《英语报刊选读》复习题
东北师范大学22春“英语”《报刊选读》期末考试高频考点版(带答案)试卷号：2
东北师范大学22春“英语”《报刊选读》期末考试高频考点版（带答案）一.综合考核(共50题)1.viciousness ____.A.dangerous aggressionB.work hardbine参考答案：A2.College officials should be blamed for the cheating in college rankings.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B3.The proportion of women among full-time faculty members doubled between 1972 and 1997, to ____ percent.A.38B.36C.20D.42参考答案：B4.Gorge W.Bush Jr. and Gorge W.Bush Sr. are the ____ father-and-son president.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth参考答案：BMoriarty is a writer now.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A6.Nixon still believes that Communist party will be the enemy of the United States forever.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B7.Most teaching staffs in American universities are black.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A8.eligible ()A.to eat without choiceB.qualified or entitled to be chosenC.serve sb heart and soul参考答案：B9.mediocre ()monB.same; equalC.prosperous or rich参考答案：A____ is a spokeswoman for the American Association of Health Plans.A.Gerald D.KleczkaB.John Dl DingellC.Susan M.PisanoD.Stephanie Sue Stein参考答案：C11.Medicare program ____.A.医疗照顾计划B.国土局C.建筑工程参考答案：A12.Which one do you think is more important during a Presidential Election after having read the three pieces of news? ____A.Financial supportB.Religion policyC.Both A and BD.unknown参考答案：C13.It's not the differences in a marriage that cause problems but how a couple handles the difference.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B14.What damaged the caves over the years? ()A.wind, rain and sandD.all of above参考答案：D15.To build a highway is to bring visitors convenience and safety.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B16.ANC stands for ____.A.the African National CongressB.the American National CongressC.the Australian National Congress参考答案：A17.obsession ____.A.thing or person that obsessesB.work hardC.remove or wipe out参考答案：A18.The child born between 1947 and 1961 is frequently referred to as “boomer parents”.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A19.e to an endC.help others参考答案：B20.From this article we know that many ____ are leaving Medicare.A.HMOsB.medical associationC.health groupsD.patients参考答案：A21.What is the State Department’s attitudes towards the reports that the new authorities in Kabul announced their intention of inviting the former Afghan monarch, King Zahir Shah, back to Afghanistan? ()A.The State Department welcomed the reports.B.The State Department opposed the reports.C.The State Department held neutral position.D.Others参考答案：A22.hack ()A.to cut roughly and violentlyB.desperateC.to instist, to state firmly参考答案：A23.On what does China spend the least money? ____A.Overhauling it's command economyB.Dampening rising unemployment参考答案：D24.Who was at the center of the storm? ____A.Edwina CurrieB.Jacques ChiracC.John MajorD.Helmut Kohl参考答案：C25.erode ____.A.be fall in troubleB.to destroy or wear sth away graduallyC.attack abruptly参考答案：B26.offset ____.e to an endB.struggleC.to compensate for sth参考答案：C27.emphatically ()A.intensivelyB.careful, circumspectC.condemn openly as being evil or reprehensible 参考答案：ABy 1997, a University of Michigan study found that the total of homework had climbed to () minutes.A.44B.60C.90D.120参考答案：D29.According to most educators, () is not the virtues of homework.A.building good study habitsB.building time-management skillsC.reinforcing the day’s lessonsD.crying jags参考答案：D30.conceal ()A.to bring great interestsB.to help othersC.to hide, to keep from being seen参考答案：C31.tattered ____.A.well dressedB.ragged, tornC.fashionable参考答案：B32.What is the attitude of Ian Lang toward the secessionist fever? ()A.He supports the secessionist action.D.It is not clear in the text.参考答案：B33.In Hamilton Country, where Westfield sits, the Hispanic population has increased () percent in 10 years.A.70B.31C.143D.58参考答案：C34.U.S. estimates the Taliban now controls the whole country of Afghanistan.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A35.American schools increased homework loads to improve education after 1957 because of the Soviets’ Sputnik launch.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B36.The attitude of the author revealed in the article named “Exploding Tourism Eroding Chines Riches” is ____.A.nostalgiaB.criticalC.pessimisticD.optimistic37.influx ____.A.arrival of people or thingsB.work hardC.surrounding参考答案：A38.Schools attempt to gain an advantage in alumni giving; electivity; SATs and ____.te decisionB.early decisionC.decisionD.the latest decision参考答案：B39.What did Engelhardt advise China to do in a conference last month? ()A.People should clean up the foul air.B.People should take some measures to preserve their heritage.C.People should built more expressway in the sites.D.People should allow more foreigners to visit China.参考答案：B40.It is one of the great strengths of monarchy that it has never taken sides in any political debate, that it shows itself, as an institution, to be evenhanded.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B41.B.graveyardC.give up参考答案：A42.siege ()A.infrastructureB.to rise or fallC.the surrounding and blockading参考答案：C43.Hikers don't like to walking a long way and climbing hills on foot.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A44.decline ()A.to politely refuseB.to politely receiveC.to politely apologize参考答案：A45.appraisal ()A.rucksackB.the act or an instance of appraisingC.irregular swelling参考答案：BInstitute for American Values is a New York-based institute, a non-profit group that promotes the importance of family and fatherhood.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B47.infrastructure ()A.an underlying base or foundationB.hard workC.brief and to the point参考答案：A48.Who is the first Communist ruler of Afghanistan? ____A.DaviesB.RabbaniC.OmarD.Najibullah参考答案：D49.devolution ____.A.to help with othersB.to devote ones heart to sbC.transference of rights参考答案：C50.Public Agenda ____.A.公众议程B.公共设施C.公共交通D.公共日程参考答案：A。
英语报刊选读试题3
英语报刊选读试题3I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. as a tribute to a distinguished graduate2. three years in a row3. a double-digit cut in critical defense research programs4. political lobbying5. electoral college6. harmless entertainment7. have a real problem separating reality from fantasy8. capital punishment9. cram for an exam10. Higher Education Act11. a fellow student of Fisher’s12. the give-and-take of the traditional classroom13. a standard brick-and-mortar university14．Predicting the future takes insight and dedication.15. worth a lot of money for a lot of people16. Don Wise wandered into the living room of his home in Leewood one evening last Semptember. His ten-year-old son, Mike, and a 12-year- old friend were sitting in front of a large-screen television set. They were playing a vedio game they had rented called 007.17. Ms. Stuart says her experience with online learing was wonderful but also served to challenge one of the false ideas about Internet study: the notion that it doesn’t require as much commitment and discipline as conventional classroom courses. If anything,Stuart believes she works harder than most traditional on-site students. She says she can provide firsthand evidence that the idea that distance learning is easy is a misconception.II. Read the short passages and choose the best answer. (2 points for each; 20 points in total)(A)SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico. Howling "like a million ghosts", a hurricane with an eye bigger than the islands it threatened blew into the Caribbean on Tuesday with winds that peaked at 170 miles an hour (270 kilometers an hour).The hurricane, designated