大学英语四级模拟试卷第13组(阅读3)
大学英语四级模拟题三(含答案)
大学英语四级模拟题三Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneScientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts so that people can live and grow food. Even so, more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time.Why? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth. Some people on the earth do not get very much rain. Yet, they still do not become deserts. This is because there are some small green plants growing there. Plants help keep water in the earth. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily.A man decides to make a farm in a very dry place. He digs in the earth and takes away the grass and plants that are already growing on the dry land.He makes a farm. He puts plants in rows. The sun is very hot. It makes the land even drier. When the rain comes, it runs between the row of plants. It washes the good dirt away. When the wind comes, it blows between the rows of plants. It blows the good dirt away. Soon the land is not good enough for a farm any more. The man lets his animals eat all the plants on it. Now the land does not have any plants on it. The sun and wind dry the land and all of the good dirt away. Now the land is a desert.1. A desert is probably _____________.A. grassyB. wetC. treelessD. muddy2. Land is becoming desert because of lack of _____________.A. rainB. peopleC. windD. plants3. Which of the following is NOT the reason why small green plants are very important to dry places?A. They keep the earth from becoming even drier.B. They do not let wind blow the earth away.C. They add color to the dry places.D. They hold water.4. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.A. it is bad to plant in rows in a dry placeB. it is better to raise animals on dry land than to make a farmC. it is bad to make a farm in a dry place, but it is good to raise animals thereD. all lands that don’t get very much rain are deserts5. What’s the writer’s purpose in giving an example of the man?A. To criticize him.B. To tell an interesting story.C. To prove man makes deserts.D. To prove the hot sun makes a desert.Passage TwoFor years, international swimming has been controlled by a small number of powerful nations. The U.S., Russia, Germany and Australia have produced some of the sport’s finest players and have won most of the top competitions and medals. But the results of this month’s world championships, which are being held in the Australian city of Perth, will not be so easy to predict. Since the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, many new names and nationalities have emerged to take on the world leaders.The 1996 Olympics should have been an opportunity for the U.S. to display its great swimming power, but instead it faced some embarrassing defeats. The surprises started on the first day of the competitions, when Fred of Belgium (比利时) set a world record in the competition for 100-metres breast-stroke (蛙泳). Never before had Belgium produced an Olympic champion swimmer. Two other countries also won swimming gold medals for the first time on the opening day. Ireland’s Michell Smith delighted her country with her first of her three gold medals. New Zealand also celebrated with Danyon Loader’s gold in the men’s 200-metre free style. Loader went on to win the 400 meters later in the competition.By late on the second day, the U.S. team’s officials and coaches were starting to be surprised. Penny Heyns of South Africa had broken the women’s 100-metre breast-stroke record in the morning competitions before claiming gold in the final.6. It is hard to predict the results of this month’s championships because _____________.A. players from different countries have sprung up as new championsB. many names of the players haven’t been heardC. a few countries have won international swimming competitionsD. the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta was a success7. What the U.S. had to face at the 1996 Olympics was _____________.A. new swimming powerB. a big successC. several unpleasant failuresD. a great deal of embarrassment8. The player of Belgium broke a world record in 100-metre breast-stroke which _____________.A. it had won beforeB. it has not gained beforeC. it had won many timesD. the U.S. had never won before9. How many gold medals have the other countries won on the opening day?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.10. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.A. the U.S. is still the only powerful country in swimmingB. the U.S. has been a great swimming powerC. Ireland once controlled international swimmingD. Belgium had won several world swimming championshipsPart Two Listening Comprehension (35’)Section A (1’×15 = 15’)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. He watched television with his friend.B. He stayed at home talking with his friend.C. He went to see a film with his friend.D. He went to see his schoolmate.12. A. 5:10. B. 5:00. C. 4:30. D. 5:15.13. A. At a booking office. B. In a Hong Kong hotel.C. On a busy street.D. At an airport.14. A. The next bus is coming soon.B. The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.C. There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.D. They can catch this bus without running.15. A. The wind stopped, but it’s still raining.B. The rain stopped.C. It is still raining, and the wind is blowing.D. Both the rain and wind stopped.16. A. He decided not to go to New York.B. They won an award recently.C. They are going to organize a dinner.D. No one expected him to move.17. A. A sunny day. B. A nice raincoat.C. An attractive dress.D. A lovely hat.18. A. No one can find the Department.B. He helps people find the Department here.C. He has no idea where to find the Department.D. He is working at the university.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. He is not satisfied with his present job.B. He worries too much about his grandmother.C. People dislike his food.D. He is going to be fired.20. A. He learned it in a training center of cooking.B. He learned it from his grandmother.C. He learned it from his mother.D. He learned it from his wife.21. A. He dislikes other businessmen.B. He wants to have more chances to go on business.C. He doesn’t want to trouble others.D. He wants to be self-employed.22. A. Whether he would have enough funds.B. Whether his food is to the customers’ taste.C. Whether his family members would support him.D. Whether he can pay less tax to the government.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Tap dancing and square dancing. B. Tap dancing and belly dancing.C. Folk dancing and square dancing.D. Folk dancing and belly dancing.24. A. Interesting. B. Time-wasting.C. Very tiring.D. Inspiring.25. A. He does not like to interact with people.B. He doesn’t thinks the dancing course will help him interact with other people.C. He hates the dancing course very much.D. He also wants to take the dancing course so that he could be more confident.Section B (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closest friends.D. Strangers.27. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.28. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.30. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practise speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.31. A. The couple cook the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. He went to watch his son play in a hockey game.B. He watched a hockey game on TV with his son.C. He and his son had a very good dinner together at an Italian restaurant.D. He called his wife Dana who was appearing in a play in California.33. A. His courage in fighting against his paralysis.B. His love for his 12-year-old son Will.C. His role as Superman in the movie with the same name.D. His opening of the first center in the USA devoted to paralyzed people.34. A. A horse riding accident.B. A car accident.C. A deadly infection of an incurable disease.D. A sudden heart attack.35. A. Christopher Reeve loved acting more than anything else in the world.B. Christopher Reeve was as brave as the superman he played in the movie.C. Christopher Reeve’s great comfort was to die with his son at his side.D. Christopher Reeve will be remembered as a spokesman for the disabled. Section C (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.（答案请写在答题纸上）Customers differ greatly from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Should you use both hands when you are eating?The American and the British not only speak the same language but also (36) _____________ a large number of social customs. For instance, in both countries, people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most English will open a door for a woman or (37) _____________ their seat to her, and also will most Americans. Promptness is (38) _____________ both in Britain and America. If a dinner invitation is for 7 o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to (39) _____________ the delay.It is relatively common both in China and in the west to invite friends and acquaintances to dinner. However, the customs (40) _____________ with this are often very different in the two cultures, and so both Westerners and Chinese may easily feel (41) _____________, and misunderstandings may be the result. When Westerners wish to invite people to dinner, it is normal to ask them a week or so in (42) _____________. This is because Westerners often (43) ______________________________________ quite carefully, and like to plan what they are doing. If less notice than this is given, it is implied that the invitation is a (44) ______________________________________, and that it does not matter too much if the people can’t accept. So if the host really wants them to come, it is wise to (45) ______________________________________.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. There is __________ evidence that stress is partly responsible for his failing health.A. convincedB. convincingC. condenseD. condensed47. Einstein’s theories of __________ contributed much to the development of science.A. relativityB. relativeC. relativelyD. related48. Scientists will have to __________ new technologies to improve the world’s food and fuel supplies.A. come up withB. come uponC. come onD. come across49. The invisible force was evidence to Albert __________ there was more to our world than meets the eye.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. that50. He accepted an invitation to join the __________ as a full professor.A. focusB. factC. facultyD. face51. Parents should give sound advice to their children during their __________ from childhood to manhood.A. transferB. translateC. transitionD. transmit52. With a __________ of updated information, the website is popular with university students.A. wealthB. healthC. mythD. truth53. The travel agency __________ in adventure trips, which attract young people eager for challenges.A. specializeB. specializesC. specialD. specific54. I don’t think that the amount of studying you did in high school would be sufficient for you to __________ good marks in university.A. manufactureB. sponsorC. attractD. attain55. The sweaters are made of wool __________ from Australia.A. importingB. importedC. importD. be imported56. Being the son of a professor does not qualify him __________ the scholarship consideration.A. toB. forC. atD. as57. From all the indications, it is safe to __________ that the prices of cars will go down by large margins.A. consumeB. assureC. resumeD. assume58. He returned to his hometown so that he could __________ his passion for football.A. indulgeB. breakC. limitD. obsess59. They expected a living space with water __________ abundant that it could supply their needs forever.A. soB. suchC. tooD. as60. She failed to call the police to __________ her appointment.A. greetB. retreatC. puzzleD. cancel61. He has just heard that he has been __________ by Oxford University.A. respondedB. acceptedC. allowedD. adjusted62.The movie I went to see with Karen last night __________ me of my boyhood in New York City.A. mindedB. recalledC. remindedD. remembered63. Annual sales of hundreds of products now marked under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella __________ thirty billion dollars.A. exactB. expectC. exceedD. except64. The local government’s decision to reduce unemployment benefits enraged the workers who were laid off and they __________ violent protest.A. resortedB. resorted toC. sortedD. sorted to65. I had no idea because __________ I thought about idioms __________ sure I was what they were.A. the longer, the lessB. the less, the longerC. the long, the lessD. the longer, the littlePart Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （请在答题纸上写单词对应的字母代号）It seems that the young Albert Einstein was never exactly an ordinary child. When he was 5 years old and sick in bed, he was given a (66) __________ called a compass. He lay there (67) __________ and twisting it, certain he could fool it into pointing off in a new direction. But try as he might, his (68) __________ were in vain. This (69) __________ his intellect and ignited (点燃) his inspiration. Not only was he passionately curious, he was also (70) __________ persistent and would not easily give up on a problem. He had the patience and determination that kept him at things (71) __________ than most others. At age 12, Albert Einstein came upon a set of ideas that impressed him as “sacred”(神圣的). He was inspired to (72) __________ mathematics as the tool he would use to (73) __________ his curiosity. His true genius lay in his ability to express (74) __________ ideas in simple terms. Einstein’s wealth of ideas peaked (75) __________ he was still a young man of 26, although he never stopped looking for answers.Part Five Translation （答案请写在答题纸上）( 2’×5= 10’)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.76. If you do have financial difficulties, you can ______________________________________ (申请学生贷款).77. While I admit that there are problems, ______________________________________ (我并不认为这些问题不能解决).78. To most of the teenagers, when it comes to______________________________________ (既舒服又时尚的衣着), nothing beats T-shirt and jeans.79.Thoughts are ______________________________________ (通过语言来表达的).80. A great man can ______________________________________ (控制困难的局面) by force of character.Part Six Writing （答案请写在答题纸上）( 15’ ×1=15’)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic My Views on Travelling on Holidays. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1. 越来越多的人们选择假期旅行，以此放松自己，愉悦身心。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
