【全国百强校】四川省成都市双流县棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟物理试题
四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟试题语文
一、现代文阅读（36分)（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共３小题,９分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
唐代文学繁荣的原因很多，有些时代条件是难以复制的.但之所以能达到高峰，也有文人们的自觉努力，其中有些因素仍然值得当代文艺工作者思考.一代文人为时代而创作的使命感是文学高峰形成的前提。
唐代文人们在不同时期都能将个人和国家命运联系在一起，有为时代而创作的责任感。
例如初盛唐是走向兴盛的时期，文人们对时代和人生进行自觉的思考，将欣逢盛世的自豪感和自信心转化为积极进取的精神和乐观的情怀，创作出充分体现时代风貌的优秀作品.李白在《古风》其一中写道:“圣代复元古,垂衣贵清真。
群才属休明，乘运共跃鳞。
文质相炳焕,众星罗秋旻.我志在删述，垂辉映千春……"他认为开元年间复兴了尧舜的太平之世，才子们纷纷乘此时运,各展才能,写出文质兼备的诗歌,自己更是希望著述照耀千秋。
而在安史之乱中,杜甫处于家国兴亡的危急关头，则写下大量忧国忧民的传世名作。
中唐时期，社会危机重重，白居易提出“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作"，以许多讽喻诗广泛触及中唐各种政治问题反映现实的深度和力度都是后人所不能企及的。
文学高峰的形成与文学风气、文学形式大力变革有关.以诗歌来说，齐梁陈隋时期诗风浮靡,唐朝从开国之初就将政治革新和文风革新联系在一起。
从初唐到盛唐，诗歌经历过三次重要革新。
其主要方向是提倡诗歌文质兼备，发扬比兴寄托的风雅传统，肃清浮华绮丽的文风.初唐四杰提出要廓清“积年绮碎"，强调刚健的气骨和宏博的气象。
继四杰之后，陈子昂标举风雅兴寄和建安气骨，批判齐梁诗的“彩丽竞繁”。
到初盛唐之交，张说和张九龄进一步提出作文要风骨和文采并重，鼓励多样化的内容和风格,并提出以“天然壮丽"为主的审美理想。
经过这三次革新，建安气骨在开元中为诗人们广泛接受，以建安气骨为核心的“盛唐气象”形成.唐代诗人善于提炼具有普遍性的人情，表现人生共同感受,使之达到接近生活哲理的高度，因而尤能引起后人广泛的共鸣。
四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一语文上学期期末模拟考试试题
2021年秋四川省棠湖中学高一期末统考模拟试卷语文试题时量：150分钟分值：150分第一卷阅读题〔70分〕一、现代文阅读〔36分〕〔一〕阐述类文本阅读〔9分，每题3分〕阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
仁与孝在孔子思想体系中具有重要的地位。
“仁〞作为儒学核心理念，结合时代需要演化为“仁德〞〔完美的个人修养〕、“仁爱〞〔理想的人际关系〕、“仁政〞〔完善的政治统治〕思想，形成了完备的“仁学〞体系；“孝〞作为孔子思想的另一个核心概念，同时又贯穿于“仁德〞“仁爱〞“仁政〞之中。
孔子使孝由源出的宗教意义转化为纯粹的伦理意义，从宗教道德传统转化为个人道德修养及家族道德原那么。
孝成为一切高尚道德的内在根据，在详细践行过程中，奉行孝道成为建立各种美德的起点；理论孝道的过程就是仁德不断扩大开展，进而实现孝的目的，同时进达仁德境界的过程。
孔子提出：“孝弟也者，其为仁之本与！〞〔?论语•学而?〕孝悌是仁德的根底，在家里行孝尽悌就是仁德培养的开场，是达仁的有效途径，从而实现“修己以安人，修己以安百姓〞的境地，最终到达仁德兼善天下的目的。
孔子的仁强调人与人相处的根本原那么是爱人。
“樊迟问仁。
子曰：爱人。
〞〔?论语•颜渊?〕孔子要求人们用博大的胸怀去爱人，发自内心深处的爱亲之情成了仁的根本内容。
对父母的亲亲之爱即“孝〞，就自然成为仁爱的起点。
孝与仁的根本内涵是一致的，百姓通过对父母的亲情之爱推己及人，彰显个人对社会、国家的责任和担当，不断追求仁爱的最高目的。
孔子以“爱人〞答复樊迟，意在强调家庭是人际关系的起点，爱从家人开场，进一步推扩到爱别人爱万物爱万民，进达仁爱境界。
孔子希望通过孝建立起良好的家庭秩序，从最根本的亲亲之爱入手，通过发自内心深处爱的情感表达，到达博施于民的仁爱大道，实现家庭和睦、社会安定、人民和谐。
孔子从家庭内部父子、兄弟之间的自然“亲亲〞出发，将孝的功能推扩到社会和政治层面，试图较为圆融地和解家庭、社会和国家关系。
高一上学期期末模拟英语试题
【全国百强校】四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择If you move to a new school, you’ll have to worry whether or not you’ll make friends. Here are some simple suggestions which help you make new friends a lot easier.Try speaking to the people next to you in class. As they’re close by, it makes sense to communicate with them first.Have courage to speak to everyone in your class. You will probably stay with that class through your years at the new school, so it helps if you get on with them.If you don’t have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your subject lessons. You can also talk with them at lunchtime and after school.Join a lunchtime or after-school club. You’ll get to me et kids of all years that way.Ask your teacher to pair you with another pupil.Use your celebrity status! Since you’re the new person, you’ll have gained celebrity status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. Talk to people, remember to smile and always be open and friendly. Listen carefully to what others have to say so as to make