江苏自考27183(本科)国际经济学六套习题集含答案
国际经济学,选择题集（含答案）
国际经济学,选择题集（含答案）ContentsChapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model 2 Chapter 4 Specific Factors and Income Distribution 13 Chapter 5 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin Model 22 Chapter 6 The Standard Trade Model 31 Chapter 7 Economies of Scale, imperfect Competition, and International Trade 41 Chapter 8 International Factor Movements 50 Chapter 9 The Instruments of Trade Policy 60Chapter 3: Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage - The Ricardian ModelMultiple Choice Questions1.Countries trade with each other because they are _______ and because of______.A. different, costsB. similar, scale economiesC. different, scale economiesD. similar, costsE.None of the above.2.Trade between two countries can benefit both countries ifA.each country exports that good in which it has a comparative advantage.B.each country enjoys superior terms of trade.C.each country has a more elastic demand for the imported goods.D.each country has a more elastic supply for the supplied goods.E.Both C and D.3.The Ricardian theory of comparative advantage states that a country has acomparative advantage in widgets ifA.output per worker of widgets is higher in that country.B.that country's exchange rate is low.C.wage rates in that country are high.D.the output per worker of widgets as compared to the output of some otherproduct is higher in that country.E.Both B and C.4.In order to know whether a country has a comparative advantage in theproduction of one particular product we need information on at least ____unitlabor requirementsA.oneB.twoC.threeE.five5. A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA.is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B.is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it coulddomestically.D.is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E.None of the above.6.Given the following information:Unit Labor RequirementsCloth WidgetsHome 10 20Foreign 60 30A.Neither country has a comparative advantage.B.Home has a comparative advantage in cloth.C.Foreign has a comparative advantage in cloth.D.Home has a comparative advantage in widgets.E.Home has a comparative advantage in both products.7.If it is ascertained that Foreign uses prison-slave labor to produce its exports, then home shouldA.export cloth.B.export widgets.C.export both and import nothing.D.export and import nothing.E.All of the above.8.If the Home economy suffered a meltdown, and the Unit Labor Requirements in each of the products quadrupled (that is, doubled to 30 for cloth and 60 for widgets) then home shouldA.export cloth.B.export widgets.C.export both and import nothing.D.export and import nothing.E.All of the above.9.If wages were to double in Home, then Home should:B.export widgets.C.export both and import nothing.D.export and import nothing.E.All of the above.10.If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 4 Cloths, thenA.both countries could benefit from trade with each other.B.neither country could benefit from trade with each other.C.each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparative advantage.D.neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoyscomparative advantage.E.both countries will want to specialize in cloth.11.Given the following information:Number of Units Produced by one Unit of LaborCloth WidgetsHome 10 20Foreign 60 30A.Neither country has a comparative advantage.B.Home has a comparative advantage in cloth.C.Foreign has a comparative advantage in cloth.D.Foreign has a comparative advantage in widgets.E.Home has a comparative advantage in both products.12.The opportunity cost of cloth in terms of widgets in Foreign is if it is ascertained that Foreign uses prison-slave labor to produce its exports, then home shouldA.export cloth.B.export widgets.C.export both and import nothing.D.export and import nothing.E.All of the above.13.If wages were to double in Home ,then Home shouldA.export