高考英语reading-comprehension
高考英语reading-comprehension
2021年新高考i卷英语阅读理解a篇
2021年新高考i卷英语阅读理解a篇In the 2021 new college entrance examination English reading comprehension section, passage A discusses the importance of sleep for teenagers' physical and mental health. It emphasizes the negative effects of sleep deprivation on adolescents and provides suggestions for improving sleep quality.The passage begins by highlighting the fact that teenagers need more sleep than adults due to their rapid physical and mental development. Lack of sleep can lead to a variety of negative consequences, including poor academic performance, mood swings, and even increased risk of accidents. The author stresses that sleep is essential for teenagers' overall well-being and should not be neglected.To help teenagers improve their sleep quality, the passage offers several practical tips. It suggests establishing a consistent bedtime routine, avoiding electronic devices before bed, and creating a comfortable sleep environment. Additionally, the author recommends limiting caffeine intake and engaging in relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation.Furthermore, the passage discusses the benefits of good sleep habits, such as improved concentration, mood, and physical health. It emphasizes the importance of prioritizing sleep and making it a priority in teenagers' daily routines. By following the suggestions provided, teenagers can experience better sleep quality and overall well-being.In conclusion, the passage underscores the significance of sleep for teenagers' physical and mental health. It encourages adolescents to prioritize sleep and adopt healthy sleep habits to improve their overall well-being. By recognizing the importance of sleep and making it a priority, teenagers can experience the benefits of improved concentration, mood, and physical health.。
高考英语reading-comprehension
二次构造柱泵设备体积小，移动式细石混凝土泵适用范围⊙地暖、隔热轻质发泡水泥、砂浆、小骨料混凝土的输送；⊙耐火、保温材料的输送（喷射）；⊙生态环境建设中的绿化土壤的输送（喷射）；⊙各类工程建设中的素混凝土、纤维混 输送（喷射）；⊙各类基础桩的压力灌浆。本产品移动动方便，效率高。传统的构造柱灌料无法使用机械，此问题一直困扰着建筑施工人员。公司机械制造有限公司工程技术人员集多年研发混凝土泵的经验，针对二次构造柱施工的特点，利 开发手段，设计制造了小型S管阀式砂浆泵细石混凝土泵，成功地解决了构造柱浇筑过程中只能人工作业的难题。该设备采用多项混凝土泵的世界先进技术，并已申请两项国家专利，是国内首创的先进二次构造柱填充新设备，也是建筑施工 细石混凝土的理想设备。⊙地暖、隔热轻质发泡水泥、砂浆、小骨料混凝土的输送；⊙耐火、保温材料的输送⊙生态环境建设中的绿化土壤的输送⊙各类工程建设中的素混凝土、纤维混凝土的输送⊙各类基础桩的压力灌浆二次构造柱通常设 梯间的休息处，纵横墙交接处，墙的转角处，墙长达到五米的中间部位要设构造柱。