part1
洪恩环境英语初级篇Part 1
洪恩环境英语初级篇Part 1Lesson 1I'M SUSAN WEBSTER.我是苏珊．韦伯斯特Text课文SCENE ONE: THE INTERIOR OF WEFL STATION第一幕：WEFL 电视台内Carol: Good morning, Steven.卡罗：早上好，史帝文。
Steven: Good morning, Carol.史帝文：早上好，卡罗。
Steven: Good morning, Carol.史帝文：早上好，卡罗。
Carol: Hi, Mike.卡罗：嗨，迈克。
Mike: Good morning, Carol.迈克：早上好，卡罗。
Carol: Hello, Linda.卡罗：你好，琳达。
Linda: Good morning, Carol.琳达：早上好，卡罗。
Jake: Good morning. My name is Jake Seltzer. My name is Jake Seltzer. Hello. I am Jake Seltzer. Good morning. My name is Jake Seltzer. My name is Jake Seltzer. Hi, I'm Jake Seltzer.杰克：早上好。
我叫杰克．萨尔茨。
我叫杰克．萨尔茨。
你好。
我是杰克．萨尔茨。
早上好。
我叫杰克．萨尔茨。
我叫杰克．萨尔茨。
你好。
我是杰克．萨尔茨。
Carol: Hi, I'm Carol Green.卡罗：嗨，我是卡罗．格林。
Jake: Oh. Hi, Carol. Good morning. My name is Jake Seltzer...杰克：噢，嗨，卡罗。
早上好。
我叫杰克．萨尔茨?SCENE TWO第二幕Jake: My name is Jake Seltzer. Hi. I'm Jake Seltzer.杰克：我叫杰克．萨尔茨。
pet口语part 1常见问题
pet口语part 1常见问题
在PET口语考试第一部分，考生可能会遇到以下常见问题：
1. 自我介绍：请简要介绍一下你自己，包括你的家庭、工作、兴趣爱好等。
2. 家庭情况：请描述一下你的家庭，包括家庭成员的姓名、职业、兴趣爱好等。
3. 工作情况：请介绍一下你的工作，包括工作内容、工作环境、工作经历等。
4. 兴趣爱好：请谈谈你的兴趣爱好，包括喜欢做什么、喜欢听什么音乐、看什么电影等。
5. 旅游经历：请描述一次你印象深刻的旅行经历，包括旅行的目的地、原因、旅程中的所见所闻等。
6. 人际关系：请谈谈你的人际关系，包括你和家人、朋友、同事等的相处情况。
7. 人生规划：请谈谈你的人生规划，包括未来的职业发展、家庭生活、个人成长等。
8. 日常活动：请描述一下你通常的日常活动，包括工作、休闲、运动等。
9. 文化习俗：请介绍一下你所在地的文化习俗，包括传统节日、习俗习惯等。
10. 个人品质：请谈谈你认为自己具备哪些优秀的品质，以及这些品质是如
何影响你的生活的。
以上问题仅作参考，实际考试中可能还有其他问题出现。
建议考生在考试前多进行模拟练习，以提高自己的口语表达能力和应对能力。
part1的用法
part1的用法
Part 1的用法
Part 1是一种常见的学术论文结构，用于介绍和阐述研究的背景、目的和方法。
在学术界，Part 1通常是论文的开头部分，可帮助读者了解研究的背景和目的，从
而提供上下文和框架。
首先，Part 1会简要介绍研究的背景和相关的文献。
这部分的目的是向读者展
示研究的重要性、现有知识状况以及研究在该领域中的位置。
作者可以引用相关研究成果、理论框架和观点，以及存在的知识空白。
接下来，Part 1会明确阐述研究的目的和研究问题。
这部分的目的是定义研究
的特定目标，并在文献背景的基础上提出一个明确的问题或假设。
研究问题应该清晰、具体，并且可以通过研究方法得到解答。
最后，Part 1还会描述研究方法和研究设计。
这部分的目的是说明研究者采用
了什么方法来回答研究问题。
研究方法可以是定性的、定量的或混合的，取决于研究的性质和研究问题。
作者应该解释为什么选择了特定的方法，并提供相关的理论背景和方法细节。
总之，Part 1作为学术论文的开头部分，扮演着引入和定位研究的重要角色。
通过提供研究背景、目的和方法，它为读者提供了理解和评估研究的框架和上下文。
对于研究者来说，撰写清晰、有条理的Part 1是确保研究论文顺利进行的关键步骤。
日本动漫系列-Part 1【萌战】
2位 1026票 御坂美琴@某科学的超电磁炮
3位 172票 秋山澪@けいおん!! 一度领先的御坂美琴以二十六票的差距惜败于轻音，与八强名额擦肩而过。
2005年 萌王 高町奈叶——魔法少女奈叶 亚军 苍星石——蔷薇少女
2006年 萌王 翠星石——蔷薇少女梦之终结 亚军 菲特•泰斯特罗莎•哈拉温——魔法少女奈叶A‘S
2009年
萌王 逢坂大河——龙与虎 亚军 平泽唯——轻音少女 4强 原村和——天才麻将少女 4强 福路美穗子——天才麻将少女 8强 天江衣——天才麻将少女 8强 片冈优希——天才麻将少女 8强 露易丝——零之使魔 三美姬的轮舞 8强 鹭之宫伊澄——旋风管家
2010年
萌王 中野梓——轻音少女 亚军 三千院凪——旋风管家 4强 天江衣——天才麻将少女 4强 原村和——天才麻将少女 8强 椎名真冬——学生会的一己之见 8强 佐天泪子——某科学的超电磁炮 8强 夏娜——灼眼的夏娜S 8强 山田葵——迷糊餐厅
神圣同盟
由于05 06年都是相同两部作品入选决赛，因此有人认为这两部作品缔结了同 盟关系，霸占萌战决赛名额。在决赛之前却会互相帮助，将仇恨带到最后算。
2009年 萌王 逢坂大河——龙与虎 亚军 平泽唯——轻音少女 4强 原村和——天才麻将少女 4强 福路美穗子——天才麻将少女
2010年 萌王 中野梓——轻音少女 亚军 三千院凪——旋风管家 4强 天江衣——天才麻将少女 4强 原村和——天才麻将少女
2006年
萌王 翠星石——蔷薇少女梦之终结 亚军 菲特•泰斯特罗莎•哈拉温——魔法少女奈叶A‘S 4强 源千华留——惊爆草莓 4强 夏娜——灼眼的夏娜 8强 艾露露——传颂之物 8强 远坂凛——Fate/stay night 8强 长门有希——凉宫春日的忧郁 8强 泽近爱理——校园迷糊大王
剑桥金融财务英语part 1
Capital (continued)
The people who invest (投资) money，known as share capital (股本), in shares are called shareholders (股东) and they own (拥有) part of the company. Individuals and financial institutions, called investors (投资者), can also lend (借出) money to companies by buying bonds---loans that pay interest and are repaid at a fixed future date. Money that is owed (欠)--- have to be paid--- is called debt or liabilities (负债).
Outgoing（开支）: Amounts of money that people have to spend regularly, including:
Living expenses (日常开支): money spent on everyday needs such as food, clothes and public transport. Bills (账单): requests for the payment of money owed for services such as electricity, gas and telephone connections. Rent (租金): money paid for the use of a house or flat. Mortgage (贷款): repayments of money borrowed to buy a house or flats. Health insurance (人身保险): financial protection against