cloth.B.export widgets.C.export both and import nothing.D.export and import nothing.14.If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 4 Cloths, thenA.both countries could benefit from trade with each other.B.neither country could benefit from trade with each other.C.each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparativeadvantage.D.neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoyscomparative advantage.E.both countries will want to specialize in cloth.15.If the world equilibrium price of widgets were 40 cloths, thenA.both countries could benefit from trade with each other.B.neither country could benefit from trade with each other.C.each country will want to export the good in which it enjoys comparativeadvantage.D.neither country will want to export the good in which it enjoyscomparative advantage.E.both countries will want to specialize in cloth.16. In a two product two country world, international trade can lead to increases inA.consumer welfare only if output of both products is increased.B.output of both products and consumer welfare in both countries.C.total production of both products but not consumer welfare in bothcountriesD.consumer welfare in both countries but not total production of bothproducts.E.None of the above.17.As a result of trade, specialization in the Ricardian model tends to be/doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html plete with constant costs and with increasing costs./doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html plete with constant costs and incomplete with increasing costs.C.incomplete with constant costs and complete with increasing costs.D.incomplete with constant costs and incomplete with increasing costs.E.None of the above.18. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsumption bundleA.inside its production possibilities frontier.B.on its production possibilities frontier.D.inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E.on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.19.In the Ricardian model, if a country's trade is restricted, this will cause all except which?A.Limit specialization and the division of labor.B.Reduce the volume of trade and the gains from tradeC.Cause nations to produce inside their production possibilities curvesD.May result in a country producing some of the product of its comparative disadvantageE.None of the above.20.If a very small country trades with a very large country according to the Ricardian model, thenA.the small country will suffer a decrease in economic welfare.B.the large country will suffer a decrease in economic welfare.C.the small country will enjoy gains from trade.E.None of the above.21.If the world terms of trade for a country are somewhere between the domestic cost ratio of H and that of F, thenA.country H but not country F will gain from trade.B.country H and country F will both gain from trade.C.neither country H nor F will gain from trade.D.only the country whose government subsidizes its exports will gain.E.None of the above.22.If the world terms of trade equal those of country F, thenA.country H but not country F will gain from trade.B.country H and country F will both gain from trade.C.neither country H nor F will gain from trade.D.only the country whose government subsidizes its exports will gain.E.None of the above.23. If the world terms of trade equal those of country ,F thenA.country H but not country F will gain from trade.B.country H and country F will both gain from trade.C.neither country H nor F will gain from trade.D.only the country whose government subsidizes its exports will gain.24.If a production possibilities frontier is bowed out (concave to the origin), then production occurs under conditions ofA.constant opportunity costs.B.increasing opportunity costs.C.decreasing opportunity costs.D.infinite opportunity costs.E.None of the above.25.If two countries have identical production possibility frontiers, then trade between them is