Luis, straddled the Lesser Antilles and the Leeward Islands and moved westward toward Puerto Rico, Dominica and Cuba.The full force of the storm, estimated at 700 miles wide, was expected to strike Puerto Rico on Wednesday.High seas a hundred miles away it killed a French tourist in Guadeloupe."I've been in hurricanes, but I've never been in anything this strong before," said Scott Stripling, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service in San Juan.With confirmed wind gusts of up to 160 miles an hour and an eye 60 miles wide, the hurricane threatened even more devastation than the destructive hurricane named Hugo in 1989.As the hurricane bore down Tuesday on Barbuda, a tiny island of 1,400 people, winds of at least 146 miles an hour knocked out US wind measuring instruments on neighboring Antigua, 25 miles to the south. There was an unofficial report of gusts up to 175 miles an hour on Antigua."It's like a million ghosts howling outside," said Jackie Butler, who teaches inDavie, in south Florida. She got caught while vacationing in Barbuda with her husband and five children, including their 2-month-old daughter.Antigua government radio went off the air early Tuesday. Listeners switched to the Baptist station, Radio Lighthouse, which continued broadcasting warnings and news that some roofs had been blown off and many telephone lines downed.1. A storm with winds of up to 170 miles an hour the Caribbean.A. blew intoB. is expected to threatenC. moved westwards towards2. The hurricane, named could be more destructive than the one in 1989.A. LiusB. HugoC. Barbuda3. Winds knocked out .A. a French touristB. a US meteorologistC. US wind-measuring instruments4. Jackie Butler in Barbuda.A. got caught in the hurricaneB. was staying with her childrenC. teaches5. continued broadcasting warnings and news.A. The government radioB. The Baptist stationC. National Weather Service（B）CORTE, Corsica - A Corsican nationalist was shot dead and his wife was badly wounded here Thursday, bringing to three the number of pro-independence militants killed in less than 24 hours.Noel Sargentini, about 30 years old, was killed when two gunmen opened fire as he drove his car in this northern Corsican town. Both he and his wife, Dominique, were members of the Cuncolta Nziunalista, one of the two main nationalist movements campaigning for independence from France.The police said the Sargentinis were overtaken by another car that blocked the road. Two gunmen got out and fired through the couple's windshield.Mr. Sargentini died from bullets to the head and chest. His wife was hit by two bullets in the hip but was said to be out of danger.Ten people have been shot and killed this year, seven of them since July 13, in a growing feud between the Cuncolta and its rival, the Movement for Self-Determination. The two groups are off-shoots of the banned Corsican National Liberation Front.In the northern port of Bastia Wednesday evening, Pierre Albertini, 34, was killed in a gun battle in which he managed to wound one of his assailants fatally.Mr. Albertini, a member of the Movement for Self-Determination, was walking on a main street when three cars pulled up in front of him and the occupants began shooting. He fired back with his Uzi machine-pistol and wounded one of them, Pierre Duriani,24, before being hit in the heart. Mr. Duriani, a Cuncolta militant, died later in a hospital.6. shot dead on Thursday.A. A Corsican nationalist wasB. A Corsican couple wereC. Three Corsican nationalists were7. as he drove his car in a northern Corsican town.A. Two gunmen opened fire at Noel Sargentini's wifeB. Noel Sargentini was killedC. Two gunmen shot Noel Sargentini dead8. There is a growing feud between .A. the Cuncolta and the Corsican National Liberation FrontB. the Movement for self-Determination and Corsican National Liberation FrontC. the Cuncoita and the Movement for Self-Determination9. On Wednesday evening, a gun battle also killed .A. a manB. two menC. seven people10. began shooting at Albertini as he was walking on a main street.A. Three menB. The occupants in the three carsC. Three cars stopped and peopleIII. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.(4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lessons of Heart Disease, Learned and Ignored‘Time Is Muscle’At least half of all patients never call an ambulance. Instead, in the throes of a heart attack, they drive themselves to the emergency room or are driven there by a friend or family member. Or they take a taxi. Or they walk.Patients often say they were embarrassed by the thought of an ambulance arriving at their door.“Calling 911 seems like such a project,” Mr. Orr said. “I reserve it for car accidents and exploding appliances. I feel like if I can walk and talk and breathe I should just get here.”It is an understandable response, but one that can be fatal, cardiologists say.“If you come to the hospital unannounced or if you drive yourself there, (1) you’re burning time,” Dr. Antman said. “And time is muscle,” he added, meaning that (2) heart muscle is dying as the minutes tick away.There may be false alarms, Dr. Sopko said.“But it is better to be checked out and find out it’s not a problem than to have a problem and not have the therapy,” he said.Calling an ambulance promptly is only part of the issue, heart researchers say. There also is the question of how, or even whether, the patient gets either of two types of treatment to open the blocked arteries, known as reperfusion therapy.One is to open arteries with a clot-dissolving drug like TPA, for tissue plasminogen activator.“These have been breakthrough therapies,” said Dr. Joseph P. Ornato, a cardiologist and emergency medicine specialist who is medical director for the City of Richmond, Va. “But the hooker is that even the best of the clot buster drugs typically only open up 60 to 70 percent of blocked arteries —nowhere close to 100 percent.”The drugs also make patients vulnerable to bleeding, Dr. Ornato said.One in 200 patients bleeds into the brain, having a stroke from the treatment meant to save the heart.The other way is with (3) angioplasty, the procedure Mr. Orr got. Cardiologists say it is the preferred method under ideal circumstances.(4) Stents have recently been questioned for those who are just having symptoms like shortness of breath. In those cases, drugs often work as well as stents. But during a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents are the best way to open arteries and prevent damage. That, though, requires a cardiac catheterization laboratory, practiced doctors and staff on call 24 hours a day. The result is that few get this treatment.