专业采矿词汇
采矿工程专业英语词汇册上传

1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法;mining operation 采矿作业;transportation 运输;ventilation 通风;ground control 顶板管理;the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本;recovery 回采率;subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷;subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层;overburden 上覆地层;immediate roof 直接顶;floor 底板;dip (Pitch)倾角;hardness 硬度;strength 强度;cleavage 解理;gas,methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割,掏槽;blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输,搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。
disruption in production 停产;reduction in production 减产;compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头,露出地面的岩层;crosscut 联络巷、石门;drift 平硐;entry 平巷;development stage 开拓阶段;production stage 生产阶段;face 工作面。
continuous miner 连续采煤机;haulage capacity 运输能力;main entry 主巷。
采矿常见术语

采矿常见术语一、矿井1. 井口:位于地面的矿井入口,用于下井和上井。
2. 井筒:从井口向下延伸的垂直通道,连接井口和矿井底部。
3. 矿井底部:位于井筒的最底部,是矿工进行采矿作业的区域。
二、矿石开采1. 钻探:使用钻机或钻杆在地下开采矿石前进行预先定位和勘探。
2. 爆破:将炸药安置在矿石中,引爆以破碎矿石并方便后续的采集和运输。
3. 矿脉:矿石在地下形成的矿物质富集带,矿工需要找到矿脉才能进行开采。
4. 坑道:连接矿井底部的水平通道,用于运输矿石和矿工。
5. 支护:在坑道或巷道中设置支架和支撑材料,以防止坍塌和保护矿工的安全。
三、矿石处理1. 破碎:将矿石通过破碎机或破碎设备进行粉碎,使其符合后续处理的要求。
2. 磨矿:使用磨机将破碎后的矿石进一步细磨,以获得所需的粒度和浓度。
3. 浮选:利用矿石中不同矿物的物理和化学性质差异,通过浮选机将有用矿物从废石中分离出来。
4. 浓缩:将浮选获得的矿石浓缩,提高有用矿物的含量,减少废石的排放。
四、矿石运输1. 卡车:用于在矿山内部和矿山与加工厂之间运输矿石的车辆。
2. 输送带:将矿石从矿山中的一处运输到另一处的设备,提高运输效率。
3. 铁路:建设在矿山内部的铁路线路,用于长距离的矿石运输。
五、安全与环保1. 通风系统:在矿井中设置通风设备,保持空气流通,排除有害气体和粉尘。
2. 瓦斯抽采:利用瓦斯抽采设备将矿井中的可燃瓦斯抽出,防止矿井爆炸。
3. 尾矿处理:对矿石处理过程中产生的废弃物进行处理和回收利用,减少对环境的影响。
4. 安全检查:定期对矿山设备和施工场所进行安全检查,确保矿工的人身安全。
六、矿石质量与评估1. 矿石品位:矿石中有用矿物的含量,品位越高,矿石价值越高。
2. 矿石储量:矿山地下存储的矿石总量,是矿山开采能力的重要指标。
3. 矿石估价:根据矿石品位、储量和市场需求等因素进行矿石价值的评估。
以上是一些采矿常见术语的简要介绍,这些术语涵盖了矿井、矿石开采、矿石处理、矿石运输、安全与环保以及矿石质量与评估等方面。
采矿词汇

英语词汇分类72:矿业、采矿bed, deposit, field 书馆矿床outcrop 露头fault 断层vein, sean, lode矿脉gold reef 金矿矿脉pocket 矿穴reservoir 储藏water table 潜水面,地下水面mine 矿stratum, layer矿层quarry 露天采石clay pit 粘土矿坑peat bog 泥炭沼gold nugget 块金gangue 脉石,矿石,尾矿prospector 探矿者prospecting 探矿boring, drilling 钻探auger, drill 钻excavation 发掘quarrying, extraction 采石borer, drill, drilling machine 钻机stonemason 石工锤stonecutter 切石机miner 矿工mining engineer 采矿工程师pan 淘金盘综(放)采工作面full-mechanized (caving) mining face 炮采工作面blasting mining face机采工作面mechanized mining face(急)倾斜煤层(steeply) inclined coal seam走向strike倾向direction dip,dip,inclination矿山压力underground pressure支承压力abutment pressure上覆岩层overlying rock strata薄、中厚、厚煤层thin,medium thick,thick coal seam (松散)含水层(loose) aquifer裂缝带crack zone垮落带caving zone顶、底板roof,floor顶煤top coal(掩护式)液压支架(shield) powered support割煤机coal cutter刮板机scrapper胶带输送机belt conveyor片帮coal slide冒顶roof fall岩爆(矿震、冲积矿压)rock burst自燃spontaneous combustion防水(砂)煤柱water(sand)-proof coal pillar 陷落柱collapse column煤(岩)巷coal(rock) roadway沿空巷道roadway along gob围岩surrounding rock突水water bursting"三软" soft roof,soft coal,soft floor地应力ground stress(开采)地表沉陷(mining) surface subsidence 高产高效high production and high efficiency 回风巷ventilation roadway运输巷transportation roadway火成岩(岩浆岩)igneous rock厚冲积层thick alluvium条带开采strip mining移动、变形movement,distortion极限平衡区limit equilibrium area可靠性,可行性,合理性,适应性reliability, feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率mining rate,recovery