not likely ifA.their supply curves are identical.B.their cost functions are identical.C.their demand conditions identical.D.their incomes are identical.E.None of the above.26.If two countries have identical production possibility frontiers, then trade between them is not likely ifA.their supply curves are identical.B.their cost functions are identical.D.their incomes are identical.E.None of the above.27.The earliest statement of the principle of comparative advantage is associated withA.David Hume.B.David Ricardo.C.Adam Smith.D.Eli Heckscher.E.Bertil Ohlin.28. If one country's wage level is very high relative to the other's (the relative wage exceeding the relative productivity ratios), then if they both use the same currencyA.neither country has a comparative advantage.B.only the low wage country has a comparative advantage.C.only the high wage country has a comparative advantage.D.consumers will still find trade worth while from their perspective.29.If one country's wage level is very high relative to the other's (the relative wageexceeding the relative productivity ratios), thenA.it is not possible that producers in each will find export marketsprofitable.B.it is not possible that consumers in both countries will enhance theirrespective welfares through imports.C.it is not possible that both countries will find gains from trade.D.it is possible that both will enjoy the conventional gains from trade.E.None of the above.30.The Ricardian model is based on all of the following exceptA.only two nations and two products.B. no diminishing returns./doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor is the only factor of production.D.product quality varies among nations.E.None of the above.31. Ricardo's original theory of comparative advantage seemed of limited real-world value because it was founded on the/doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor theory of value.B. capital theory of value.C. land theory of value.D. entrepreneur theory of value.E.None of the above.32.According to Ricardo, a country will have a comparative advantage in theproduct in which its/doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor productivity is relatively low. /doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor productivity is relatively high. /doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor mobility is relatively low. /doc/3e771cc58bd63186bcebbcb7.html bor mobility is relatively high.E.None of the above.33.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement "Germany enjoys acomparative advantage over France in autos relative to ships" is equivalent toA.France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B.France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany inautos and ships.D.France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E.None of the above.34.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the UnitedStates equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Productioncosts would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA.U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units perhour.B.U.S. productivity equaled 30 units per hour whereas Japan's was 20.C.U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 and Japan's 30.D.U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 and Japan's 25 units per hour.E.None of the above.35.If the United States’ production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis,whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA.the United States has no comparative advantageB.Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C.the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D.Not enough information is given.E.None of the above.36.Suppose the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to thewidget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis. We now learn that the German mark is sharply depreciated against the U.S. dollar. We now knowthatA.the United States has no comparative advantageB.Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C.the United States has a comparative advantage in butter.D.Not enough information is given.E.None of the above.37.Suppose the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to thewidget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis. We now learn that the German wage doubles, but U.S. wages do not change at all. We now knowthatA.the United States has no comparative advantage.B.Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C.the United States has a comparative advantage in butter.D.Not enough information is given.Essay Questions1.Many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have very low labor productivities inmany sectors, in manufacturing and agriculture. They often despair of eventrying to attempt to build their industries unless it is done in an autarkic context,behind protectionist walls because they do not believe they can compete withmore productive industries abroad. Discuss this issue in the context of theRicardian model of comparative advantage.2.In 1975, wage levels in South Korea were roughly 5% of those in the UnitedStates. It is obvious that if the United States had allowed Korean goods to befreely imported into the United States at that time, this would have causeddevastation to the standard of living in the United States.,because no producer in this country could possibly compete with such low wages. Discuss this assertion in the context of the Ricardian model of comparative advantage.3.The evidence cited in the chapter using the examples of the East Asia NewIndustrializing Countries suggests that as international productivities converge,so do international wage levels. Why do you suppose this happened for the EastAsian NICs? In light of your answer, what do you think is likely to happen tothe relative wages (relative to those in the United States) of China in the comingdecade? Explain your reasoning.4.When we examine the 2 Good 2 Country version of the Ricardian model ofcomparative advantage, we note that comparative advantage is totallydetermined by physical productivity ratios. Changes in wage rates in eithercountry cannot affect these physically determined comparative advantages, andhence cannot affect, which product will be exported by which country. However, when more than 2 goods are added to the model (still with 2 countries), changesin wage rates in one or the other country can in fact determine which good orgoods each of the countries will export. How can you explain this anomaly?5.An examination of the Ricardian model of comparative advantage yields theclear result that trade is (potentially) beneficial for each of the two tradingpartners since it allows for an expanded consumption choice for each. However, for the world as a whole the expansion of production of one product mustinvolve a decrease in the availability of the other, so that it is not clear that tradeis better for the world as a whole as compared to an initial situation of non-trade(but efficient production in each country). Are there in fact gains from trade forthe world as a whole? Explain.Quantitative/Graphing ProblemsCloth WidgetsHome 100 200Foreign 60 30What is the opportunity cost of Cloth in terms of Widgets in Foreign?2. Given the following information:Unit Labor RequirementsCloth WidgetsHome 100 200Foreign 60 30If these two countries trade these two goods in the context of the Ricardianmodel of comparative advantage, then what is the lower limit of the wo rldequilibrium price of widgets?3. Given the following information:Unit Labor RequirementsCloth WidgetsHome 100 200Foreign 60 30If these two countries trade these two goods with each other in according to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage, what is the lower limit for the price of cloth?4. Given the following information:Units Produced by One Worker/HourCloth WidgetsHome 100 200Foreign 60 30What is the opportunity cost of cloth