华中科技大学实用标准C语言程序设计及指导应用习题问题详解

第二章一.选择题1.C2.B D3.A4.A5. D6.C7.D8.C9.A 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.A16.B 17.A 18.B 100011 001111二.判断题1.错2.错3.错4.错三.填空题1. B 662. n1=%d\nn2=%d\n3. 0四.计算1(1)x|y = 0x002f(2)x^y = 0x0026(3)x&y = 0x0009;(4)~x+~y = 0xffc6(5)x<<=3 0x0068(6)y>>=4 0x00022(1) 6(2)50(3) 1(4)–16(5) 1(6)203(1)0(2) 1(3) 1(4) 4(5)8(6) 14(1)12(2)0(3) 1(4)27(6) 6(7)24(8)27(9)–295(1)0(2) 1(3) 1(4)–3(5) 2五.程序分析题程序1b=20 a=3600程序2第三章一.填空题1.s=62.963.(1) scanf("%c",&c);(2) c-32 更好的答案：c-('a'-'A')2.1main(){int a,b;printf("please input a & b:");scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);printf("\nmax is %d\n",(a>b)?a:b);}2.2int max(int x,int y);main(){int a,b,c,max;printf("please input a & b & c:");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);max=a>b?a:b;max=c>max?c:max;printf("\nmax is %d\n",max);}2.3{int i=0,sum=0;while(i<=100){sum+=i;i++;}printf("1+2+3+......+100=%d\n",sum);}2.4main(){int i;int a=10,b=-3;int c;printf("%6d%6d",a,b);for(i=2;i<10;i++){c=3*b+a;printf("%6d",c);a=b;b=c;}printf("\n");}2.5main(){int i;while(1){printf("please input a data(0:exit):");scanf("%d",&i);if(i==0)break;if(i%2==0)printf("the data %d is a even number.\n",i);elseprintf("the data %d is a odd number.\n",i); }}2.6#include <stdio.h>main(){int i;int a=8,b=1;int sum=0;for(i=0;i<10;i++){b+=3;sum += a;a+=b;printf("a%8d b:%8d\n",a,b);}printf("The Sum Of Is:%d\n",sum);}2.7#include <stdio.h>main(){float x,y;printf("please input x:");scanf("%f",&x);if(x<1.0)y=x;else if(x<10)y=2*x-1;elsey=3*x-11;printf("y=%f\n",y);}2.8#include <stdio.h>main(){long a,i,b,a1;while(1){printf("please input data(1-99999):");scanf("%ld",&a);printf("a:%ld\n",a);if(a<=0||a>=100000)break;i=0;a1=0;while(a!=0){b=a%10;printf("%8d",b);a/=10;i++;a1=a1*10+b;}printf("\n i:%ld a1:%ld\n",i,a1);}}2.9#include <stdio.h>#include <time.h>#include <stdlib.h>main(){int a,b,i,k=0;randomize();a=random(1001);/*create a random data(0-1000)*/ for(i=0;i<20;i++){printf("please guess a number:");scanf("%d",&b);if(a>b){k++;printf("\n%d:Smaller,guess again!\n",k);}else if(a<b){k++;printf("\n%d:Bigger,guess again!\n",k);}else{printf("\nYou guess right,congraturation!") ;printf("\nYou have guessed %d times",k);break;}}if(k==20)printf("\nsorry,you failed!");}2.10#include <stdio.h>main(){int a,b,c;int num;for(a=0;a<10;a++){for(b=0;b<10;b++){for(c=1;c<10;c++){num=a*100+b*10+c;if((num%3==0)&&(a==5||b==5||c==5))printf("%8d",num);}}}printf("\n\n\n");}2.11#include <stdio.h>main(){int i;int a,b;printf("please input a,b:");scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);for(i=a<b?a:b;i>0;i--){if(a%i==0&&b%i==0){printf("The max=%d",i);break;}}for(i=a>b?a:b;i>0;i++){if(i%a==0&&i%b==0){printf("\nThe min=%d",i);break;}}2.12#include <stdio.h>main(){int a,k=0;printf("please input data:");scanf("%d",&a);while(a%2==0){a=a/2;k++;}printf("\nthe number of factor(2) is %d",k); }2.13main(){long i,t=1;long sum=0;for(i=1;i<=10;i++){t*=i;sum+=t;printf("%ld!=%ld\n",i,t);}printf("sum:%ld\n",sum);}2.14#include <stdio.h>void main(){int i,x=0;for(i=9;i>=1;i--){x=2*(x+1);}printf("The first day:%d",x);}2.15#include <stdio.h>#define PI 3.141593main(){float r,h;float v;printf("please input r,h:");scanf("%f%f",&r,&h);v=1.0/3*PI*r*r*h;printf("V=%.2f",v);}2.16#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>main(){long int sn=0;long int m=0,t=0;int a,n,i;printf("please input a n:");scanf("%d%d",&a,&n);for(i=0;i<n;i++){m=m*10+a;sn+=m;}printf("a+aa+aaa+...