计算机结构 英文 PPT 教案 PART 1 第一部分
Levels of Program Code
High-level language
Level of abstraction closer to problem domain Provides for productivity and portability
Байду номын сангаас
Input/output includes
Display, keyboard, mouse Hard disk, CD/DVD, flash For communicating with other computers
Storage devices
Network adapters
Chapter 1 — Computer Abstractions and Technology — 9
Chapter 1 — Computer Abstractions and Technology — 18
Technology Trends
Electronics technology continues to evolve
Increased capacity and performance Reduced cost
Hardware representation
§1.3 Under the Covers
Components of a Computer
The BIG Picture
Same components for all kinds of computer
雅思口语考试 Part 1 话题与词汇总结
SPEAKING TEST IN IELTSPART 1TOPICS QUESTIONS AND WORDS RELATED1.Studies QuestionsWhat’s your subject ?Why did you choose your subject ?How do you like your subject ?What do you like most about your studies ?Is there anything you don’t like about your studies ?How do you like your life on campus ?Is your university a good place to study in ?What do you think of the training you got in the university ?How was your high school experience ?How long have you been studying English ?Do you think English is important for China ?What do you think is the best way to study English ?What aspect of English do you find the most difficult ?What is most rewarding about learning a foreign language ?What do you intend to study when you’re abroad ?Which university are you going to study at ?What do you intend to do after your graduation ?Words related to this topic:Schoolwork Brach of learning Field of study Discipline LecturerTheoryRevise Comprehend Succeed in Become skilled in Hands-onJob-relatedTheoreticalReputableHighly regardedCompulsoryOptionalProfessionLine of businessLine of workOccupationBe involved inShare responsibilityWork within a teamHecticExhaustingTaxingIntricate2. Hometown QuestionsWhere is your hometown ?Let’s talk about your hometown or village. What kind of place is it ?Could you tell me something about your hometown ?What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown ?What are the main tourist attractions in your hometown ?What are the people like in your hometown ?What places in your hometown do you like best and tell me why ?What places in your hometown might a visitor be interested in visiting, and tell me why ?Do you think your hometown is a good place for a young person to live ?What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in your hometown ?What changes have taken place in your hometown in the last 20 years ?Does your hometown have a lot of modern buildings or are they mostly traditional ? Words related to this topic:Urban Suburb Architecture Back alley The locals Local cuisine Shopping District Residential area Estate Neighborhood Municipality[mju:,nisi'pæləti]n. 市民；市政当局Apartment complex公寓大楼CapitalDowntownUptownSprawlingadj. 不规则地伸展的Regionally importantCommercialUniqueDistinctiveBuilt-upadj. 组合的，拼合的；建筑物多的AffluentIndustrialProvincial3. Weather & Seasons & RainWhat’s the climate like in your hometown ?How would you compare the climate in your hometown with other cities ? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the weather in your hometown ? What is your favorite type of weather in your hometown ?Words related to this topic:ClimateAverage temperature Shower SpellBlizzardDrizzleRaincoatShiftVaryRain torrential Sun-drenched Muggy=humid Clammy=humid Balmy=warm Sweltering=hot Chilly=cold Nippy=cold SunnyTime of year Average temperatureVariableVaryFluctuateDifferSeasonalUnpredictableErraticConstantDownpourPour downSpitRain slightlyShoweryDampWaterloggedWaterproofSoaked4. Public TransportWhich type of transport do you usually use in your hometown ? Which type of transport do you prefer for traveling around ? What’s the traffic situation like in your hometown ?What kinds of public transport do you have in your hometown ? Words related to this topic:Transport network Bus system’MinicabTraffic Congestion Delay FareCommuterJourneyRush hourCommuteCatchOld-fashionedInefficientWell-organizedGovernment subsidized5. Hobbies and Spare timeWhat kind of hobbies do you have ?How did you become interested in your hobby ?What do you do in your spare time ?Do you like to be with a group of people or alone when you are free ? How do you spend your free time ? How do you relax yourself ? Words related to this topic:Leisure pursuit Spare time PastimeAmuse oneself by Unwind byKill time byFascinatingCaptivatingTime-consumingappealing6. Travels & SeaDo you enjoy traveling ?Is there anywhere you would particularly like to visit on your holidays ? Where and why ?For a long trip, how do you prefer to travel?Words related to this topic:Package tour Independent travel TourismTouristTourist trap Sightseeing Holiday-maker Travel agentGo backpacking Go sightseeing TouristyTacky OverdevelopedExclusiveLuxuriousCoastShorelineSeashoreWater’s edgeWaveScuba divingMarine wildlifeSea breezeBeach resortSunbatheGet a suntanPaddleGo for a swimMarineRockySandyPebblyTropicalExoticCoastalCrystal-clear7.Sports & Outdoor activity & Cycling What is your favorite sport ?Why do you like it so much ?What sports are played in your country ?What are the sports facilities like in your hometown ? Words related to this topic:Team game Spectator sport Physical activity SquadSolo sport Compete ChallengeGet fit=keep fitStay in shapeBe out of shapeLose weightStay healthyStrenuousPhysicalEnergizingRevitalizing8. Films and TVHow often do you go to the cinema ?Do you prefer watching film in the cinema or at home ?Do you like to watch alone or with your friends ? What kind of films do you like ?Who’s your favorite film star ?What is your favorite TV program ?Words related to this topic:Big nameStarDirectorCurrent releaseDVD releaseOldie=old movie Soundtrack BlockbusterFlickThe pictures=the cinema TellyEpisodeSeriesSoap opera Documentary MainstreamSitcom AudienceviewerProduceDirectStar inAct inPlay the lead roleTurn on/off/overTune inSit in front of the tellyBroadcastRepeatProduceTeleviseWittyEnlighteningMind-numbing=boringTelevisedLive-broadcastAttention-grabbing=interestingPre-recordedViolentSillyRomanticMind-openingUnforgettableThrillingAvant-gardetear-jerkingSpellbindingSameyaction-packedBig-budget9. MusicHow often do you listen to music ?What kinds of music do you like ?Do you like listening to music?Where do you usually listen to music?Can you play instruments?Do you think it’s important for children to learn to play a musical instrument? Do you prefer listening to live performance or recorded music?Words related to this topic:Harmony Melody Lyric Synthesizer Concert Gig=concert AlbumTunePortableCD playerMP3 playerA hit recordDownloadBurn CD’sPut on a CDPut on piece of musicFunkyCatchySoothing atmospheric10. Accommodation & Building & Hotels & MuseumsTell me about the kind of accommodation you live in.What are the advantages and disadvantages of the kind of housing you live in ? Which do you prefer, a flat or a house ?Which floor do you live on, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of living on that floor ?What sort of accommodation would you like to live in when you