in terms of Wwdgets in Foreign?5. Given the following information:Cloth WidgetsHome 100 200Foreign 60 30If these two countries trade these two goods with each other in the following the Ricardian model of comparative advantage, then what is the lower limit for theworld equilibrium price of cloth?1. Home has 1200 units of labor available. It can produce two goods, apples and bananas. The unit labor requirement in apple production is 3, while in banana production it is2.c. In the absence of trade, what would the price of apples in terms of bananas be? Why?2. Home is as described in problem 1. There is now also another country, Foreign, with a labor force of 800. Foreign's unit labor requirement in apple production is 5, while in banana prod uction it is 1.a. Graph Foreign's production possibility frontier.b. Construct the world relative supply curve.3. Now suppose world relative demand takes the following form: Demand for apples / demand for bananas = price of bananas / price of applesa. Graph the relative demand curve along with the relative supply curve.b. What is the equilibrium relative price of apples?c. Describe the pattern of trade.d. Show that both Home and Foreign gain from trade.4. Suppose that instead of 1200 workers, Ho me had 2400. Find the equilibrium relative price. What can you say about the efficiency of world production and the division of the gains from trade between Home and Foreign in this case?5. Suppose that Home has 2400 workers, but they are only half as productive in both industries as we have been assuming. Construct the world relative supply curve and determine the equilibrium relative price. How do the gains from trade compare with those in the case described in problem 4?6. “ Korean workers earn only $2.50 an hour; if we allow Korea to export as much as it likes to the United States, our workers will be forced down to the same level. You can’t import a $5 shirt without importing the $2.50 wage that goes with it.” Discuss.7. 请对下列观点加以评价：（1）只有当⼀个国家的⽣产率达到⾜以在国际竞争中⽴⾜的⽔平时，它才能从⾃由贸易中获益；（2）如果来⾃外国的竞争是建⽴在低⼯资的基础上，那么这种竞争是不公平的，⽽且会损害其他参与竞争的国家；（3）如果⼀个国家的⼯⼈⽐其他国家⼯⼈的⼯资低，那么贸易就会使这个国家受到剥削并使福利恶化。
国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx
《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。
[经济学]《国际经济学》练习题参考答案
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一、单项选择题1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（A）A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术2.在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C）A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（A）A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D）A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B）A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是（B）A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7.不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长方式有（C）A.偏向进口的生产要素增长B.偏向出口的生产要素增长C.生产要素等比例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税水平应等于（B）A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B）A.日内瓦B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越小，卡特尔订价水平就（B）A.越低B.越高C.不变D.不确定11.下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易（D）A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C.套利D.套期保值12.下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币（D）A.英镑B.日元C.美元D.人民币13.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目（D）A.进出口B.利息收支C.直接投资D.特别提款权变动14.在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时，小国所面临的供给弹性是（D）A.零B.小于需求弹性C.大于需求弹性D.无穷大15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C）A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制16.在1997年东南亚金融危机中，最早出现金融动荡的国家是（B）A.印度尼西业B.泰国C.日本D.韩国17.劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流出国（D）A.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高B.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高D.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降18.产业内贸易更容易发生于（C）A.富国与穷国之间B.类似的高手入国家之间C.发达国家与发达国家之间D.发展中国家之间19.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（C）A.