them feel important.As you grow older, it’s natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you grow apart from your old friends. So try and make time for all your friends. Why not introduce your different sets of friends so you can all go to the cinema or bowling together?But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, try and ask someone you’re friendly with what is happening. If the w hole group is leaving you out, try to find new people to spend time with at lunchtime.1．According to the passage, moving to a new school is _______.A．interesting B．excitingC．worrying D．boring2．According to the author, what should we do when we move to a new school?A．Sit close to friendly classmates.B．Try to study well to gain others’ trust.C．Try our best to help our new classmates.D．Take possible chances to communicate with others.3．To make our classmates feel that they are important to us, we should ______.A．listen to them carefully B．be friendly and open to them C．smile while talking with them D．make use of our celebrity statusA 9-year-old boy in Indiana stopped a would-be carjacker(劫车贼)on Christmas Day from running away with his father’s truck.Kevin Cooksey was inside the One Stop Express gas station in Kokomo buying medicine for his wife when a man jumped into the driver’s seat of his truck. Cooksey had left the engine running and the door unlocked.“When I saw my truck door open, I was like, ‘Oh my God, what am I going to tell my wife?’” Cooksey said.His son, Larry, was sitting in the back seat. “As soon as he opened the door, I got frightened,” said Larry. “So I pulled out the gun and pointed it to his head.”This was enough to make the carjacker think twice and he jumped out of the truck to try another car. Parked beside Cooksey’s truck was Kyle Sparling’s black Trailblazer. He too had left the engine running as he went into the store. The man got in Sparling’s SUV and took of f.“I didn’t know what to think, I just kind of ran outside and watched him,” said Sparling.As the man sped off, Cooksey told Sparling to get into his truck and the two men began to run after him. The icy winter conditions made the driving difficult, but the pair followed at a safe distance as the carjacker drove in a “Z” way. After a few miles, the carjacker knocked into the sign of a local business, American Tool and Party Rental. Cooksey and Sparling called police to the place.The police put 32-year-ol d Ollie Dunn into prison. Sparling’s car was damaged in the wheel, and the windscreen got cracked after the sign fell on it. “I was just glad he didn’t knock into anybody,” Sparling said. “That was my biggest fear, I think.”4．How did Larry stop the carjacker?A．He hit him with a gun. B．He begged him to stop.C．He cried for others’ help.D．He frightened him away with a gun. 5．Why could the carjacker easily drive away the SUV?A．The carjacker broke into it.B．It was parked in the wrong place.C．Nobody was in but the engine was on.D．The driver went to buy medicine for his wife.6．What ended the carjacker’s escape?A．The police stopped him.B．His driving ability was very poor.C．