get to the country you’re going to ?Words related to this topic:House Apartment MansionFlat Architecture Structure design Skyscraper OfficeBlock Residence Construct Erect Renovate DemolishElegantWell-designedUnsightlyContemporaryOld-fashionedHotel chainHotel innRoom serviceReside in a hotelStay in a hotelBe a hotel guest orresidentSpartanBasic and simpleLuxuriousExclusiveNatural history museumAntiqueArtefactFossilPut on displayExhibitRarePrehistoricPrimitive11. FamilyCan you tell me something about your family ?What do your family members do for a living ?What do you and your family like to do together ?Do you prefer big families or small families ?What do you think are the advantages of big families and small families ? Words related to this topic:Family unit Family reunion Relative Household chore HouseworkFamily circleFamily connectionAdoreAdmireEnjoy the company ofAffectionateIntimatedistant12. Birthdays & Weddings & Parties & GiftsHow important are birthdays in your country ?How do Chinese people celebrate their birthdays ?Do you like to celebrate your birthday with your parents or with your friends ? What do children get for their birthdays in your country ?Which is the most important birthday for a Chinese ?Words related to this topic:Get-togetherShindigBallGreeting cardSurpriseGet olderGrow olderCrack open a bottle of wine UnexpectedCustomaryMarriage ceremonyBrideGroomHoneymoonBridal gownBanquetBest manBride’s maidGet marriedGive presentsDrink a toastConventionalCustomaryCeremonial13. ClothingWhat kind of clothing do you like best ?What kind of clothing is popular in China ?What does traditional clothing in China look like ?How do older people feel about younger people’s clothing ? Words related to this topic:Clothing Pants Shirt Skirt Dress Gown Pajama Socks SlacksHigh-heelsFlatsSportswearGarmentTrendBoutiqueFlauntShow offDress upStylishChicWell-madeHard-wearingsubdued14. Food & Cooking & Eating & RestaurantWhat kind of food and dishes do people eat in your hometown ? What is the main food in China ?In what ways has the diet of people in your country been changing ? How has your diet changed ?Words related to this topic:Cuisine Regional dish Local specials CaloryFlavorEat our=dine out Eat at home Scrumptious Appetizing Revolting Fattening Wholesome PepperySpicy CrunchyCrispChewySugary Vinegary Cookery IngredientRecipeHome economicsBite to eat=snackOvenBecome skilled atPrepareEntertainYummyFull of flavorFlavorfulNourishingHome-cookedFamishedCholesterolVitaminMineralProteinMunchLose weightPut weight onNutritiousHarmfulEateryMealSpecialty dishSettingAtmosphereEnvironmentDecorationFurnishingDelicacyServiceFeast onSampleSwankyPoshLow-costunsophisticated15. Festival and TraditionTell me about the biggest traditional festival in your country. What do you do during the festival ?Has the festival changed since you were younger ? Words related to this topic:Celebration FestivalReunionFamily get-together Ceremony RitualLegendFolkloreCelebrateReuniteRevisitPay one’s respects toCheerfulCustomaryLong-establishedTime-honored16. “Changes”QuestionsHas your life changed in the last 10 years ? And if so, in what ways ?Is there anything you would like to change in your life ?How different is your life from the lives of your parents ?Has tourism changed China very much ?17.Future Plan QuestionWhat problems or difficulties do you think you may have in the country you’re going to ?Can you imagine what life in …will be like ?What kind of differences in the cultures are you expecting between China and …? Are there any special places you want to