两国的绝对优势B.两国的比较优势C.两国的相对需求强度D.两国的要素禀赋20.以下选项中，那个选项不属于国际收支系统中居民的概念（C）A.外国企业B.非盈利机构C.国际经济组织D.政府21.布雷顿森林体系创立了（B）A.以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B.以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C.以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D.以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度22.以下选项中，属于国际间接投资的是（D）A.在外国设立分公司B.在国外设立独资企业C.在国外设立合资企业D.购买国外企业债券23.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（D）A.技术转让B.信息交流C.信息回授D.示范效应24.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（C）A.通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B.衰退与国际收支顺差并存C衰退与国际收支逆差并存 D.通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存25.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容（D）A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费水平研究26.关于出口贫困化增长，下列命题不正确的是（D）A.出口的贫困化增长的根源在于贸易条件的恶化B.出口的贫困化增长不是一种普遍的现象C.出口的贫困化增长会降低本国的福利水平D.出口的贫困化增长是经济发展过程中的一种必然现象27.产品的水平差异是指（D）A.采用新技术制造的新产品带来的差异B.产品质量方面的差异C.同质产品D.商品由于相同属性的不同组合而产生的差异性28.货币的含金量之比又称（B）A.购买力平价B.铸币平价C.铸币数量D.铸币本位29.从国际经济学的角度来考察，构成经济活动的基本单位或行为主体是（D）A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家30.布雷顿森林体系规定，美元与其挂钩的是（C）A.特别提款权B.一揽子货币C.黄金D.白银31.下列选项中不属于比较利益学说的假设是（B）A.以劳动价值论为基础B.要素是完全流动的C.要素和产品市场都是完全竞争的D.收入分配不受贸易影响32.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于金融账户的内容（C）A.证券投资B.其他投资和储备资产C.债务减免D.直接投资33.国际经济一体化组织的建立对各成员国产生的静态影响包括(A)A．贸易创造和贸易转向 B.贸易创造和大市场效应 C.贸易转向和竞争效应 D.大市场效应和竞争效应二、多项选择题1.下列属于非关税壁垒措施的有（ABCDE）A.自愿出口限制B.歧视性的公共采购C.对外贸易的国家垄断D.技术和卫生检疫标准E.进口许可证2.以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济一体化组织（ABCD）A.自由贸易区B.关税同盟C.共同市场D.经济联盟E.北约3.制订一个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格，所需考虑的影响因素有（ABCDE）A.产品收入弹性B.卡特尔市场占有率C.非卡特尔厂商产品的供给弹性D.卡特尔产品的需求弹性E.非卡特尔的市场份额4.基本项目收支差额包括（ABC）A.商品贸易收支B.服务贸易收支C.资本项目收支D.官方结算收支E.金融资产变动项目收支5.一国在实现外部平衡的过程中，可供选择的政策措施有（ABCDE）A.融通资金B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动D.调整经济E.限制进口6.18世纪中叶，指出重商主义理论存在重要缺陷的经济学家包括（AD）A.斯密B.李嘉图C.马尔萨斯D.休谟E.杜格尔7.新古典国际贸易理论主要包括（ABCD）A.H-O理论B.S-S理论C.H-O-S理论D.R理论E.比较优势理论8.一国实行对外开放后，从打破国内垄断中可以获得的利益包括（ABCDE）A．消费者享受较低的国际价格 B.企业产量不断增加 C.本国福利水平提高D.形成公平的竞争格局E.企业竞争力增强9.发展中国家尚不成熟的主要表现有（ABCD）A.一级市场融资渠道不畅B.银行系统受政府严格控制C.人为控制的贷款利息率水平D.“黑市”的存在E.没有投机活动10.国际收支调整的重要基础理论是（BCD）A.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论11.国际收支不平衡的类型有（ABDE）A．周期性不平衡 B.结构性不平衡 C.货币性不平衡 D.价格性不平衡E．收入性不平衡12.自由贸易将会对不同部门生要素的收入产生不同的影响，其中包括（ABE）A.出口部门专门生产要素收入水平提高B.进口竞争部门专门生产要素收入水平降低C.共同生产要素收入水平上升D.共同生产要素收入水平维持不变E.共同生产要素收入水平无法确定13.货币贬值对国内吸收的直接影响包括（ABC）A.货币余额效应B.收入再分配效应C.货币幻觉效应D.引致支出效应E.价格变动效应14.下列关于共同市场的叙述正确的有(ABC)A.成员国建立了共同对外关税B.实现了商品自由贸易C.实现了生产要素与服务的自由流动D．成员国间需要在技术标准、税收制度、金融法规等方面加以协调15.下列经济交易中属于国际收支平衡表资本与金融项目统计的内容有（ABC）A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收支16.国际收支弹性分析法的基本假定包括（ABCD）A.国内总体价格水平保持不变B.不存在国际资本流动C.汇率由货币当局控制且相对稳定D.汇率变动能够有效影响进出口的商品价格17.国际货币体系包括的内容有(ABCDE)A.汇率制度的确定B.各国货币的兑换性C.国际储备资产的确定D.国际收支的调节方式E.国际金融事务的协商和组织三、名词解释1.生产者剩余答：生产者剩余是指生产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。
国际经济学题库(含参考答案)
国际经济学题库（含参考答案）一、单选题（共50题，每题1分，共50分）1、区域一体化组织中最松散、最低级的形式是（）A、关税同盟B、自由贸易区C、共同市场D、优惠贸易安排正确答案：D2、要素价格均等化表明（）A、一国丰富要素所有者受益，稀缺要素所有者受损B、一国丰富要素所有者受损，稀缺要素所有者受益C、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益D、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益正确答案：A3、下列不属于关税同盟动态效应的是（）A、大市场效应B、加剧竞争C、吸引外资D、贸易创造效应正确答案：D4、如果开放前一国X产品的相对价格低于其贸易伙伴，则贸易后该国（）A、进口 X产品B、生产者福利增加C、整体福利下降D、消费者福利增加正确答案：B5、下列（）会给本国带来较大的贸易创造效应。
A、本国对贸易商品的供给弹性较大B、本国对成员国的初始关税较大C、本国与成员国之间贸易商品的成本差别较大D、本国对贸易商品的需求弹性较小正确答案：D6、初级产品的出口价格若下降，其出口量将增加，出口总收入（）A、不变B、增加C、下降D、不确定正确答案：C7、马歇尔一勒纳条件所要说明的是在供给弹性（）的情况下，本币贬值能够改善贸易收支的进出口需求弹性条件。
A、零B、无穷大C、1D^大于零小于1正确答案：B8、假设中国和美国都能生产小麦和布，中国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产50米；全部生产小麦，可以生产80千克；美国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产40米；全部生产小麦，可以生产 100千克。