“We now are seeing really phenomenal results in experienced hands,” Dr. Ornato said. “We can open 95 to 96 percent of arteries, and bleeding in the brain is virtually unheard of. It’s a safer route if it is done by very experienced people and if it is done promptly. Those are big ifs.”The ifs were not a problem for Mr. Orr. His decision to go to Brigham and Women’s Hospital proved exactly right. But he did not know that when he chose the hospital —he chose it because (5) his doctor was affiliated with Brigham.1. “You are burning time” meansA you are wasting timeB you are using timeC you are flaming time2. “heart muscle is dying as the minutes tick away” means except __ __.A. As time slip by, the heart muscle stop its working.B . As every minute pass by, the heart muscle becomes weaker.C. As time goes on, the heart muscle lose its function suddenly.3. Which of the following is FalseA. The cardiologist is not in favor of the idea that patients drive themselves to the hospital.B. Patients feel it is a shame to call .C. Calling an ambulance promptly is the most important thing when the heart attacks.4. Which of the following is true according to the passageA. During a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents work as well as drugs.B. The preferred method under ideal circumstances is with angioplasty.C. Doctors are seeing really temporary results in experienced people.5. “ his doctor was affiliated with Brigham” means .A. His doctor was angry with Brigham.B. His doctor inferior to Brigham.C. His doctor has connection with BrighamIV. Read the following passage and then translate the underlined sentences. (4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lobbyists Out of Shadows into The SpotlightRecent years have seen an exploration in the number of advocates hired by corporations, labor unions, individuals and other special interests who want to influence actions of the White House, Congress and regulatory agencies Who are these people How do they earn their pay How effective are theyLobbying, a practice as old as the nation’s government, got its name from the cozyrelationship struck up in lobbies of the Capitol and nearby hotels between members of Congress and those seeking favor.. In the early days, companies would often seal the vote of a politician by simply putting him on retainer.(1)Lobbyists quickly developed an unsavory reputation of being bagmen who conducted the people’s business around the poker table. Despite periodic scandals and demands for reform, Congress has been reluctant to tamper with laws guaranteeing the right of citizens to petition the government.(2)Lobbyists come in a variety of guises, but lawyers, trade-association representatives and public relations consultants dominates the field.(3)A number of lobbyists previously served in key government posts. The roster includes more than 300 former member of Congress, cabinet and White House officials and congressional aides.Lobby firms come in all sizes. For every large lobbying firm doing business out of a plushy downtown building, there are scores of tiny operations that often deal in specialized issues. Stanley Brand says of his small outfits: “We can be a lot more efficient than the large firms, and some clients aren’t always interested in the large hitters.Lobbying is big money. A high-powered organization will charge an annual retainer of $ 200,000 or more. To put a premium on winning, some contracts include “success bonus” clauses. With millions or even billions of dollars on the line in bills before Congress, the stake run high.Lobbyists often are hired not so much to influence officials as to find out what is going on in Washington that could affect a client. Mounting a drive to get voters to work on members of Congress through letters, telephone calls and personal visits can have enormous impact.Lobbying is a two-way street. When they are not busy trying to sway the views of politicians, the lobbyists are engaged in raising campaign money for those same politicians. Lobbyists, like members of most professions, have their intramural quarrels..Where lobbyists used to avoid notoriety and preferred to work behind the scenes,many seek publicity as a useful tool. The Watergate era put a stop to all the underground games being played, so they came out of the closet. (4) Whether they work offstage or in the spotlight, lobbyists promise to continue exerting a powerful influence as long as there’s a Washington.（5）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)附：参考答案I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. 作为对一位著名毕业生表达敬意的方式2. 连续三年3. 关键防卫研究项目上两位数的削减4. 政治游说5. 选举团6. 无害的娱乐7. 实在难以分清现实与幻想8. 死刑，极刑9. 突击学习备考10. 高等教育法11. 费舍尔的一个同学12. 传统课堂的师生交流13. 标准的现实学校14．预测未来需要洞察力和专注15. 对许多人来说，需要花很多钱16. 去年九月的一个傍晚唐怀斯走进自己在李武德的家里的客厅。
同济大学英语报刊选读复习资料(题型+重点+缩略词+网络版重点)
期末考试题型：1.Re-organizing sentences for a news report (10%)2.Matching headlines to lead paragraphs (10%)3.True or False questions about English journalism (cf. Appendix I below) (10%)4.Reading Comprehension (3 passages with 15 multiple-choice questions) (30%)5.Abbreviations in News reports (complete forms +Chinese translation) (10%)6.News Headline Analysis (10%) （Analyzing the stylistic features of 3 news headlines）7.News comment writing (20%) (about 200 words)1.Definition of journalism, medium, news报刊（p1）、媒介（p2）、新闻（p4）的定义2.Functions of mass communication vs functions of newspaper大众传播工具（p2）与报纸（p1）的功能3.News value; public interest; principles of newsworthiness新闻价值；公众兴趣；衡量新闻价值的原则（p4）4.Classification of news新闻的分类（p6）5.Five basic elements of news新闻的五个基本要素（p6）6.Legal concerns; codes of ethics法律关系；道德规范（p7）(General knowledge is enough. No need for word by word memorization.)（一般知识就够了。
《英语报刊选读》期末考试试卷附答案
《英语报刊选读》期末考试试卷附答案一、将下列所给的英语名词翻译成中文。
（15小题*2=30）1．The House of Lords2．Social Security3．Capitol Hill4．Speaker5．Fund —raising party6．Senior citizen7．Westinghouse Science Talent Search8．Asia —Pacific summit9．Sovereignty10．British Foreign Secretary11．Christian12．economic recession13．royal family14．the Commonwealth15．spokesman二、报刊阅读题。
Campaign strategists have agreed to focus to focus on the Senate, where leaders hope to complete work on the budget package by May 1. “We felt that if the Senate defeated the proposal, it would not even come up in the House,”says John Rot her, legislative director for the 18—million —member American Association of Retired persons.Targeted mainly are Republicans, who control the Senate, with particular emphasis on the 21 who face re—election next year. The next election looms large in the lobbyists’strategy. “We shall not forget if Congree haves in an unfriendly fashion to the senior citizens of the United States,”warns Jacob Clay man, president of the NCSC, which represents 4.5 million persons. “We shall remember—and 1986 is just around the corner.”Eric Shulman, legislative director for the NCSC, explains: “Those up forreelection will have their ears closest to the ground—and we are making as much of a rumble as we can. We see this issue being won or lost not in Washington but out in the countryside.”Adds Arthur Flemming, former U. S. commissioner on aging and now a lobbyist for the elderly:”“It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”I ．单项选择题。
英美报刊选读复习题
英美报刊选读复习题一、Reading ComprehensionPassage 1It was not “the comet of the century” experts predicted it might be. Nevertheless, Kohoutek has provided a bonanza of scientific information. It was first spotted 370 million miles from the earth, by an astronomer who was searching sky for asteroids, and after whom the comet was named. Scientists who traced Kohoutek ten month before it passed the earth predicted the comet would be a brilliant spectacle. But Kohoutek fell short of this prediction, disappointing millions of amateur sky watchers, when it proved too pale to be seen with the unaided eye. Researchers were delighted nonetheless with the new information they were able to glean from their investigation of the comet. Perhaps the most significant discovery was the identification of two important chemical compounds-methyl cyanide and hydrogen cyanide-never seen in comets before, but found in the far reaches of interstellar space. This discovery revealed new clues about the origin of comets. Most astronomers agree that comets are primordial remnant from the formation of the solar system, but whether they were born between Jupiter and Neptune or much farther out toward interstellar space has been the subject of much debate. If compounds no more complex than ammonia and methane key components of Jupiter, were see in comets, it would suggest that comets form within the planetary orbits. But more complex compounds, such as the methyl cyanide found in Kotoutek, point to formation far beyond the planets; there the deep freeze at space has kept them unchanged.1. What is the subject of the passage?