see in …? What are they ?What kind of things do you want to do in …that you can’t do in China ?What are your goals in life ?18.People & FriendsHow much time do you spend with your friends?What do you usually do with your friends?Do you prefer spending time with your family or friends?Is friendship important to you?Words related to this topic:Companion Acquaintance Best-buddy Best-mate Company Sibling Shared interests Similar hobbies Individual Meeting point Gathering placeNightclubCongregateFlock toMeet for the first timeCrowd togetherGet acquainted withBefriendGet togetherHang out withSocializeSociableGregariousOut-goingChummyExtrovertIntrovertApproachableantisocial19.Birds & animalsAre there many birds where you live?How do people in China feel about birds?Do birds have any special meaning in your culture?Should we protect birds?Do you like animals?What types of animals do people keep as pets in your culture? How do most people feel about animals in your culture? What are animals used for in your culture?Words related to this topic:Wildlife Species Domestic animal Mammal ReptileDairy farming Protect Conserve Raise Endangered ExtinctDomesticatedPoultryDomestic fowlHabitatMigratory birdResident birdPestSymbolizeOffer protectionProvide food forRareEndangeredWidespreadCommonplaceMythicalFairy-taleSymbolic20.Noise and industry21.Going out & Weekends & ShoppingHow often do you go out in the evening?Who do you usually spend your evening with?When you go out in the evening what do you usually do?Do you think there is enough to do in the evening in your city? What do you usually do at the weekend?What do people usually do at weekends in your country?Do you weekends are long enough?How important do you think it is to have free time?So you like shopping?How often do you go shopping?What kind of shops are there in the area where you live?What’s the worst thing about shopping? Words related to this topic:DustNightlifeNightspot DiscothequeCafeGo for a stroll Wander aroundPay a visit to Invigorating Happening=fashionable Late-nightLeisure pursuitSpare time PastimeTime offAmuse byUnwind byKill time bySoothingPleasingEngagingEssentialLuxuryIndependent retailerChainStoreMarket stallPurchaseFlog=sellHagglePick outInexpensiveLow-pricedPriceyOver-pricedFakeGeniusPoshclassy22.PhotosDo you like taking photos of new places?Is photography popular in your culture?What kinds of photographs so you like looking at?Would you prefer to buy a postcard or take a photograph of a new place? Words related to this topicSnapshot Likeness Landscape shot Studio print GetDevelopPose for the cameraPhotogenicCamera-friendlyPicturesquePhotographable23.Colors and FlowersWhat’s your favorite color?What can we learn about a person from the colors they wear?Do any colors have a special meaning in your culture?Do you like flowers?On what occasions do people give flowers in your culture?Do any flowers have a special meaning in your culture?Words related to this topic:Vibrate colors Vivid colors Dull colorsHueShade of a certain color SignifySymbolizeFloraPedal Lotus flowerA bunch of rosesFloristHay feverA bouquet flowersArtificial flowerSilk flowerCultivateSneezeFragrantSweet-scented。
词汇导练(Part 1)
[练一练] 用the death of、die from、die out、 dying to的正确形式填空。 Kathy is always 1________ dying to see species of wildlife. She appreciates that many types of plants and animals 2 die ______in out the wild every year， and most of them 3________ die from too much hunting and destruction of their habitats. She bursts into tears every time she hears about 4 ___________ the death of wild animals.
