翻译理论】翻译学术语列表
二十个英语翻译术语

二十个翻译术语解释1.归化:“采取民族中心主义的态度,使外语文本符合译入语的文化价值观,把原作者带入译语语文化”【Lawrence V enuti】即在翻译中尽可能用本民族的方式去表现外来作品。
归化法要求译者向译语读者靠拢,采取译语读者习惯的译语表达方式,来传达原文的内容。
归化的目的是力求译文通顺易懂,能为译语读者所接受。
2.异化:“对这些文化价值观的一种民族偏离主义的压力,接受外语文本的语言及文化差异,把读者带入外国情境”【Lawrence V enuti】异化法要求译者向作者靠拢,采取相应于作者使用的原语表达方式,来传达原文的内容。
“(翻译)必须有异国情调,就是所谓的洋气”【鲁迅】异化可以很好的保留或传递原文文化内涵,但对不熟悉源语的读者而言阅读有一定难度。
3.语际翻译:(interlingual translation)。
两种(或多种)语言在它们共同构成的跨语言语境中进行的意义交流。
语际翻译更关注如何在更为广阔的地平域和更广阔的(跨)文化天地中实现异质语言的相互对接和转换----以意义为标尺,以交流为目的的语符转换。
对地域性的倾向。
(简单来说,语际翻译就是不同语际之间的翻译活动)4.语内翻译:(intralingual translation)某一种语言内部为着某种目的进行的词句意义的转换。
语内翻译总是把经典的或非经典的历史文本当作转化的对象,并且以译者所在场的文化语境为标尺师徒把历史文本改造为现代文本。
对历史性的关注。
(简单来说就是同一语言的各个语言变体之间的翻译)5.连续传译:又称“交替传译”或“即席口译”,简称“连传”或“交传”,它是在发言人讲完部分内容或全部内容后,由译员进行翻译。
这种口译方式可以在很多场合下采用,如演讲、祝辞、授课、谈判、情况介绍会、会议发言、新闻发布会等。
一般认为,连续传译的正式职业化是在第一次世界大战后,1919年的“巴黎和会”上大批量地正式使用连续传译。
6.同声传译:(simultaneous interpretation)简称同传,又称同声翻译、同步口译。
翻译理论知识概要

翻译理论知识概要第一部分:翻译术语1. Definitions of translationTranslation can be roughly defined as a reproduction or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language. Being a very complicated human activity, its whole picture is never easy to describe. Scholars with different academic backgrounds have attempted to define it from various perspectives.(1). Linguistic Views on TranslationTranslation theorists from the linguistic school conceive of translation as a linguistic activity and some believe that translation theory is a branch of linguistics, approaching the issues of translating primarily from the viewpoint of the linguistic differences between source and target texts.Translation may be defined as the replacement of textual material in one language (the source language) by equivalent textual material in another language (the target language). (Catford, 1965: 20).Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida & Taber,1969:12).Translation theory derives from comparative linguistics, and within linguistics, it is mainly an aspect of semantics; all questions of semantics relate to translation theory. (Newmark, 1982 /1988:5).(2). Cultural Views on TranslationIn the cultural approach, translation is regarded not only as a transfer of linguistic signs, but also as a communication of cultures, i.e. translation is an "intercultural communication"; hence the terms of "intercultural cooperation", "acculturation", and "transculturation".Translation is a process which occurs between cultures rather than simply between languages {Shuttleworth & Cowie,1997:35).A translator who uses a cultural approach is simply recognizing that each language contains elements which are derived from its culture (such as greetings, fixed expressions and REALIA), that every text is anchored in a specific culture, and that conventions of text production and reception vary from culture to culture (Shuttleworth & Cowie1997:35).For truly successful translating, biculturalism is even more important than bilingualism, since words only have meanings in terms of the cultures in which they function. (Nida, 2001:82).翻译不仅涉及语言问题,也涉及文化问题。
翻译学术语

成品取向翻译研究
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Professional norms
翻译规范
切斯特曼(Chesterman)
Prospective translation
前瞻式翻译
波斯特盖特(Postgate)
Prototext
原型文本
【翻译理论】翻译学术语列表
本帖最后由jeremy于2010-5-3 16:27编辑
术语
翻译
贡献者
Absolute Translation
绝对翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Abstract Translation
摘要翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Abusive translation
