广东省广州市天河区2019高考二轮复习阅读理解及解析(新闻报告类)02专题训练(英语解析版)
四Close your eyes foe a minutes and imagine what life would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips. With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the world’s 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the world’s only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries.ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs is China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.For just US $38,you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.65.The first paragraph is intended to ______.A.introduce a new way of readingB.advise the public to lead a simple lifeC.direct the public’s attention to t he blindD.encourage the public to use imagination66.What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?A.They are adequateB.They have not been updated.C.They are not equally distributedD.They have benefited most of the blind67.ORRIS aims to help the blind by ______.A.teaching medical studentsB.training doctors and nursesC.running flying hospitals globallyD. setting up non-profit organization68.What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?A.Appeal for donationsB.Make an advertisementC. Promote training programsD.Show sympathy for the blind69.What can be the best title for the passage?A.ORRIS in ChinaB.Fighting BlindnessC.ORRIS Flying HospitalD.Sight-saving Techniques【考点】考察新闻报告类阅读【文章大意】本文属于报告类阅读，了讲述ORBIS给盲人所做的工作来宣传ORBIS，号召我们为ORBIS 捐款来帮助更多的盲人。
64.【答案】C【试题解析】推理题。
根据第一段1,2行Close your eyes foe a minutes and imagine what life would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.闭上眼睛想象一下少了100美元并没有什么。
但是想象一下如果我们在余生里都看不见，不是用眼睛看这篇文章，而是用手指来阅读。
作者通过第一段是为了把读者的注意力吸引到盲人的身上。
故C正确、65.【答案】C【试题解析】推理题。
根据第一段最后2句With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the world’s 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not. 可知发动国家的技术更先进，能够给盲人带来更多的帮助，但是发展中国家并没有这样的技术，说明技术的分布并不公平。
故C正确。
66.【答案】B【试题解析】细节题。
根据文章第三段1,2句ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands ofblind people every year.得知ORBIS医学培训计划帮助发展中国家培养了很多治疗眼睛疾病的医生，然后这些医生再去帮助那些需要帮助的盲人。
故B正确。
67.【答案】A【试题解析】推理题。
根据最后一段前2行For just US $38,you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.作者在呼吁我们为这个项目捐款，因为捐款可以帮助很多看不见的盲人重新看见光明。
故A正确。
68.【答案】C【试题解析】主旨大意题。
本文在第一段里很巧妙地通过一个闭眼实验把我们的注意力吸引到盲人身上。
接下来通过讲述ORBIS给盲人所做的工作来宣传ORBIS。
最后号召我们为ORBIS捐款来帮助更多的盲人。
所以本文实际上是介绍ORRIS Flying Hospital的。
故C正确。
【长难句解析】1.Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed 【翻译】也要想象闭着眼睛度过余生会是什么样子。
2019届广州市高三高考二模语文试卷及答案解析
2019届广州市高三高考二模语文试卷及答案解析广州市2019届高三高考二模语文试卷试卷满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
“天下”是中国传统文化对世界秩序的一种原初想象，“天下主义”是以“天下”理念为核心，由具有普遍性和开放性的世界秩序、价值规范与理想人格构成的思想体系。
在当今全球化语境之下，中国文化理念和文化战略的自觉自信体现的正是“天下主义”的精神内核。
文化自信首先是一种“以天下观天下”的世界观的自信。
《道德经》有云：“修之于天下，其德乃普。
故以身观身，以家观家，以乡观乡，以国观国，以天下观天下。
”“天下”是中国文化特有的思维尺度，是一个最宏大、最完备的分析单位，具有最广阔的容纳力。
面对差异性的多元文化格局，西方文化多以民族国家为基本单位，文化视域限于国家、民族内部，虽然也有关于世界的思考，比如斯多葛学派的“世界主义”等，但其思考方式是“以国家观世界”，与中国文化的立足点和尺度不同。
