英国文学史分时期总结作家作品
英国文学史及作品选读

英国文学史及作品选读
以下是英国文学史的主要时期和一些著名的作品选读:
中世纪文学(5世纪-1485年)
《贝奥武夫》:一部史诗,讲述亚瑟王时代的英雄故事。
《坎特伯雷故事集》:乔叟的作品,包含一组个性鲜明的故事,反映了中世纪社会的不同面貌。
文艺复兴时期(1485年-1660年)
《亨利五世》:莎士比亚的历史剧,描绘了亨利五世在百年战争中的英勇事迹。
《哈姆雷特》:莎士比亚的悲剧,探讨了复仇、疯狂和人性的复杂主题。
17世纪文学
《失乐园》:约翰·弥尔顿的史诗,描写了亚当和夏娃失去乐园的故事,探讨了人类的起源和自由意志的主题。
18世纪文学
《格列佛游记》:乔纳森·斯威夫特的作品,通过幽默和讽刺描绘了一个虚构的旅行故事,暗示了当时社会和政治的弊病。
浪漫主义时期(1798年-1837年)
《弃婴》:威廉·华兹华斯的诗集,以自然、个人感受和内心体验为主题,表达了对自然和人类情感的追求。
《雾都孤儿》:查尔斯·狄更斯的小说,描绘了贫困和社会不公的问题,以及主人公的成长和奋斗。
维多利亚时期(1837年-1901年)
《简·爱》:夏洛蒂·勃朗特的小说,讲述了一个普通女子经历的情感和成长故事。
《傲慢与偏见》:简·奥斯汀的小说,以幽默和机智揭示了当时社会的阶级和婚姻观念。
英国文学史个时期作者作品及地位对应表

英国文学史个时期作者作品及地位对应表英国文学史个时期作者作品及地位对应表英国文学作家作品列表Period Historical Background Life Time Name CN Name Writings CN Writings NotesEarly&Medieval Period(449-1485) 早期中世纪时期(poetry, Romance, Popular ballad)英国中世纪文学史大致可分为盎格鲁-撒克逊(The Anglo-SaxonPeriod,449-1066)和中古英语(The MiddleEnglishPeriod,1066-1485)两个时期。
The making of theEngland: Jutes, Anglesand Saxons invadedAlbion and combinedinto one UnitedKingdom-the700-750 Boewulf 贝奥武甫英国的民族史诗(the national epic of theEnglish people) stricking feature:alliteration, metaphors andunderstatements.England.Their dialects gradually grew into a single language called Anglo-Saxon, or Old English.Feudal system was established;Roman Catholic Church controlled over the country. 1343-1400GeoffreyChaucer杰弗利·乔叟The Canterbury Tales(Masterpiece)坎特伯雷故事集the Father of English poetry英国诗歌之父,the forerunner of English renaissance英国文艺复兴先驱,metrical form (格律形式) laidthe foundation of the English verse格律形式奠定了基础的英语节律,the heroic couplet英雄双韵体RenaissancePeriod(Humanism) (late 15th century ~ early 17th century)文艺复兴伊丽莎白时代(The Elizabethan Age)的英国戏剧是英国文艺复兴时期所有文学形式中最辉煌的一种,代表了英国乃至整个欧洲文艺复兴时期文学创作的最高成就。
英国文学简史分类

英国文学简史分类一、古英国文学古英国文学是指公元5世纪至公元11世纪之间的英国文学作品。
这一时期的文学作品主要以英国盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的口头传承方式流传下来。
最早的古英国文学作品是口头传承的史诗,如《贝奥武夫》和《西德里克史诗》。
这些作品描绘了英雄壮举和神话传说,展现了古英国人的价值观和文化背景。
二、中世纪文学中世纪文学是指公元11世纪至15世纪之间的英国文学作品。
这一时期的文学作品受到基督教和法国文学的影响,主题涉及爱情、骑士精神和宗教信仰等。
最著名的中世纪文学作品是《亚瑟王传奇》,它描绘了亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事,体现了骑士精神和中世纪的价值观。
此外,还有一些宗教戏剧,如《诗篇》和《谢弗尔诗篇》等,用于教育和传播基督教信仰。
三、文艺复兴文学文艺复兴文学是指16世纪至17世纪初期的英国文学作品。
这一时期的文学作品受到古希腊罗马文化的影响,主题多样化,包括诗歌、戏剧、散文等。
著名的文艺复兴文学作品包括莎士比亚的戏剧作品,如《哈姆雷特》和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》,以及约翰·米尔顿的史诗《失乐园》等。
这些作品在文学史上具有重要地位,对后世的文学创作产生了深远影响。
四、启蒙时代文学启蒙时代文学是指18世纪的英国文学作品。
这一时期的文学作品反映了对理性、科学和人权的追求。
著名的启蒙时代作家包括约翰·洛克、伊莱扎·海伍德和亚当·斯密等。
他们的作品涉及政治、哲学和经济等领域,对当时社会产生了重要影响。
其中,洛克的《人类理解论》被认为是启蒙运动的经典之作。
五、浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学是指19世纪初期的英国文学作品。
这一时期的文学作品强调个人情感、自然景观和想象力。
著名的浪漫主义作家包括威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治和乔治·戈登·拜伦等。
他们的作品描绘了自然的壮丽和人类的内心世界,对后世文学产生了深远影响。
其中,华兹华斯的《抒情诗集》被誉为浪漫主义诗歌的代表作品。
英国文学7个时期

英国文学7个时期英国文学7个时期英国文学发端于中世纪,经历了古英语、中古英语、文艺复兴、17世纪、18世纪、19世纪、20 世纪文学7 个时期,取得了举世瞩目的成就。
古英语文学英国在10世纪以前属于古英语时期,早期的凯尔特等部族及 5 世纪入侵的盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特人,起初都没有留下书面文学。
6世纪末到7世纪末,由于肯特国王阿瑟尔伯特皈依基督教,该教僧侣开始以拉丁文著书写诗,其中以比德所著《英国人民宗教史》最有历史和文学价值。