滥译
路易斯(Lewis)
Overlapping translation
重合翻译
赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)
Overt translation
显型翻译
豪斯(House)
Overtranslation
超额翻译
维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)
Paradigmatic equivalence
范式对等
Differance
分延
德里达(Derrida)
Doentary translation
文献型翻译
诺德(Nord)
Domesticating translation
归化翻译
韦努狄(Venuti)
Dynamic equivalence
动态对等
奈达(Nida)
Dynamic fidelity
翻译术语(理论笔译)

Absolute translation 绝对翻译古阿德克(Gouadec)Abstract translation 摘要翻译古阿德克(Gouadec)Abusive translation 滥译路易斯(Lewis)Acceptability 可接受性托利(Toury)Accuracy 准确Adaptation 改编Adequacy 充分性Adjustment 调整Analogical form 类同形式霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Analysis 分析奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Applied translation studies 应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Architranseme (ATR)元译素·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Autonomy Spectrum 自立幅度罗斯(Rose)Autotranslation 自译波波维奇(Popovic)Back translation 回译Class shift 词类转换礼德(Halliday)Close translation 贴近翻译纽马克(Newmark)Communicative translation 传意翻译;交际翻译纽马克(Newmark)Community interpreting 社群传译Compensation 补偿赫维(Hervey)Competence 能力托利(Toury)Componential analysis 语义成分分析奈达(Nida)Comprehensive theory 综合理论Conference interpreting 会议传译Consecutive interpreting 接续传译Contextual consistency 语境一致奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Conventions 常规诺德(Nord)Corpora 语料库Correspondence 对应Court interpreting 法庭传译Covert translation 隐型翻译豪斯(House)]Creative transposition 创造性移位雅可布逊Creative treason 创造性叛逆罗伯特·埃斯卡皮(Robert Escarpi)Deconstruction 解构主义德里达(Derrida)Descriptive translation studies 描写性翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Diagrammatic translation 图表翻译古阿德克(Gouadec)Differance 分延德里达(Derrida)Documentary translation 文献型翻译诺德(Nord)Domesticating translation 归化翻译韦努狄(Venuti)Dynamic equivalence 动态对等奈达(Nida)Dynamic fidelity 动态忠信比克曼(Beekman)与卡洛(Callow)Effort models 用功模式贾尔(Gile)Equivalence 对等Excluded receiver 非目标接受者皮姆(Pym)Exegetic translation 诠释性翻译赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Exoticism 异国情调赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Expectancy norms 期待规切斯特曼(Chesterman)Explicitation 明示维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)Expressive text 表情型文本赖斯(Reiss)Extraneous form 外来形式霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Faithfulness 忠实Foreignizing translation 异化翻译韦努狄(Venuti)Formal corresponding 形式对应卡特福德(Catford)Formal equivalence 形式对等奈达(Nida)Free translation [sense-for-sense translation 意对意翻译] {literal translation 字面翻译;word-for-word translation词对词翻译} 自由译Full translation 全文翻译General theories of translation 普通翻译理论霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Gist translation 要旨翻译赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Gloss translation 释词翻译奈达(Nida)Grammatical transposition 语法置换赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Hermeneutic motion 诠释步骤斯坦纳(Steiner)Hierarchy of Correspondences 对应层级霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Horizontal translation 横向翻译福勒纳(Folena)Hyperinformation 超额信息赖斯(Reiss)和弗米尔(Vermeer)Idiomatic translation 地道翻译比克曼(Beekman)与卡洛(Callow)Imitation 拟译 1.德莱顿(Dryden)2.