大学英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.1．Normally a student would attend at least______classes each week.A．36B．20C．12D．15正确答案：C解析：由文章第1段可知，每个学生每学期要上4到5门课，每门课每周有3节，由此可知学生每周要上12一15节课，因此一个学生每个星期至少要上12节课．故选C。
2021年大学英语四级阅读理解模拟习题及答案(卷十三)
2021年大学英语四级阅读理解模拟习题及答案（卷十三）Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate.”Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests. In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well. The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster，but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. “As our tests became more complex.”Sums up Spilich,“non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins”He predicts,“smokers might per form adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.”这是一篇说明文，讲的是关于测试吸烟是否有助于思考和集中精力的实验。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.5%. Much of the debt that students are taking on is provided or guaranteed by the government. Imposing write-offs on all taxpayers to benefit those with the best job prospects is unfair; and ripping up contracts between borrowers and private lenders is usually a bad idea. That said, student-loan systems in America and elsewhere are often badly designed for an extended period of high unemployment. In contrast to the housing crash, the risk from student debt is not of a sudden explosion in losses but of gradual financial suffocation. The pressure needs to be eased. One option is to change the bankruptcy laws. In America, Britain and elsewhere, these treat student debt as a special case: unlike other forms of debt, it cannot be wiped out. If student debt is not to bound existing graduates and put off future ones, the rules could be changed so that it is dischargeable in bankruptcy. Yet the reasoning behind the current bankruptcy provisions is logical enough; education is an asset that cannot be repossessed and that keeps on benefiting the individual through his or her lifetime. Some worry that graduates would rush to declare bankruptcy, handing losses to taxpayers. So a second option is preferable. Many countries, America included, have designed student debt primarily as a mortgage-like obligation: it is repaid to a fixed schedule. Other places, like Britain and Australia, make student-loan repayments contingent(依情况而定的)on reaching an income threshold so that the prospect of taking on debt is more acceptable to people from poorer backgrounds. That approach makes sense, especially when jobs are scarce. Barack Obama this week proposed to limit loan payments for some struggling American graduates to 10% of discretionary(任意的)income and forgive outstanding debt after 20 years. Income-based repayment ought to become the norm. Both changes would lead to a repricing of student debt. That would be a bad thing for taxpayers, but a good thing overall. If such information were made public, other useful data would follow—on the average financial returns to graduates of specific subjects, for example. Those studying less profitable subjects would have to pay more, or be subsidised more. It would be a controversial approach, but a more educated one.5．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that_____.A．high unemployment rates make it hard for students to get loansB．rising university fees is a valid way to balance the student loansC．student indebtedness has become an increasingly tricky issueD．credit quality has been improved including student debts正确答案：C解析：推理题。
大学英语四级模拟试卷第13组（阅读1）
25. The writer’s marriage to Clint is important to her mainly because ____. A) it gave her and her sons a second chance to live a happy life B) every day Clint would tell the writer that he loved her C) it helped her to regain her self-respect D) it made her kids happy, which is all she cared about
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D). You should decided on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. This story began about 10 years ago. I was coming out of a very bad marriage. For seven long years my husband spent his every moment telling me just what was wrong with me. When I finally asked for a divorce, he answered by telling me that I would never find anyone to love me because I was just so unattractive. This went on for about two years. One night one of my friends convinced me to go out with her. We went to a nightclub and that is when I met him. Clint was playing a game with a girl. I sat in the corner watching him. I didn’t feel that I had whatever it took to get up and mix with others because of my self-esteem problem. Finally I got up the courage to order a drink for him. When he got it, he gave me the most dazzling smile. We spent the rest of the evening talking until I realized that it was almost morning. I figured that he was simply being nice to me because I had bought him a drink, but the very next day he called and told me that he could not stop thinking about me and that he wanted to meet my kids too. About 3 months later, my divorce was final and Clint sat my boys down and asked them if it was all right with them if he asked me to marry him because he could not imagine life without the three of us anymore. I was so touched that he went to my boys and asked for their approval because they were the “men of the house” at the ripe old ages of 2 and 4. They said yes and we have all been together ever since. Clint gave me and my boys a second chance at a wonderful life. Not a day goes by that he doesn’t tell us that we are the best thing that ever happened to him and that he loves us. 21. The writer’s first marriage was unsuccessful because ____. A) her husband often woke her up at midnight B) her husband kept criticizing her C) she was unattractive D) she had a self-esteem problem
大学英语四级模拟试题三及答案
大学英语四级考试模拟试题三及答案本套试题包括三部分：阅读理解、完形填空和作文。
第一部分：阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确答案。
