2014年新目标人教版八年级英语下册语法复习课件----现在完成时
练一练
1.我已经看过这部电影。 already _______the I _____ film. have ________ seen 2.你已经浇过花了吗？ Have you watered the flowers______? yet ______ 3.他刚刚完成了家庭作业。 just finished He ____ ______his homework. has _____ 4.我们曾经去过五仙山。 ever We ____ ____ ______to have been the Wuxian Hills. 5.李雷从不抽烟。 Li Lei _____ _____smoked _______. has never
五、一般过去时与现在完成时之比较
1. 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或 单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现 在不发生关系。 而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现 在的情况。
现在完成时
一、基本结构：
肯： 主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词 e.g He (She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied.
2) 用现在完成时连词成句 I, finish, homework I have finished my homework. I haven’t finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
4).转换成 be+介词短语
go to school
join the army
be in/at school
be in the army
终止性动词完成时的否定式表示一种否定 状态是可以延续的，所以其否定式可以和 段时间状语连用。 如：I haven’t seen him for ages.我好久 没见到他了。（现在仍没见到他）
2). 转换成be+名词 join→ be in …（be a member of … ） join the army be a soldier join the Party be a Party member go to school be a student 3). 转换成 be+形容词或副词 die be dead open be open leave be away close be closed begin be on fall sleep be asleep finish be over
(对划线部分提问)
练习 一、 选用 for和 since填空: for 1. We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time. 2. His father has been in the Party since ______ 10 years ago. for 3. The film has been on ______ 20 minutes. 4. Mr Green has worked here ______ since he came to China. 5. His grandparents have been dead ______ several for years. since we met last time. 6. It’s five years _______
wrote--written drove--driven came--come bought--bought brought--brought took--taken made--made sat--sat fed--fed
already 和 yet的用法 already 已经 通常用于肯定句中或句末 yet 已经，还 通常用于疑问句和否定句末 我已经找到了我的尺子。 I have already ______ found my ruler. already . I have found my ruler________ yet 否定句:I haven’t found my ruler______. yet ？ 一般疑问句:Have you found your rulercomes China for half a year. 改为：has been in 。 2.李雷买这本字典3天了。 Li Lei has bought a dictionary for 3years. 改为： had 。 3.他的爷爷去世3年了。 His grandpa has died for 3 years. 改： been dead 。
1.我学习英语达到3年了。 for__ 3 _____. years I have learned English___ 2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。 since 9:00 We have waited for him____ ______. 3.自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。
since 2 weeks ago He has practiced basketball___ __ ____ ____.
同义句转换 ①.我们买这本书三年了. have had We __________the book for three years. We __________the book three years ago. bought
②他感冒三天了.
has had cold for three days. He _________a
He caught _______ a cold three days ago.
③自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.
have kept I ___________the book since last week. borrowed I _________the book last week.
④我成为一个学生两年多了.
1. 用含ago等过去时间状语的一般过去时。 1) He left here three years ago. 2) She came back two days ago. 2. “It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ” 1) It is three years since he left here. 2) It is two days since he came back. 3.一段时间＋has passed + since + 一般过去时从句 1) Three years has passed since he left here. 2) Two days has passed since she came back. 以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。
2.不规则变化 am,is was--been write are were--been drive become became— come become buy cut cut-cut bring do did--done take fly flew--flown make go went--gone sit keep kept--kept feed run ran--run
注意: for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段 时间.有时可进行转换。 对它们提问都用短语： How long 如：
1. He has lived here since 2004. （同义句） for ten He has lived here ____ ___ years ______． He has lived here___ ____ ____ _____. since ten years ago How _____long ____has he lived here? 2. I have studied English for 3 years. since 3 years ago I have studied English___ ____ ____ _____. ＿＿ ＿＿＿have you studied English? How long
4.自从Lucy来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。 since ___ she came to China has made Lucy___ ___ many friends____ ____ ___ ___.
三、延续性动词和终止性(瞬间)动词
英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是 延续性的动词，二是终止性(瞬间)动词。 延续性动词是指那些动作意义不会一下完成， 而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work, read, write, study等。 这些动词的完成时可以和一段时间状语连用。 eg: I have studied for two hours.