+aa...a=%ld\n\n",sn); }2.17#include <stdio.h>main(){int k;printf("please input k:");do{scanf("%d",&k);if(k>=0&&k<=6)break;}while(1);switch(k){case 0:printf("Sunday.\n");break;case 1:printf("Monday.\n");break;case 2:printf("Tuesday.\n");break;case 3:printf("Wednesday.\n");break;case 4:printf("Thursday.\n");break;case 5:printf("Friday.\n");break;case 6:printf("Saturday.\n");break;}}2.18#include <stdio.h>main(){int i;double x,a,b=1,sum=1;printf("please input x:");scanf("%lf",&x);a=x;for(i=1;a/b>=1e-6;i++){sum=sum+a/b;a=a*x;b=(i+1)*b;}printf("\nsum=%lf",sum);}2.19#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>main(){float a,x1,x2;printf("input a:");scanf("%f",&a);x1=1.0;while(1){x2=1.0/2*(x1+a/x1);if(fabs(x2-x1)<1e-5)break;x1=x2;}printf("sqrt(a)=%f",x2);}第四章写出下列程序输出结果1.no 1 a=1no 1 a=0no 1 a=1no 1 a=02.a=0 b=0 c=0a=1 b=0 c=0a=2 b=0 c=03.main:x=5,y=1,n=1func:x=6,y=21,n=11main:x=5,y=1,n=11func:x=8,y=31,n=21第五章1.D2.D3.C4.65.CDABC6.(1)j+=2(2)a[i]<a[j]7.(1)s[i++]!='\0'(2)s[i-1]8.D9.B10.6(同题4)11.s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9'12. (1)'\0' (2)str1[i]-str2[i]5.1#include<stdio.h>int fun();int fun(){int a[3][3],sum;int i,j;sum=0;/*error*/for(i=0;i<3;i++){for(j=0;j<3;j++)scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);/*error*/}for(i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];printf("sum=%d\n",sum);}void main(){fun();}5.2#include <stdio.h>void main( void ){float Num[10];float Input,GetNum[11];int i,j;float a=6;for(i=0; i<10; i++){Num[i]=a;a=a+7.5;}Loop1: printf("Please input a Number(0-80) Input=");scanf("%f",&Input);if((Input<0)||(Input>70)==1)goto Loop1;for(i=0; i<10; i++ ){if(Input<Num[i])goto Loop2;}Loop2: for(j=0; j<i; j++ )GetNum[j]=Num[j];GetNum[j]=Input;for(j=i; j<=10; j++,i++)GetNum[j+1]=Num[i];for(j=0; j<11; j++ )printf("%3.3f ",GetNum[j]);}5.3#include "stdio.h"#include "stdlib.h"main(){int a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9;int a[3];int i;for(;;){for (i=0;i<3;i++){a[i]=rand()%3;}while((a[0]!=a[1]) && (a[0]!=a[2]) && (a[1]!=a[2]))/*get three different numbers 0,1,2*/{a1=a[0]+1;/*divide 1~9 into three groups,a1~a3,a4~a6,a7~a9*/a2=a[1]+1;a3=a[2]+1;a4=a1+3;a5=a2+3;a6=a3+3;a7=a1+6;a8=a2+6;a9=a3+6;/* make sure that each line and each row is made up with three members in different group.*//* such as: a9 a1 a5a2 a6 a7a4 a8 a3 */if(((a1+a5+a9) == (a2+a6+a7)) && ((a1+a5+a9) == (a3+a4+a8))&& ((a1+a6+a8) == (a5+a7+a3)) && ((a1+a5+a9) == (a2+a4+a9))) {printf("%d %d %d\n%d %d %d\n%d %d %d\n",a9,a1,a5,a2,a6,a7,a4,a8,a3);return;}}}}5.4#include <stdio.h>void main(void){char input1[100],input2[100],input3[100];int i,Eng=0,eng=0,num=0,blank=0,other=0;printf("Input 3 rows of character,each row don't exceed 80 characters:\n");gets(input1);printf("The second row:\n");gets(input2);printf("The third row:\n");gets(input3);/*test the first row*/for(i=0; i<100; i++){if(input1[i]=='\0')goto Loop1;else if(('A'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='Z')==1)Eng++;else if(('a'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='z')==1)eng++;else if(('0'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='9')==1)num++;else if(input1[i]==32)blank++;else other++;}/*test the second row*/Loop1: for(i=0; i<100; i++){if(input2[i]=='\0')goto