[练一练]选择decrease/increase并用其正确形 式填空。
The number of visitors has ___________ decreased
sharply in the past two months. The
________ decrease worries the manager. “Something must be done to ________the number of increase visitors.” he thought.
⑶ They are making every effort to decrease the production cost. 减少 (词性:_____ vt. 意义:_________) ⑷ The decrease in unemployment was 30 percent. n. 意义:________) (词性:______ 减少
PASS BEC(中高级)part 1小卡片
P19 (3) Do you think people can be trained to work more efficiently? (Why/ Why not?)
P19 (4) What changes in cost management do you expect will happen in the future?
P5 (1) Do you like working in a team or on your own? (Why?)
P5 (2) How important is the central leadership of a team?
P5 (3) Do you prefer to work in small teams or big teams? (Why?)
P33 (3) Do you think companies should provide sports facilities for their staff? (Why?)
P33 (4) What types of sports do you like watching or playing? (Why?)
P39 (3) Do you think cost is the most important thing to consider when buying office furniture? (Why/Why not?)
P39 (4)Is it a good idea to rent office equipment instead of buying them? (Why?/Why not?)
P26 (1)What expense do people typically incur on a business trip?
雅思口语考试 part 1 试题
•
by lacota
Part 1 真题题库
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Do you think it’s important to learn a musical instrument? Why? (detail)
by lacota
Part 1 真题题库
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Do you think it’s important to learn a musical instrument? Why? (detail) Yes, I do because the ability to play a musical instrument is very important. it helps us gain a better understanding of different types of music and different cultures. Learning a musical instrument also helps unto develop self-discipline because it is challenging and takes a lot of timing effort.
by lacota
Part One
Hobbies & Habits
• •
Do you wish to own a boat? Why? (detail) ( I won’t be able to find a place to store it and the maintenance of a boat can be a lot of work.)
Please switch your phone
by lacota
Part 1 真题题库
• •
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材料加工过程的计算机模拟与仿真
Computer Modeling and Simulation of Material Processing
• 教学内容和目的
本课程主要介绍材料加工中典型过程和现象数 值模拟的基本方法（包括模型建立和数值求解）， 以及材料加工数值模拟国内外的研究动态及最新研 究成果，并通过实际工程问题的计算机数值模拟， 使大家既掌握材料加工计算机模拟与仿真的基本技 术与方法，又能了解学科发展动态，跟踪学科前言， 开阔思路，活跃思维，培养和提高研究生的科研创 新能力。
2011-1-28
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
Welding simulation benefits
• Distortions minimised : no costly adjustments • Residual stresses minimised : improved quality & lifetime • Better knowledge of welding process : optimisation of production
4．1 概述 4．2 按连续冷却转变曲线模拟 4．3 按等温转变曲线模拟 4．4 影响因素和存在的问题
5 材料加工中应力与变形的数值模拟－热弹塑性问题的数值求解 材料加工中应力与变形的数值模拟－
5．1 热弹塑性的基本方程和边界条件 5．2 热弹塑性的有限元求解方法 5．2 非线形的力学性能对计算的影响 5．3 应力与组织转变的相互关系
2011-1-28 Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 1
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
材料加工过程的计算机模拟与仿真
Computer Modeling and Simulation of Material Processing
6．5．1 焊接应力产生的原因及特点 6．5．2 计算中要处理的几个问题 6．5．3 提高计算效率和计算精度的方法
6．6 工程实际中焊接数值模拟的应用 ．
6．6．1 用数值模拟方法研究施加辅助热源防止焊缝凝固裂纹 6．6．2 T型接头焊接残余应力数值模拟 6．6．3 大型电机转子焊接残余应力的分析与控制 6．6．4 大型结构焊接变形的预测与控制 6．6．6 航天结构焊接过程的数值分析
6．7 特殊焊接过程的数值分析 ．
6．7．1 电阻点焊过程（电－热－力的耦合）的特点及处理方法 6．7．2 高能束焊接过程（电子束、激光）的特点及处理方法
2011-1-28