The SUV got damaged in an accident.D．Cooksey and Sparling caught up with him.7．What does the underlined word “That” in the last paragraph refer to?A．Spraling’s car was stolen.B．Sparling’s car was damaged.C．The carjacker might run away. D．The carjacker might hurt somebody.A jobless man applied for the position of “office boy” at Microsoft. The HR manager interviewed him and then watched him cleaning the floor as a test.“You are employed,” he said. “Give me your e-mail address and I’ll send you the application to fill in, as well as date when you may start.”The man replied, “But I don’t have a computer, neither an e-mail.”“I’m sorry,” said the HR manager. “If you don’t have an e-mail, that means you do not exist. And a person who doesn’t exist cannot have the job.”The man left with no hope at all. With only ten dollars in his pocket, he decided to go to the supermarket and buy 10kg tomatoes. He then sold the tomatoes from door to door. In less than two hours, he succeeded to double his capital. He repeated the operation three times, and returned home happily with 60 dollars.The man realized that he could survive in this way, and started to go every day early, and return late. Thus, his money doubled or tripled every day. Shortly, he bought a cart, then a truck, and then he had his own delivery vehicles. Five years later, the man was one of the biggest food retailers (零售商人) in the US.He started to plan his family’s future and decided to have a life insurance. He called an insurance broker (经纪人) and chose a protection plan.When the conversation ended, the broker asked him his e-mail. The man replied, “I don’t have an e-mail.”The broker answered surprisingly, ‘‘You don’t have an e-mail, and yet have succeeded to build an empire. Can you imagine what you could have been if you had an e-mail?” The man thought for a while and rep lied, “Yes, I’d be an office boy at Microsoft!”8．Why couldn’t the man have the job at Microsoft?A．Because he was lazy. B．Because he didn’t pass the test. C．Because he didn’t have an e-mail. D．Because he didn’t have a computer. 9．The underlined word “capital” can be replaced byA．tomato B．moneyC．time D．operation10．What can we learn about the man?A．He is one of the biggest food retailers in the world.B．He started his career by selling tomatoes in the supermarket.C．He didn’t give up though he failed the interview.D．He didn’t want to accept the job at Microsoft.11．Which proverb can best describe the story?A．Misfortune may be an actual blessing. B．Where there is a will, there is a way. C．Accidents will happen. D．No pains, no gains.Stay-at-home kids are named “generation nini” in Spain. They are those adults who still live at home and are neither working nor studying. But the problem is not limited to Spain. It is a worldwide problem.In Italy, they are known as “bamboccioni” or big babies. There nearly 60 percent of18-34-year-old adults still live in their parents’ home, up from almost 50 percent since 1983. Once kept there by the love for their mama’s home-cooked food, the economic crisis（经济危机）has seen a rise in adults left unable to hold down a