rate埋管注氮nitrogen injection with buried pipe复合顶板combined roof断层fault喷浆grouting动压dynamic pressure地质灾害geological disasterEH-4电导率成像系统EH-4 electro-conducibility imaging system透气性(渗透性)permeability倾向性liability井下underground设备配套equipment match选型设计lectotype design撤架dismantling supports加固reinforcing安全阀safety valve积水seeper柔性支架flexible support伪斜apparent dip绞车房hoist room(winder chamber)暗立(斜)井blind (slope) shaft底臌floor heave破碎顶板cracked roof解放层protective coal seam电阻应变仪resistance strain instument坑口电厂pithead power plantcoal field 煤田coal mine 煤矿矿井colliery 煤矿opencast working 露天开采level 主平巷working face 工作面winding shaft, hoisting shaft 提升井ventilation shaft 通风井pithead, mine entrance 矿井口,井口gallery 平峒,平巷timbering, shoring 撑材,支护prop, shore 支柱lining, planking 加衬air vent 气孔,排气口truck 斗车slag 矿渣slag heap 矿渣场tip 矿渣堆collier, coal miner 矿工,煤矿工人pick 镐shovel 铲,锹wedge 楔子jumper 钻孔机explosive 炸药charge 凿岩机blast hole 钻孔undercutter 擦伤miner's lamp, safety lamp 矿灯,安全灯fire damp explosion 瓦斯爆炸cave-in 陷落landslide 坍落flooding 漫灌asphyxia, suffocation, gassing 窒息insulating tape 绝缘胶带jack 千斤顶can, jerrican 油桶fuel 燃油petrol 汽油(美作:gas)oil 油料lubrication, oiling 润滑油antifreeze 防冻液cooling water 冷却水antiskid 防滑装置tyre chain 防滑链(美作:tire chain) toolbox, tool kit 工具箱crank 摇把breakdown lorry, breakdown van 救援车辆(美作:tow car,tow truck)spare parts, spares 备件dipstick 油尺oil change 换油to vulcanize 硫化to inflate 充气tyre pressure 轮胎气压(美作:tire pressure)to fill the tank 加油petrol pump 加油泵(美作:gasoline pump)pump, air pump 气泵to adjust 整修to charge a battery, to recharge a battery 给蓄电池充电to decoke 脱硫(美作:to decarbonize)breakdown 故障mechanical failure 机械故障repair shop 维修车间to seize up 运转不畅accident 事故puncture, blowout 碰撞patch 修补to skid 打滑to knock 发出撞击声to tow, to take in tow 拖,拖曳accident insurance 事故保险insurance against theft 防盗保险fully comprehensive insurance 全险third-party insurance 第三方保险。
矿山主要专业术语

矿山主要专业术语1. 品位(矿石品位)品位就像是蛋糕里的水果,含量越多越有价值。
比如说,一块矿石里铜的品位如果很高,那就意味着从这块矿石里能提取出大量的铜,就像在一堆水果蛋糕里发现满满的都是新鲜又美味的草莓一样,那可太让人兴奋了。
2. 采场采场就是我们在矿山里挖矿的地方,这就好比是厨师的厨房。
在这个特殊的“厨房”里,矿工们像大厨一样忙碌着。
我曾经听一个老矿工说:“那采场啊,就是我们的战场,每天进去都得打起十二分精神。
”3. 矿脉矿脉就像大地母亲藏起来的宝藏脉络。
想象一下,它就像是大树的根,只不过树根吸收的是养分,而矿脉里藏着的是各种矿石。
就拿金矿脉来说,沿着它找下去,说不定就能找到一大片金子呢,那感觉就像找到了传说中的金山,哇塞!4. 顶板顶板就像我们头顶上的保护伞。
要是顶板不稳固,就像头顶上的伞破了个大洞,随时可能掉东西下来砸到我们。
有一次,我看到新矿工紧张地问老师傅:“这顶板安全不?”老师傅拍拍他的肩膀说:“放心吧,小子,咱们每天都检查,结实着呢。
”5. 底板底板就如同我们脚下的大地根基。
如果把矿山比作一栋大楼,那底板就是大楼的地基。
要是底板出了问题,就像大楼的地基不稳,整个矿山都会受到影响。
就像有一回,大家发现底板有点渗水,所有人都紧张起来,赶紧排查原因,就像守护自己的家一样。
6. 开拓巷道开拓巷道就像是在矿山里修的一条条高速公路。
这些道路是为了方便我们到达矿体,把矿石运出来。
你想啊,如果没有这些“高速路”,就像城市里没有道路,车开不了,矿石也运不出去,那多糟糕啊。
7. 回采巷道回采巷道呢,它更像是通往宝藏仓库的小通道。
矿工们顺着这些通道把矿石一点点开采出来。
有个年轻的矿工形容它:“这回采巷道就像一个个小胡同,每个胡同里都藏着宝贝呢。
”8. 充填体充填体就像是给矿山做的补丁。
当我们开采完一部分矿石后,为了防止地面塌陷之类的问题,就会用充填体把挖空的地方填上。
这就好比衣服破了个洞,我们要用布补上一样。
采矿专业英语

bed, deposit, field 书馆矿床outcrop 露头fault 断层vein, sean, lode 矿脉gold reef 金矿矿脉pocket 矿穴reservoir 储藏water table 潜水面,地下水面mine 矿stratum, layer 矿层quarry 露天采石clay pit 粘土矿坑peat bog 泥炭沼gold nugget 块金gangue 脉石,矿石,尾矿prospector 探矿者prospecting 探矿boring, drilling 钻探auger, drill 钻excavation 发掘quarrying, extraction 采石borer, drill, drilling machine 钻机stonemason 石工锤stonecutter 切石机miner 矿工mining engineer 采矿工程师pan 淘金盘氨基三乙酸(NTA) || aminotriacetic acid 胺基 || amino铵基 || ammonium安全地层 || safe formation安全试破 || safe destruction安全钻井 || safe drilling坳陷 || down warping region螯合 || chelation凹陷 || sag凹陷地层 || subsidence formation奥陶系 || Ordovician systemAPI模拟法 || API recommened methodB多靶点 || multiple target point白沥青 || white asphalt白油 || mineral oil白云母 || white mica半透膜 || semipermeable membrane包被絮凝剂 || flocculant包被 || envelop包被抑制性 || encapsulating ability 饱和度 || saturation饱和度剖面图 || pro of degree of saturation饱和盐水 || saturated salt water背斜 || anticlinal钡 || barium苯环 || benzene ring苯酚 || phenyl hydroxide本质区别 || essential difference泵压过高 || overhigh pumping pressure 比表面积 || specific surface area比吸水量 || specific absorption比重瓶法 || density bottle method避免 || avoid蓖麻油 || ricinus oil边界摩擦 || boundary friction扁藻(浮游植物) || algae变化趋势 || variation trend标准化 || standardization标准粘度测量 || standard visicosity measure表面粗糙度 || roughness of the surface 表面电位 || surface electric potential 表面活性剂 || surfactant ,surface active agent表面能 || interface energy表面粘度 || surface viscosity表面抛光 || sample surfaceAibbs表面弹性 || Aibbs surface elasticity表面张力 || surface tension表明 || verify /reveal表皮系数(S) || skin coefficient憋钻 || bit bouncing宾汉方程 || bingham equation丙三醇 || glycerine丙烯情 || acrylonitrile丙烯酸 || acrylic acid丙烯酸盐 || acrylate丙烯酰胺 || acrylamide薄而韧的泥饼 || thin,plastic and compacted mud-cake ||薄片 || flake薄弱地层 || weak formation泊松比|| poisson’s ratio剥离 || peel off补救 || remediation不分散泥浆 || nondispersed mud不干扰地质录井 || play no role in geological logging不均质储层 || heterogeneous reservoir 不均匀 || uneven不可逆 || irreversible不同程度 || inordinately部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA) || partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamideC参数优选 || parametric optimization 残酸 || reacted acid残余饱和度 || residual staturation残渣 || gel residue , solid residue测量 || measure侧链 || side chain侧钻水平井 || sidetrack horizontal well 层间 || interlayer层间距 || the distance between the two crystal layer, layer distance层理 || bedding层流 || layer flow差减法 || minusing尝试 || trial柴油 || diesel oil长连缔合物 || long chain associated matter操作方法 || operation method超伸井 || high deep well超深预探井 || ultradeep prospecting well超声波 || ultrasonography超高密度泥浆 || extremely high density mud超细碳酸钙 || super-fine calcium carbonate产层 || production/pay zone产层亏空 || reservoir voidage产量 || production ,output沉淀 || precipitation沉降 || subside沉降速度 || settling rate沉砂 || sand setting衬套 || sleeve程序 || program采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining , surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿(学)mineral dressing, ore beneficiatio n, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金(学)metallurgy过程冶金(学)process metallurgy提取冶金(学)extractive metallurgy 化学冶金(学)chemical metallurgy 物理冶金(学)physical metallurgy 金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process met allurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering 冶金工程metallurgical engineering 钢铁冶金(学)ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy 真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy 喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy 焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utili zation of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals 中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw material s矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration 矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing p lant工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle 粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude 精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate 最终精矿final concentrate 尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concen tration磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing 自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite 铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠(水玻璃)sodium silicate, water glass 过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿,给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, superso nic particle sizer。
采矿专业外语常用词汇

1、美国长壁开采Aggressive 积极的gateroad回采巷道abutment pressure支承压力Sophisticated精致natural roof caving自然冒顶longwall mining 长壁开采Panel layout 盘区布置underground coal mining 地下开采Single longwall mining 单一走向长壁开采infrastructure 基础设施radical根本的In term of用...(术语)来routinely日常的norm准则、规范、标准rigid严格的Depreciate 贬值,跌价state-of-the-art最先进的continue miner 连续采煤机Frame supports 节式支架multi-slicing 多分层incentive刺激,鼓励Fully-mechanized综合机械化plow刨煤机shearer采煤机room-pillar 房柱开采2、Design consideration盘区设计Dedicate奉献complimentary赞美(依赖、依存)dictate支配(决定)amortize分期偿还contiguous邻近的isolate孤立的fiscal财政的handle操纵、处理(开采)overhaul彻底检修、详细检查attitude态度、看法、概念anomaly异常、反常prevail优于、盛行bleeder放血者、泄水孔边界回风巷suppression抑制、阻止。
生长susceptible易受影响的impede阻碍,妨碍,阻止Everything being equal 其它条件完全相同(1)Armored face conveyor(AFC):刮板输送机(2)stage loader:转载机(3)belt conveyor:胶带输送机(4)ground control:岩层控制(5)determination:决心(6)gob:采空区(7)shield(s):支架(8)fracture:裂隙(9)perpendicular(to):垂直3、strata mechanics岩石力学Slice切片,分层void(gob)空洞convergence集中,收敛platy阔、宽、扁平Crack裂缝adjacent邻接intact未收接触、原封不动roof control 顶板控制Abutment pressure支承压力portion部分、一份surface subsidence地表沉陷Immediate roof直接顶caved zone冒落带overburden上覆岩层gateroad回采巷道Expansion ratio膨胀比bulking factor膨胀系数continuous deformation zone 弯曲下沉带Soil zone土壤带(表土层)coal seam煤层main roof老顶face area 采场(stope)回采(工作面)headgate 运输平巷tailgate回风平巷4、panel development盘区巷道掘进/发展Impromptu临时的quote引用,印证revenue税收tolerate忍受,容忍strategy战略Amend修正,改正stipulate规定,约定neutral中立的,空当位置accordingly因此Scope范围incompliance不顺从,不服从prevail优于(+ing)占优的downside下侧5、shield support-general 掩护支架概述Prerequisite(for)先决条件,必要条件tandem串联(的),前后排(的),纵列(的)Rear后面(的)destinctive独特的,区别的cease(to)停止,中止Underuse为充分利用的(受拉)lemniscate双纽线assembly装置,装配,使用Kinematical运动学的spherical球形的caving shield掩护梁debris碎片,岩屑Top coal caving mining放顶煤开采frame 节式chock支撑式chock shield支撑掩护式Shield掩护式6、支架设计/选择shield supports-design/selectionDevote致力于,努力,贡献restriction限制,约束asymmetric不对称的,不均匀的Shield盾牌,掩护体,掩护支架ergonomically从人体工学角度prior(to)先前,优先Compatible适应torsional扭转的,扭曲的overrate估计过高,定额高Positive 积极地,确定的,绝对的roof load顶板载荷paramount最高的,首要的Structural结构的stationary固定的,禁止的impact影响in this respect 在这方面For one thing举一例子in addition to除。
采矿工程专业单词表

绪论☐☐mine n. 矿山,矿井。