9世纪,威塞克斯国王阿尔弗雷德为振兴文化,组织人力将各种拉丁文著作译成英语,并倡导以英语撰写《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》,其中包括有关盎格鲁-撒克逊和朱特人的英雄史诗《贝奥武甫》和《朱迪斯》,以及一些抒情诗、方言诗、谜语和宗教诗、宗教记述文、布道词。
中古英语文学11世纪,随着诺曼人入侵,古英语渐渐演化为中古英语,文学上开始流行模仿法国的韵文体骑士传奇,其中以《高文骑士与绿衣骑士》最有艺术价值。
14世纪后半叶是中古英语发展的高峰,出现了似受古英语诗影响的口头韵体诗,最有名的长诗《农夫彼尔斯的幻想》,一般认为是教会人员朗兰德所写,以中世纪梦幻故事的形式探讨人间善恶,讽刺社会丑行,表达对贫苦农民的深切同情。
此时期国王查理第二当政,宫廷开始用盎格鲁-诺曼法语,王室贵族兴起赞助文人之风。
英国文学史上出现的第一位大诗人乔叟以其诗体短篇小说集《坎特伯雷故事集》和其他长短诗集成为英国文学的重要奠基人。
15世纪,有民间歌谣抄本流传至今,最有名的是关于绿林好汉罗宾汉的传说;马洛礼的散文小说《亚瑟王之死》为英国小说的雏形。
文艺复兴时期文学16世纪中叶至17世纪初主要是伊丽莎白女王时代,英国开始文艺复兴运动。
学者纷纷翻译意大利和法国学术、文学名著并自行著述,以托马斯· 莫尔(1477~1535)的《乌托邦》最有价值。
英国文艺复兴文学最突出的是诗歌和戏剧。
西德尼( 1554~1586 )的十四行诗、斯宾塞的《仙后》都是诗歌方面的代表作。
英国文学简史

英国文学简史古英语时期(Old English Period)时间:450-1600背景:盎格鲁撒克逊人(Anglo-Saxon)入侵英国作品种类:史诗(epic)代表作家:不详代表作品:贝奥武夫(Beowulf)中世纪英语时期(Middle English Period)时间:1066-1500背景:诺曼人(Normans)征服英国作品种类:传奇(Romans)代表作家:不详代表作品:高文爵士和绿骑士(Sir Gawain and the Green Knight)文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance)时间:1500-1660背景:新航路开辟,伊丽莎白一世登基,自然科学技术的发展。
作品种类:戏剧(drama),诗歌(poetry)代表作家:莎士比亚(William Shakespeare)代表作品:哈姆雷特(Hamlet)17世纪时期(The 17th Century)时间:1603-1688背景:资产阶级革命与复辟时期作品种类:散文(essay),史诗(epic),寓言故事(allegory),诗歌(poetry)代表作家:弥尔顿(John Milton)代表作品:失乐园(paradise lost)新古典主义时期(The Neoclassical Period)时间:1660-1785背景:启蒙运动作品种类:散文(essay),小说(novel),诗歌(poetry)代表作家:亚历山大.蒲泊(Alexander Pope)代表作品:An Essay on Man浪漫主义时期(The Romantic Period)时间:1798-1832背景:法国大革命,工业革命作品种类:诗歌(poetry)代表作家:雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley)代表作品:西风颂(Ode to the West Wind)维多利亚时期(The Victorian Period)时间:1832-1900背景:维多利亚女王统治时期,资本主义经济发展,自然科学的发展作品种类:小说(novel)代表作家:狄更斯(Charles Dickens)代表作品:远大前程(Great Expectations)现代主义时期(The Modern Period)时间:1914-1965背景:第二次世界大战,人们对西方文明的危机感作品种类:诗歌(poetry),小说(poetry)代表作家:艾略特(T.S Eliot)代表作品:荒原(The Waste Land)The Middle English PeriodGeoffrey ChaucerSpecial featuresThe first most significant poet in English literary history to write in Middle English.Help perfect English language as as a literary medium.A first rate story-teller. Reading him can be an immensely enlightening and educational experience.Points of viewEnormous sense of humor.Loyalty to reality. A master of realism.Infinite sense of humanity.Major WorksCanterbury TalesA collection of 20-odd stories.Similar with Boccacio’s Decameron.Including 20 complete stories and 4 fragments---already an amazing number.People come from virtually all walks of life. A picture of 14-century English life.Place women on an equal footing with men.(“The Wife of Bath’s Tale” What is that women desire most?)Prominence: The holy orders and the middle classThomas MoreSpecial featuresThe wisest and noblest person that lived then.Privy councilor to the king.Beheaded by the king because of he did not go along with the king’s divorce.Points of viewMore was first and foremost a humanist at heart.Major WorksUtopiaLook forward to the future of man.Offer an ideal which has inspired generations of serious social thinkers. An imaginary country where democracy replaces tyranny, commonwealth replaces private property.Its strict adherence to conformity, simplicity