中国文化的“天下”蕴含了“天下无外”的理想，各个民族的历史文化在世界内部是平等共存的；中国文化依循“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的进路，从“身-家-国”逻辑同构的角度，最终达到“天下大同”的境界。
与西方文化相较，“天下”的世界观更具有开放性和包容性。
文化自信的核心是“以天下为一家”的价值观的自信。
中国文化是以儒家文化为代表的伦理型文化，梁漱溟认为“中国伦理始于家庭而不止于家庭”，中国文化重视家庭生活，整个社会关系是依照家庭关系推广发挥的。
“以天下为一家”的价值观实质上是一种关系性伦理，把“自我”和“他者”看成一体共生的关系。
“天下”是一个最大的家，家庭利益的最大化就是个体利益的最大化，共同体的善与个体的善是统一的。
文化自信最终体现为一种人格自信。
无论是“以天下观天下”的世界观，还是“以天下为一家”的价值观，最终都沉淀为个体的精神品格。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解及解析(科普类)01专题训练(含解析)(含答案).doc
阅读理解（科普类）01一、Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-either recorded or real-may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet toknow, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.60. We know from the passage that elephants may he frightened of .A. loud noisesB. some cropsC. video camerasD. angry bees61. As mentioned in the passage, LucyA. works by herself in AfricaB. needs to test more elephant groupsC. has stopped elephants eating cropsD. has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms62. Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?A. To record the sound of bees.B. To make a video of elephants.C. To see if elephants would run away.D. To find out more about the behavior of bees.63. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.【考点】考察科普知识类阅读【文章大意】本文讲述了非洲大陆的大象十分害怕蜜蜂的声音，科学家Lucy King正在研究十分可以利用这个现象来保护庄稼不受大象的侵扰。
广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试语文试题 (2)
参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）（9分）1.【内容理解】（3分）A（B项，“‘以天下为一家’的价值观把‘他者’融入‘自我’”并非“旨在达到家庭利益的最大化”；C项，不是“君子的理想人格塑造了中国人独特的精神气质”；D项，“中庸之道”不可以消除文化冲突。
）2.【论证分析】（3分）B（文章不是“以‘天下’理念为核心”）3.【分析推断】（3分）C（西方的“世界观不具开放性和包容性”推断不当。
）（二）（12分）4.【内容理解】（3分）C（A项，“A企业在这三家企业中业务量一直稳居第一”不正确；B项，C企业“都处于劣势”不正确；D项，“B企业的发展几乎与中国快递业的发展同步”不正确。
）5.【概括分析】（3分）D（“智能产品创新研发的大量投入”并非“可循环包装在当下难以推广的主要因素”。
）6.【分析综合】（6分）快递企业：①保证消费者信息安全；②建立更规范、更专业的物流体系；③提升自动化智能化水平；④推动绿色配送。
消费者：改变消费观念，支持快递包装绿色化。
【“快递企业”4分，“消费者”2分，意思对即可。
】（三）（15分）7.【分析鉴赏】（3分）C（“追求生态效益而牺牲经济效益”不正确。
）8.【分析鉴赏】（6分）纪实性：①作者亲历；②材料真实；③情感真挚。
文学性：①多用修辞，形象生动；②化用名句，典雅隽永；③间用口语，具有生活气息。
【“纪实性”3分，“文学性”3分，意思对即可。
】9.【鉴赏评价】（6分）①含义丰富，既指高林树在库布齐大沙漠种下的每一棵柳树，又指高林树本人，还指生活的火种，生命的希望。
②突显主题，赞美“高林树们”用辛勤的劳动改造沙漠、改变生活的奋斗精神。
③强化效果，通过“沙漠”之“大”和“一苗树”之“小”的对比，引起读者关注。
（每点2分，意思对即可）二、（34分）（一）（19分）10.【文言断句】（3分）A（以风恙拜章乞骸，改刑部尚书致仕。
即日肩舆归洛，居于福善里，修篁嘉木，图书琴酒，以自适焉。
2019年广东省天河区高考语文第二轮专题复习测试题 语言表达简明 连贯 得体 准确 鲜明 生动02 含答案
二轮复习专题测试题15．将下列句子按顺序排列成一段语意完整的话.只填序号.①他们一方面过着声色犬马、腐化糜烂的生活.②玄言诗和骈体文在此种社会风气影响下风行一时.③魏晋时期政治局面动乱复杂，世人动辄得咎.④另一方面又高唱无为，标榜清高，无所事事，空虚度日.⑤士大夫为明哲保身逃避现实，大多坐而论道，谈玄说理.⑥而像《兰亭集》这样感情真挚、清淡自然的散文实属难能可贵.答：___________________________________________________【答案】③⑤①④②⑥板块三得体16．伴随中国第一代独生子女走出家庭，外出求学、工作，他们留守在家的父母进入了新的时期——“中年空巢”期.一些原来“一切围着孩子转”的全职妈妈给在外地求学或工作的孩子打电话，成了她们每天的必修课.肖菲刚入大学的第一个月，妈妈天天晚上都要打一个电话给她.一次因为有事，肖菲错过了妈妈的电话，第二天一早妈妈就打来电话：“菲菲，昨天晚上你干什么去了，没有什么事吧？我一夜没睡，一直在等你的电话.”妈妈的声音有些哽咽.假如你是肖菲，请给妈妈回个电话，委婉地告诉妈妈没事不要打电话，语言要得体，不超过60字.肖菲：_________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】示例：妈妈，刚入学学习很紧张，昨晚在教室学习，没能及时给您回电话.