v. 采矿☐mining n.采矿,采矿业,采掘行业☐mineral n. 矿物☐mine development 矿井开拓☐mine planning 矿井设计☐mine operation 矿井作业☐mine closure 矿井关闭☐mine reclamation 矿区恢复治理☐ore n. 矿石☐gangue n. [ɡæŋ] 夹石,夹矸 n. 脉石☐waste n. 废石☐mineral deposit 矿床☐metallic ore 金属矿石☐nonmetallic mineral 非金属矿物☐coal 煤☐petroleum 石油☐natural gas 天然气☐ground control 岩层控制☐ventilation 通风☐haulage 运输☐hoisting 提升☐rock breakage 破岩☐surrounding rock mass 围岩,周围岩层☐Dynamite 炸药☐Dark Ages 黑暗时代(欧洲史上约公元476-1000年),欧洲中世纪☐prospecting 勘探,探矿☐exploration 勘探,探测☐development 开拓☐exploitation 开采☐reclamation [﹑reklə′meɪʃən] 恢复治理,复垦☐colliery [′kɔljəri] n. 矿井,煤矿☐surface mining 露天开采☐shaft 井筒,立井☐slope 斜井☐adit 平硐☐open pit mining 基坑式露天开采井,煤矿☐open cast mining (strip mining) 倒堆式露天开采☐stripe 条带☐stripe mining 条带开采☐aqueous mining method [′eikwiəs] 水采方法☐underground mining 地下开采☐unsupported mining 空场法/无支护法☐supported mining 有支护法☐caving mining 垮落法/崩落法☐unit operations 单元作业;工序☐production operation 生产工序,主要工序☐materials handling 物料搬运☐drill 钻眼☐blast 爆破☐load 装载☐unload,dump,卸载☐haul 运输☐auxiliary operation 辅助工序☐roof support 顶板支护☐ventilation and air-conditioning 通风和空气调节☐power supply 供电☐pumping;drainage 排水☐maintenance 设备维护☐communication 通讯☐lighting 照明☐delivery of compressed air, water 供水和压缩空气☐supplies to the working sections 其它材料供应☐provide slope stability 保持边坡稳定☐waste disposal 废物处理☐supply of material 材料供应1.1 Earth crust and strata☐heavenly body 天体☐atmosphere 大气层☐hydrosphere 水圈☐lithosphere岩石圈☐earth core地核☐earth mantle地幔☐crust地壳☐geologic function; geologic process地质作用☐geologic process from the external force外力地质作用☐geologic process from the internal force内力地质作用☐metamorphic process变质作用☐weathering风化作用☐mechanical weathering物理风化☐chemical weathering化学风化☐disintegration剥蚀,剥蚀作用☐decay 侵蚀、腐蚀☐侵蚀 erosion☐搬运作用 transportation☐沉积作用 deposition, sedimentation ☐成岩作用lithogenesis☐岩石 rock☐土 soil☐矿物 mineral☐火成岩igneous rock☐沉积岩sedimentary rock☐变质岩metamorphic rock☐喷出岩 extruded rock☐侵入岩intrusive rock☐花岗岩 granite☐玄武岩basalt☐斑岩porphyry☐石英 quartz☐长石feldspar☐云母 mica☐砂岩 sandstone☐粉砂岩 siltstone☐细砂岩 packsand☐粗砂岩 gritrock☐砂质泥岩 sandy mudstone☐页岩 shale☐石灰岩limestone☐泥 mudstone☐地层、岩层 stratum (pl) Strata☐大理marble☐板岩 slate☐石英岩quartzite☐gneiss1.2 Origin of Coal☐fossil n. 化石。
采矿工程专业常用英语词汇

采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★①geologic structure 地质构造geologic age geologic term coalfield 煤田 take 井田reserve of the take 井田储量 geologic reservecoal exploration 煤层勘探 explore②sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphose rock 变质岩igneous rock 火成岩 alluvium 冲积层coal seam mineral deposit 矿床③epoch 纪元、纪、代 Permian 二叠纪(系)Carboniferous 石炭纪 Cretaceous 白垩纪Tertiary 第三纪④fold 褶曲 fault 断层 normal~ reverse~ faulting 断层作用⑤strike 走向 along the strikedip 倾向、倾角 dip angle of coal seam煤层倾角⑥weathered 风化的bituminous coal 烟煤[bi’tjuminэs] anthracite 无烟煤 lignite 褐煤limestone 石灰岩 sandstone 砂岩 shale 页岩⑦fully mechanized coal face 综采 conventional mining 普采Semi-mechanized coal face blasting mining 炮采fully mechanized sublevel caving mining 综放⑧colliery (coal mine) colliery undertaking ~企业Longwall mining 长壁开采 Room and pillar 房柱式开采pillar and stall Panel, district, mining area 盘区采区⑨Shaft (vertical) 井筒adit 平硐shaft sinking 井筒掘进opencast open pit 露天矿 surface mining strip mining ⑩strata(stratum) 岩层stimulated caving 强制放顶longwall advancing retreatingroof (floor) 顶(底)板 main ~ immediate ~ false ~11pit bottom shaft station 井底车场 up cast downcast 进回风井ventilate ventilation borehole 钻孔 drill bunker(coal bin) 煤仓12Skip 箕斗 cage 罐笼 conveyor 运输机 belt conveyor 胶带运输机AFC(Armored Face Conveyer) 刮板输送机 coal preparation 选煤Powered roof support 液压支架 (shield)13drift entry roadway gateroad巷道 