Passage 1：In recent years, the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has been on the rise. One of the main reasons people are opting for EVs is their potential to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, electric vehicles tend to have lower operating costs due to reduced fuel expenses and fewer maintenance requirements.A. What is one reason for the growing popularity of electric vehicles?1.They require more maintenance than traditional vehicles.2.They have a longer driving range than traditional vehicles.3.They can help reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.4.They are less expensive to purchase than traditional vehicles.答案：3Passage 2：Podcasts have become a popular form of entertainment and education in recent years. They cover a wide range of topics, from news and politics to culture and personal stories. One of the advantages of podcasts is their accessibility, as they can be easily downloaded and listened to on various devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and computers.A. What is an advantage of podcasts mentioned in the passage?1.They are only available on specific devices.2.They cover a limited range of topics.3.They are accessible and can be listened to on various devices.4.They require a subscription to access content.答案：3第二部分：完形填空阅读下面的短文，从每个空格后的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
大学英语-大学英语四级阅读模拟题13.doc
大学英语四级阅读模拟题13Part I Reading ComprehensionSection AThe greenhouse effect causes trouble by raising the temperature of the planet. The ] rise is not very much, but the Earth' s ecosystem is very weak, and small changes can have large effects.It has been believed that this 2 of one degree will happen by the year 2025 . This could probably 3the North American corn belt, which produces much of the world' s grain, 4 to much higher food prices, and even less food for the Third World than they already have. However, it would also mean that some countries which are further north would be able to 5 crops they had never been able to before, although there is less land as you move north from the corn belt.The other serious worry is that rising sea levels from the melting of the polar ice could 6 flood many countries . A rise in sea levels of one meter, which many experts are 7 by the year 2100 (and some as soon as 2030) , would flood 15 percent of Egypt z and 12 percent of Bangladesh. The Maldives in the Indian Ocean would almost 8 disappear. Most of the countries which would suffer most from a rise in sea levels are the poor 9 states z so the islands in the Caribbean, South Pacific, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean have formed the Alliance of Small Island States, AOSIS, so they have a 10 voice in international politics and can make the richer developed world listen to theirproblems.A. severelyB. damageC. islandD.criticalE. growF. mainlandG. louderH. predictingI. rise J. completely K.geometry L.actualM. extending N. leading 0. developThere's a world paper shortage. There's a national bottle 11 ,and we're running out of raw materials like timber and tin—or so the papers say. Well, I' ve just emptied my shopping basket after my 12 shopping trip and it was hill of things made from these 13 materials . Half of what I' d bought I threw away at once ；all those unnecessary paper bags, plastic bags, fresh 14 paper and old newspapers they put the food in nowadays.Modern packaging makes shopping cleaner and more convenient, but at what 15 ? Every time you throw away a paper bag you' re throwing away part of a tree—and trees don't grow 16 ! At this rate there soon won't be any trees left, and then what shall we do?Perhaps we'11 learn to do what my mother did. She used to keep a store of paper bags in a kitchen 17 and use them again and again for her shopping. Most goods were sold 18 in those days . And the shopkeeper weighed out the amount you wanted.Of course, liquid goods have always been 19 in bottles or cans, but why can' t we use them more than once? If we 20 all our bottles we would save on the raw materials and energy needed to make new ones . It' s time we started to think seriously about the growing shortage of raw materials in the world today.A. drawerB. seldomC. weekly DreusedE. costF. verifyG. overnight HwrappingI• enclosed J. loose K. sold L shortageM. scarce N. partial 0 • banSection BTips for Those Who Travel AloneA.When it comes to traveling, sometimes taking a journey alone can be great. Traveling alone allows for a time of self-reflection, relaxation and self-discovery,when you can take the time to soak in the finer things the world has to offer. The independence gained by going alone allows for the opportunity to experience your choice destination exactly the way you want.Planning your tripB . So you ' ve finally decided to take advantage of some well-earned vacation time and visit Prague, the city of your dreams . Because you ' 11 be all by yourself, the planning of your trip is automatically different. One of the first questions worth attention is how you' re going to spend your time in the beautiful Czech Republic capital. Are you going on a shoestring budget, or would you rather go all-out and book a room in a fancy hotel?C.Because traveling alone means your money is funding the trip, a wise choicewould be to stay in youth hostels . Cast away the wrong idea that these places are uncomfortable and dirty, and accept the fact that hostels provide safe, clean, comfortable, and most importantly, cheap housing that millions of students andeconomical travelers take advantage of every year. It is relatively easy to book a room at a hostel via the Internet, and plenty of information is available about each one. On the other hand, f f you can' t wait to take advantage of room service and a Jacuzzi bath, then turn to a hotel.D.Along with securing your accommodations, prepare a route of the j ourney for each day before you leave . This plan should include everything from visiting all the famous landmarks to some relaxation time, which is essential since you'11 be likely walking for miles in your comfortable shoes (invest in a good pair, it will pay off).As great as organization is, however, you may not, at times z have to be restrained by your plan so as to leave room for some sceneries unexpected or unplanned on your trip. That is exactly the beauty of traveling alone: You are your own master, and while preparation is key, there is always room to do something wild.Important information prior to takeoffE.One of the hardest parts of traveling in general is coming up with a list of what you'11 need to bring with you (or leave behind). Thinking of these al 1 -important items becomes all the more difficult (and necessary) when you have no oneelse to rely on. Whatever luggage you take, make sure it's easy to handle. The best solution is to take one hold-all, be it a suitcase or a backpack, and then a smallerbag which you can hang loosely from your shoulder. It' s also a good idea to keep a change of clothing in your shoulder bag in case your suitcase or backpack gets lost by an airline or bus company.F.If you're heading for a foreign country, don't leave home without a bilingual dictionary. Although a strong grasp of Czech will prove quite difficult, it is still important to learn phrases like "thank you," "hello," "please, " and " I didn' t know she charged money for her time, " in case you' re in trouble.G.Make a copy of all essential travel documents such as your passport and health insurance . Keep the copies separate or leave them behind with someone you trust, inthe event of an emergency. Along with cash, bring a credit card as an emergency methodof payment and make