我一切很好，请您放心.您要照顾好自己，不要总是挂念我.【解析】话语委婉，理由易于让妈妈接受，要体现出对妈妈的尊敬和关爱.17．根据下面的情景和要求，在横线处将人物的对话补写完整.情景：学校篮球队队员在训练期间，队长李甲看到队员张凡训练时状态不好，想通过谈话来激发张凡的斗志，让他刻苦训练.要求：队长李甲从体恤队友的角度出发，关心其健康，并表示要提供帮助，话语中充满关怀，颇具人情味.李甲关切地问：“(1)____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________”张凡说：“没什么，是这样……我妈妈住院了，我很担心她，训练时总是心不在焉.”李甲说：“(2)__________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________”张凡说：“哦，不用了，她已经没什么大问题了，明天就能出院.”李甲说：“(3)__________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________”张凡感激地说：“谢谢你，队长！我一定会好好训练，为咱学校篮球队争光！”【答案】(1)哎，张凡，你脸色不大好啊！是训练强度太大了，还是你遇到什么难事了？(2)是这样啊，你怎么不早说？伯母病了，你该回去照顾照顾她，要不我帮你向老师请个假，你到医院好好照顾她.(3)噢，那就好.有什么困难，你尽管说，我一定会帮忙！【解析】语言表达“得体”指能够恰当地使用语言，体现语境和语体的要求.考生要根据要求，联系具体的情景来补写对话，结合张凡的回答来确定横线处的内容.18．下面一则材料名叫“习惯”，请你仔细阅读后完成后面的问题.局领导安排从办公室抽调一人下乡扶贫，主任征求大家意见后，发现谁都不愿意去.最后只好采取投票方式来确定人选，谁的票多谁去.投票结果显示，主任得票最多.主任对此大惑不解.大家为此作了解释，而解释的理由则完全相同，只是表达上略有差异.如果你是投票者之一，你将如何对主任进行解释.要求解释合理，语言得体，有幽默感.不超过50字.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】每年评优秀，大家都是投的您的票.投您的票，大家已成为习惯啦，这是大家对您的信任.【解析】解答此题要注意两点：一是注意题干提示的材料的名字叫“习惯”，回答时一定要有“习惯”一词，且能表达“习惯”之意；二是注意回答者的身份是下属，对主任的解释要得体，要合理，还要有幽默感，而不能针锋相对地加以驳斥.19．请根据下表中的主要信息，替即将大学毕业的张三写一封简短的求职信.要求语言表达简明、连贯、得体.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】尊敬的人事经理：我是一名即将从清华大学毕业的学生.大学四年，我打下了扎实的电子信息科学专业理论基础，培养了良好的组织能力、团队协作精神及求真务实的工作态度.我曾先后在长城科技股份有限公司、中软国际有限公司实习.企业的实习经历，使我进一步提高了自己的社会实践能力.期待着能成为贵公司的一员.我的联系方式是：×××××××××××.此致敬礼求职者：张三2011年6月23日【解析】解答本题时，首先要把握表格中的主要信息，分析求职信中需要呈现的内容要点，然后使用书信的格式表达出来.写作时语言要得体，要适时表达对对方的尊重.20．在《在马克思墓前的讲话》中，对于马克思的逝世，作者回避了“死”这个词语，而用“停止思想了”“安静地睡着了”“永远地睡着了”等词语来表达，这些词语符合马克思思想家的身份，用语非常得体.请从用语得体的角度回答下面的问题.(不超过10字)(1)1980年10月10日，“人民艺术家”中国电影演员赵丹去世.怎样表达一个演员之死？答：___________________________________________________(2)1990年，人民音乐家施光南突然发病去世.怎样表达一个音乐家之死？答：___________________________________________________【答案】(1)落下了人生的帷幕(2)画上了生命的休止符【解析】此题考查考生语言表达得体的能力.考生作答时，既要避开“死”字，又要合乎人物的身份，如“帷幕”与电影演员相关，“休止符”与音乐家相关.21．下面是西安市长途汽车总站的一则告示，请找出其中使用不当或不得体的词语并予以修改.敬告西安至汉中3月5日～6日的车票已经告罄一空；本站将调拨客车增开加班车，请旅客随时察看本站公布的临时行车信息再购加班车票，由于该站扩建，北门暂时封锁，请旅客遵照本站人员的指挥，从南门出入.不便之处，敬请各位旅客见谅.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】(1)将“告罄一空”改为“售完”.(2)将“察看”改为“查看”或“留意”.(3)“由于该站扩建”的“该”改为“本”.(4)将“封锁”改为“封闭”.(5)将“遵照”改为“服从”或“按照”.22．请找出下面请柬正文中用语不得体的地方并修改.适逢家父60贵庚，特备薄酒，邀请您阖家光临雅风酒楼大快朵颐.5月20日12点整恭候大驾，务必赏光.①________改为__________________②________改为__________________③________改为__________________【答案】①“贵庚”改为“寿辰”.②删去“大快朵颐”或将之改为“赴宴”等词.③“务必”改为“敬请”.23．下面是一名读者写给某刊的一封信的正文部分，有些用语不够得体，请找出四处并修改.我是一位高三文科生，对语文情有独钟.一次逛书店偶然发现了贵刊合订本，觉得贵刊有很浓的语文味，便毫不犹豫地买了下来，惠存于家.面临即将到来的高考，希望贵刊能多刊一些词语误用的示例，一定要说出词语的来源、正确含义和出错原因，并加以斧正.这对我们很有帮助.(1)把________________，修改为_______________________ _________________________________________________.(2)把________________，修改为______________________ __________________________________________________.(3)把________________，修改为________________________ ________________________________________________.(4)把________________，修改为________________________ ________________________________________________.