crosscut 石门,横贯,捷径methane 甲烷瓦斯 gas ~ drainagegob,goaf (mined out area) 采空区14airway 风道 intake ~ return ~ 进风巷回风巷stress-strain 应力-应变 stress relief zone de-stressed 应力解除15 room dispatcher’s ~ pump ~泵房dispatcher’s room 调度室waiting room 候车室 winch engine room first-aid room16 tale air 乏风 fresh intake ~ tail entry head entry 顺槽heading 掘进头 rise ~ 上山 opening ~开切眼17 timber 木支柱 prop, jack 支柱 individual jacks (prop)单体支柱convergence 顶底板移近、会合 smooth ~ 缓慢下沉(巷道)free subsidence method (采场)18 waste heap /spoil tip 矸石山 spontaneous combustion 自燃hoist 提升 gate road/drift/entry 巷道 incline gate 斜巷incline shaft19 tectonic 构造的~stress mining regulations safety regulations rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力Behavior of rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力显现20 floor heave 底鼓 thin or medium-thick seam 中厚incline seam 倾向煤层 sloping ~steep coal seam 急倾向煤层 gently slopping ~ 缓倾斜煤层21 cracked roof 破碎顶板 fractured roof crush, crackspacing of main falls 放顶步距 distance of roof fallwinch 小绞车 caving ~22 eaker props/breaker support 切顶支柱withdrawal of support回柱prop withdrawer 回柱绞车 shield-type support 掩护式支架chock support 垛式支架常用专业英语词汇23 survey(ing) 测量 ~ station 观测站 elevation标高 elevator,lifttransit 经纬仪 full caving method 全部跨落法partial caving partial backfilling (packing)24 subsidence 下沉 ~ trough ~basin 下沉盆地surface structure(building)地表建筑物surface movement and deformation 地表移动和变形Contour 等值线下沉(Subsidence)、倾斜(Slope)、曲率(Curvature)、水平移动(Displacement)、水平变形(Horizontal strain)25 aquifer 含水层 coal mining above a confined aquifer承压水上采煤protective pillar 保护煤柱 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱26 angle of draw 移动角边界角 draw angle of strata 边界角surface cracks 地表裂缝 Surface slope (incline) 地表倾斜curvature 曲率27 Overburden strata 上覆岩层 overlying strata 上覆岩层structure damage 建筑物损害 recovery ratio 采出率、回采率28 backfilling mining method filling mining stowing miningmethod充填回采建筑物下开采(Mining under buildings) 铁路下开采(Mining under railways)水体下开采(Mining under water bodies)29 simultaneous extraction 同时开采limited thickness extraction 限厚开采selected extraction 选择开采 continuous extraction 连续开采land reclaimation technology 土地复垦技术30 compressed air drill 风钻 electric ~ 电钻yielding support 可缩支架 rigid ~ 刚性支架roof bolting 顶板锚杆 resin ~31 auxiliary fans 局扇 auxiliary shaft 副井 subsidiary shaft 副井Main shaft 主井 mine water drainage 矿井排水haulage hoisting lighting 运输、提升、照明32 seam subject to rock burst 易突出煤层~spontaneous combustion易自然煤层rock burst 岩爆冲击矿压 surrounding rock 围岩 first cost 初期投资33 multiple coal seam 多煤层 subsoil 下层基岩quarry 采场、采矿场、采石场horizon 区段、水平 horizontal34 washery 洗煤=coal preparation plantdevelopment,Preparation, production systemhigh-productive&high efficient coal mine 高产高效矿井35ascending order descending mining coalification 煤化作用repairing shift development shift productive capacity,output36 standby equipment deplete 枯竭采完extract/mine/exploit/win/work 开采cantilever 悬臂梁 water-bearing ground 含水地层37 run-of-mine coal 原煤 raw washed coal ,clean coal fossil fuel 化石燃料rock mechanics岩石力学 dummy road 盲巷 safety pillar安全煤柱38 tensile stress field( zone )拉应力区Compressive stress field rock mass 岩体rock mechanics in coal mining 煤矿岩石力学 Rock pressure 岩石压力39 behavior of rock pressure 矿山压力显现 Stress 应力;Strain 应变rock strata