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University
2．1 描述流动与传热问题的控制方程 2．2 控制方程的守恒与非守恒形式及单值性条件 2．3 控制方程的数学分类及其对数值解的影响 2．4 数值传热学常用的数值方法简介
3． 3． 材料加工中热传导的数值分析
3．1 基本方程和单值性条件 3．2 熔化和相变潜热的处理 3．3 非线形热物性参数的处理
4． 材料加工中组织转变的计算 ．
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材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
课程的主要内容（3）
7．演示实验 焊接温度场、应力、以及变形过程的数值模拟 ．演示实验―焊接温度场 应力、 焊接温度场、
7．1 商用数值分析软件介绍 7．2 MSC.MARC的使用简介 7．3 问题的描述 7．3 结构造型 7．4 网格划分 7．5 边界条件的处理 7．6 加载时间的处理 7．7 单元的选择 7．8 计算任务的提交 7．9 计算结果的后处理
6．2 焊接热传导的数值分析 ．
6．2．1 移动的热源边界—焊接热源模型的数值处理方法 6．2．2 焊接温度场的数值模拟
6．3 焊接熔池流动和传热的数值分析及焊接接头组织性能的预测 ．
6．3．1 控制方程和源项的处理 6．3．2 焊接熔池流动和传热的数值分析 6．3．3 焊接接头组织性能的预测
6．4 GTA焊接电弧与熔池系统的双向耦合 ． 焊接电弧与熔池系统的双向耦合 6．5 焊接热弹塑性的有限元分析 ．
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材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
FIAT business case : Thermo-metallurgical analysis
Evolution of temperature field during welding process
2011-1-28 Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 14
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
材料加工过程的计算机模拟与仿真
Computer Modeling and Simulation of Material Processing • 主要参考资料
[1] 李英民等，计算机在材料热加工领域中的应用，北京：机械工业 出版社，2001.5 [2] 陶文铨，数值传热学（第二版），西安：西安交通大学出版社， 2001.5 [3] 陈丙森，计算机辅助焊接技术，北京：机械工业出版社，1999.10 [4] 刘庄等，热处理过程的数值模拟，北京：科学出版社，1996.10
2011-1-28
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University
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材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
绪论
• 模拟与仿真的作用
– 实现高效、低耗、低污染、高速、高精度加工的必要辅助方 法。从理论→试验→加工变为理论→模拟→加工。是迎接新 一代制造业挑战的关键技术之一。 – 研究材料加工过程，获得试验难以获得的规律。
• 基本要求
– 掌握材料加工中的典型过程和现象（如应力和 应变、传热和传质、组织转变）的数值模拟的 基本方法和技术，包括数学模型的建立和应用 软件进行数值求解的过程； 基本掌握针对具体工程问题，建立数学模型和 数值分析模型的基本思路和方法； 通过应用实例的介绍，使了解数值模拟的具体 应用和前景。
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University
– –
2011-1-28
2
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
课程的主要内容（1）
1 ．绪论
1.1 材料加工过程模拟的意义和重要性，一个例子 1.2 工程数值分析的一般步骤 1.3 材料加工中所涉及到的物理现象 1.4 物理现象的数学描述—微分方程及其求解 1.5 材料加工数值模拟的主要内容
2 ．材料加工中流动、传热与传质的数值分析 材料加工中流动、
support
pipe
• Objectives : Optimisation of the joint microstructural conditions after welding
FEM Model
2011-1-28
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University
8 ． 讨论
8．1 结合实际的生产过程，提出需要解决的问题 8．2 建立物理模型 8．3 建立数学模型 8．4 提出数值计算方案
9 ．材料加工中微观组织的数值模拟（可选内容） 材料加工中微观组织的数值模拟（可选内容）
9．1微观组织模拟的物理与数学基础 9．2 微观组织模拟的数值方法 9．3 铸造及焊接熔池凝固和及其微观组织的数值模拟 2011-1-28 Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 5
Testing
Release
10000x
Development phase
Tooling
1000x
100x
Design
பைடு நூலகம்Cost to implement change
10x
Concept
x
welding simulation application phases
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 11
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 10
2011-1-28
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
FIAT invests in virtual prototyping to avoid costly design errors
2011-1-28 Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 9
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
数值模拟的重要性
• • • • 系统的高性能化、复杂化，单纯的试验 难以使严峻的状况重现出来 数学模型和数值计算能完成试验所无法 完成的工作 数值试验能节省大量的资金 一个例子：FIAT 汽车部件的焊接
2011-1-28 Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University 12
材料加工的计算机模拟与仿真
Example : FIAT business case
Real part
• Problem : Overlap arc welding of a rear axle system
2011-1-28
Zhao Haiyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University