steady job or afford a home of their own. Last year, an Italian government minister admitted that his mother washed his clothes and made the bed for him until he was 30. He demanded a law forcing young Italians to leave their parents’ home at 18 to stop them becoming hopelessly dependent on their parents.In the UK, the government has made the term NEETS---not in employment, education or training for these children. In England alone the percent of NEETS aged 19-24 surged to 18.8 percent of the age group-in the last quarter of 2010, up 1.4 percent on the same period a year before. The number of British men in their 20s living with their parents has risen from 59 percent to 80 percent in the past 15 years, while the number of women has risen from 41percent to 50 percent. The average age of the first-time house buyers is now 38.In the US, the problem is known as the “full nest syndrome（综合症）”. Adults there areleft struggling to support adult children who have stayed at home with student debts and facing few job opportunities in a weak economy. A recent study showed almost a third of American adults aged 34 and under are living with their parents12．“Big babies” mentioned in Paragraph 2 refers to those adults who ______.A．are poorly educated B．are not as smart as othersC．lose their job in the bad economy D．depend on their parents for a living 13．The Italian government minister thinks that ______.A．parents should make their children feel hopelessB．young people should live on their own after18C．parents should never make the bed for their childrenD．it is OK for adult children to live with their parents14．The underlined word “surged” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A．jumped B．reducedC．recovered D．moved15．What does the last paragraph tell us? ______A．Some American adult children are causing trouble for their parentsB．American parents are happy to live with their childrenC．America has the most adult children compared with other countriesD．It is a tradition for adult children to live with their parents in America二、七选五Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home:16．An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. 17．So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home.Stay lowIf you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit. 18．You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route，staying low means you can crawl (爬) undermost of it.What if y ou can’t get out right away?If you can’t get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help. You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you. 19．Then, firefighters will have a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out.If your clothes catch fire, what should you do?Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle. If this happens, don’t run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your face with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. 20．A．An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll!B．Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are.C．Preventing fires is in the first place!D．