2020高考英语必修4Unit 4 Body language

必修4 Unit 4 Body languageⅠ.阅读理解AIn a foreign country, a man visited a local restaurant. He didn t speak their language. He ordered something indecipherable(难懂的) on the menu. When the waiter brought him a plate of delicious looking fried noodles, he smiled and made an OK sign at the waiter with his thumb and forefinger linked in a circle. Looking angry, the waiter then picked up the dish and threw it to his lap. What he did wrong, he wondered. Well, nothing is quite as it seems when it comes to using hand gesture in another country.Gestures have been used to replace words in many countries, and they are often specific to a given culture. Gesture may mean something complimentary in one culture, but is highly offensive in another.The gesture “thumb-up”is commonly misinterpreted. In English, it is popularly known as “thumbs up”, despite the fact that the action is commonly performed with only one hand. English-speaking Caucasians use it to signal “OK”, which is the same meaning as OK ring gesture. The two can in fact be used almost interchangeably.Avoid using this gesture in Southern Sardina or Northern Greece unless you want to invite a fight. While Americans, British and Australians would use the thumb-up to signal hitch hiking to the drivers, this message will not encourage a Greek driver or motorist to stop to give them a ride.There are no right or wrong signals,only cultural differences. Lack of cultural understanding will lead to disharmony among people from different cultures. When we know what to look for, such encounters with other cultures are actually very interesting, fascinating and fun. It is certainly a great topic to discuss over a cup of coffee and cakes.1. What did the man in the first paragraph do wrong?A.He misunderstood the waiter.B.He didn t realize cultural differences.C.He ordered something on the menu.D.He made the signal in a rude way.2. What does the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?A.Full of admiration.B.Full of aggression.C.Full of complexity.D.Full of certainty.3. What will happen if you make a thumb-up towards a man in Northern Greece?A.He will stop to give you a lift.B.He will get annoyed and fight against you.C.He will ask you to give him a lift.D.He will make the same signal towards you.4. What s the purpose of the passage?A.To explain the meaning of different gestures.B.To tell stories about different cultures.C.To advise us to have an understanding of cultural differences.D.To persuade people from different countries to live in harmony.BScreaming is one of the responses humans share with other animals. Conventional thinking suggests that what sets a scream apart from other sounds is its loudness. However,many sounds that are loud do not raise goose bumps like screams can. To find out what makes human screams unique, neuroscientist Luc Arnal and his team examined a bank of sounds containing sentences spoken or screamed by 19 adults. The result shows screams and screamed sentences had a quality called “roughness”,which refers to how fast a sound changes in loudness. While normal speech sounds only have slight differences in loudness—between 4 and 5 Hz,screams can switch very fast, varying between 30 and 150 Hz,thus considered to be rough and unpleasant.Arnal s team asked 20 subjects to judge screams as fearful or not, and found that the scariest are almost always connected with roughness. The team then studied how the human brain responds to roughness using MRI brain scanners (磁共振颅脑扫描仪). As expected, after hearing a scream, activity increased in the brain s hearing centres where sound coming into the ears is processed. But the scans also lit up in the amygdalae(脑扁桃体), the brain s fear centre.The amygdala is the area that responds to danger. When a threat is detected,our adrenalin(肾上腺素) rises, and our body prepares to react to danger. The study found that roughness isn t heard when we speak naturally, but the most annoying alarm clocks, car horns, and fire alarms possess high degrees of roughness.One potential application for this research might be to add roughness to alarm sounds to make them more effective, the same way a bad smell is added to natural gas to make it easily to be detected. Warning sounds could also be added to electric cars,which are particularly silent, so they can be efficiently detected by pedestrians.5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Different types of screams.B.Specific features of screams.C.Human sounds and animal cries.D.Sound changes and screamed sentences.6. What does the underlined phrase “raise goose bumps”probably mean?A.Make people feel unpleasant.B.Make people feel cold.C.Make people rude and rough.D.Make people unique.7. What can we infer from the passage?A.Roughness is commonly heard in many artificial sounds.B.The travelling speed makes screams different from other sounds.C.Very little scientific research has been done on human screams.D.Normal human speech sounds vary between 30 to 150 Hz in loudness.8. What device may be improved with the researchers findings?A.Traffic lights.B.Security cameras.C.Smart phones.D.Smoke detectors.Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。