Loop2;else if(('A'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='Z')==1)Eng++;else if(('a'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='z')==1)eng++;else if(('0'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='9')==1)num++;else if(input2[i]==32)blank++;else other++;}/*test the third row*/Loop2: for(i=0; i<100; i++){if(input3[i]=='\0')goto Loop3;else if(('A'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='Z')==1)Eng++;else if(('a'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='z')==1)eng++;else if(('0'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='9')==1)num++;else if(input3[i]==32)blank++;else other++;}Loop3: printf("Upper english character:%d\nLower english character:%d\nNumber:%d\nBlank:%d\nOther characters:%d\n",Eng,eng,num,blank,other);}5.5#include <stdio.h>void main(void)char str1[80],str2[40];int i,j,k;/*Input two string*/printf("Please input the first string\n str1=");gets(str1);printf("Please input the second string\n str2=");gets(str2);/*Get the end of str1*/for(i=0; i<80; i++){if(str1[i]=='\0')break;}/*Copy str2 to str1*/for(j=i,k=0; str2[k]!='\0';k++,j++)str1[j]=str2[k];str1[i+k]='\0';puts(str1);}5.6#include <stdio.h>struct student{char name[20];int score;}stu[5],stu1;void main(void){ int i,j;printf("Input student's score and name(5),seperate using the character of ',' :\n");for(i=0; i<5; i++)scanf("%d,%s",&stu[i].score,&stu[i].name);/*sorting*/for(i=0; i<5; i++)for(j=0; j<4-i; j++)if(stu[j].score>stu[j+1].score){stu1=stu[j];stu[j]=stu[j+1];stu[j+1]=stu1;}printf("After sotred,score and name:\n");for(i=0; i<5; i++)printf("%d,%s\n",stu[i].score,stu[i].name); }5.7#include<stdio.h>main(){ int a[3][3],i,j,m,n,o,p;printf("Please input a 3*3 shuzu:\n");for (i=0;i<=2;i++)for (j=0;j<=2;j++)scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);for (i=0;i<=2;i++){ m=(a[i][0]>a[i][1])? a[i][0]:a[i][1];n=(m>a[i][2])? m: a[i][2];}for (j=0;j<=2;j++){ o=(a[0][j]<a[1][j])? a[0][j]:a[1][j];p=(o<a[2][j])? o: a[2][j];}if (n==p)printf("Andian is %d\\n",p);elseprintf("There is no andian.\\n"); }5.8#include <stdio.h>void main(void){ int a[4][3],b[3][4],i,j;for(i=0; i<4; i++){ for(j=0; j<3; j++)scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);}for(i=0; i<4; i++){printf("\n");for(j=0; j<3; j++)printf("%5d ",a[i][j]);}for(i=0; i<4; i++){for(j=0; j<3; j++)b[j][i]=a[i][j];}printf("\n");for(i=0; i<3; i++){printf("\n");for(j=0; j<4; j++)printf("%5d ",b[i][j]);}5.9#include <stdio.h>#include<math.h>void main(void){ char str[6];int i,j=0,m=0,n=0;gets(str);while(str[j]!='\0') j++;for(i=j-1;i>=0;i--){m=(str[i]-'0')*(pow(8,j-i-1));n+=m;}printf("shijinzhi %d",n);}5.10#include <stdio.h>void main(void){char input1[100];int i,num=0,blank=0;printf("Please input a row character:\n");gets(input1);/*test the first row*/for(i=0; i<100; i++){if(input1[i]=='\0')goto Loop;else if(('A'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='Z')==1)num++;else if(('a'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='z')==1)num++;else if (input1[i]==32)blank++;}Loop: printf("Character:%d\nBlank:%d\n",num,blank);}第六章一、选择题1.D ：p中记录的是a的地址，*p访问地址a的值2.D ：指针数组3.D：指针可以进行是否相等判断，空指针可以进行指针变量初始化，指针可以偏移；4.C：5.C、D：a[5]不存在，若*&a[4]则正确；C,D正确；6.D：7.B：8.B：二、填空题1．*(p+3) 2 222．cdefgbcdefgabcdefg73．6385三、程序分析题1．p = s[0] ；错误，应改为：p = s；或p = &s[0]；2．int x , *p；错误，应改为：double x, *p；3．