【答案】(1)“一位”“一名”(2)“惠存”“珍藏”(3)“一定要说出”“最好能指出”(4)“斧正”“纠正”板块四准确、鲜明、生动24．近来，南京准备移栽数百棵树龄近百年的法国梧桐树，为地铁三号线的建设让路.梧桐树是南京的标志之一，是当地人引以为自豪的一道风景.树龄较大的树移栽后存活率很低，但日益拥堵的城市交通状况也给百姓的出行带来了诸多不便.而采用增加下挖深度避免大树遭损的做法，又使建设成本大增.一方面是耗资上百亿的特大利民工程，一方面是具有文化符号意义的梧桐树，孰去孰留，请发表你的看法.要求：①观点鲜明；②运用反问手法阐述理由；③不超过50个字.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】示例：①地铁应该让道.现代文明的发展难道非得以破坏历史文化为代价吗？②梧桐树应该让路.社会要发展总得要有所“牺牲”，且移栽不等于灭绝.死守文化符号难道就是进步吗？25．阅读下面的新闻，用一两句话概括新闻事实，然后用简约的文字对新闻进行点评，点评要求观点明确，用语得体.两项都不能超过30字.今年1月，号称大陆“首善”的富商陈光标率团赴台，进行“行善感恩之旅”.他到南投、桃园、花莲、高雄，为台湾低收入户发慈善红包，总共捐出新台币5亿元(折合人民币1.12亿元)，估计上万人受惠.陈每到一处，都力邀各媒体跟随宣传报导他直接派红包的过程场面，这引起了很大的争议，如国民党执掌的新北市就拒绝接受.对此，陈光标说，一个人做好事如果能传播给十个人，等于做了十件好事，做好事需要传播，他在大陆是高调做慈善，来台湾当然也要“高调行善”.(1)概括：______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】(1)示例一：大陆“首善”陈光标台岛行善受益者上万，高调发红包新台币5亿惹来争议.示例二：大陆“首善”陈光标台岛行，巨款高调行善惹争议.(2)示例一：毋惧争议，只要受者接受，行善高调又何妨.示例二：施惠理应考虑受者感受(尊严)，行善不妨低调.26．请用简洁的文字对下面的新闻事件进行点评.要求：观点鲜明，言之成理，不超过100字.据《人民日报》报道，在一项调查中，45.1%的受访党政干部、57.78%的受访公司白领和55.4%的受访知识分子(主要为高校、科研、文化机构职员)，认为自己属于“弱势群体”.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】示例一：这则新闻折射出当前社会心态失衡的现状.人们的物欲和权利欲等越来越膨胀，人们永远盯着那些比自己强的人，不满足于自己的现状，陷入贪多务得、患得患失的心理怪圈.示例二：这则新闻具有强烈的讽刺意义.党政干部、公司白领等这些处在较高社会阶层的人竟然认为自己是“弱势群体”，那么那些挣扎在社会底层、没有社会保障的人们又是什么？这种身在高处而忘记底层、无视民生的心理要不得.【解析】作答时可考虑以下几个方面：首先要选好点评的角度，切中要害，点到位.其次，点评要精当、独到，要鞭辟入里，以理服人.最后，点评要讲究艺术性.只有这样才能做到新颖、独到，才能做到富有文采、言简意赅，才能使人耳目一新.组织答案时还需要注意字数限制.27．“当你40岁时，没有4000万身价(家)不要来见我，也别说是我学生.”2011年4月4日，北师大教授董藩发微博称，高学历者的贫穷意味着耻辱和失败.此言一出，立刻在微博上引起巨大争议.请你分别简要陈述赞同者和反对者的理由.(各不少于30字)赞同者：_______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】示例：(赞同者：)一个教授不仅肩负传授知识的责任，而且设法挖掘学生创造财富的能力，实属难能可贵.(反对者：)金钱不是衡量人生的价值尺度.教授满嘴的铜臭味，如此扭曲人生价值观，何以为人师表？28．阅读下面的文字，从所学课文中任选一位古人，写出你愿意和他结交的理由.要求：语言表达简明、连贯，80字左右.旅游时，我最想与徐霞客同行.他不仅勇于探险，敢走前人未涉之途，而且广闻博识.与他同游，既能深入人迹罕至的名山大川，又能大长学问，猛增见识，几趟下来，我也就成了半个地理学家.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】示例：喝酒时，我最想和青莲居士共饮.他不仅酒量大，“烹羊宰牛且为乐，会须一饮三百杯”，而且酒风好，“钟鼓馔玉不足贵，但愿长醉不复醒”，更难得的是他酒德好，“人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月”.29．考场中的“严禁抄袭”之类的标语，无形中增加了考生的心理负担.请你为高考考场设计一条温馨的标语，要求主题鲜明，构思新颖.答：___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________【答案】示例一：静静心，易发挥；动动脑，考得好.示例二：微笑面对高考，创造美好未来.。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析(科普类)02专题训练(含解析).doc
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析（科普类）02专题训练（含解析）阅读理解（科普类）02四、Working with a group of baboons 狒狒in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake. She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did. The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more timewatching. This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive 认知的tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information. The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning. 59. What is the first paragraph mainly about A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research. B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research. C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research. D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research. 60. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task A. Those that have more experience. B. Those that can avoid potential risks. C. Those that like to work independently. D. Those that feel anxious aboutlearning. 61. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4 A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning. B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate. 62. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through ______. A. storing information B. learning from each other C. understanding different people D. travelling between social groups 【考点】考察科普知识类阅读【文章大意】本文通过叙述Dr. Alecia Carter在狒狒身上进行的一项研究显示动物的性格在社会化的学习中起着很重要的作用。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析(文化教育类)02专题训练(含解析).doc
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析（文化教育类）02专题训练（含解析）阅读理解（文化教育类）02四、Which boy hasn’t dreamed of being a cool secret agent （特工）The wonderful fighting and the world-saving adventures are much more colourful than most people’s everyday lives. Well, Cody Banks is just like any other boy, except that he is not just dreaming. He has a big secret his friends never know about. He was trained to be a spy（间谍）by a special CIA programme, which was made to look like a summer camp. He learned high-speed driving, hand-to-hand fighting and the use of high-tech tools. After proving he could become a young hero by saving a baby from a runaway car, Banks gets his first real task. He must make friends with a popular girl at school, Natalie Connors. Then, he must spy on her father, a scientist who has developed a dangerous technology （技术）. Banks must stop a group of bad people from forcing Natalie’s father into using the technology to endanger the world. The CIA may have taught him first-class self-defence moves, but they didn’t show him how to talk to girls. Banks has zero ability when it comes to dealing with girls. How can he getaround his problem and get an invitation to the girl’s upcoming birthday party Will he finally become Natalie’s boyfriend and find out whatever he can about her father’s work Agent Cody Banks has everything that young people are interested in big explosions, breath-taking performances and funny girl-dating experiences. It was listed in No.2 in the American box office last week. “This story is intere sting and fun for the whole family to enjoy, and especially cool for young boys.” said Paul Perkins, a film reviewer in the US. 72. What is Bank’s first real task A. To test a high-tech tool B. To save a baby from a car C. To study a new technology D. To watch a scientist secretly 73. Banks wanted to go to Natalie’s birthday party to ______. A. meet her father B. know more people C. make friends with her D. steal some information 74. What is considered as a great danger in the text A. The technology developed by Natalie’s father B. An explosion set off by some bad people C. The CIA’s training of boys for its task D. Secret agents spying on scientists75. What is the purpose of the text A. Making known the work of the CIA B. Telling the story about a cool boy C. Showing the dark side of science D. Introducing a new film 【考点】考察文化类阅读【文章大意】本文介绍了一部新电影Agent Cody Banks的具体内容一个男孩是CIA的间谍，被派去执行一个秘密任务；本文的目的是吸引更多的人去看这部电影。