终止性(瞬间)动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能 延续的动词。如：come, go, buy, die, join, begin等. 这些动词的肯定式不能和段时间状语连用。 终止性(瞬间) 动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 如可说“He has left.‖ ―She has come back‖ 但不能说“He has left for three years.‖ ―She has come back for two days‖ 如果要表达: 1) 他已走了三年了. 2) 她已经回来两天了 可用以下几种表达法：
主语+助动词 haven’t+动词的过去分词 否： hasn’t He(She,It) has not/hasn’t studied. We(You,They) have not/ haven’t studied. have not = haven’t has not = hasn’t
练一练
1) 句型转换: I have written my postcard. I haven’t written my postcard. 否：____________________________. 一般疑问及回答： Have you written your postcard? _______________________________? Yes, I have. / No,I haven’t. _________________________________
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人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态 ppt课件
•4
现在完成时的含义及用法
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并 对现在有影响。
2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到 现在的动作或状态。
•5
现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分
词. 疑问式：
up to now(到目前为止)
this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
•11
have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经 到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to “去了”，表示已经去了某 地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in “呆在某处一段时间了”
for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.
in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)
recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.
so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.
•12
Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？
You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？
I have been to Guiling , I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。
现在完成时的含义及用法
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并 对现在有影响。
2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到 现在的动作或状态。
•5
现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分
词. 疑问式：
up to now(到目前为止)
this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
•11
have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经 到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to “去了”，表示已经去了某 地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in “呆在某处一段时间了”
for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.
in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)
recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.
so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.
•12
Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？
You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？
I have been to Guiling , I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。
英语人教版八年级下册第十单元现在完成时复习课件
--I’m sorry to keep you waiting. --Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be “(for) only a few minutes”说明几分 钟前来了这里，一直到现在。
---___ the sports meet might be put off. ---Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D.I told “被告知”是过去的事，对现在的影 响 是“我已知道”。
When I was at college I ___ three foreign languages, but I ___ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten “但都忘了”是现在的情况，要用现 在完成时，强调结果。
6 Have you turned off your radio? ___
No, I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet.
Are you ready ,Tina?
1. I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet. 我还没有把冰箱清除干净。 clean sth. out 打扫某物之内部，扫除 某物的尘土等。 It’s time you cleaned your bedroom. 现在该是你打扫卧室的时候了。 clean sth. up 清除罪犯和不道德分子， 整顿（某事物）
人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态
05
现在完成时态常见错误及纠正方 法
主谓不一致错误
错误示例
They have done their homeworks.
纠正方法
将have改为have done，homeworks改为homework。正确的句子应该是：They have done their homework.
时态混淆错误
错误示例
so far
表示到目前为止，如 "So far, we have learned about 500 words."（到目前为止，我们 已经学了大约500个单词。）
时间状语在句子中位置
一般位于句首或句尾，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，如 "For the past week, I have been busy with my homework."（过去的一周里，我一直忙于作业。）
用于肯定句中，表示“刚 刚”。例如：I have just finished my homework.
用于疑问句和否定句中， 表示“曾经”。例如： Have you ever been to Beijing? / I have never been to Beijing.
用于表示动作持续的时间 或起始时间。例如：I have lived here for ten years. / I have lived here since 2010.
I have went to the park yesterday.
纠正方法
将have went改为went。正确的句子 应该是：I went to the park yesterday.
漏用或误用助动词have/has
错误示例
He eaten an apple.
新人教版英语八年级下册Unit8-语法专项课件(现在完成时1)
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
【典例2】—Is Richard still living here?
—No, he ______ to Paris already.
A. had moved
B. moved
C. will move
D. has moved
解析
考查时态。No说明Richard不在此处，且already为完成时 标志词，选用现在(xiànzài)完成时结构have/has done。
1unit8语法专项课件语法专项课件现在完成时现在完成时1初中英语人教版八年级下册初中英语人教版八年级下册语法透析语法透析考点大观考点大观易错辨析易错辨析通关训练通关训练考点大观考点大观易错辨析易错辨析通关训练通关训练现在完成时结构肯定句
新人教版英语八年级下册 Unit8-语法专项课件(现在
(xiànzài)完成时1)
I am learning English these days.