sure to take note of your credit card company' s customer service line in case of loss or theft. That way, you can cancel your card immediately and havea new one delivered to you while on your trip (if possible).H. A book to enjoy on a train ride or on the beach, a journal to record your experiences, and maps to educate yourself on the layout of the land (you can get these from a tourism bureau) , can make a world of a difference. With these things in mindand a positive spirit, you are now officially ready to set out on your own.Finally thereI.You've taken the big step, said goodbye to family and friends z endured a long plane ride, and are finally in the place you dreamed of visiting... until now. Youmight be quite overwhelmed by your new surroundings, but there are ways to controlthese feelings of over-stimulation. Instead of being an outsider looking in, try to transform yourself into a relaxed traveler whoIf you planned accordingly, tourist hotspots. Besides ability to explore museumsthrough exhibits or cut the visit short ； pace yourself and take masterpieces z whether you're an art lover or just a beginner. K. Make an effort to walk everywhere —within reason, of course.help you get in touch with the area (so to speak) and observethe their element. Using your legs also allows you to findinteresting cafes more easily than f f you were on some poor-This will locals in shops and Your goal will have to share upon your return will bepriceless . camera with lots of films. Leave your route withsomeone the numbers of each place you're staying at. It's okayis not held back by minor frustrations z such as longlines at the train station or delays in visiting hoursof certain landmarks . then you can afford to "waste"time at the busy you're on vacation, and have nowhereto be!J. Another benefit of traveling alone is theandengage in othertime-consuming activities. There is no pressure to rush in the should be to blend in, something a well-designed (and perhaps overpriced) tour won ' t likely offer. Wear loose, light clothing because the more comfortable you feel, the more willing you will be to stay out an extra hour to explore a section you might have overlooked. Remainenthusiastic, relaxed and prepared, and the stories youExtra tipsL. Bring along a at home, along with if your plans are sketchy, but if there is a big change in your plans, you might want to e-mail the new information to your "in case of emergency" person back home . Stay safe and keep an eye out when it comes to money or your belongings ； you don't have a companion to catch the pickpocket creeping up from behind. While having fun is important, so is safety. Be carefree, but don't throw caution to the wind.21> If you have problems with the foreign language, you should take a bilingual dictionary along.22、 Poor-quality tour buses are less likely to take you to interesting shops and cafes. 23> It is suggested that one should bring with you a change of clothing in the shoulder bag.24、 When you arrive at the destination, you should turn yourself into a relaxed traveler rather than being an outsider looking in.25、 If you bring a credit card, make sure you take down the service number of the card company in case of loss or theft.26、 Traveling alone offers an opportunity to experience the destination in an exact way you want.27、 In most cases, a tourism bureau may provide you with maps.28、 Instead of being uncomfortable and dirty, youth hostels are safe, clean and cheap. 29、 You should consider all the famous landmarks and relaxation in your travel schedule.3 0、 Traveling alone has a benefit that you can enj oy visiting museums, although it may be time-consuming.Everglades National ParkA. When many people think of Florida, images of sandy coastlines or theme parkrides come to mind. But about an hour south of Miami lies a natural wildernessdifferent from anywhere else in the United States. Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical wilderness in the country. The park is home to several rare and endangered species ・ It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone. More than one million people visitthe Everglades each year.B.The Everglades is considered one of the great biological wonders of the world. The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six hundred thousand hectares (公顷).It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species . Unlike most other national parks, Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem from damage. The Everglades is home to thirty-six species that are considered threatened or protected. They include the Florida panther, the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee. In addition, more thanthree hundred fifty bird species and three hundred species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals （哺孚L动物）and fifty reptile （爬行动物）species.C.Exotic plants can also be found in the Everglades . They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the western half of the world. Gumbo-limbo trees, known for their peeling red skin, strangler figs and royal palms are also amongthe area's plant life. The Everglades is also home to the country's largest living mahogany tree. Sawgrass grows in some areas of the park. Be careful—it is very sharp,with teeth just like a saw. It can grow up to four meters tall. With about one and one-half meters of rainfall each year, plants and trees never stop growing in theEverglades .D.The dry, winter season is the favorite of most visitors, when insects like mosquitoes are less of a problem. The rainy season lasts from June to November. Thereare many ways to explore the Everglades. Visitors could see American crocodiles while hiking the Anhinga Trail. The Everglades is the only place on Earth where fresh water crocodiles and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area ・ Visitors using canoes or airboats are likely to see large groups of wading birds like the wood stork or greatblue heron. It is even possible to see flamingos in the Everglades. This spring, Everglades National Park launched a visitation program to what was once a highlyrestricted military base. Park officials are working to recover a missile base used inthe 1960s . The base played a Part In the nuclear tensions between the United Statesand the Soviet Union.E.The government built the Florida base shortly after the discovery of Soviet missiles about three hundred kilometers away, on the island of Cuba. Tensions were high during the Cuban missile crisis. But missiles stored at the American base were never fired. The base was closed and all missile equipment was removed in the 1970s ・ Today only the buildings remain. This year z the historic area had many visitors z including former American service members who remember the missile crisis . The park hopes tooffer more trips next spring, to help support the history for those who lived throughit and for future generations ・F.Experts say changes to the Everglades are threatening several different kinds of wildlife. They say the threats