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析(文化教育类)01专题训练(含解析)
阅读理解（文化教育类）01一、Should we allow modern buildings to- be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons for example, economic (经济的) reasons-why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change.Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before,we would all still be living in caves . Thus , I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice.68.What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?A.Some of them are not attractive.B.Most of them ate too expensive to preserve.C.They are more pleasing than modern buildings.D.They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.69.Which of the following is true according to the author ?A.We should reproduce the same old buildings.B.Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.C.Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.D.No one understands why people speak against new buildings.70.By “move things forward ” in the last paragraph , the author probably means“”A.Destroy old buildingsB.Put things in a different placeC.Choose new architectural stylesD.Respect people’s feelings for historical buildin gs71.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To explain why people dislike change.B.To warn that we could end up living in caves.C.To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.D.To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.【考点】考察文化类阅读【文章大意】是否可以在历史遗迹的地方建设现代化的建筑？文章对此问题进行了讨论，作者如果在不破坏原来情况的基础上我们是可以这样做的，因为很多现代建筑能够提升城市的品味。
2019年广东省广州市天河区高考语文二模试卷
2019年广东省广州市天河区高考语文二模试卷一、现代文阅读（36分）1．（9分）论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下题。
史学研究是史家对历史存在的考察，带有主观性，“思想”本身就是主观的产物思想史研究的主观性更加突出。
然而，“思想”作为历史的存在，其内涵和影响不会因为研究者认识的差异而改变，思想史研究的任务就是尽可能准确地把握这个存在，达此目的，要特别注意以下几点第一，把握思想与社会的关系，将思想者置于特定的历史环境下考察其社会基础和历史基础，力戒就思想论思想之弊。
“思想”属于上层建筑，但是思想家生活于现实之中，提出的各种主张，无不来自于对于社会生活的实际感受，直接间接地管着阶级或者阶层的历史印记，因而思想与社会是辩证的统一体。
因此，研究古人思想，首先要厘清思想家所处的时代特点、思想家的社会地位和面临的问题，考察思想家个人及其群体对该思想主张的实践情况。
唯如此，才能明了思想家的主观追求与其所处的社会现实之间存在着什么样的关系，才能真正认识到思想对当时社会提供了什么样范规和支持，又在哪个层面为现实社会捉供了辩解和批判。
第二，全面系统把握思想家的思想体系，将其体系置于历史的长河中考察其源流，在把提其本意的前提下，认识其历史价值和现实价值，思想家的思想主张相互连贯互为支持，上承前人的思想遗产，又为后世提供新的思想基础，同时有着具体的时代特征，同一主张、同一概念的内涵和功能因时而异，这在中国古代思想史上表现得尤为明显，必须科学分析其具体含义，完整准确地理解其思想体系，才能不违古人，而思想史研究，因其主观性突出，研究者的爱好、情感、价值取向直接影响着研究结杲对同一个研究对象有不同的认识，司空见惯。
但是，思想史毕竟是历史的一部分，有其客观性，并不能随意剪裁、望文生义。
思想家之所以成为思想家，就是因为有着自己的思想体系，其理论、主张、逻辑、概念，有其具体的含义和指向，准确理解、系统把是必须遵守的先决条件。
否则，写出来的思想史著作，名为“思想史”，实际上和历史的属性相悖。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析(社会生活类)01专题训练(含解析)