Know your way outE.They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire.F.Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet.G.In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people, than the actual flames (火焰) do.三、完形填空The year my dad turned 80, my brother and I decided to throw a surprise party for him. The night before, I stayed over at Dad’s house. He was expecting the party, but looked21 . I knew why. One person couldn’t be at t he party—Mom. She had 22 a few years before, and we all missed her so much. God, I prayed, please let Dad feel a little better 23 because of our company.Mom and Dad were 24 for each other. He loved her so much; he 25 to save enough money for a 26 before they got married. But it wasn’t 27 their 40th wedding anniversary(纪念日) that Dad finally could 28 to buy a diamond ring. Mom wore it so 29 for so many years until the day she 30 it.That day she was making jellies(果胶) and didn’t want her ring to get31 . She removed the ring and 32 it on the windows. When she had finished, she looked for it everywhere but couldn’t find it. At last Mom cried, 33 Dad said the ring wasn’timportant and the 34 they had for each other was the most important.Before going to the 35 I looked around for something to clean my shoes, and found an old cloth bag. Dad saw it. “I meant to throw that old thing36 a week ago,” he said. I held it in my hand and 37 ther e’s something there. I reached in. “Dad, look!” I shouted, 38 my find —Mom’s ring.Dad was very 39 and he took the ring and held it tight (紧紧地). It shone all through the party. “Mom’s here 40 us,” he said.21．A．sad B．bored C．embarrassed D．nervous22．A．got away B．passed away C．went away D．ran away23．A．at most B．at last C．at first D．at least24．A．perfect B．thankful C．ready D．famous25．A．tried B．managed C．agreed D．refused26．A．gift B．flower C．ring D．car27．A．before B．after C．until D．when28．A．afford B．want C．try D．remember29．A．rarely B．proudly C．awfully D．lively30．A．sold B．broke C．hid D．lost31．A．colorful B．wet C．dirty D．terrible32．A．replaced B．placed C．sent D．set33．A．if B．or C．so D．but34．A．love B．money C．children D．house35．A．church B．party C．cinema D．square36．A．on B．away C．over D．up37．A．saw B．imagined C．observed D．felt38．A．bringing up B．giving up C．holding up D．splitting up 39．A．frightened B．relaxed C．delighted D．interested40．A．from B．to C．over D．with四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国百强校】四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟地理试题
【全国百强校】四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟地理试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题读北半球到达大气上界太阳辐射随纬度变化的年总辐射量分布图，完成下面小题。
1．据图推测，全球到达大气上界太阳辐射分布的突出特点是（）A．由南向北递减B．由北向南递减C．由高纬地区向低纬地区递减D．由低纬地区向高纬地区递减2．太阳辐射对地理环境的影响主要有（）①维持地球表面的温度②是推动大气运动、水循环的主要动力③为地球火山爆发提供能量④是地球生物生存所需能量的最主要来源A．①②③④B．①②④C．①③④D．①②③等压线是某一水平面上气压相同各点的连线。
根据下图,回答下列小题。
3．①②③④四幅等压线图中,P点所在位置风力最大的是( )A．①B．②C．③D．④4．②图(北半球)中P地的风向为( )A．东北风B．东南风C．西南风D．西北风北半球西风气流受青藏高原阻挡，分为南北两支，冬季，西风气流南移，其南支气流沿青藏高原南缘向东移动，带来暖湿气流，读图，回答问题。
5．在我国，南支暖湿气流与北方南下冷空气势均力敌，相持不下，从而在昆明与贵阳之间形成A．准静止锋B．冷锋C．反气旋D．暖锋6．在图示天气系统控制下，昆明可能出现的天气状况为A．阴雨连绵B．风和日丽C．晴雨无常D．暖锋下图是我国东北及周边地区某年11月某时天气形势示意图。