are a result of actions the United States governmentbegan more than fifty years ago, and settlers began even earlier. The National Park Service says early colonial settlers and land developers thought the Everglades hadlittle value. The settlers had plans to remove water from the area and in the 1880s developers began digging drain canals . At the time, they did not understand the complexity of the Everglades ' ecosystem. As a result, they were not prepared for allthe work and caused environmental problems. The ecosystem, however, was able to survive.G.Even larger efforts to drain the wetlands continued between 1905 and 1910 •Large areas were changed to farmland. This led to increased development, with morepeople moving to the Everglades and also more visitors . More changes came in 1948,when Congress approved the Central and South Florida Project. As part of the plan, the Army Corps of Engineers built roads z canals and water-control systems throughout South Florida. The aim of the project was to provide water and flood protection for developed areas and agriculture. Workers built a huge system of waterways and pumping stations to control the overflow of Lake Okeechobee, north of the Everglades. Today, fifty percentof south Florida' s early wetland areas no longer exist. Populations of wading birdshave been reduced by ninety percent. Whole populations of animals are in danger of disappearing. The endangered creatures include the manatee, the Miami blackhead snake,the wood stork and the Florida panther.H.In recent years, environmental experts have learned about the damage to the Everglades. They say the natural balance of plants and animals has been destroyed. Recently, the Obama administration promised three hundred sixty million dollars to payfor Everglades restoration this year. The administration is also asking that Congressapprove an additional two hundred seventy-eight million dollars for next year. Themoney will help to support projects approved by the government nine years ago. Theprojects include improving wetlands in the Picayune Strand in Southwest Florida and repairs to Lake Okeechobee ' s dam. Until now, the state of Florida has spent the most money on the proj ect.I.Another threat biologists have been battling for years in the Everglades is the area ' s population of Burmese pythons (large snakes) . Officials believe there are as many as one hundred fifty thousand of these large snakes in the Everglades ・ But the snakes are a foreign species, native to Southeast Asia. Owners of pythons left their unwanted snakes in the Everglades years ago. Biologists say adult pythons are able toeat small deer and bobcats. When pythons are found in the Everglades, they are often killed. Scientists are now experimenting with other ways to remove the snakes,including trapping methods and offering payments to hunters ・ The future of the Everglades is not clear. However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so that people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure. 31>Efforts toprotect the area wouldbe continued though the future of Everglades is still unknown.32、In order to provide water and flood protection for developed areas and agriculture, the Congress approved the Central and South Florida Project. 33> The Soviet Union placed missiles on the island of Cuba during the Cuban missile crisis.34、With an ecosystem of plants and animals both from Caribbean Sea and North American, Everglades National Park aims at protecting an ecosystem from damage .35、There are only ten percent of wading birds still existing in the Everglades .36、The Burmese pythons are a snake species that originated from Southeast Asia.37、Most people prefer to visit the Everglades in winter.38、The ecosystem of the Everglades was first threatened by actions of colonial settlers.39、Located in the south of Miami, Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical wildness in the US.40、Visitors to the Everglades need to mind the sawgrass because it may cut them. Section CPassage OneMany of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all.We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year； but we know all about the killers and destroyers ・People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors ・It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight ；so do savages ；hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels . Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side z and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it had been in the right. For that is what going to war means； it means saying that might is right.41、The author thinks that the conquerors and generals and soldiers ________________ .A.only appear glorious in history booksB.are greater than any other peopleD . 44、 The author says that civilized peopleC. are not as great as depicted in history booksD. do not really help civilization forward42、 As is indicated in the passage, the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier is put on the highest pillars in the great cities of the world mainly because .A. people respect them very muchB. they fought bravely toprotect their citiesC. people think they fought too brutallyD. they conquered manycities and countries43、 What is the writer's attitude towards the countries that ruled over alarge number of other countries?A. Positive.B. Critical. Respectful. not have any quarrels to settlenot fight when there are no quarrels to settle settle their quarrelswithout fighting settle their quarrels by killing the other side45、 The meaning of the last sentence is that ______________ . A. those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrongB. only those who are powerful should go to warC. those who are right should fight against those who are wrongD. in a war only those who are powerful will winSex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology （意识形态）that biology is destiny （命运）.According to the ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes ・ These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social lif e. Women are the weaker sex —both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties . A woman ' s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics z where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers ； women and children are "dependents".The idea also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses z social workers z elementary school teachers z household helpers z and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women's domestic role. Informal distinctions between "women's work" and "men's work" in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes ・Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is much evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.46、 "Biology is destiny" in the first sentence means that ________________ .A. biological differences determine sex rolesB. one's sex isdetermined before his/her birthC. human cannot control their own fate D . human beings can ' t changetheir sex47、 