( )a. What was learned from Kohoutek.b. What was disappointing about Kohoutek.c. Where Kohoutek was spotted. d. How Kohoutek was tracked.2. Why was Kohoutek referred to as the comet of the century? ( )a. It was thought to be extremely old.b. It passes the earth once a century.c. Scientists predicted is would be very bright.d. Scientists have been tracking it for a century.3. In what respect was Kohoutek a disappointment?( )a. It could be seen only through special equipment.b. It did not approach the earth.c. It did not provide valuable scientific information.d. It was moving too rapidly for scientists to photograph.4. Before the investigation on Kotoutek, where had methyl cyanide been known to exist?( )a. In comets.b. On asteroids.c. Between Jupiter and Neptune.d. Beyond the solar system.5. According to the passage, what is one major component of Jupiter? ( )a. Hydrogen cyanide.b. Methyl cyanide.c. Hydrogen.d. Ammonia.6. What aspect of Kohoutek did scientists find most interesting?( )a. Its shape.b. Its composition.c. Its orbit.d. Its size.7. Which of the following question is best answered by information gained from Kohoutek?( )a. Where were comets formed?b. When were comets formed?c. When was the solar system formed?d. How was the solar system formed?Passag2The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihood of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-to-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed “intuition” to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty and surprise, and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality. Other view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive process of senior managers reveals that managers intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha" experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these method which run counter their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that “thinking” is inseparable from a cting. Sincemanagers often “know” what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. An analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking action cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issuer One implication of thinking acting cycle is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just implementing the solution.1. According to the passage, senior manager use intuition in all of the following ways except to .A. speed up the creation of a solution to a problemB. identify a problemC. bring together disparate factsD. stipulate clear goal2. The passage suggests which of the following about the “writers on management” mentioned in line 11?A. They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.B. They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.C. They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.D. They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3. Which of the following best exemplifies “an ‘Aha’ experience”?A. A manager risks raking an action whose outcome is unpredictable to discover whether the action changes the problems at hand.B. A manager performs well-learned and familiar Behavior patterns in creative and uncharacteristic ways to solve a problem.C. A manager suddenly connects seemingly unrelated facts and experiences to create a pattern relevant to the problem athand.D. A manager rapidly identifies the methodology used to compile data yielded by systematic analysis4. According to the passage the classical model of decision analysis includes all the following except ___________.A. evaluation of problemB. creation of clear goals to be reached by the decisionC. establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decisionD. action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem5. It can be inferred from the passage that which the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis?A Manager X analyzes first and then acts; Manager Y does notB. Manager X checks possible solution to a problem by systhematic analysis; Manager does not.C.Manager X takes actionin orde to arrive at the solution to a problem; Manager Y does not.D. Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to a problem; Manager X does not.6. It can be inferred from the passage that thinking/acting cycles (line 5, last paragraph) in managerial practice would be likely to result in which of the followingⅠ. A manager analyzes a network of problem and then acts on the basis of that analysis.Ⅱ. A manager gathers data by acting and observing the effects of actionⅢ. A manager takes action without being able to articulate reasons for that particular action.A. I only.B. Ⅱonly.C. Ⅰand Ⅱ.D. Ⅱand Ⅲ.7. The passage provides support for which of the following statements?A. Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.B. Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.C. Managers' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skillsD. Intuition rabies managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.8. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the passage?A. An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is givenB. A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.C. The results of recent research are introduced and evaluated.D. Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.Passag3Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem – how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs 电灯and refrigerators冰箱as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings – theaters and offices as well as classrooms – are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter . The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces . It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius.1. What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh?A. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.B. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature inside.C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.2. According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used __ ______.A. to provide a special form of air-conditioningB. to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to find out the source of heatD. to collect heat and reuse it3. The phrase “the hottest prospect” in this passage refers to __ ______.A. the person who suffers most from heatB. the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heatD. the person who make better use of body heat4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage?A. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.B. The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.C. A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.D. A large and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.5. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?A. Recovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building's Heat SystemB. Body Heat and Sex D. Ways of Heating Buildings二、Translate the following sentences:1.Crackdown on loan repayment penaltiesPeople who repay loans early will get a fairer deal under changes outlined today.2.Hong Kong was hit hard by Sars and had a difficult year but is ‘bouncing back’, Prime Minister Tony Blair has said during his visit to the region.3.Extra places confirm faith in foundation degreesThere will be an extra 10,000 places on foundation degree courses next year, giving more people a chance to study for a vocationally-focused higher education qualification.