and monotony is totally incompatible with human nature, and curbs individual rights and freedom.Its slavery system goes against individual dignity and self-worth.The utopian society is clearly male-dominated.RenaissanceSpenserSpecial featuresOne of the most important English poets.Milton calls him his “poetic father”Points of viewDetermined to revive Chaucer’s poetic legacy and reinvent English poetry.Conformed to morality and Christian dogmas.Major WorksThe Faerie QueenA grand epic poem“The only long poem that a lover of poetry can sincerely wish longer”Picturesque, rhyme, theme, plot.William ShakespeareSpecial featuresMost popular and most widely respected writer in all English literature. Careful rumination over human condition andsupreme understanding of human nature.His poets drew great attention for their grace in form, depth in thought, and vivacity in tone.His dramatic works:Early period:histories and comediesMiddle period:tragicLate period:Romances&serenityPoints of viewHis universe is a veritable microcosm of the human world, where all types of people exist.He has the common life of the common run of mankind in mind in his literary creations.His cosmos is highly moral with a sense of certitude and justice.He sees reflection of life as legitimate job of a playwright.Major WorksBlack comedyIndividual worthA faithful record of the mood and tenor of the timesFrancis BaconSpecial featuresHis inductive method of reasoning and learning; he valued experience and observation.His prose is fresh, vigorous, powerful, and aphoristic so that he was able to dominate English prose for decades.Bacon’s essays was the first of its kind to appear in English literature. Major WorksHuman nature, political concerns and socio-economic ideas.John MiltonSpecial featuresThe third greatest English poet after Chaucer and Shakespeare.The greatest to come out of the 17th century.His experience with the telescope helped him visualize haven, earth and hell.Major WorksParadise Lost made its author the greatest modern epic poet in English literary history.About biblical story of creation.Samson Agonistes was patterned on Greek tragedies.The character of Samson offers an obvious outlet of self-expression for the poet who resembled the biblical hero in more than one way. Lycidas has certainly proved to be a frame of reference for the writing of the genre of pastoral elegies.John BunyanSpecial features“No one can please God more than I do.”He was known as “Bishop Bunyan”.His prose has a striking modern ring. It has paved the way for the rise of the modern English novel.He became a great force in the history of English prose without ever desiring it.Major WorksThe Pilgrim’s Progress is an allegory.A medieval miracle play with vivid and lively personifications of virtues and vices and all the human qualities in between.The Classic AgeThomas GraySpecial featuresA poet of transition form the neoclassic to the Romantic period.A forerunner of the Romantic movement both in subjects and simple language.Gray is famous for his