Jobs such as nursing and teaching are considered suitable for women becauseA. women are physically and emotionally weakerA . shoul dB . shoul dC . shoul dD . shoul dmay reply, intolerant by opinion old saying Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not onlypermitted,B.men are not suited for such j obs C.such jobs grow out of their position in the home D. distinctions are made between "women's work" and "men's work"48、 The author most probably believes role differences exist because________________ .A. there are biological and psychological differences between the sexesB. men and women can make different contributions to societyC. men and women must survive in cooperationD. men and women acquire them from their cultures49、 Which of the following can sum up the main idea of the whole passage?A. Is Biology Destiny?B. An Important Ideology.C. Differences between the Sexes ・D. Sex Roles ・50、 The author looks at sex-defined roles with ______________ .A. enthusiastic approvalB. partial acceptanceC. strong disagreementD. bitter criticismPassage Two "Opinion" is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn't attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. " I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours," and "Everyone's entitled to his opinion," are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may aska friend "what do you think of the new Ford cars?" And he "In my opinion, they' re ugly. " In this case, it would not only be to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it's obvious that he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the goes, "It's pointless to argue about matters of taste."But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not show their personal preferences z their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation.Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with orwithout examining the evidence. but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others.51> What do we learn about opinions from the passage?A. Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.B. Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.C. Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.D. Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels. 52、 According to the author, who of the following would be most possibly labeledas who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions. who can't put up with others' tastes.who values only his own opinions. whose opinions harm other people.53> The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that __________________A. it is foolish to criticize a famous brandB. one should not always agree to others' opinionsC. personal tastes are not something to be challengedD. it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public54、 Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that _______________ .A. it is stated by judges in the courtB. it reflects publiclikes and dislikes A . Someone B . Someone C . Someone D . Someone intolerant?C. it is a result of a lot of controversythought55、 As A. B. C. D. is indicated in thepassage, means that onecan ignore means that onecan impose doesn't mean is the purpose of this passage? give an account of a murder case in explain why Fisher was invited to a describe how cognitive method helps give the readers an idea of cognitive interview. 57、 58、 interviewer mainly plays a _______ .A. directingB. questioning passiveD. secondary C .59、A.B.C. D. D . it is based on careful being free to act on one ' s opinion other people's criticism his preferences on others the right to do things at will doesn't mean that onehas the right to charge others without evidence Six years ago, aMiami woman walking through the hall of an office building casually noticed two menstanding together. Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building. Police investigators determined that the woman was the only witness who had seen the two suspects, and could possibly describe them. In an interview with police, her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later, psychologist Ronald P. Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman. Fisher's interview produced a breakthrough （突破）一the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects . She then recalled several details about his appearances. This information gave police important leads that enabled them to arrest the suspects and close the case.Police investigators sought the help from Fisher because of his rich knowledge in conducting the so-called cognitive （认矢口的） interview, a kind of memory-rebuilding process. In its original form, the cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events z reporting everything that comes to mind about those events no matter how broken or unconnected, retelling events in a variety of time orders, beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward, and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.Usually, an interviewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions. The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions. The interviewer then goes further with specifictechniques, such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives.Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they get nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same.56、an office. police interview. the woman torecall.The cognitive interview helped the woman to recall more by __________________ .A. strengthening her memory B . giving her encouragementC. rebuilding her memoryIt can he inferred from the passage that in a cognitive interview, the What is the key point of the cognitive interview? The interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time. The witness is encouraged to take an active role in recalling information. The interview should take place outside the police station. The witness shouldrecall details at the scene of the event.60、 Police trained in the cognitive interview method can _________________A. get more information from the witness than beforeWhat A . T o B . T o C . T o D. T o。
大学英语四级阅读模拟题及答案(3篇)