三、Read the following short passages and choose the best answer.Passage 1GENEV A-A 38-year-old Spanish man briefly hijacked 抢劫a French airliner on Majorca Sunday and threatened to blow it up to protest 抗议France's plans to resume nuclear testing, then surrendered in投降放弃Geneva without a struggle after releasing 298 passengers and crew. An official at Geneva's Cointrin Airport described the man as unbalanced. ( )A .A Spanish man hijacked a French airline to protest France's nuclear testing.B. A Spanish man who had threatened to blow up a French airline surrendered in Geneva.C. A Spanish man who had hijacked a French airline surrendered in Geneva.Passage 2TOKYO-When Compaq Computers康帕电脑and Dell Computer invaded 进入the Japanese market three years age with personal computers selling for half the price of the local varieties当地品种, rival竞争对手Japanese companies braced for trouble准备应付动乱. But instead of killing the Japanese personal computer industry, the American onslaught猛攻liberated 放纵it. Proceed by wh at is known as the “Compaq Shock康帕冲击,” Japanese manufacturers have become fiercer competitors, cutting their prices drastically. The result has been a boom in sales that is benefiting the Japanese manufacturers as much as the Americans. ( )A. American and Japanese computer companies compete to win the Japanese market.B. “Compaq Shock,” has benefited Japanese market.C. Fierce competition between American and Japanese computer companies has helped the computer sales boom in Japan.Passage 3PARIS-A bomb 炸弹exploded at a crowded street market in Paris near the Place de la Bastille Sunday morning, leaving four people slightly hurt. The police said that the bomb, packed into a pressure cooker and hidden in a bag under a vegetable stand, did not cause greater damage because of a malfunction.功能失常But the incident clearly left a deep impact onGovernment officials who are facing what they believe to be a campaign of terrorism directed by Islamic militants from Algeria. Police did not immediately link the bomb to three devices planted in recent weeks, which killed seven and wounded scores of others in Paris. ( )A .A bomb blast at a Paris market hurt four people.B. four people were injured in a crowded street market in Paris..C. Terrorists planted in bomb in Paris that wounded四、cloze:A contract is an agreement between two or more people (1) ________ one person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by (2) ________. Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both (3) ________. It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by one person in (4) _______ for what is given or done by the other. If one person does (5) ________ was promised and the other does not, that other may be sued in court and required by court order to make good. He or she (6) ________ also to be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things (7) ________ by both parties must be stated in definite terms (8) ________ the court will hold that the contract is (9) ________ vague and general to be enforced. (10) ________, the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.( )1. A. in which B. which C. that D. on that( )2. A. another B. other C. the other D. others( )3. A. parts B. people C. parties D. aspects( )4. A. replace B. change C. payment D. exchange( )5. A. that B. what C. the thing D. something( )6. A. need B. has C. ought D. may( )7. A. to be done B. to do C. done D. being done( )8. A. and B. or C. else D. so( )9. A. so B. too C. rather D. over( )10. A. Similar B. The same C. Similarly D. Too英美报刊选读复习题答案一、Reading ComprehensionPassage 1：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.APassage 2：1.D 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.BPassage 3：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A二、Translate the following sentences:1．严罚贷款不偿还行为今天已提出纲要对提前偿还贷款者将获相当的报酬2．Tony Blair在访问这一地区时说：香港因SARS遭受巨大打击，度过重重困难岁月，但目前经济已经回升。
英语报刊选读试题
1. What is news? What are some categories of news?A folk definition:News is something that you haven’t heard before;news is what editors and reporters say it is.A more accurate definition:News is information that is published in mass media about recent events in the country or world or in a particular area of activity.In terms of style: spot news, news features, etc.In terms of nature: political, economic, sports, cultural, etc.In terms of area: international, domestic, local, etc.In terms of timeliness: hard news Vs soft news.2. What is news value? What are some basic elements of news value? News value refers to the importance of the facts and details in the news that can satisfy the public’s interest in news. Public interest means the degree of attention the readers pay to the news reports.Basic elements:Timeliness: Freshness strengthens a new story.Proximity: Close-to-home events naturally are of interest to media outlets. Conflict: Whether it revolves people, governmental bodies, or sports teams, conflict is considered newsworthy.Eminence or prominence: Some happening simply are more newsworthy when well-known people are involved.Consequence or impact: Media give prominent play to these.Human interest: Human interest stories often appeal to the emotions of readers, pulling them into the lives of others or into subjects of broad concern.3. What are the functions of newspaper?1. To inform, giving readers the latest news. The dissemination of information must be objective, as far as possible without some sort of perspective; information must be accurate, can’t spread the information that listening to or the first second-hand materials; message should be as complete as possible, or keep up after the development.2. To influence. Newspaper articles or news on the general public has a great influence on the editorial or commentary point of view, it can be something about the public's view.3. To entertain. Newspapers can have on the entertainment pages. You can also publish comic books, comic strips, and even novels, essays and so on. These are for people to read tea recreational.4. To advertise. Advertising In addition to timely delivery of a variety of information, but more importantly, for the newspaper to bring economic revenue.4. What are the features of a front page in a newspaper?(1). A lead storythe most important political, economic and/or military event, sometimes accompanied by a relevant photo.(2). News index or briefon the side or bottom part of the front page.(3). The headlinesbrief but impactive (How to achieve this goal?)(4). Often with few or even no advertisements5. What are the features of headlines in Lexis, Grammar and Rhetoric? Lexical:Small words and abbreviations instead of big, complete ones;Choice of words in headlines — style and purpose.Grammatical:Omission of link verbs such as BE;Infinitives for future events; Phrases as headlines;Present tense for past events;Pre-modification Rhetorical:Parody (仿拟):Temporary transformation allusions, proverbs, famous sayings;Metaphor (隐喻)6. How do news magazines differ from newspaper in layout and news coverage?Articles in a magazine do not merely tell the readers 5ws but provide them with a perfect taste of an art of language. Many narrative and delayed leads, detailed descriptions and the consequences of the events are offered in an article of magazine, accompanied by captions and photos and titles. Every issue has fixed columns. Cover story is the most import news item in a magazine.The news magazines usually have larger space, longer time interval to report more specifically(details), and print eye-catching photos of each article, fixed section.7. What is news lead? What are direct lead and delayed lead?News leads ——the first a few paragraphs which indicate the five Ws and an H (WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY, HOW ) of the news story.Direct leadA direct lead tells readers the most important aspect of the story (the five Ws) in a direct and stra ightforward way, and is often used in “hard news” . Delayed leadDelayed lead A delayed lead attracts readers by hinting the content of the