letter writing.Oliver GoldsmithSpecial featuresGoldsmith is prone to a kind of idealizing and sentimentality that is always easy for modern people to comprehend.Points of viewGoldsmith’s poem was written in the fashionable heroic couplet of the time.The author’s sentiments of grief and nostalgia are genuine and convincing.Major WorksShe stoops to conquerAs a satire on the artificial and pretentious behavior of the day, the play exalts the quality of t ruth and honest feeling.The salutary influence the play exercised on the 18th century is considerable.Goldsmith’s dialogues are vivacious and immensely humorous, and the whole performance impressed the audience with its vitality and joyful mood.The Vicar of WakefieldHis wit, humor, his craft of planning ballads and tales within tales, and his philosophical depth, which all make for the fascination it holds for its readers, modern as well as ancient.William BlakeSpecial featuresAn important landmark in between two literary periods, pointing directly to that of Romanticism.His poets: his social events and his mysticism.He is noted or his originality both in theme and form.Points of view“Without contrast and contraries, there is no progression.”Blake was basically a visionary. His fight was a “mental” fight, one that he hoped would restore England to spiritual and social health.Major WorksBy far his most powerful and the most permanent are Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience.Jonathan SwiftSpecial featuresThe literary king of his day. He wrote a lot of powerful satirical essays and books.His lucid and terse prose has contributed not a little toward the development of the best English prose tradition.Points of viewHis satires on human institutions and social ills were all meant tohelp improve the lot of man.Major WorksGulliver’s TravelsGulliver is a man observant to all the 18th century values, while Swift was, on the other hand, a man intensely critical of his time.The author is different from the narrator, and the author would like people to think twice about what Gulliver disapprove of. Gulliver is part of the author’s satire.Daniel DefoeSpecial featuresA firm supporter of the Glorious Revolution.Points of viewHis views on the novel focus on its realism and aesthetic.“Any story failing to deal with the human experience is pure fiction and a lie.”His protagonists are common people with real common names and speak as “I”, telling their own stories in the first-person narrative.As a moralist, he wrote with the conviction that his works wouldbe educational and help people behave.Major WorksRobinson CrusoeA middle class book, offering justifications for the class’forthcoming rise to pre-dominance in national life.A typical show of Puritan individualism.(self-reliance andhard-working)The creation of the world and and self-identity.An ordinary humankind’s self-made success.。
英国文学 各个时期介绍

and writing an exact man.
? 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人 准确。
? Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores.