大学英语四级阅读模拟题及答案阅读1空调的危害Although many of us may feel air-conditioners bring relief from hot,humid or polluted outside air,they pose many potential health hazards.Much research has looked at how the movement of air inside a closed environment---such as an office building---can spread disease or expose people in the building to harmful chemicals.One of the more widely publicized dangers is that of Legionnaire’s disease,which was first recognized inthe1970s.This was found to have affected people in buildings with air-conditioning systems in which warmair pumped out of the system’cooling towers was somehow sucked back into the air intake(通风口),in mostcases due to poor design.The warm air,filled with bacteria,was combined with cooled,conditioned air andwas then circulated around various parts of the building. Studies showed that even people outside such buildings were at risk if they walked past air exhaust pipes.Large air-conditioning systems add water to the air they circulate by means of humidifiers(湿度调节器).Inolder systems,the water used for this process is kept in special reservoirs,the bottoms of which providebreeding grounds for bacteria which can find their way into the ventilation (通风)system.The risk to human health from this situation has been highlighted by the fact that the immune systems(免疫系统)of approximately half of workers in air-conditioned office buildings have developed the ability to fight off the organisms found at the bottom of system reservoirs. But chemicals called“biocides”are added to reservoirs to make them germ-free,and they are dangerous in their own right in sufficient quantities,as they often contain compounds strongly linked to cancers.Finally,it should be pointed out that the artificial climatic environment created byair-conditioners canalso affect us.In a natural environment,whether indoor or outdoor,there are small variations in temperature and humidity.Indeed,the human body has long been accustomed to these normal changes.In an air-conditioned living or working environment,however,body temperatures remain well under37℃,our normal temperature.This leads to a weakened immune system and thus greater exposure to diseases such as colds and flu.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.What do we know about Legionnaire's disease from the passage?A.It was the most widely concerned office hazard.B.It can affect people both inside and outside the building.C.It happens only in air-conditioned office buildings.D.It does not develop in well-designed buildings.2.In the old air-conditioned systems,bacteria first develop______.A.in the reservoirsB.in the ventilation systemc.in the humidifiersD.in the air intake3.The fact that about half of workers developed the ability to fight off the bacteria may__.A.relieve people’s worry about the danger caused by the bacteriaB.help people find an effective way to get rid of the bacteriaC.reflect the serious danger brought by the bacteriaD.cause serious disease such as cancers to people4.The author most probably wants the readers to treat biocides with an attitude of_.A.cautionB.trustC.enthusiasmD.criticism5.The last paragraph implies that our immune system can be weakened when_•A.we live in an artificial climatic environmentB.there are variations in temperature and humidityC.our body temperatures often remain not high enoughD.we are often exposed to diseases such as colds and flu答案解析：1.[B]事实细节题。
大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷131(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷131(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading ComprehensionSection AA study of the physical activity habits of 4 563 adults found that those who said they did the most housework were also the largest. The findings challenge Public Health England and the World Health Organization’s endorsement of household chores(家庭杂务)as a【C1】______contribution towards a recommended target of 150 minutes of physical activity a week. The study, carried out by Professor Marie Murphy and her colleagues at the University of Ulster, found that women and older people were particularly likely to list domestic physical activity as a significant【C2】______of their moderate to vigorous physical activity. But the study found that those who said they did the most were also the largest. Murphy said: “We found housework was inversely(相反地) 【C3】______to leanness, which suggests that either people are overestimating the amount of moderate-intensity physical activity they do through housework or are eating too much to【C4】______for the amount of activity undertaken. “Kevin Fenton, director of health and wellbeing at Public Health England, suggested the study could【C5】______evidence that some people thought they were healthier than they actually were. “At an individual level there may be a 【C6】______to overestimate the level of ‘good behavior’we’re doing and this is reflected when people use food diaries, pedometers or apps to measure more【C7】______what they have achieved. This study may reflect this,” he said. But he【C8】______everyday tasks as genuinely useful. He added: “From an individual【C9】______, physical activities such as housework, doing the shopping and walking to collect children from school or to post a letter, can have positive【C10】______on physical and mental wellbeing. “A)ambition F)intelligible K)reinforceB)barren G)objectively L)relatedC)compensate H)perspective M)scandalsD)defended I)probably N)tendencyE)impacts J)proportion O)worthwhile1．【C1】正确答案：O解析：形容词辨析题。
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洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used -what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools andtechnology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of mus
ic can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph
(留声机) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand
years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra（交响乐）.
Sheet music（乐谱）or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by earrather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation（乐谱）has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.
One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers a
nd other developments. This is all part of the “information revolution”, a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.
31. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ____.
A) it helps produce new cultural tools and technology
B) it can reflect the development of the nation
C) it helps understand the nation’s past and present
D) it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization
32. It can be learned from this passage that ____.
A) the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music
B) Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in t
he symphony orchestra
C) the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and West ern music
D) the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis
of Near Eastern music
33. According to the author, music notation is important because____.
A) it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to
read it
B) it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians
C) it is the printed version of standardized folk music
D) it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs
34. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electro
nic media into the world of music ____.
A) has brought about an information revolution
B) has speeded up the appearance of a new generation of computers
C) has given rise to new forms of music culture
D) has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments
35. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A) Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.
B) Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.
C) Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.
D) The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.
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