阅读理解（社会生活类）01一、You are the collector in the gallery of your life. You collect. You might not mean to but you do. One out of three people collects tangible（有形的）things such as cats, photos and noisy toys.There are among some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of”—the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors. In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.Some of the collections are fairly common—records, model houses. Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from tree, for example. But they all reveal （显露）a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.Other on the way include “The museum of Collectors” and “The Museum of Me.”These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of.” The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so. They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important point: the beginning or end of adolescence—“it’s a growing-up thing; you stop when you grow up,”says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial （顺序排列的）arrangement is comforting.64. How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?A. By collecting more tangible things.B. By showing what ordinary people have collected.C. By correcting what museums normally represent.D. By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.65. What can be learned about collectors from their collections?A. Who they are.B. How old they are.C.Where they were born.D. Why they might not mean to collect.66. Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?A. To help people sell their collections.B. To encourage more people to collect.C. To study the significance of collecting.D. To find out why people visit museums.67. According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting when theyA. become adultsB. feel happy with lifeC. are ready for a relationshipD. feel time to he uncontrollable【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文介绍了一种新型的收藏模式：普通人自己收藏一些很零碎的东西。
广东省广州市天河区2019高考二轮复习阅读理解及解析(传记类)专题训练(英语解析版)
一、Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.26.What is special about Samuel Osmond?A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play the musical piece he hears.27.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.28.Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.A.received a good early education in musicB.played the guitar and the piano perfectlyC.could play the piano without reading musicD.could play the guitar better than his father29.What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A.He became famous during a special event at his college.B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C.He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.30.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.The Qualities of a MusicianB.The Story of a Musical TalentC.The Importance of Early EducationD.The Relationship between Memory and Music.【考点】考察人物传记类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。