利弗威尔(Lefevere)Indeterminacy 不确定性Information offer 信息提供弗米尔(Vermeer)Informative texts 信息文本赖斯(Reiss)Initial norms 初始规托利(Toury)Instrumental translation 工具翻译诺德(Nord)Integral translation 整合翻译·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Interlineal translation 隔行翻译{free translation} 赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Interlinear translation 逐行翻译Interlingual translation 语际翻译雅可布逊(Jacobson)Intersemiotic translation 符际翻译雅可布逊(Jacobson)Intralingual translation 语翻译雅可布逊(Jacobson)Intra-system shift 系统转换卡特福德(Catford)Inverse translation 逆向翻译Kernel sentence 核心句Keyword translation 关键词翻译古阿德克(Gouadec)Level shift 层次转换卡特福德(Catford)Lexical translation 词汇翻译卡特福德(Catford)Liaison interpreting[Bilateral interpreting 双边传译] 联络传译凯斯(Keith)Linguistic translation 语言翻译Literal translation 字面翻译;直译Mapping 图谱霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Matricial norms 矩阵规托利(Toury)Meta-language 元语言霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Metatext 元文本Mimetic form 模仿形式霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Mutation 变异·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Naturalness 自然性Negative shift 负面转换Norms 规Obligatory equivalents 必要对等语奈达(Nida)Oblique translation 曲径翻译维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)Operational model 操作模式巴斯盖特(Bathgate)Operational norms 操作规托利(Toury)Optional equivalents 可换对等语奈达(Nida)Overlapping translation 重合翻译赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Overt translation 显型翻译豪斯(House)Overtranslation 超额翻译维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)Paradigmatic equivalence 式对等波波维奇(Popovic)Paraphrase 释译德莱顿(Dryden)Partial theories of translation 局部翻译理论霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Participative receiver 参与型接受者皮姆(Pym)Particularizing translation 具体化翻译赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)Performance 运用托利(Toury)Phonemic translation 音素翻译利弗威尔(Lefevere)Phonological translation 音位翻译卡特福德(Catford)Pivot language 中枢语言Polysystem theory 多元文化理论埃文·佐哈尔(Even-Zohar)Pragmatic translation[pragmatic approach语用途径] 语用翻译Preliminary norms 预先规托利(Toury)Prescriptive translation studies 规定翻译研究托利(Toury)Primary translation 首级翻译迪勒(Diller)和康纳留斯(Kornelius)Problem-restricted theories of translation 关于问题的翻译理论霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Process-oriented translation theories 过程取向翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Product-oriented translation studies 成品取向翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Professional norms 翻译规切斯特曼(Chesterman)Prospective translation 前瞻式翻译波斯特盖特(Postgate)Prototext 原型文本波波维奇(Popovic)Pseudotranslation 伪翻译Pure language[Logos 逻各斯] 纯语言沃尔特·本雅明(Walter Benjamin)Radical translation 原始翻译奎因(Quine)Rank-bound translation 级阶受限翻译卡特福德(Catford)Realia 独有特征弗拉科夫(Vlakhov)和弗罗林(Florin)Receptor language 接受语奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Translation with reconstruction 重构式翻译古阿德克(Gouadec)Redundancy 冗余奈达(Nida)Refraction 折射利弗威尔(Lefevere)Regulative translational conventions 规约性翻译常规诺德(Nord)Relay interpreting 转接传译Repertoreme 知识库要素托利(Toury)Resistancy 阻抗韦努狄(Venuti)Restricted translation 受限翻译卡特福德(Catford)Restructuring 重组奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Retrospective translation 后瞻式翻译波斯特盖特(Postgate)Rewriting 重写利弗威尔(Lefevere)Rhymed translation 韵体翻译利弗威尔(Lefevere)Secondary translation 二级翻译迪勒(Diller)和康纳留斯(Kornelius)Selective translation 选译古阿德克(Gouadec)Semantic disambiguation 语义消歧Semantic translation 语义翻译纽马克(Newmark)Serial translation 序列翻译卡塞格兰德(Casagrande)Service translation [Inverse translation 逆向翻译] 服务型翻译纽马克(Newmark)Sight translation 视译Signed language translation 手语传译Simultaneous interpreting 同声传译Skopos theory 目的论赖斯(Reiss)和弗米尔(Vermeer)Source language 源语Source text 源文本Source text-oriented translation studies 源文本取向翻译研究Specification 