story. It is usually found in news features and other “soft stories” that put more emphasis on human interest rather than timeliness of an event.A delayed lead usually sets a scene or evokes a mood with an incident, anecdote, or example.8. What is the body structure of a news story? What are advantages of it? Inverted pyramid (also called “inverted triangle”)—— the most important aspect of a story is higher up in the body of the story, while other information is written lower down in order of importance. Advantages:1. Easy for journalists to write, since the structure is clear.2. Easy for editors to modify, since the lower parts are less important thuscan be readily cut off if necessary.3. Easy for readers to grasp the main idea and decide whether to read on--- time is money!9. What are the difference between tabloids and broadsheets? (at first four aspects)Tabloids：①Headlines are typed in bold print and may extend across the whole page. They are often capitalized. ②Paragraphs are usually only a few lines long. ③The typographical features are very varied: the first paragraph uses larger print and is often bold; the second paragraph is slightly smaller, the third paragraph uses standard print size. Initial letters are usually large.④Punctuation is used sparingly. Commas are often omitted after initialadverbials and between strings of adjectives. Inverted commas are used to mark direct speech and to highlight key words.Broadsheets:①Headlines usually only extend over two columns, the print tends to besmaller. Front page headlines, however, are sometimes an exception.②Paragraphs are longer so the reader has to concentrate for longer periods oftime.③The typographical features are more standard. The same size of print isused throughout except for headlines, strap lines and sub-headlines.④Punctuation is used traditionally and more formally than in tabloids. Dashesare less frequent.10. What are the main functions of mass communication for society?⑴.Surveillance: facts and data;⑵. Interpretation: information on the ultimate meaning and significance of news events;⑶. Transmission of values: The mass media present portrayals of our society and by;⑷. Diversion: ①seeking relief from boredom or the routine activities of everyday life; ②relaxation or escape from the pressures and problems of day to day existence; ③emotional release of pent-up emotions and energy⑸. Linkage: the media function that addresses our need to strengthen our contact with family, friends, and others in our society.11. How to deal with new words in reading newspapers and magazines?⑴. Try to find some help from the author⑵. Try to find some help from word formation⑶. Try to find some help from context and common knowledge12. What is communication? What are the forms of communication? Communication:the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others in a particular time and place.Forms of communication:verbal communication, nonverbal communication, visual communication, electronic communication.13. What is the code of ethics for journalists?①Responsibility: Journalists should not use their professional status as representatives of the public for selfish or other unworthy motives.②Freedom of the press: Journalists should be free from government control or censorship.③Accuracy and objectivity: truth is the ultimate goal, objectivity in reporting the news is another goal.14. What is journalism? What does the study of journalism include?In a narrow sense, journalism is the collection and periodical publishing of news. It includes writing for, editing, and managing such media as the newspaper and the periodical. In other words, it means gathering, evaluating, and disseminating facts of current interest.In a broad sense, journalism is the gathering and transmission of news, business management of journals, and advertising in all its phases. And following the advent of radio and television, there was trend toward including all communication dealing with current affairs in the term of journalism.15. What is the definition of news agency? What are the major news agencies in America and Britain?News agencies are organizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media.America: the Associated Press (AP)美联社; the United Press International (UPI)Britain: Reuters 路透社16. What are the benefits obtained via appreciating the language of English news?Some benefits ——⑴.Acquire latest information (90%)⑵.Understand the fundamentals of English journalism⑶.Know about the different styles of English newspapers and magazines⑷.Improve one’s English competence17. What is privacy? What actions can be regarded as invasion of privacy?Privacy: The right of the individual to be protected against intrusion into his personal life or affairs, or those of his family, by direct physical means or by publication of information.①A TV news crew hiding in a van outside your room and secretly taping your activities while you were inside.(But it’s a different story for public figures such as superstar and politicians.)②A newspaper publishing private medical records that a person has a dreadful disease.18. Give a brief account of the general communication process.The sources encode information and send it to the receivers through the channel, during this process the information will become a message with some noises. The receivers decode the message to get the information and then may become new sources.19. What is Yellow Journalism?Yellow Journalism, in short, is biased opinion masquerading as objective fact. Moreover, the practice of yellow journalism involved sensationalism, distorted stories, and misleading images for the sole purpose of boosting newspaper sales and exciting public opinion. It was particularly indicative of two papers founded and popularized in USA in the late 19th century:The New York World -- J. Pulitzer and The New York Journal -- W. R. Hearst.20. What is hard news? What is soft news? How to distinguish between them?Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-minute news and events that are reported promptly.Soft news is background information or human-interest stories, which appeal to people’s curiosity, sympathy, skepticism, or amazement.H v S:1. Difference in the subject matterPolitics, war, economics and crime used to be considered hard news, while arts, entertainment and lifestyles were considered soft news.②The tone of presentationA hard news story takes a factual approach: What happened? Who was involved? Where and When did it happen? Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader. You may have come across newspaper or TV stori es that promised “News you will use”.。
英语报刊选读练习题