control (ground control) 岩层控制elastic deformation 弹性变形 plastic deformation 塑性变形40 rheology of rock 岩石(体)流变性 virgin rock[mass]/initial rock[mass]原岩(体)virgin stress of rock[mass] 原岩应力 initial stress of rock[mass]原岩应力virgin stress field of rock[mass] initial stress field of rock[mass] 原岩应力场41 stress in surrounding rock围岩应力stress-concentrated zone 应力增高区virgin stress zone(field) initial stress zone 原岩应力区coefficient of stress concentration 应力集中系数42 Support 支架,支撑 partial caving method 局部跨落法pillar support method 煤柱支撑法43 weak ( soft) strata 松软岩层 hard strata 坚硬岩层unstable roof 不稳定顶板 load of support 支架载荷44 medium stable roof 中等稳定顶板 stable roof 稳定顶板hard roof; strong roof 坚硬顶板 classification of roof 顶板分类classify45 setting load 初撑力 yield load 额定工作阻力support load 支护阻力 prop density 支柱密度46 load density; supporting intensity支护强度rib spalling 片帮 impact load 冲击载荷47 first weighting初次来压 periodic weighting (of main roof)周期来压coal and gas bump; coal and gas outburst煤与瓦斯突出48 aved zone 冒落带 fractured zone 裂隙带sagging (continuous deformation) zone 弯曲下沉带natural arch; ~ of natural equilibrium 自然平衡拱49 Soil zone Continuous deformation zone Fractured zone Caved zone50 Initial supporting 一次支护 first supportingPermanent supporting二次支护 second supporting road side supporting 巷旁支护 non-pillar roadway protection无煤柱护巷protective seam 保护层51 abutment pressure 支承压力 method of roof control 顶板管理方法roof-to-floor convergence 顶底板移近量rib sides convergence 两帮移近量52 Cross section 剖面 Sectional(plan) view 剖(平)面图softening factor of rock 岩石软化系数 roof caving angle 顶板跨落角。
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专业采矿词汇公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-采矿工程专业英语词汇手册(Glossary of Special English in Mining Engineering )采矿工程专业内部讲义二零零七年三月ContentChapter 3 .1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法;mining operation 采矿作业;transportation 运输;ventilation 通风;ground control 顶板管理;the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本;recovery 回采率;subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷;subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层;overburden 上覆地层;immediate roof 直接顶;floor 底板;dip (Pitch)倾角;hardness 硬度;strength 强度;cleavage 解理;gas,methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割,掏槽;blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输,搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力 power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。
disruption in production 停产;reduction in production 减产;compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头,露出地面的岩层;crosscut 联络巷、石门;drift 平硐;entry 平巷;development stage 开拓阶段;production stage 生产阶段;face 工作面。
continuous miner 连续采煤机;haulage capacity 运输能力;main entry 主巷。
barrier pillar 隔离煤柱;butt entry 区段平巷;property line 矿井边界线。
shearer 滚筒采煤机planer,Plow 刨煤机surface mining 露天开采auger mining 螺旋钻开采rapid excavation 快速掘进hydraulic mining 水力采矿underground gasification 地下气化ocean mining 海洋采矿Chapter 3 .2 Mine PreplanningHercules【希、罗神】赫尔克里斯, 大力神--> Herculean, adj. 力气极大的;需要大力气的。
herculean effort 巨大的努力inadequacy n.不足,缺乏。
transportation facility 运输设备inflationary adj. 通货膨胀的,通货膨胀引起的<--inflation n.胀大, 通货膨胀, (物价)暴涨<--inflate v 膨胀,充气。