? 读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人 周密,科学使人深刻,伦理学使人庄重, 逻辑修辞之学使人善辩:凡有所学,皆成 性格。
威廉?莎士比亚
? William Shakespeare ? 1564~1616 ? 英国戏剧之父 ? 两首长诗,154首十四行诗和38部(或39
部)戏剧
莎士比亚 历史剧
? 概括了英国历史上百余年间的动乱,塑造 了一系列正、反面君主形象,反映了莎士 比亚反对封建割据,拥护中央集权,谴责 暴君暴政,要求开明君主进行自上而下改 革,建立和谐社会关系的人文主义政治与 道德理想。
莎士比亚 喜剧
? 大多以爱情、友谊、婚姻为主题,主人公 多为具有人文主义智慧与美德的青年男女 ,通过他们争取自由、幸福的斗争,歌颂 进步、美好的新人新风,同时也温和地揭 露和嘲讽旧事物的衰腐和丑恶。这一时期 的戏剧创作的基本情调是乐观、明朗的, 充满着以人文主义理想解决社会矛盾的信 心
Excalibur
杰弗利·乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer
? 约1343~1400 ? “英国诗歌之父” ? 乔叟的诗歌创作分为三个时期 ? ①法国影响时期 ? ②意大利影响时期 ? ③成熟时期 ? 《坎特伯雷故事》The Canterbury Tales ? 英国文学史上现实主义的第一部典范。
英国文学的发展及其代表作品

英国文学的发展及其代表作品引言英国文学是世界文学中一个极其重要的组成部分,具有悠久而辉煌的历史。
本文将探讨英国文学的发展历程,并介绍一些代表性的英国文学作品。
古代英国文学1.安格鲁-撒克逊时期(5世纪至11世纪)•凯尔特传统和民间故事•赫鲁晓斯史诗《贝奥武夫》2.中世纪文学(11世纪至15世纪)•亚瑟王传说(如马拉里《亚瑟王与圆桌骑士》)•杰弗里·乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》文艺复兴时期1.伊丽莎白时代(16世纪末至17世纪初)•威廉·莎士比亚的戏剧作品(如《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)•约翰·密尔顿的史诗作品《失乐园》2.马洛里时代(17世纪中期至18世纪初)•约翰·邓恩的诗集《鸟》•亚历山大·蒲柏的散文作品浪漫主义和维多利亚时代1.浪漫主义(18世纪末至19世纪初)•威廉·华兹华斯和塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治的诗歌作品•简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》2.维多利亚时代(19世纪中期至20世纪初)•查尔斯·狄更斯的小说作品(如《雾都孤儿》、《双城记》)•奥斯卡·王尔德的戏剧作品(如《道林·格雷的画像》)现代英国文学1.20世纪早期•维吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说《到灯塔去》•T.S.艾略特的诗歌集《荒原》2.当代文学•伊恩·麦克尤恩的小说作品(如《失落之城》、《英国病人》)•玛格丽特·阿特伍德的小说作品(如《使女的故事》)结论英国文学在各个时期都有着令人惊叹的成就,塑造了世界文学的重要角色。
从古代传统到现代创新,英国文学将继续为我们带来无尽的享受和启发。
注:以上只是一些代表性的英国文学作品,因篇幅限制未能详尽涵盖全部作品。
英国文学史--最全总结中英

盎格鲁撒克逊时代426—1066盎格鲁诺曼时代1066—1350Chaucder乔叟时代 1350—1485莎士比亚时代1564—1636清教徒时代 Puritan 1636—1660古典主义时代 1660—1744约翰逊时代 1744—1785浪漫主义时代1786—1832维多利亚时代 1832—1900现代第一章Anglo-Saxon (426—1066)旧约:上帝创世纪新约:耶稣古英语诗歌分为的世俗的1.Beowulf 史诗(三千行的长诗,关于英雄战绩的故事)2.文字来源于日耳曼系3.基督教的文学:瑞特文的故事Caedmon第二章Angol-Norman(1066—1350)中世纪英语:基督教义,自我拯救1.传奇文学---传奇的兴起Romances1)容:传奇好像现在的长篇,有诗,有散文唯一的描写古代的高贵的英雄所经历的冒险生活和恋爱故事。
2)产生:传奇文学完全是由中世纪的“骑士制度”(Chivalry)所产生的,骑士制度的精神产物就是传奇文学所以他们和平民丝毫没有关系,且平民也绝写不出这一类的文字。
3)分类:不列颠的事迹 the matter of Britain法国的事迹罗马的事迹第三章:乔叟的时代(1350—1458)背景:百年战争(The Hundred’s War)1.Geoffrey Chaucer:文艺复兴以前,英国文学界最伟大的人物。
The Canterbury Tales1)三个阶段:第一时期--早年—模仿法国简短的情歌和寓言第二时期—研究意大利文艺的时期第三时期—在文学上成功的时期,为他自己以国文写作的时期2).近代诗人英文作家中,第一个以浪漫作风写男女日常生活的人3).特点:反对迫害,反对禁欲,文艺复兴的报春者a他在英语上发明音调b他把英国中部的日常言语加以修改,以告成英文与英国文学。
c完美的音律,倾向于音乐化d 创设接近社会生活的作品;眼光思想都很广阔;音乐的眼光第四章:民间文学1.歌谣的来源:歌德Geothe说:民歌的价值,全在直接从“自然“中得到它的原动力。
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英语文学史分时期总结作家作品<Beowulf>贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-SaxonsEpic:long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated.e.g. Homer’s Iliad and OdysseyArtistic features:1. Using alliterationDefinition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound(头韵)Some examples on P52. Using metaphor and understatementDefinition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideasGeoffery Chaucer 杰弗里•乔叟1340(?)~1400(首创“双韵体”,英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。
约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)称其为“英国诗歌之父”。
代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。