英语报刊选读练习题IntroductionWith the increasing complexity and globalization of our world, it has become essential for individuals to develop strong English language skills. Reading English newspapers and magazines is an effective way to improve language proficiency and keep up with current affairs. In this article, we present a selection of exercises based on English newspaper articles, providing readers with an opportunity to practice their reading comprehension skills while gaining valuable knowledge.Exercise 1: Multiple ChoiceRead the following short news article and choose the correct answer from the options provided:[News Article]Title: "World Leaders Gather for Climate Summit"Date: October 15, 2022World leaders from over 100 countries are convening in New York today for the highly anticipated Global Climate Summit. The summit aims to address the urgent issue of climate change and explore solutions to reduce carbon emissions. Key topics on the agenda include renewable energy strategies, international cooperation, and environmental policies.Question:1. What is the purpose of the Global Climate Summit?A. To discuss strategies for reducing carbon emissionsB. To address environmental policies in New YorkC. To promote cooperation between world leadersD. To explore solutions for energy conservationAnswer: AExercise 2: Fill in the BlanksComplete the following article by filling in the blanks with the appropriate words from the given options:[Article]Title: "New Study Reveals Benefits of Exercise for Mental Health"According to a recent (1)_______ conducted by the University of London, regular physical exercise is closely linked to improved mental well-being. The study involved over 1,000 participants and found that those who engaged in exercise at least three times a week reported lower levels of stress and (2)_______ symptoms.The researchers emphasized that the type of exercise doesn't necessarily matter as long as it is done (3)_______. Activities such as walking, cycling, or even gardening have been shown to have positive effects on mental health. Experts recommend finding an activity that one enjoys to increase the likelihood of (4)_______ the exercise routine.(5)_______, it is important to note that exercise alone does not replace professional treatments for mental health conditions. However, incorporatingregular physical activity into one's lifestyle can serve as a (6)_______ that complements existing therapies.1. A. investigation B. examination C. survey D. research2. A. palpable B. evident C. glaring D. obvious3. A. rhythmically B. periodically C. consistently D. regularly4. A. maintaining B. retaining C. sustaining D. upholding5. A. On the other hand B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Nonetheless6. A. supplement B. substitute C. substitute D. complementAnswers:1. D2. B3. C4. A5. C6. DExercise 3: True or FalseRead the newspaper excerpt below and determine whether the statements are true or false:[News Excerpt]Title: "New Technology Revolutionizes Food Delivery"A breakthrough in autonomous vehicle technology is set to revolutionize the food delivery industry. Self-driving cars equipped with cutting-edge software will soon deliver food orders directly to customers' homes. The technology aims to reduce delivery time and increase efficiency.Statements:1. Autonomous vehicle technology is expected to transform food delivery. (True/False)2. Self-driving cars will only deliver food to restaurants. (True/False)3. The primary objective of the technology is to improve delivery efficiency. (True/False)Answers:1. True2. False3. TrueConclusionEngaging in regular reading exercises based on English newspaper articles can significantly enhance one's language skills and broaden their understanding of current events. By practicing multiple-choice questions,fill-in-the-blanks exercises, and true/false statements, readers can improve their reading comprehension abilities while staying informed about a variety of topics. So, pick up a newspaper or magazine and start practicing!。
英语报刊选读试题1
英语报刊选读试题 1I. Translate the following into Chinese. (5 points for each; 30 points in total)1. Ms. Stuart says her experience with online learing was wonderful but also served to challenge one of the false ideas about Internet study: the notion that it do esn’t require as much commitment and discipline as conventional classroom courses. If anything, Stuart believes she works harder than most traditional on-site students. She says she can provide firsthand evidence that the idea that distance learning is easy is a misconception.2. The cover story of this winter’s alumni bulletin, which was designed partly by the University of California’s government relations office in Washington, was also a shrewd ploy to cement relations with Jerry Lewis, who is a key member of the House Appropriations Committee.3. Individual professors and college administrators have also been increasing their political donations, according to the Center for Responsive Politics. Gifts by university employees to presidential candidates totaled more than ＄2.4 million in the first three quarters of 2003, according to the center. The leading recipient was HowardDean, who collected ＄719, 000, and close behind was George W. Bush, who received ＄680, 000.4. In effect, the Bush doctrine establishes two classes of sovereignties: the sovereignty of the United States, which takes precedence over international treaties and obligations; and the sovereignty of all other countries, which is subject to the will of the United States. This is reminiscent of Geo rge Orwell’s Animal Farm: all animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.5. Colleges and universities still shy away from organized political fundraising and campaign advertising –the stock in trade of modern lobbying. Nonprofit status or state laws prohibit many of them from engaging in it.6. Don Wise wandered into the living room of his home in Leewood one evening last Semptember. His ten-year-old son, Mike, and a 12-year- old friend were sitting in front of a large-screen television set. They were playing a vedio game they had rented called 007.II. Read the passage and choose the right answer to each question.（5 points for each; 20 points in total）Campaign strategists have agreed to focus on the Senate, where leaders hope to complete work on the budget package by May 1. “We felt that if the Senate defeated the proposal, it would not even come up in the House,” says John Rother, legislative director for the 18-million-member American Association of Retired persons.Targeted mainly are Republicans, who control the Senate, with particular emphasis on the 21 who face re-election next year. The next election looms l arge in the lobbyists’ strategy. “We shall not forget if Congress behaves in an unfriendly fashion to the senior citizens of the United States,” warns Jacob Clay man, president of the NCSC, which represents 4.5 million persons. “We shall remember—and 1986 is just around the corner.”Eric Shulman, legislative director for the NCSC, explains: “Those up for reelection will have their ears closest to the ground—and we are making as much of a rumble as we can. We see this issue being won or lost not in Washington but out in the countryside.” Adds Arthur Flemming, former U. S. commissioner on aging and now a lobbyist for the elderly:” “It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”1．In the sentence“…… where leaders hope to complete… ,”leaders refer to .A．House leaders B．floor leadersC．Congressional D．Senate leaders2．In the sentence “… it would not even come up in the House …,”the House ref ers to .A．the House of CommonsB．the House of RepresentativesC．the House of LordsD．the Senate3．Why does the author say, “Targarted mainly are Republicans who cantrol the Senate …?”It is .A．so said because the Democrats hold more seats in the SenateB．so said because the Republicans hold more seats in the SenateC．so said because the Republicans hold fewer seats in the SenateD．so said because the Republicans Party holds more congressional seats4．In the sentence “It’s the gras s roots that convey the message most effectively,”grass roots refer to .A．ordinary citizens or voters B．basic structuresC．politicians D．CongressmenIII．Read the following and answer questions.