具体化Structure shift 结构转换卡特福德(Catford)Stylistic equivalence 文体对等Target language 目标语Term banks 术语库Terminology 术语Text typology 文本类型学Textual equivalence 文本对等卡特福德(Catford)Textual norms 文本规托利(Toury)Thick translation 增量翻译阿皮尔(Appiah)Think-aloud translation 有声思维记录Third code 第三语码弗劳利(Frawley)Time-restricted theories of translation 关于时域的翻译理论霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Total translation 完全翻译卡特福德(Catford)Transcription 注音Transeme 译素·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Transfer 转移Transference 迁移卡特福德(Catford)Translatability 可译性Translationese [Third language 第三语言] 翻译体Translatorial action 译者行动赫尔兹·曼塔里(Holz Mänttäri)Transliteration 音译Transposition 置换维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)Unbounded translation 不受限翻译卡特福德(Catford)Undertranslation 欠额翻译纽马克(Newmark)Unit of translation 翻译单位Universals of translation 翻译普遍特征Verbal consistency 词语一致Verifiability 可核实性赖斯(Reiss)和弗米尔(Vermeer)Vertical translation 纵向翻译福勒纳Voids 空缺Whispered interpreting 耳语传译Writer-oriented machine translation 作者取向机器翻译。
翻译学基本术语

翻译学基本术语源语/译出语source language(SL), original language译语/译入语target language(TL), receptor language原作者SL author, original author译者translator, interpreter读者/接受者reader, receptor, audience文本/原著/原文text/original work/SL text, source text, original text译文/译本/译著translation, version/translated text/translational work笔译written translation口译oral interpretation/oral translation同声传译simultaneous interpretation翻译原则/标准translation principle/criterion翻译过程/步骤translation process/procedures反应response对应(部分对应/完全对应)(partial /full )correspondence等值/对等/动态对等equivalence/dynamic equivalence充分性adequacy可接受性acceptability(acceptable, unacceptable, unacceptability)可读性readability(readable)可译性translatability(translatable)不可译性untranslatability(untranslatable)表层结构surface structure深层结构deep structure理解understanding/comprehension表达/再现/转换/传译expression/reproduction/transformation/transferral误解misunderstanding误译mis-translation异化foreignization/alienation归化domestication/naturalization/adaptation直译literal translation意译free translation/liberal translation/semantic translation 直译派a literalist/a sourcerer意译派a free-hander/a targeteer重译法repetition增译法/增词法/增译amplification/addition减译法/减词法/省译omission词类转移法/词性转换conversion反译法negation移植法transplant(ing)音译法transliteration作注(行内注/脚注/文后注)annotation(interlinear note, footnote, endnote)释义法/解释法explanation/paraphrase 引申法extension替代法substitution 推演法deduction 缀合法combination分译法division 逆序法/倒置法reversing 合译法combination 综合法mixture of methods 包孕embedding 切断/分切cutting 拆离splitting-off 插入inserting 重组recasting回译back translation 原汁原味essence of the original词序调整inversion选词diction信/忠实faithfulness/fidelity达/通顺/流畅/自然/易懂intelligibility /smoothness /fluency /naturalness /idiomaticity /expressiveness雅elegance/gracefulness 东方语言Oriental languages西方语言Occidental languages 佛经Buddhist Scriptures/sutra 梵语Sanskrit 鸠摩罗什Kumarajiva 泰特勒(AlexanderFraser )Tytler奈达Eugene A. Nida 机器翻译machine translation(MT)人工智能artificial intelligence(AI)翻译translate, render, rephrase, reword, transmit, re-express, transmute, transmogrify, interpret, convert, transform, transpose, express, transfer, turn翻译学translatology/translation studies 翻译体/翻译腔translationese死译/硬译/逐字译mechanical translation/word-for-word translation/word-to-word substitution乱译/胡译excessively free translation 惯用法usage约定俗成convention形合hypotaxis 意合parataxis。
【旭东翻硕】翻译理论术语-中英对照

霍尔姆斯 (Holmes) 奈达(Nida) 和泰伯 (Taber) 霍尔姆斯 (Holmes) 范·路文兹瓦 特(van LeuvenZwart) 罗斯(Rose) 波波维奇 (Popovic) 凯斯(Keith) 韩礼德 (Halliday) 纽马克 (Newmark) 纽马克 (Newmark)