*p = x ；错误，应改为：p = &x ；4．声明顺序错误；应该改为：void main(void){int a;int *p = &a;a = 10;printf(“%d\n”,*p);}2.3 #include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main(){char ch[2][5] = {"6937","8254"},*p[2]; int i,j,s=0;for(i=0;i<2;i++)p[i] = ch[i];for(i=0;i<2;i++)for(j=0;p[i][j]>'\0';j+=2)s = 10*s + p[i][j] - '0';printf("%d\n",s);}4.1#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main(){int count = 0;char str1[100],str2[100];char *p1,*p2;printf("please enter string 1:");gets(str1);printf("please enter string 2:");gets(str2);printf("str1:%s\n",str1);printf("str2:%s\n",str2);p1 = str1;p2 = str2;while(*p1!='\0'&&*p2!='\0'){if(*p1++==*p2++)count++;}printf("count:%d\n",count);}4.2#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main()int i,j,k;int a[3];int temp;printf("please enter array a[3]:"); scanf("%d%d%d",&a[0],&a[1],&a[2]);for(i=0;i<2;i++){k = i;for(j= i+1;j<3;j++){if(a[j]<a[i])k = j;}if(k!=i){temp = a[i];a[i] = a[k];a[k] = temp;}}for(i=0;i<3;i++)printf("%d\t",a[i]);printf("\n");}4.3#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#define N 100main(){char s1[N], s2[N],*p;int m;printf("please enter string1:");gets(s1);p = s1;printf("enter m:");scanf("%d",&m);strcpy(s2,p+m);printf("string2:%s\n",s2);}4.4#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main(){char s[100]="iuiui012asdd90k890y098kkkk1234",*p; char data[100][100]={{0}};int count=0;int i;p = s;/*printf("please enter a string:");gets(p);*/printf("sssss:%s\n",s);while(*p!='\0'){i=0;while(*p>='0'&&*p<='9'){data[count][i] = *p;i++;p++;}if(i!=0)count++;p++;}printf("count:%d\n",count);for(i=0;i<count;i++)printf("%s\n",data[i]);}4.5#include <stdio.h>#define SIZE 4main()int data[SIZE][SIZE],i,j,d;int max,m=0,n=0;for(i=0;i<SIZE;i++){for(j=0;j<SIZE;j++){scanf("%d",&data[i][j]);}}for(i=0;i<SIZE;i++){for(j=i+1;j<SIZE;j++){d = data[i][j];data[i][j] = data[j][i];data[j][i] = d;}}max = data[0][0];for(i=0;i<SIZE;i++){printf("\n");for(j=0;j<SIZE;j++){printf("%4d",data[i][j]);if(data[i][j]>=max){max = data[i][j];m = i;n = j;}}}printf("\nmax:%4d m:%d n:%d\n",max,m,n);}4.6#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main(){char *p[] = {"test","capital","index","large","small"}; char **pstr = p;int a,b,n = 5;char *temp;for(a=0;a<n-1;a++){for(b=a+1;b<n;b++){if(strcmp(pstr[a],pstr[b])>0){temp = pstr[a];pstr[a] = pstr[b];pstr[b] = temp;}}}for(a=0;a<n;a++)printf("%s\n",pstr[a]);}4.7#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main(){char s[100],temp;char *p = s;int i,length;printf("please enter a string: ");gets(s);while(*p++!='\0');length = p - s -1;printf("string length:%d\n",length);for(i=0;i<length/2;i++){temp = s[i];s[i] = s[length-i-1];s[length-i-1] = temp;}printf("%s\n",s);}第七章一，选择题1.A2.D3.B4.D5.C6.A7.B二.程序填空题1.(1) a[k](2) a[k](3) a[k]2.(1) a[i](2) j(3) i+1或6三.改错题1.#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>void swap(char *,char *); /*此处有错误，函数声明时要加分号*/main(){char a[80],b[80],c[80];scanf("%s%s%s",a,b,c); /*此处有错误，a,b,c分别为数组a[80],b[8],c[80]的首地址*/ if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b); /*此处有错误，字符串比较应该使用strcmp函数*/if(strcmp(b,c)>0) swap(b,c); /*此处有错误，原因同上*/if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b); /*原算法不能实现排序，需要添加此语句*/printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n",a,b,c);}7.3.1#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void swap(char *pstr1,char *pstr2){char p[80];strcpy(p,pstr1);strcpy(pstr1,pstr2);strcpy(pstr2,p);}main(){char a[80]="ccc",b[80]="bbb",c[80]="aaa";/* scanf("%s%s%s",a,b,c); */if(strcmp(a,b)>0)swap(a,b);if(strcmp(b,c)>0)swap(b,c);if(strcmp(a,b)>0)swap(a,b);printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n\n\n",a,b,c);}7.4.1#include <stdio.h>int SquSum(int,int);main(){int a,b;int c;printf("enter 2 integer:");scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);c = SquSum(a,b);printf("a=%d b:%d a2+b2=%d\n",a,b,c); }int SquSum(int x,int y){int z;z = x*x+y*y;return z;}7.4.2#include <stdio.h>int GongYueShu(int,int);int GongBeiShu(int,int);{int a,b;int gbs,gys;printf("enter 2 integer:");scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);gys = GongYueShu(a,b);gbs = GongBeiShu(a,b);if(gys<0)printf("There has not gong yue shu!!!!!!\n"); elseprintf("max gong yue shu:%d\n",gys); printf("min gong bei shu:%d\n",gbs);}int GongYueShu(int x,int y){int i,gys=-1,min;min = x;if(x>y)min = y;for(i=2;i<=min;i++){if((x%i==0)&&(y%i==0))gys = i;}return gys;}int GongBeiShu(int x,int y){int i,gbs,max;max = x;if(y>x)max = y;for(i=max;i<=x*y;i++){if((i%x==0)&&(i%y==0)){gbs = i;break;}return gbs;}7.4.4#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void Delete_Ch(char *,char);main(){char str[80],ch;printf("please a string:");gets(str);printf("please a char:");scanf("%c",&ch);Delete_Ch(str,ch);printf("%s\n\n",str);}void Delete_Ch(char *p,char ch){while(*p){if(*p==ch){strcpy(p,p+1);}elsep++;}}7.4.5#include <stdio.h>int Is_ShuShu(int); /* return 0:shushureturn -1:no shushu*/main(){int a,ret;scanf("%d",&a);ret = Is_ShuShu(a);if(ret==0)printf("%d is a shushu!!!\n",a);elseprintf("%d is not a shushu\n",a);}int Is_ShuShu(int x){int i;for(i=2;i<x/2;i++){if(x%i==0)return -1;}if(i>=x/2)return 0;}7.4.6#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void StrCat(char *s1,char *s2){while(*s1!='\0')s1++;while(*s2!='\0'){*s1 = *s2;s1++;s2++;}*s1='\0';}main(){char a[200]="123456789",b[100]="ABCDEFG"; printf("pls enter string 1:");gets(a);gets(b);StrCat(a,b);printf("%s\n\n",a);}7.4.7#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void Stat(char *s,int *ch,int *dig,int *spa,int *oth){while(*s!='\0'){if(((*s>='a')&&(*s<='z'))||((*s>='A')&&(*s<='Z')))(*ch)++;else if((*s>='0')&&(*s<='9'))(*dig)++;else if(*s == ' ')(*spa)++;else(*oth)++;s++;}}main(){char a[200];int ch=0,dig=0,spa=0,oth=0;printf("pls enter a string :");gets(a);Stat(a,&ch,&dig,&spa,&oth);printf("ch:%d dig:%d spa:%d oth:%d",ch,dig,spa,oth); }7.4.8#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void reverse(char *s)if(*s){}main(){char s[] = "abcde"; reverse(s);puts(s);}7.4.9#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>paixu(int *p,int n,int flag) {int i,j,m;int temp;for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) {m = i;for(j=i+1;j<n;j++){if(flag == 1){if(p[j]>p[m])m = j;}else{if(p[j]<p[m])m = j;}}if(m!=i){temp = p[i];p[i] = p[m];p[m] = temp;}}}main(){int a[20];int n,i;int flag;printf("please enter n(<20):"); scanf("%d",&n);getchar();printf("please enter array a:");for(i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);getchar();printf("please enter paixu flag:\n"); printf("\t1:degression\n");printf("\t0:increasion\t:");scanf("%d",&flag);paixu(a,n,flag);printf("array a is:");for(i=0;i<n;i++)printf("%4d",a[i]);printf("\n\n");}。