（10 points for each; 50 points in total）Blacks’ history in America (1660—1860)American Blacks are without doubt all of African origin. The first group of 20 Blacks sold to English settlers of Virginia in 1619 were brought in by a Dutch ship. From that time to the mid-19th century, some 14 million blacks were transported from West Africa to Virginia and other southern colonies of the New World. Almost all of themwere sold into slavery and subjected to white rule. Not only would they work for their masters as slaves for life but their descendants would also become slaves the moment they were born.Of course no person would have voluntarily chosen to be sold away from his native country. He was either sold by his own rulers or captured by white slave traders as portrayed in Alex Hale y’s noval Roots. Some of the details in Haley’s story were similar to those in other books. The kidnapping of slaves and their miserable life under the supervision of slave owners and overseers existed and the conditions on the voyage from Africa to Americ a were horrible. The slaves’ bodies were bound together and their limbs either tied or chained with shackles like Kunta, an important character in Roots. The air in the holds was filthy with the smell of sweat, vormit and body waste. When they caught infections diseases, many slaves died on the voyage. Some even died of flogging or starvation. It was said that only about half slaves could survive the voyage. Though some survived, the fate of those survivors was no better than being sold at auction like animals.After 1700, a large number of Africans arrived in America. In the first half of the century, they made up 20 percent of the colonial population. Many of them were in the southern colonies. They worked either on plantations or in houses. Then in 1793, the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney resulted in a new demand for more slaves as it provided an inexpensive method of separating cotton seeds from fibres. With the increase in cotton acreage, slavery persisted in the South and became the foundation of its economy.Slavery was anyhow a moral evil. It was inhuman and was also an institution restricting the development of industry. Many people, mostly people in the North desired an immediate end to the evil institution so that they would be able to develop industry. Some assumed that the only way to solve the problem was to ship all Blacks back to Africa. With the aid of such leading figures as James Monroe (president), John Marshall (Supreme Court justice), Henry Clay and Daniel Webster (senators),t hey established the American Colonization Society in the 1820’s. This organization was finally successful in getting some land in West Africa for those willing to go back home, thus forming the new nation: the Republic of Liberia, the place of freedom. They named its capital Monrovia after the U. S. president at the time. However, the resettlement policy did little to solve the dilemma. No more than 15,000 Blacks returned to Africa between 1821 and 1860; most of the others preferred to stay in the places they had been born. Those rejecting the policy of being sent home claimed American citizenship on the ground that they were Americans by birth so that they were entitled to the rights set forth in the Declaration of independence.Questions:1．How did the first group of Blacks arrive in America?2．Describe the voyage to America for the slaves on the ship.3．Where did many of the slaves settle? why ?4．What solution did President Monroe propose to solve the problem of slavery? 5．What does the Republic of Liberia mean?附：参考答案I. Translate the following into Chinese. (5 points for each; 30 points in total)1. 斯图亚特女士说她在线学习的经历（经验）很有意义，但也能挑战关于网上学习的一个不实的看法，即认为网上学习不需要像传统课堂上课那样的身心投入和纪律约束的想法。
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Exercises on News Publications(2) I． Put the following terms into Chinese1. Weekly News2. New York Daily News3. Wall Street Journal4. San Francisco Chronicle5. Fortune6. Reader’s Digest7. Financial Times8. Morning Star9. Independent10. Boston Globe11.Guardian12. Economist13. National Geographic14. Times15. Newsweek16. Daily Star17. Spectator18. Daily Telegraph19. Family Circle20. People Weekly21. Chicago Sun-Times22. Dalas Morning News23. Business Week24. Newsweek25. Daily Star26 American Legion27. Tribune28. The Sun29. Time30. Far Eastern Economic ReviewII. Write out the full name of the following initials and put them into Chinese respectively1. VOA2. APEC3. SC(UN)4. OPEC5. UNESCO6. IMF7. EC/EU8. NATO9. WEU10. CIS11. WTO12. EP13. WIPO14. CD15. TC16. G-717. UN18. IOC19. ADB20. CE21． AL/Arab League 22． IAEA23． ICJ24． UNDC25． EFTA26． CHR 27．OECD28． UNHCR 29．World Bank 30． UNCTAD 31．NAMIII. Translate the following into Chinese1.The US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world ―shareholder value‖and ―IPOs‖, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: ―If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere!‖ Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.Communicating is natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audience’s attention.2.Graying Armies March to Defend Social Security Organized, strong and angry-lobbyists for the elderly are warning lawmakers not to tamper with their benefits.Aiming for a late-April showdown in the Senate, advocates for the elderly are waging all-out against a budget proposal that would limit cost-living increases for Social Security.The unusually intense effort--expected to cost 2 million dollars and involving thousands of volunteers—is threatening to unravel the deficit-reduction plan worked out by President Reagan and Senate Republicans. It is also providing new insights into how one emotionally charged and well-organized group can bring maximum pressure to force Congress around to its way of thinking.For weeks, defenders of the elderly have swamped congressional offices with phone calls, mil and personal visits. One effort alone, masterminded by the National Council of Citizens with the help of a private group, Villers Advocates, prompted senior citizens to send some more 800,000 postcards to Capitol Hill.Local groups also organized 200 meetings with lawmakers and their staffs during Congress’s Easter recess. They staged scores of public forums, press conferences and other events to dramatize the grievances of the elderly.3.Whatever happened to the Margaret Thatcher who was tearful and adrift, nonplused by her forced retirement from the world stage? Lately she has been jetting about to all the usual capitals, confident and assertive as ever. Last month she made a weeklong tour of South Africa, where she was feted lavishly by President F. W. de Klerk and taunted by protesters carrying signs saying SMELT THE IRON LADY. Two weeks ago she was in Moscow, and her private meeting with President Gorbachov, whom she warned about backsliding on perestroika (reform), topped the main Soviet TV evening news broadcast. Next week Thatcher travels to the United States, where she is expected to issue a spiritual defense of British national sovereignty within the European Community. September takes her to Japan, where she will lecture on the environment and Japan’srole in the world. ―To decide all that as drifting,‖ says novelist Jeffrew Archer, a former M. P. and Thatcher confident, ―takes a great deal of imagination.‖ For John Major’s six-month-old government, Thatcher’s new energy could pose some serious problems. When Thatcher travels, she speaks. When she speaks, it is not to articulate Major’s more moderate view of the path Britain should take in the 1990s. Rumors that Thatcher has grown disenchanted with Major –over his warmer attitude to Europe and his speedy demolition job on her widely loathed poll tax – have been circulating at Westminster for weeks. Last week the rumors exploded into a frontpage story in The Sunday Telegraph about a widening Thatcher-Maj or rift: ―He is grey. He has no ideas. I have been totally deceived,‖ the paper quoted Thatcher as telling an unnamed but close political ally. Thatcher promptly and publicly denounced the story as ―complete nonsense.‖ But few serious onlookers doubt those exact words,‖ said one old Thatcher ally last week. ―But I’ve heard her ex press sentiments like that.‖。