据此，回答下列各题。
7．此时，甲地风向为A．东北风B．西北风C．东南风D．西南风8．图中能正确反映大连市未来几天天气变化的是A．B．C．D．9．下列现象与图中冷锋天气系统过境无关的是A．感冒患者数量猛增B．病虫害减少，有利于来年农作物生长C．交通事故频发D．城市用电、用气量减少下图为亚洲部分地区某季节风向示意图。
据此，回答下列各题。
10．图示季节甲地的气候特征为A．高温多雨B．低温少雨C．寒冷干燥D．炎热干燥11．图中乙地风向的成因是A．东北信风带的控制B．副热带高气压带控制C．海陆热力性质差异D．气压带风带的季节移动下图所示为一假想地区某月等温线分布。
四川省棠湖中学2020┄2021学年高一上学期期末模拟英语试题 Word版含答案
英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Mike？A. A teacher.B. A student.C. A writer.2. Where is Mr. Jones now？A. At home.B. In the hospital.C. At his office.3. Why was the woman so late？A. Something went wrong with the bus.B. She took somebody to hospital.C. She got up late.4. Why does the man want to keep the window shut？A. He is ill.B. He wants to open it himself.C. The air inside is fresh enough.5. What are the two speakers talking about？A. Music.B. Hobbies.C. Basketball.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How did the man get to the country last weekend？A. By car.B. By bicycle.C. On foot.7. Where did the man go afterwards？A. To the East Lake.B. To the mountains.C. To the gardens.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
2020-2021学年四川省成都市棠湖中学实验学校高一地理上学期期末试卷含解析
2020-2021学年四川省成都市棠湖中学实验学校高一地理上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题(每小题2分，共52分)1. 下列有关地球公转位置和速度的正确说法是每年A. 7月初，地球经过近日点B. 1月初，地球经过远日点C. 7月初，地球公转角速度和线速度都小D. 1月初，地球公转角速度和线速度都小参考答案：C2. 下图是我国某城市发展过程中1990年和2008年的比较图，读图回答29—30题。
29．图中直接表现出来的城市化的主要标志是()A．城市总人口增加B．城市用地规模扩大C．城市人口在总人口中的比重上升D．城市工业部门更齐全30．从1990年到2008年该城市的工业部门大部分由城区迁移到郊区，主要原因是()①城区住房紧张，交通不便；②郊区交通网的不断完善；③缓解城区日益严重的环境污染；④郊区土地廉价A．①②B．①②③C．①②④ D．②③④参考答案：B D3. 季风水田农业的水稻种植的有利条件是( )①有广大的季风区和热带雨林区②许多大河都有大面积的中下游平原和三角洲地区③东亚、南亚和东南亚人口稠密，劳动力丰富④工业化水平高，保证了大型农业机械的供应A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②③④ D．①②④参考答案：A4. 读北半球某区域海平面等压线图（单位：百帕），完成14-16题。
14.a、b、c、d四箭头表示的风向，正确的是A.aB.bC.cD.d15.甲地比乙地A.气压高B.风力大C.气温高D.湿度大16.有关丙、丁两地大气状况的描述，正确的是A.丙地，晴朗无云B.气温日较差，丁地大于丙地C.丙地，狂风暴雨电闪雷鸣D.丁地，阴雨绵绵参考答案：C B B5. 下图为某区域洋流环流简图，右侧箭头为相应风带的盛行风。
读图，回答下面小题。
28. 流经①处的洋流流向与下列四幅图所示一致的是A. B. C. D.29. 若图示区域为太平洋，则②处洋流名称为A. 秘鲁寒流B. 加利福尼亚寒流C. 日本暖流D. 阿拉斯加暖流参考答案：28. C 29. B28. 根据盛行风向的分布看，风从该纬度向两侧吹出，该纬度附近必定是高压带，则是副热带高气压带，两侧分布着低纬信风带和盛行西风带；再根据风向判断，该图示区域位于北半球，图中的洋流为北半球中低纬度洋流圈，流经①处的洋流为北半球的暖流。
四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试试题生物
第Ｉ卷选择题，共５４分)一、选择题本大题共18个小题，每题３分，共５４分１．保健品“黄金搭档”组合维生素片中含钙、铁、锌、硒等元素,其中属于组成生物体的大量元素的是A．钙ﻩﻩ B.铁 C．锌 D.硒2。
下列化合物中含有的化学元素种类最少的一组是A。
淀粉酶和过氧化氢酶 B.纤维素和脱氧核糖C．胆固醇和磷脂 D。
ＡTＰ和核糖3。
下列概念除哪项外，均可用下图来表示A．１表示固醇,２~４分别表示脂质、磷脂、性激素B.1表示核糖核苷酸，2~4分别表示含氮碱基、核糖、磷酸Ｃ.1表示糖类，２～4分别表示单糖、二糖、多糖Ｄ。
1表示双层膜的细胞结构，2～４分别表示线粒体、叶绿体、细胞核4.下列关于组成细胞的化合物的叙述,不正确的是A.糖原、淀粉、纤维素的基本组成单位均为葡萄糖B.脂肪在动植物细胞中均有分布C.蛋白质一旦在核糖体上合成就具有相应的结构和功能Ｄ。
核糖脱去一个氧原子可转化为脱氧核糖5．关于“观察DNA和RＮA在细胞中的分布”的实验,下列说法中正确的是A.染色时先用甲基绿染液，再用吡罗红染液B．用质量分数为8％的盐酸的目的之一是使DＮA与蛋白质分离，并使DNＡ水解Ｃ．酒精灯烘干载玻片，可将细胞固定在载玻片上D。
用高倍显微镜可以比较清楚地看到呈现绿色的染色体和呈现红的ＤNA分子６.下列关于细胞生命历程的说法，错误的是Ａ。
脑细胞缺氧而死亡是细胞的坏死B.细胞代谢速度减慢是细胞衰老的主要特征之一Ｃ。
细胞的正常基因突变成原癌基因是细胞癌变的原因D.老鼠胚胎时指间有蹼出生后指间无蹼是细胞凋亡的结果7。
下列关于“检测生物组织中糖类、脂肪和蛋白质"实验的操作步骤叙述中,正确的是A.用于鉴定可溶性还原糖的斐林试剂甲液和乙液,可直接用于蛋白质的鉴定B。
脂肪的鉴定需要用显微镜才能看到被染成橘黄色的脂肪滴C.鉴定可溶性还原糖时，要加入斐林试剂甲液摇匀后，再加入乙液D.用于鉴定蛋白质的双缩脲忒剂Ａ液与B液要混合均匀后，再加入含样品的试管中,且必须现混现用８.蛋白质中的N主要存在于蛋白质的哪一种结构中Ａ。