如果开放后的国际交换比价为1米布=L 8千克小麦，则下列说法正确的是（）A、无法比较美国和中国的获利情况B、中国从贸易开放中获利更多C、美国和中国从贸易开放中获利相同D、美国从贸易开放中获利更多正确答案：D9、下列不属于国际收支平衡表资本项目的是（）A、利息收支B、短期信贷C、短期证券买卖D、票据买卖正确答案：A10、消费者剩余是（）A、消费者为了商品的消费而必须向政府支付的东西B、消费者通过低于市场价格的价格而得到的收益C、消费者购买商品所需支付的价格低于其愿意支付的价格而获得的收益D、消费者可以在各种价格水平得到的收益正确答案：C11、外汇市场中的即期交易不包含（）A、套汇B、投机C、国际贸易结算D、银行同业拆借正确答案：B12、如果一个中国工人能生产3匹布或者1辆汽车，一个美国工人能生产4匹布或2辆汽车，则能促进中国与美国进行贸易并各自收益的交换比率是（）A、4匹布换2辆汽车B、3匹布换1辆汽车C、3匹布换2辆汽车D、5匹布换2辆汽车正确答案：D13、国际经济学的研究对象是（）A、国际商品流动B、国际收支平衡C、世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置D^国际人员流动正确答案：C14、根据国民收入决定方程Y=C+I+G+X-M,国际收支的吸收分析法中的“吸收”是指（）A、YB、C+IC、C+I+GD、X-M正确答案：C15、开放经济条件下的宏观经济政策目标是（）A、追求贸易顺差B、汇率稳定C、扩大出口D、国际收支平衡正确答案：D16、在进行贸易后，一国的收入分配会发生如下变化，（）A、收入由消费者转向生产者B、受到进口商品竞争压力的国内生产者遭受损失，而出口商品的生产者则会受益C、消费者受损，生产者受益D、作为整体的国家受益，而个人则会受到损失正确答案：B17、商品和服务贸易记录在国际收支平衡表中的（）A、经常项目B、误差和遗漏项目C、官方结算项目D、资本项目正确答案：A18、下列哪个行业最有可能具有内部规模经济？（）A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、美国的大型农场D、北京中关村的电脑城正确答案：C19、采用（）的配额分配方式，配额的福利效果与关税一样。
国际经济学课程学习题集与参考答案
国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界围的资源配置问题。
2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。
3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。
4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。
5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。
6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。
7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。
第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。
3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
4、嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
6、在嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。
7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
8、嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。
选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。
2、要素禀赋理论由H-O定理、要素价格均等化定理和罗伯津斯基定理、斯托伯-萨缪尔森定理等构成3、要素价格均等化理论指出国际贸易通过商品价格的均等化会导致要素价格的均等化，从而在世界围实现资源的最佳配置。
国际经济学试题及答案
国际经济学试题及答案一、单项选择题1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（A ）A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术2.在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C ）A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（A ）A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D ）A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B ）A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是（B ）A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7.不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长方式有（C ）A.偏向进口的生产要素增长B.偏向出口的生产要素增长C.生产要素等比例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税水平应等于（B）A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B ）A.日内瓦B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越小，卡特尔订价水平就（B）A.越低B.越高C.不变D.不确定11.下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易（D）A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C.套利D.套期保值12.下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币（D ）A.英镑B.日元C.美元D.人民币13.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目（D ）A.进出口B.利息收支C.直接投资D.特别提款权变动14.在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时，小国所面临的供给弹性是（D ）A.零B.小于需求弹性C.大于需求弹性D.无穷大15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C ）A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制16.在1997年东南亚金融危机中，最早出现金融动荡的国家是（B）A.印度尼西业B.泰国C.日本D.韩国17.劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流出国（D）A.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高B.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高D.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降18.产业内贸易更容易发生于（C）A.富国与穷国之间B.类似的高手入国家之间C.发达国家与发达国家之间D.发展中国家之间19.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（C）A.两国的绝对优势B.两国的比较优势C.两国的相对需求强度D.两国的要素禀赋20.以下选项中，那个选项不属于国际收支系统中居民的概念（C）A.外国企业B.非盈利机构C.国际经济组织D.政府21.布雷顿森林体系创立了（B）A.以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B.以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C.以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D.以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度22.以下选项中，属于国际间接投资的是（D）A.在外国设立分公司B.在国外设立独资企业C.在国外设立合资企业D.购买国外企业债券23.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（D）A.技术转让B.信息交流C.信息回授D.示范效应24.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（C）A.通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B.衰退与国际收支顺差并存C衰退与国际收支逆差并存 D.