整合翻译
Interlineal translation Interlinear translation Interlingual translation Intersemiotic translation Intralingual translation Intra-system shift Inverse translation Kernel sentence Keyword translation
翻译 绝对翻译 摘要翻译 滥译 可接受性 准确 改编 充分性 调整 类同形式 分析 应用翻译研究
贡献者 古阿德克 (Gouadec) 古阿德克 (Gouadec) 路易斯 (Lewis) 托利(Toury)
元译素 自立幅度 自译 回译 双边传译 词类转换 贴近翻译 传意翻译;交际 翻译 社群传译 补偿 能力 语义成分分析 综合理论 会议传译 接续传译 语境一致 常规 语料库 对应 法庭传译
术语 Absolute Translation Abstract Translation Abusive translation Acceptability Accuracy Adaptation Adequacy Adjustment Analogical Form Analysis Applied Translation Studies Architranseme (ATR) Autonomy Spectrum Autotranslation Back Translation Bilateral interpreting Class Shift Close Translation Communicative Translation Community interpreting Compensation Competence Componential Analysis Comprehensive theory Conference interpreting Consecutive interpreting Contextual consistency Conventions Corpora Correspondence Court interpreting
翻译学词典术语

翻译学词典术语1.绝对翻译。
Absolute Translation。
按照古阿德克的解释,指专业译员为应付不同翻译要求而采用的七种翻译类型之一。
According to Gouadec,one of 7 types of translation which can be used by professional translators to respond to the various translation requirements2.摘要翻译。
Abstract Translation古阿德提出的用以对付不同翻译要求的七种翻译策略之一。
One of seven strategies proposed by Gouadec to fulfil the various translation needs which arise in a professional environment。
3.滥译。
Abusive Translation。
路易斯用来表示文学翻译中极端做法的一个术语。
A term used by Lewis to refer to a radical approach to literary translation。
4.可接受性。
Accetability。
图里采用的术语,用来指可以从翻译作品中观察到的两种倾向之一。
A term used by T oury to denote one of two tendencies which can be observed in translated texts。
5.准确。
Accuracy。
翻译评估中用来表示译文与原文相符成都的术语。
A term used in translation evaluation to refer to the extent to which a translation matches its original。
6.改编Adaptation。
翻译理论】翻译学术语列表

弗拉科夫(Vlakhov)和弗罗林(Florin)
Receptor language
接受语
奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)
Translation with reconstruction
重构式翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Redundancy
冗余
奈达(Nida)
Refraction
折射
利弗威尔(Lefevere)
二级翻译
迪勒(Diller)和康纳留斯(Kornelius)
Selective translation
选译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Semantic disambiguation
语义消歧
Semantic translation
语义翻译
纽马克(Newmark)
Serial translation
序列翻译
Differance
分延
德里达(Derrida)
Doentary translation
文献型翻译
诺德(Nord)
Domesticating translation
归化翻译
韦努狄(Venuti)
Dynamic equivalence
动态对等
奈达(Nida)
Dynamic fidelity
动态忠信
比克曼(Beekman)和卡洛(Callow)
卡塞格兰德(Casagrande)
Service translation
服务型翻译
纽马克(Newmark)
Sight translation
视译
Signed language translation
手语传译
Simultaneous interpreting
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德莱顿(Dryden)
Partial theories of translation
局部翻译理论
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Participative receiver
参与型接受者
皮姆(Pym)
Particularizing translation
具体化翻译
赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)
曲径翻译
维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)
Operational model
操作模式
巴斯盖特(Bathgate)
Operational norms
操作规
托利(Toury)
Optional equivalents
可换对等语
奈达(Nida)
Overlapping translation
普通翻译理论
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Gist translation
要旨翻译
赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)
Gloss translation
释词翻译
奈达(Nida)
Grammatical transposition
语法置换
赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)
Hermeneutic motion
Expectancy norms
期待规
切斯特曼(Chesterman)
Explicitation
明示
维纳(Vinay)和达尔贝勒纳(Darbelnet)