时〔〕现在(xiànzài)进行
I have learned English for 3 years. 时〔〕现在(xiànzài)完
成时〕
11
第十一页，共22页。
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
易错点 现在完成(wán chéng)时/一般过去 时用法不同
A. will work
B. works
C. has worked
D. is working
解析
考查时态。already为现在(xiànzài)完成时标志词,且 for + 时间 段说明对现在(xiànzài)的“影响〞，应选用现在(xiànzài)完成时 结构have/has done。
19
第十九页，共22页。
人教版新目标英语八年级下册《(现在完成时)Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c
人教版新目标英语八年级下册《（现在完成时）Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c》教案2一. 教材分析本节课为人教版新目标英语八年级下册《现在完成时》Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c。
本部分主要介绍了现在完成时的用法，通过文本内容引导学生理解现在完成时的概念，并通过练习让学生掌握现在完成时的构成和基本用法。
二. 学情分析学生在之前的学习中已经接触过一般现在时和一般过去时，对时态的概念有一定的了解。
但他们对现在完成时的认识可能还不够深入，需要通过本节课的学习来进一步掌握现在完成时的用法。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够理解现在完成时的概念，掌握现在完成时的构成和基本用法。
2.能力目标：学生能够在适当的情境中运用现在完成时进行交流，提高英语表达能力。
3.情感目标：激发学生学习英语的兴趣，培养他们积极向上的学习态度。
四. 教学重难点1.重点：学生能够理解和运用现在完成时进行交流。
2.难点：现在完成时的构成和基本用法。
五. 教学方法采用任务型教学法，通过情境创设、小组合作、讨论交流等方法，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高他们的参与度和积极性。
六. 教学准备1.教学素材：4a-4c文本内容，相关现在完成时的图片、卡片等。
2.教学设备：多媒体设备、投影仪等。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）通过向学生提问：“你们最喜欢的科目是什么？”引导学生用英语进行回答。
然后教师分享自己的最喜欢的科目是英语，并说明原因。
以此激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.呈现（10分钟）教师展示一组关于学生日常活动的图片，如：看电影、打篮球等，并向学生提问：“你们看过电影吗？什么时候看的？”引导学生用英语进行回答。
通过这种方式引导学生接触现在完成时。
3.操练（10分钟）学生分组，每组选择一张图片，用现在完成时描述图片内容。
学生可以相互交流，确保每个组员都能参与到活动中。
4.巩固（10分钟）教师给出一个关于学生生活的情境，如：“你的朋友问你最近有没有见过你的老师，你怎么回答？”引导学生运用现在完成时进行回答。
人教版英语八年级下册语法复习——现在完成时课件-课件
Key words
yet already
注意：already 用于肯定句， yet 用于疑问句和否定句中
A: __H_a_s__ your brother _fi_n_is_h_e_d his
homework yet? (finish)
B: Yes, he ‘s already done it.
Key words
have/has gone to have/has been to have/has been in
去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称
去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用
在… 与时间段连用 用how long 提问
A: Where is Bob ? B: He __h_a_s_g_o_n_e_t_o__ Japan with his sister.
got to have/has been in
have/has been in join
have/has been a soldier
The concert has finished for half
an hour.
been over
buy have/has had
leave have/has been away
It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。
It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了.
It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .
just
Just 刚刚 与现在完成时连用 一般置句中 Just now 刚才 与一般过去时连用
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时精品课件
Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
have/has + 过去分词
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
I lived there 2 years ago
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two
years since my brother joined the army.
for和since的运用 for “经历(时间段)” since “自从… 以来”
for＋时间段
since＋时间段 ＋ago
since＋时间点
since＋从句
④ close → be closed open → be open The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for
be a borrow
keep
❖ Leave/ move
be away / be out
❖ buy
have open
be open
❖ join
be in/a member of
❖ start/begin be on finish/ end
be over
❖ catch a cold
have a cold get up be up
__________.
③ become → be I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
have/has + 过去分词
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
I lived there 2 years ago
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two
years since my brother joined the army.