)The father of English poetry.writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.①<The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集:first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体) by middle English②<Troilus and Criseyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德③<The House of Fame>声誉之宫Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)Famous three:King ArthurSir Gawain and the Green KnightBeowulfThe Renaissance PeriodA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:1. new discoveries in geography and astrology2. the religious reformation and economic expansion3. rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureThe most famous dramatists:Christopher MarloweWilliam ShakespeareBen Johnson.1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599(后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。
)The poets’poet.Th e first to be buried in the Poet’s corner of Westerminster AbbeyThe theme is not “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”. Artistic features:1. Using Spenserian StanzaDefinition of Spenserian Stanza:a stanza of nine lines ababbcbcc. Eight lines in iambic pentameter, and last line in iambic hexameter.②<The Shepherds Calendar>牧人日历The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalind.③<Amoretti>爱情小唱n2. Thomasl More托马斯•莫尔1478~1535One of the greatest English humanists①<Utopia>乌托邦n3. Francisl Bacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626(哲学家、散文家;在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断;近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。
)Philosopher, scientist, lay the foundation for modern science. The first English essayist.nWriting style:brevity, compactness&powerfulness, well-arranging and enriching by Biblical allusions, metaphors and philosophy to man’s reason.①<The Advancement of Learning>学术的推进The theme of Of Studies: uses and benefits of study and different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies.4. Ben Jonson①<Comedy of Humours>②<V olpone, or the fox>狐狸5. Christopherl Marlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595“University Wits”, the pioneer of English drama(完善了无韵体诗。
)Blank verse: written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.①<The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus>浮士德博士的悲剧(根据德国民间故事书写成)②<Tamburlaine>帖木耳大帝n③<The Jew of Malta>马耳他的犹太人6. William Shakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616l①Historical plays:Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ;Richard II;Henry VIII②Four Comedies: <As You Like It>皆大欢喜; <Twelfth Night>第十二夜; <A Midsummer Night’S Dream>仲夏夜之梦; <Merchant Of Venice>威尼斯商人③Four Tragedies: <Hamlet>哈姆莱特; <Othello>奥赛罗; <King Lear>李尔王; <Macbeth>麦克白④Shakespeare Sonnet :154 <The Sonnets>Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefggA sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.英国文学史资料British Writers and Works 2The Renaissance PeriodA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:1. new discoveries in geography and astrology2. the religious reformation and economic expansion3. rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureThe most famous dramatists:Christopher MarloweWilliam ShakespeareBen Johnson.1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599(后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。