly dependent线性相关the minor of the k th order k 阶子式rank of a Matrix矩阵的秩row vectors行向量column vectors列向量the maximal linearly independent subsystem最大线性无关组Euclidean space欧几里德空间Unitary space酉空间英文中文systems of linear equations线性方程组elimination method消元法homogenous齐次的nonhomogenous非齐次的equivalent等价的necessary and sufficient condition充要条件incompatiable无解的unique solution唯一解the matrix of the coefficients系数矩阵general solution通解particular solution特解trivial solution零解nontrivial solution非零解the fundamental system of solutions基础解系eigenvalue特征值eigenvector特征向量characteristic polynomial特征多项式characteristic equation特征方程normed vector单位向量orthogonal正交的orthogonalization正交化the Gram-Schmidt process正交化过程reducing a matrix to the diagonal form对角化矩阵orthonormal basis标准正交基orthogonal transformation正交变换linear transformation线性变换quadratic forms二次型canonical form标准型the canonical form of a quadratic form二次型的标准型the second-order curve二次曲线coordinate transformation坐标变换。
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代数部分1.有关基本运算:add, plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radical sign, root sign根号round to四舍五入to the nearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5 x +6=22) 4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction, common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenths unit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数integer, whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinary scale, decimal scale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplementary angles补角complementary angle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of a circle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数) opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equalto, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimalsystem 权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial未知数unknown,x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数,幂exponent乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方thepowerof four, thefourth power n 次方thepowerof n, the nthpower开方evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根square root三次方根,立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn 次方根theroot of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral无理数irrationalnumber 实数realnumber虚数imaginarynumber 复数complex number 矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角rightangle钝角obtuseangle平角straight angle周角perigon边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形righttriangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtusetriangle不等边三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere表面积surfacearea体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率,或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken linegraph 曲线统计图curve diagram 扇形统计图piediagram其他数学词汇:mathematics数学theorem定理calculation计算operation运算arithmetic算术,四则运算addition加法subtraction减法multiplication乘法sum和remainder余product积quotient商2 plus 1 equals3二加一等于三4 minus2 equals 2四减二等于二4 multiplied by 5, 4 times5 四乘以五addend加数plus sign加号minussign减号multiplicand被乘数除数dividend被除数decimal point小数点noughtpoint four零点四fraction分数ratio比proportion比例numerator分子common denominator 公分母exponent指数differentialcalculus 微分学计算尺function函数derivative导数power幂,乘方to raise to the power of five使乘五次方x squared某数的平方cube三次方threecubed三次方的to the fourth power,to the power of four 乘四次方square root平方根cube root立方根对数logarithmtable对数表algebra代数equation等式,方程式unknown未知数simpleequation一次方程quadratic equation二次方程cubic equation三次方程微积分反函数: inverse function.幂函数: power function.指数函数: exponential function. 对数函数: logarithmic function.反三角函数: anti-trigonometric function.复合函数: compound function.初等函数: elementary function.双曲函数: hyperbolic function.反双曲函数: anti-hyperbolic function.无穷小:infinitesimal.无穷大:infinity.连续性:continuity.间断点:discontinuous point.介值定理:intermediate value theorem.导数:derivative. 微分:differential.函数的单调性:monotonicity of function.曲线:curve. 曲线的凹凸性:concavity of curve.曲线的拐点: keen point of curve.曲率:curvature.不定积分: indefinite integral(indeterminate integral). 定积分: definite integral.广义积分:improper integral.空间解析几何:space analytic geometry.向量代数:vector algebra.空间直角坐标系:space rectangular coordinate system. 数量积:scalar product.向量积:vector product.曲面:surface.二次曲面:second-degree surface.