通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存25.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容（D）A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费水平研究26.关于出口贫困化增长，下列命题不正确的是（D）A.出口的贫困化增长的根源在于贸易条件的恶化B.出口的贫困化增长不是一种普遍的现象C.出口的贫困化增长会降低本国的福利水平D.出口的贫困化增长是经济发展过程中的一种必然现象27.产品的水平差异是指（D）A.采用新技术制造的新产品带来的差异B.产品质量方面的差异C.同质产品D.商品由于相同属性的不同组合而产生的差异性28.货币的含金量之比又称（B）A.购买力平价B.铸币平价C.铸币数量D.铸币本位29.从国际经济学的角度来考察，构成经济活动的基本单位或行为主体是（D）A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家30.布雷顿森林体系规定，美元与其挂钩的是（C）A.特别提款权B.一揽子货币C.黄金D.白银31.下列选项中不属于比较利益学说的假设是（B）A.以劳动价值论为基础B.要素是完全流动的C.要素和产品市场都是完全竞争的D.收入分配不受贸易影响32.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于金融账户的内容（C）A.证券投资B.其他投资和储备资产C.债务减免D.直接投资33.国际经济一体化组织的建立对各成员国产生的静态影响包括(A)A．贸易创造和贸易转向B.贸易创造和大市场效应C.贸易转向和竞争效应 D.大市场效应和竞争效应二、多项选择题1.下列属于非关税壁垒措施的有（ABCDE ）A.自愿出口限制B.歧视性的公共采购C.对外贸易的国家垄断D.技术和卫生检疫标准E.进口许可证2.以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济一体化组织（ABCD ）A.自由贸易区B.关税同盟C.共同市场D.经济联盟E.北约3.制订一个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格，所需考虑的影响因素有（ABCDE ）A.产品收入弹性B.卡特尔市场占有率C.非卡特尔厂商产品的供给弹性D.卡特尔产品的需求弹性E.非卡特尔的市场份额4.基本项目收支差额包括（ABC ）A.商品贸易收支B.服务贸易收支C.资本项目收支D.官方结算收支E.金融资产变动项目收支5.一国在实现外部平衡的过程中，可供选择的政策措施有（ABCDE ）A.融通资金B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动D.调整经济E.限制进口6.18世纪中叶，指出重商主义理论存在重要缺陷的经济学家包括（AD）A.斯密B.李嘉图C.马尔萨斯D.休谟E.杜格尔7.新古典国际贸易理论主要包括（ABCD）A.H-O理论B.S-S理论C.H-O-S理论D.R理论E.比较优势理论8.一国实行对外开放后，从打破国内垄断中可以获得的利益包括（ABCDE）A．消费者享受较低的国际价格B.企业产量不断增加C.本国福利水平提高D.形成公平的竞争格局E.企业竞争力增强9.发展中国家尚不成熟的主要表现有（ABCD）A.一级市场融资渠道不畅B.银行系统受政府严格控制C.人为控制的贷款利息率水平D.“黑市”的存在E.没有投机活动10.国际收支调整的重要基础理论是（BCD）A.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论11.国际收支不平衡的类型有（ABDE）A．周期性不平衡B.结构性不平衡C.货币性不平衡D.价格性不平衡E．收入性不平衡12.自由贸易将会对不同部门生要素的收入产生不同的影响，其中包括（ABE）A.出口部门专门生产要素收入水平提高B.进口竞争部门专门生产要素收入水平降低C.共同生产要素收入水平上升D.共同生产要素收入水平维持不变E.共同生产要素收入水平无法确定13.货币贬值对国内吸收的直接影响包括（ABC）A.货币余额效应B.收入再分配效应C.货币幻觉效应D.引致支出效应E.价格变动效应14.下列关于共同市场的叙述正确的有(ABC)A.成员国建立了共同对外关税B.实现了商品自由贸易C.实现了生产要素与服务的自由流动D．成员国间需要在技术标准、税收制度、金融法规等方面加以协调15.下列经济交易中属于国际收支平衡表资本与金融项目统计的内容有（ABC）A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收支16.国际收支弹性分析法的基本假定包括（ABCD）A.国内总体价格水平保持不变B.不存在国际资本流动C.汇率由货币当局控制且相对稳定D.汇率变动能够有效影响进出口的商品价格17.国际货币体系包括的内容有(ABCDE)A.汇率制度的确定B.各国货币的兑换性C.国际储备资产的确定D.国际收支的调节方式E.国际金融事务的协商和组织三、名词解释1.生产者剩余答：生产者剩余是指生产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。
(完整版)国际经济学课后习题答案
思路：中国的生产可能性曲线为2Y=300-X，大米的机会成本为1/2单位的钢铁，根据福利函数知每一条效用曲线上大米对钢铁的边际替代率为
（1）封闭经济中的福利最大化必在大米的边际替代率与机会成本相等处，即 ，或X=Y处，代入生产可能性曲线得X=Y=100，U0=100*1002=106
3.一个小国和一个大国发生贸易，哪一个国家的福利水平提高的幅度更大一些？画图说明。
思路：一般来说，小国福利水平提高的幅度更大一些。以大国向小国进口为例。从下图中可以看出虽然贸易后的价格均为PW,但是大国价格变动幅度小于小国,所以大国福利仅提高ABE，而小国福利提高A’B’E’。大国原来福利水平为OMEN，福利提高幅度为ABE/OMEN，而小国福利原来水平为O’M’E’N’，福利提高幅度为A’B’E’/O’M’E’N’，显然小国的福利水平提高幅度要比大国大。
（3）如果各国按照比较优势生产和出口，加拿大进口小麦出口计算机，中国进口计算机出口小麦。
加拿大进口一单位小麦需要出口1/22单位计算机，折合成劳动时间来算，生产一单位小麦本国要用3小时，但生产1/22单位计算机本国要用60/22小时劳动，所以加拿大进口一单位小麦相当于用60/22小时的劳动换回本国3小时生产的产品，节省了3-60/22=3/11小时的劳动时间。中国进口一单位计算机需要出口22单位小麦，相当于用22*4=88小时的劳动换回本国需用100小时生产的产品，节省了100-88=12小时的劳动时间。
生产者利润减少a=1/2*(1400+1600)*10000=1.5*107
社会福利增加b=(a+b)-a=2*106
6.假设A、B两国生产技术相同且在短期内不变：生产一单位衣服需要的资本为1，需要的劳动为3；生产一单位食品需要的资本为2，需要的劳动为2。A国拥有160单位劳动和100单位资本；B国拥有120单位劳动和80单位资本。则
《国际经济学》练习题参考答案
《国际经济学》练习题参考答案一、名词解释一价定律：一价定律是绝对购买力平价理论成立的前提条件，指的是任何一种商品在不同国家以同种货币表示时价格都相等。
购买力平价：指两种货币之间的汇率决定于它们单位货币购买力之间的比例。
国际收支：在一定时期内，一国居民与非本国居民间全部经济交易的的系统记录。
产品生命周期：产品生命周期是指新产品经历发明、应用、推广到市场饱和、产品衰落，进而被其他产品所替代四个阶段。
绝对优势原理：由英国古典经济学家亚当·斯密提出，是指在某种商品的生产上，一个经济在劳动生产率上占有绝对优势，或其生产所耗费的劳动成本绝对低于另一个经济。
若各个经济都从事自己占绝对优势的产品的生产，继而进行交换，那么双方都可以通过交换得到绝对的利益，从而整个世界也可以获得分工的好处。
里昂惕夫之谜：里昂惕夫之谜是由美国经济学家里昂惕夫在用其所提出的投入——产出分析方法检验美国进出口是否符合H—O理论所提出的，按照H—O理论，美国应该专业化生产并出口资本密集型的产品，进口劳动密集型的产品，但是，里昂惕夫经过检验计算得出，美国出口的是劳动密集型的产品，进口的是资本密集型的产品，刚好与H—O相反。
因此，人们把这个理论称之为里昂惕夫之谜。
围绕里昂惕夫之谜，经济学家对国际贸易理论进行了更深入的研究。
比较优势原理：即使一国在两种产品的生产上都较另一国没有效率，仍然可以进行双赢的贸易。
第一国应该专业化生产并出口其绝对劣势较小的产品，而进口其绝对劣势较大的产品。
另一个国家则进行相反的贸易。
有效关税率：也叫有效关税率，是指对某个工业每单位产品“增值”部分的从价税率，其税率代表着关税对本国同类产品的真正有效的保护程度。
贸易乘数：指对外贸易对经济增长的巨大作用，通过对外贸易的发展，从而带动国内要素的优化配置，可以对国民经济带来乘数倍的效应。
马歇尔－勒纳条件：是勒纳在马歇尔的国际收支调节乘数论的基础上进一步研究的结果，指的是在供给弹性无穷大的情况下，如果进出口需求弹性的绝对值大于1，货币贬值就能使一国国际收支得到改善，由逆差变为顺差。