for和since的运用 for “经历(时间段)” since “自从… 以来”
for＋时间段
since＋时间段 ＋ago
since＋时间点
since＋从句
④ close → be closed open → be open The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for
be a borrow
keep
❖ Leave/ move
be away / be out
❖ buy
have open
be open
❖ join
be in/a member of
❖ start/begin be on finish/ end
be over
❖ catch a cold
have a cold get up be up
__________.
③ become → be I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时复习课件
(
Jack has been ill since he came back from London( 正确 ) 三生三世已经上演两个月了 SanshengSanshi has been on for two months( 正确 )
SanshengSanshi has started for two months（ 错误 ）
（2）过去动作产生的影响 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成， 但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语 We have cleaned our classroom (目前教室很干净) I have lost my keys .(目前仍未找到)
（3）与表过去的不明确的时间状语连用 现在完成时可与不明确定指出具体时间的状语连用 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等 李小鹏已经吃完早饭了 Lixiaopeng has already had his breakfast 我近来没见到我的好朋友 I haven’t seen my best friend recently
②现在完成时表述的时间尚未结束，过去时表述 的时间已经过去。 I haven’t seen Tom this morning yet(现在仍是早晨)
I didn’t seen Tom at all this morning （现在是下午或 晚上）
③现在完成时与现在有联系，过去时仅表示过去的事 情，与现在没有联系 I have lost my key to the drawer(至今无法打开抽屉) I lost my key to the drawer(也许现在仍未找到钥匙， 也许已经找到）
（4）正确使用for和since
1.since常见有以下三种用法：for +一段时间
Jack has been ill since he came back from London( 正确 ) 三生三世已经上演两个月了 SanshengSanshi has been on for two months( 正确 )
SanshengSanshi has started for two months（ 错误 ）
（2）过去动作产生的影响 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成， 但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语 We have cleaned our classroom (目前教室很干净) I have lost my keys .(目前仍未找到)
（3）与表过去的不明确的时间状语连用 现在完成时可与不明确定指出具体时间的状语连用 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等 李小鹏已经吃完早饭了 Lixiaopeng has already had his breakfast 我近来没见到我的好朋友 I haven’t seen my best friend recently
②现在完成时表述的时间尚未结束，过去时表述 的时间已经过去。 I haven’t seen Tom this morning yet(现在仍是早晨)
I didn’t seen Tom at all this morning （现在是下午或 晚上）
③现在完成时与现在有联系，过去时仅表示过去的事 情，与现在没有联系 I have lost my key to the drawer(至今无法打开抽屉) I lost my key to the drawer(也许现在仍未找到钥匙， 也许已经找到）
（4）正确使用for和since
1.since常见有以下三种用法：for +一段时间
人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态
2. Nick 参军3年了. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. X 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He has left Shenzhen for along time. X 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. X
常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.
for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子，since+ 时间段+ ago
用for 或since填空
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV __f_o_r__15 years. 2. I’ve taken driving lessons __si_n_c_e__last month. • My sister has had her cell phone _f_o_r__a month . • My friends haven’t visited me __s_i_n_c_e_ my birthday. • We haven’t used our car __fo_r__a long time . • She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _f_o_r_ years. • Tom has worn glasses _s_i_n_c_e__he was 7 years old.
常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:
already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter .
yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ? never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.
for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子，since+ 时间段+ ago
用for 或since填空
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV __f_o_r__15 years. 2. I’ve taken driving lessons __si_n_c_e__last month. • My sister has had her cell phone _f_o_r__a month . • My friends haven’t visited me __s_i_n_c_e_ my birthday. • We haven’t used our car __fo_r__a long time . • She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _f_o_r_ years. • Tom has worn glasses _s_i_n_c_e__he was 7 years old.
常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:
already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter .
yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ? never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
人教版英语八年级下册现在完成时重点讲解 20PPT
A. writes
B. has written
C. was writing
D. wrote
拓展—短暂性动词和延续性动词
[概念]
拓展—短暂性动词和延续性动词
[短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换]
leave--be away borrow--keep die--be dead join--be in/be a member of buy--have
D. began
课堂总结
since+
时间点 句子
We haven’t used our car for a long time. He has lived in Beijing since he was a little boy. He has lived in Beijing since 1986.
现在完成时的结构
[常与 already, just, yet, ever, never和before等标志词连用]
现在完成时的结构
[分析]
I don't want to go with you. I have seen it twice. I saw it twice last week. I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
现在完成时的结构
[时间状语]
for+时间段
现在完成时的结构
[结构辨析]
have/has been to+地点 “去过，已回” have/has gone to+地点 “去了，未回”
They have been to Beijing. They have gone to Beijing.
[练习]