Expressive text
表情型文本
赖斯(Reiss)
Extraneous form
外来形式
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Faithfulness
忠实
Performance
运用
托利(Toury)
Phonemic translation
音素翻译
利弗威尔(Lefevere)
Phonological translation
音位翻译
卡特福德(Catford)
Pivot language
中枢语言
Polysystem theory
多元文化理论
埃文·佐哈尔(Even-Zohar)
Liaison interpreting
联络传译
凯斯(Keith)
Linguistic translation
语言翻译
Literal translation
字面翻译;直译
Mapping
图谱
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Matricial norms
矩阵规
托利(Toury)
Meta-language
元语言
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Pragmatic Approach
语用途径
Pragmatic translation
语用翻译
Preliminary norms
预先规
托利(Toury)
Prescriptive translation studies
规定翻译研究
托利(Toury)
Primary translation
首级翻译
迪勒(Diller)和康纳留斯(Kornelius)
Differance
分延
德里达(Derrida)
Doentary translation
文献型翻译
诺德(Nord)
Domesticating translation
归化翻译
韦努狄(Venuti)
Dynamic equivalence
动态对等
奈达(Nida)
Dynamic fidelity
动态忠信
比克曼(Beekman)和卡洛(Callow)
纯语言
沃尔特·本雅明(Walter Benjamin)
Radical translation
原始翻译
奎因(Quine)
Rank-bound translation
级阶受限翻译
卡特福德(Catford)
Realia
独有特征
弗拉科夫(Vlakhov)和弗罗林(Florin)
Receptor language
术语
翻译
贡献者
Absolute Translation
绝对翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Abstract Translation
摘要翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Abusive translation
滥译
路易斯(Lewis)
Acceptability
可接受性
托利(Toury)
Accuracy
准(Toury)
Instrumental translation
工具翻译
诺德(Nord)
Integral translation
整合翻译
·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)
Interlineal translation
隔行翻译
赫维(Hervey)和希金斯(Higgins)
Interlinear translation
礼德(Halliday)
Close Translation
贴近翻译
纽马克(Newmark)
Communicative Translation
传意翻译;交际翻译
纽马克(Newmark)
Community interpreting
社群传译
Compensation
补偿
赫维(Hervey)
Competence
Retrospective translation
后瞻式翻译
波斯特盖特(Postgate)
Rewriting
重写
利弗威尔(Lefevere)
Rhymed translation
韵体翻译
利弗威尔(Lefevere)
Secondary translation
二级翻译
迪勒(Diller)和康纳留斯(Kornelius)
能力
托利(Toury)
Componential Analysis
语义成分分析
奈达(Nida)
Comprehensive theory
综合理论
Conference interpreting
会议传译
Consecutive interpreting
接续传译
Contextual consistency
语境一致
奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)
Conventions
常规
诺德(Nord)
Corpora
语料库
Correspondence
对应
Court interpreting
法庭传译
Covert translation
隐型翻译
豪斯(House)
Creative transposition
创造性转换
Creative treason
改编
Adequacy
充分性
Adjustment
调整
Analogical Form
类同形式
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Analysis
分析
奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)
Applied Translation Studies
应用翻译研究
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Architranseme (ATR)
元译素
Foreignizing translation
异化翻译
韦努狄(Venuti)
Formal corresponding
形式对应
卡特福德(Catford)
Formal equivalence
形式对等
奈达(Nida)
Free translation
自由译
Full translation
全文翻译
General theories of translation
·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)
Autonomy Spectrum
自立幅度
罗斯(Rose)
Autotranslation
自译
波波维奇(Popovic)
Back Translation
回译
Bilateral interpreting
双边传译
凯斯(Keith)
Class Shift
词类转换
地道翻译
比克曼(Beekman)和卡洛(Callow)
Imitation
拟译
德莱顿(Dryden)、利弗威尔(Lefevere)
Indeterminacy
不确定性
Information offer
信息提供
弗米尔(Vermeer)
Informative texts
信息文本
赖斯(Reiss)
Initial norms
Problem-restricted theories of translation
关于问题的翻译理论
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Process-oriented translation theories
过程取向翻译研究
霍尔姆斯(Holmes)
Product-oriented translation studies
卡特福德(Catford)
Inverse translation
逆向翻译
Kernel sentence
核心句
Keyword translation
关键词翻译
古阿德克(Gouadec)
Level shift
层次转换
卡特福德(Catford)
Lexical translation