线性代数Aadjont(adjugate) of matrix A A 的伴随矩阵augmented matrix A 的增广矩阵Bblock diagonal matrix 块对角矩阵block matrix 块矩阵basic solution set 基础解系CCauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西- 许瓦兹不等式characteristic equation 特征方程characteristic polynomial 特征多项式coffcient matrix 系数矩阵cofactor 代数余子式cofactor expansion 代数余子式展开column vector 列向量commuting matrices 交换矩阵consistent linear system 相容线性方程组Cramer's rule 克莱姆法则Cross- product term 交叉项Determinant 行列式Diagonal entries 对角元素Diagonal matrix 对角矩阵Dimension of a vector space V 向量空间V 的维数Eechelon matrix 梯形矩阵eigenspace 特征空间eigenvalue 特征值eigenvector 特征向量eigenvector basis 特征向量的基elementary matrix 初等矩阵elementary row operations 行初等变换Ffull rank 满秩fundermental set of solution 基础解系Ggrneral solution 通解Gram-Schmidt process 施密特正交化过程Hhomogeneous linear equations 齐次线性方程组Iidentity matrix 单位矩阵inconsistent linear system 不相容线性方程组indefinit quatratic form 不定二次型infinite-dimensional space 无限维空间inner product 内积inverse of matrix A 逆矩阵JKLlinear combination 线性组合linearly dependent 线性相关linearly independent 线性无关linear transformation 线性变换lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵Mmain diagonal of matrix A 矩阵的主对角matrix 矩阵Nnegative definite quaratic form 负定二次型negative semidefinite quadratic form 半负定二次型nonhomogeneous equations 非齐次线性方程组nonsigular matrix 非奇异矩阵nontrivial solution 非平凡解norm of vector V 向量V 的范数normalizing vector V 规范化向量orthogonal basis 正交基orthogonal complemen t 正交补orthogonal decomposition 正交分解orthogonally diagonalizable matrix 矩阵的正交对角化orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthogonal set 正交向量组orthonormal basis 规范正交基orthonomal set 规范正交向量组Ppartitioned matrix 分块矩阵positive definite matrix 正定矩阵positive definite quatratic form 正定二次型positive semidefinite matrix 半正定矩阵positive semidefinite quadratic form 半正定二次型Qquatratic form 二次型Rrank of matrix A 矩阵A 的秩r(A )reduced echelon matrix 最简梯形阵row vector 行向量Sset spanned by { } 由向量{ } 所生成similar matrices 相似矩阵similarity transformation 相似变换singular matrix 奇异矩阵solution set 解集合standard basis 标准基standard matrix 标准矩阵I submatrix 子矩阵subspace 子空间symmetric matrix 对称矩阵Ttrace of matrix A 矩阵A 的迹tr ( A ) transpose of A 矩阵A 的转秩triangle inequlity 三角不等式trivial solution 平凡解Uunit vector 单位向量upper triangular matrix 上三角形矩阵Vvandermonde matrix 范得蒙矩阵vector 向量vector space 向量空间WZzero subspace 零子空间zero vector 零空间概率与统计Probability theory 概率论mathematical statistics 数理统计deterministic phenomenon 确定性现象random phenomenon 随机现象sample space 样本空间random occurrence 随机事件fundamental event 基本事件certain event 必然事件impossible event 不可能事件random test 随机试验incompatible events 互不相容事件frequency 频率classical probabilistic model 古典概型geometric probability 几何概率conditional probability 条件概率multiplication theorem 乘法定理Bayes's formula 贝叶斯公式Prior probability 先验概率Posterior probability 后验概率Independent events 相互独立事件Bernoulli trials 贝努利试验random variable 随机变量probability distribution 概率分布distribution function 分布函数discrete random variable 离散随机变量distribution law 分布律hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布random sampling model 随机抽样模型binomial distribution 二项分布Poisson distribution 泊松分布geometric distribution 几何分布probability density 概率密度continuous random variable 连续随机变量uniformly distribution 均匀分布exponential distribution 指数分布numerical character 数字特征mathematical expectation 数学期望variance 方差moment 矩central moment 中心矩n-dimensional random variable n-维随机变量two-dimensional random variable 二维离散随机变量joint probability distribution 联合概率分布joint distribution law 联合分布律joint distribution function 联合分布函数boundary distribution law 边缘分布律boundary distribution function 边缘分布函数exponential distribution 二维指数分布continuous random variable 二维连续随机变量joint probability density 联合概率密度boundary probability density 边缘概率密度conditional distribution 条件分布conditional distribution law 条件分布律conditional probability density 条件概率密度covariance 协方差dependency coefficient 相关系数normal distribution 正态分布limit theorem 极限定理standard normal distribution 标准正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 对数正态分布covariance matrix 协方差矩阵central limit theorem 中心极限定理Chebyshev's inequality 切比雪夫不等式Bernoulli's law of large numbers 贝努利大数定律statistics 统计量simple random sample 简单随机样本sample distribution function 样本分布函数sample mean 样本均值sample variance 样本方差sample standard deviation 样本标准差sample covariance 样本协方差sample correlation coefficient 样本相关系数order statistics 顺序统计量sample median 样本中位数sample fractiles 样本极差sampling distribution 抽样分布parameter estimation 参数估计estimator 估计量estimate value 估计值unbiased estimator 无偏估计unbiassedness 无偏性biased error 偏差mean square error 均方误差relative efficient 相对有效性minimum variance 最小方差asymptotic unbiased estimator 渐近无偏估计量uniformly estimator 一致性估计量moment method of estimation 矩法估计maximum likelihood method of estimation 极大似然估计法likelihood function 似然函数maximum likelihood estimator 极大似然估计值interval estimation 区间估计hypothesis testing 假设检验statistical hypothesis 统计假设simple hypothesis 简单假设composite hypothesis 复合假设rejection region 拒绝域acceptance domain 接受域test statistics 检验统计量linear regression analysis 线性回归分析。