inflationary process 通货膨胀过程drive up 抬高,提高 drive into 掘进到…be faced with 面临monumental adj. [用以加强语气]非常的, 极端的<--monument n.纪念碑coal reserve 煤炭储量electromechanical adj. 机电的 electro(电子的)+mechanical(机械的) electromechanical mine operation 矿井机电作业staff v. 雇用,聘用season v 适用,适应coordinate n. 坐标。
v. (使)互相配合,(使)协调,调整。
a multitude(n. 多数,多量)of 大量capital investment 基本建设投资。
foremost 最主要的,最重要的,1Billion = 1,000,000,000 即10亿。
Mt metric ton 公吨。
= 500 million tons = 1 million tonput into operation 投产,投入使用raise 筹集the life of the property 矿产/井的使用年限。
commercial value 市场价值,商业价值。
for convenience 为了方便其见minability 可采性marketability 适销性,可销性coal reserve 煤矿nominal,名义上的,极小的。
option 买卖选择权,优先购买权enter upon 开始preliminary examination 初步调查operating mine 生产矿井to the extent that 达到这种程度以致... ;就...来说;在...方面来说;adjacent to 邻近的surface topography 地面地形,表面地形coalfield 煤田measure 层组coal-bearing measure含煤地层feature 特征;地貌。
structural feature 构造特征surface improvement 地面上的改造tilled area 耕地reservoir 水库power line 电力线,输电线reservation n.保留地;自然保护区on record n.留有记录的,记录在案的preferred 优先〔选用〕的,首选的traverse 导线。
traverse with compass 罗盘定位。
system surveying 系统测量sampling 采样have a bearing on 对…有影响,与...有关available 有效的,可用的pricing schedule 定价方案preparation treatment 洗选加工selective adj.有选择性的,选择的a master plan of operation 总体生产计划。
serve as 用作,作为,起到…作用。
basis 基础,根据,依据since 引导原因状语从句justify 调整,证明,证明…是正确的,prospecting 勘探drilling pattern 钻孔布置,钻孔图式basic map 底图,基本地图log sheet 钻孔柱状图tabular adj. <==tabletabular record 表格记录operating management经营管理部门,经营管理life expectancy 预期使用年限,使用寿命delivery of supplies 材料供应estimate of the cost 成本估计sales department 销售部门Chapter Mine developmentportal 井筒expected life of the mine 矿井的设计使用年限rail haulage 轨道运输as well as 即…又…be of +n. 具有…(性质)drift 平硐shaft 立井,竖井slope 斜井main shaft主立井auxiliary shaft 副立井air shaft风井transfer house 中转煤仓headframe 井架hoist house 提升机房,绞车房skip 箕斗cage 罐笼car dump 卸煤设备storage bin 井底煤仓deplete 耗尽、衰竭whether…or…是…还是…pressure drop 压降net effect 净效应,有效效应,实际结果capital cost 基建费用Chapter Walling system introductionworking face 工作面coalface:采煤工作面interconnection:切眼panel entry:区段平巷gate entry:工作面顺槽head gate:区段皮带巷,运输巷tail gate:区段轨道巷,回风巷headentry:工作面运输巷(下顺槽)tailentry:工作面回风巷(上顺槽)bleeder entry:区段回风巷cross-cut:联络巷gob, goaf:采空区end:端头Longwall mining 长壁采矿法Shortwall mining 短壁采矿法pillar system. 柱式系统longwall mining on strike 走向长壁采煤方法mining in advance / wall advancing mining 前进式采煤方法mining in retreat / wall retreating mining 后退式采煤方法inclined longwall mining 倾斜长壁开采underhand mining 俯采overhand mining 仰采Coal mining machine, coal-getting machine 采煤机;Shearer,滚筒采煤机Plow,planer 刨煤机Face conveyor 工作面运输机 Pan line,”溜子”Chain conveyor 链式运输机 Scraper chain conveyor 刮板输送机Armored chain conveyor 铠装运输机Roof support system:顶板支护系统Friction props:摩擦支柱 Friction metal props:摩擦支柱Hydraulic prop:液压支柱 Single/Individual hydraulic prop 单体液压支柱Hydraulic powered self-advanced support:液压自移式支架roof support 顶板支架stage loader:转载机panel belt conveyor 区段皮带运输机electrical control 电力控制装置/设备hydraulic pump 液压泵站blast mining technology 爆破采煤工艺conventionally mechanized mining technology 普通机械化采煤fully mechanized mining technology 综合机械化采煤fully mechanized mining with sublevel caving technology 综采放顶煤方法Chapter Ground control工作面周围地层:Overlying strata 上覆地层:Main roof 老顶,基本顶Immediate roof 直接顶Gob采空区--Face—rib(煤壁)Floor 底板Underlying strata下伏地层Ground control顶板处理方式:(1)Caving;(2)Pack。