四川省成都市中国百强中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析
四川省成都市中国百强中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1. As everyone knows, the Diaoyu Islands ________ China since ancient times.A. belonged toB. were belonging toC. have belonged toD. were belonged to参考答案：C2. The coat you wear now is the same ________ I bought yesterday.A. likeB. asC. thatD. which参考答案：B3. I'd appreciate _______if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A．that B．it C．this D．this参考答案：B4. What I want to know is ____ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. 不填参考答案：C5. My grandfather, who the World War Two, likes to talk to us about his experience.A. went through B．got through C．went out from D．came out of参考答案：A6. The ballon Li Ming’s father has just bought him is ___ mine. A. as three times big as B. three times the size ofC. three times big asD. as three times the size of参考答案：B7. ---What can I do for you, sir?---I’d like to see the manager ______ of sales department.A. in the chargeB. under chargeC. in chargeD. is in charge参考答案：C8. Children who are not active or ____________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. whatB. whichC. whoseD. that参考答案：C9. He had unraveled the truths behind important questions, but his studies had taken him to a point beyond which he could not seem to go. He had tried__________ to establish a relationship with an alchemist. But the alchemists were strange people, who thought only about themselves,and almost always refused to help him.A. in vainB. in a flashC. in returnD. in possession参考答案：A【详解】考查词组。
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【全国百强校】四川省成都市双流县棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末模拟物理试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．以下说法不符合．．．物理学史实的是：( ) A ．亚里士多德认为，必须有力作用在物体上，物体才能运动；没有力的作用，物体就要静止在某一个地方B ．伽利略通过理想实验得出结论：力是维持物体运动的原因C ．笛卡尔指出：如果运动中的物体没有受到力的作用，它将以同一速度沿同一直线运动，既不停下来也不偏离原来的方向D ．牛顿第一定律是逻辑思维对事实进行分析的产物，不可能直接用实验验证2． 如图所示是骨折病人的牵引装置示意图，绳的一端固定，绕过定滑轮和动滑轮后挂着一个重物，与动滑轮相连的帆布带拉着病人的脚，整个装置在同一竖直平面内.为了使脚所受的拉力增大，可采取的方法是( )A ．只增加绳的长度B ．只增加重物的质量C ．只将病人的脚向左移动远离定滑轮D ．只将两定滑轮的间距变大3．若有一个小孩从滑梯上由静止开始沿直线匀加速下滑。
当他下滑距离为L 时,速度为v ,当它的速度是2v 时,它沿斜面下滑的距离是( ) A ．4L B ．22L C ．2L D ．34L 4．甲、乙两辆汽车沿同一平直路面行驶，其v ﹣t 图象如图，下列对汽车运动状况的描述正确的是（ ）A．在第10s末，乙车改变运动方向B．在第10s末，甲、乙两车相距150mC．在第20s末，甲、乙两车相遇D．若乙车在前，则可能相遇两次5．如图所示，用细线悬挂一个均匀小球靠在光滑的竖直墙上，如果把线的长度边长，仍保持小球静止，则关于球对线的拉力F T、对墙的压力F N，下列说法正确的是( )A．F T、F N都不变B．F T减小、F N增大C．F T、F N都减小D．F T增大、F N 减小6．如图所示，一轻绳的两端分别固定在不等高的A、B两点，现用另一轻绳将一物体系于O点，设轻绳AO、BO相互垂直，α>β，且两绳中的拉力分别为F A、F B，物体受到的重力为G，下列表述正确的是（）A．F A一定大于GB．F A一定大于F BC．F A一定小于F BD．F A与F B大小之和一定等于G7．在探究超重和失重的规律时，某体重为G的同学站在压力传感器上完成一次下蹲动F随时间t变化的图像可能是图作.传感器和计算机相连，经计算机处理后得到的压力N中的（）A．B．C．D．8．“蹦极”是一项刺激的体育运动。
某人身系弹性绳自高空P点自由下落，图中a点是弹性绳的原长位置，c是人所到达的最低点，b是人静止悬吊着时的平衡位置，人在从P 点下落到最低点c点的过程中：A．在a点时人的速度最大B．在ab段绳的拉力小于人的重力，人处于失重状态C．在ab段人做减速运动D．在c点，人的速度为零，处于平衡状态9．做自由落体运动的甲乙两物体所受的重力之比为2：1，下落高度之比为1：2，则（）A．下落过程中的加速度之比为2：1B．下落时间之比为1：2C．落地速度之比为1D．若甲乙同时下落，在甲落地前，两者间的距离越来越近二、多选题10．如图所示，表面光滑的半圆柱体固定在水平面上，小物块在拉力F的作用下从B 点沿圆弧缓慢上滑至A点，此过程中F始终沿圆弧的切线方向，则（）A．小物块受到的支持力逐渐变大B．小物块受到的支持力先变小后变大C．拉力F逐渐变小D．拉力F先变大后变小11．如图所示，A、B球的质量相等，弹簧的质量不计，倾角为θ的斜面光滑，系统静止时，弹簧与细线均平行于斜面，在细线被烧断的瞬间下列说法正确的是( )A．两个小球的瞬时加速度均沿斜面向下，大小均为g sinθB．B球的受力情况未变，瞬时加速度为零C．A球的瞬时加速度沿斜面向下，大小为2g sinθD．弹簧有收缩的趋势，B球的瞬时加速度向上，A球的瞬时加速度向下，A、B两球瞬时加速度都不为零12．如图甲所示，某人正通过轻绳利用定滑轮将质量为m的货物提升到高处，滑轮和绳的摩擦不计，货物获得的加速度a与绳子对货物竖直向上的拉力T之间的函数关系如图乙所示，已知重力加速度为g，由图判断下列说法正确的是A．图线与横轴的交点P的值B．图线与横轴的交点N的值C．图线的斜率等于物体的质量mD．图线的斜率等于物体质量的倒数三、实验题13．某同学用如图所示的实验装置来验证“力的平行四边形定则”．弹簧测力计A挂于固定点P，下端用细线挂一重物M．弹簧测力计B的一端用细线系于O点，手持另一端向左拉，使结点O静止在某位置．分别读出弹簧测力计A和B的示数，并在贴于竖直木板的白纸上记录O点的位置和拉线的方向．(1)本实验用的弹簧测力计示数的单位为N，图中A的示数为_______N．(2)下列不必要的实验要求是_________．(请填写选项前对应的字母)A．应测量重物M所受的重力B．弹簧测力计应在使用前校零C．拉线方向应与木板平面平行D．改变拉力，进行多次实验，每次都要使O点静止在同一位置（3）某次实验中，该同学发现弹簧测力计A的指针示数稍稍超出量程，请你提出一个解决办法．14．如图所示为某同学研究“在外力一定的条件下，物体的加速度与其质量间的关系”的实验装置示意图。
（1）下面列出了一些实验器材：电磁打点计时器、纸带、带滑轮的长木板、垫块、小车和砝码、沙和沙桶、刻度尺。
除以上器材外，还需要的实验器材有________。
A．秒表B．天平（附砝码）C．低压交流电源D．低压直流电源（2）实验中，需要平衡阻力。
把木板一端垫高，调节木板的倾斜度，使小车在不受绳的拉力时能沿木板________。
（3）实验中，为了保证小车受到绳子的拉力近似等于沙和沙桶所受的重力，沙和沙桶的总质量m与小车和车上砝码的总质量M之间应满足的条件是________。
（4）如图所示，A、B、C、D、E为五个相邻的计数点，若相邻计数点之间的时间间隔T＝0.10s，相邻计数点间的距离分别为x AB＝4.54cm，x BC＝5.13cm，x CD＝5.72cm，x DE＝6.33cm，则小车的加速度a＝________ m/s2（结果保留3位有效数字）。
（5）为了直观得到加速度a与小车和车上砝码的总质量M的关系，本实验需多次改变M，测量相应的加速度a，并描绘a与_______的关系图像。
四、解答题15．一辆汽车以72km/h的速度行驶，现因紧急事故刹车并最终停止运动。
已知汽车刹车过程中的加速度大小为4m/s2，若从刹车瞬间开始计时，求：(1)汽车2s末的速度和前2s的位移；(2)汽车前6s的位移。
16．如图所示，质量M=8kg的小车放在光滑水平面上，在小车左端加一水平推力F=8N，当小车向右运动的速度达到1.5m/s时，在小车前端轻轻地放上一个大小不计，质量为m=2kg的小物块，物块与小车间的动摩擦因数为0.2，小车足够长．求：（1）小物块刚放上小车时，小物块及小车的加速度各为多大？（2）经多长时间两者达到相同的速度？共同速度是多大？（3）从小物块放上小车开始，经过t=1.5s小物块通过的位移大小为多少？（取g=10m/s2）．17．如图所示，质量M=2.0kg的薄木板静止在水平桌面上，薄木板上放有质量m=1.0kg 的小铁块（可视为质点），它离木板左端的距离为L=0.25m，铁块与木板间的动摩擦因数为μ=0.2，设最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力．现用一水平向右的拉力作用在木板上，使木板和铁块由静止开始运动，g取10m/s2．(1)若桌面光滑，拉力大小恒为F1=4.8N，求小铁块运动的加速度大小；(2)若木板以4.0m/s2的加速度从铁块下抽出，求抽出过程所经历的时间t；(3)若桌面与薄木板间的动摩擦因数也为μ，则拉力F2的大小满足什么条件才能将木板从铁块下抽出？参考答案1．B【详解】A ．亚里士多德认为力的作用是使物体运动的原因，A 的说法符合物理学史，故不选A ；B ．伽利略通过理想实验得出结论小球沿一个斜面由静止滚下来，在滚上另一个斜面，如果没有摩擦，减小另一个斜面的倾角，最后使它成水平面，小球将在水平面上以恒定的速度维持运动下去，即运动不需要力来维持，故B 项说法不符合物理学史，故应选B ；C ．笛卡尔指出如果运动中的物体没有受到力的作用，它将以同一速度沿同一直线运动，既不停下来也不偏离原来的方向，C 的说法符合物理学史，故不选C ；D ．牛顿第一定律是逻辑思维对事实进行分析的产物，不可能直接用实验验证，符合物理学史，故不选D 。
2．BC【解析】动滑轮受三个共点力而平衡，两绳拉力大小相等，其合力与脚受到的拉力等大反向，两绳的合力随夹角的增大而减小，D 错；脚向左移动时，两绳间夹角变小，合力变大，C 正确；绳子长度变化不影响两绳间夹角，A 错；两绳拉力均增大时，脚受到的拉力也随之增大，B 正确.3．A【详解】由题意知:v 2=2aL222v ax ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭解得 4L x =A 选项正确，B 、C 、D 错误；故选A 。
4．D【详解】 A ．由图可知，在第20s 内，乙车一直沿正方向的运动，速度方向没有改变，故A 错误； BC ．由于不知道初始位置甲乙相遇多远，所以无法判断在10s 末两车相距多少，也不知道再20s末能否相遇，故BC错误；D．若刚开始乙在前，且距离为150m，则在10s末两车相遇；之后甲在乙的前面，当乙的速度等于甲的速度之后，乙慢慢的追上乙，在某个时刻会相遇，故D正确。
故选D。
5．C【解析】以小球为研究对象，分析受力如图：设绳子与竖直墙面的夹角为θ，由平衡条件得：T mgFcosθ=，F N=mgtanθ把绳子变长时，θ角减小，则cosθ变大，tanθ减小，则得到F T和F N都减小；故选C．6．B【详解】对F A和F B正交分解，水平方向分力大小相等，竖直方向分力之和等于G，可知F A一定大于F B，故B正确，ACD错误。
故选B。
7．D【详解】该同学站在压力传感器上完成一次下蹲动作的过程中，先向下加速，后向下减速，其加速度先向下后向上，即先失重后超重，选项D正确.；ABC错故选D8．B【解析】【分析】牛顿第二定律判断出人的加速度方向，根据加速度的方向与速度方向的关系，判断出人的运动情况，从而确定哪个位置速度最大，哪个位置加速度最大；【详解】AC、从a点到b，人的重力大于弹力，加速度向下，则做加速运动，根据牛顿第二定律知，加速度减小，当到达b 位置，重力和弹力相等，速度最大，由b 到c ，重力小于弹力，加速度方向向上，做减速运动，故A 、C 错误；B 、在ab 段绳的拉力小于人的重力，加速度向下，人处于失重状态，故B 正确；D 、在c 点，速度为零，重力小于弹力，不是平衡状态，故D 错误；故选B 。
【点睛】关键是弹性绳类似于弹簧，分析加速度和速度的变化情况，分析游戏者的受力情况，确定合力的变化情况。