进年来为提高砌体结构的承载能力或稳定性而又不增大截面尺寸，中的构造柱已不仅仅设置在房屋墙体转角、边缘部位，而按需要设置在墙体的中间部位 须设置成封闭状。从施工角度讲，构造柱要与圈梁地梁、基础梁整体浇筑。与砖墙体要在结构工程有水平拉接筋连接。如果构造柱在建筑物、构筑物中间位置，要与分布筋做连接二次构造柱浇注专用设备优点如下：泵机的使用功率非常小 22kw，在无电源的情况下只需配一台最小型的发电机即可工作。是国内体积最小的混凝土输送泵，是许多狭窄施工环境的选择。泵机配置高，全液压操作，性能稳定，结构紧凑，故障率低，寿命长。二次构造柱泵价格：我们是生产厂家,价 市场价格较低，厂家适当有优惠活动,所以具体价格请咨询以下经理电话。 二次构造柱泵其特点如下：1.结构紧凑简单、性能卓越、价格经济。2.操作维护容易。3.重量轻、轮式设计、移动方便。4.可灌浆液水灰比范围大、特别适宜高浓度设计要求的稠浆。5.可灌注浆液灰沙比大，沙粒粒径范围宽。6.可连续灌浆 了活塞式过大的瞬时脉动压力。7.被动升压，当浆液灌满后，压力逐渐升高，便于控制和保持灌浆压力。8.配套外加剂泵，可实现双液灌注浆。9.可用于表面层喷涂作业（需配套喷射器及空压机）。适用范围：该泵广泛用于城市建筑工程二 施工（如构造柱、隐形柱等的灌注）、公路、铁路隧道、城市地铁、水电站地下洞室等锚固灌浆、团结灌浆及回填灌注浆工程；还可用于边坡、软岩加固时锚桩的灌注浆工程；配合空压机和喷射器还可实现混凝土湿喷。 小型二次构造柱泵是目前国内最小的混凝土输送泵，主要是针对一些特殊的施工工况或者狭窄空间施工条件受设备大小的局限而造成施工不便或难以完成施工进度而精心设计高科技产品。二次构造柱泵的优势分析：1.结构简单，适应性强。 压力高，输送距离远。3.高效率，输送排量大，综合工效高。4.高性能，喷层混凝土性能高，密实，匀质，高强度。5.高可靠性，关键部件采用国内知名品牌保证设备高可靠性。6.速凝剂添加与控制技术，国内气动计量泵计量准确，雾化射 嘴料流混合使得速凝剂与混凝土混合均匀。7.降低了机旁和喷嘴外的粉尘浓度，消除了对工人健康的危害。8.回弹度低，干喷时，混凝土回弹度达15%—50%，采用湿喷技术，回弹率甚至可降低到10%以下，有效节约成本。9.采用风冷却方 液压油，简单环保。10.一机多用，即可作为湿喷机用，也可作为混凝土泵用。二次构造柱泵电控系统电器控制箱采用Y—△软启动方式，避免了开机时对电网的冲击，采用可编程序控制，使电路简化，性能可靠，有安全电压工作灯，便于夜 及检修。遥控器配备有线遥控，操作更加方便。液压系统双联泵组系统采用单泵顺序回路，推送系统和分配系统依次顺序动作。科学的设计，保证系统的高效、低耗。吸、回油过滤器采用吸、回油双过滤，杜绝了杂质进入，保证液压系统 可靠的运行。独立强制风冷散热系统主油路系统采用强制风冷散热，能更好的适应现场环境，保证液压系统油温处于正常工作范围。该泵广泛应用于建筑工程二次浇筑施工（如构造柱、隐形柱等的灌注）、公路、铁路隧道、城市地铁、水 下洞室等锚固灌浆、固结灌浆及回填灌注浆工程；还可以用于边坡，软岩加固时锚桩的注浆工程；并广泛用于一些特殊的施工环境如：铁路公路隧道，引水洞，涵洞，矿洞，桥洞等洞体内的施工，还包括水利工程，水电工程，边坡支护， 工作业，基础的灌装工程，大型群楼建筑的构造柱浇注等等。应用在高层建筑灰砂浆及细石混凝土输送、二次构造柱填充、水库、水电站、港口、码头中各种压力注浆，基础处理、软弱地基、加固注浆、隧道、地铁、矿山施工中回填灌浆 护。配合空压机和喷射器还可以实现混凝土湿喷。为了保证二次构造柱泵既要有较大输送量，又能有一定的出口压力和与之相匹配的经济功率，在二次构造柱泵的设计中，大都采用了恒功率柱塞泵；即恒功率值选定后，当出口压力升高时 输出排量会自动降低，达到与功率设计相对应的值；如果既要达到出口压力高，又想得到输送量大的目的。惟一的途径就是增加电机功率。二次构造柱泵该设备是搅拌与泵送结合为一体的输送设备，为客户减轻了成本压力和繁琐的操作程 客户的操作更简单、更便捷、自动化程度更高。该设备采用全液压双缸泵送系统，大大提高了机器的整体可靠性。设备具有结构紧凑、合理、运作平稳、节能环保、输送距离远、移动便捷、维护方便、使用成本低等诸多优点。
高考英语reading-comprehension
went to Shanghai. They took my sister with them. • One summer holiday, my parents went to Shanghai, taking my sister along.
熟悉并掌握以下10种变通后的句子结构4
• 7. To improve our life, we have to work hard.
• We have to work hard to get our life improved.
• (get…done结构）
• 8. My father sat in the sofa. He was smoking and reading a 掌握以下10种变通后的句子结构1
• 1.We will hold the party on Saturday afternoon.
• The party will be held on Saturday afternoon.
• (被动语态）
• 2. My brave dog saved my little sister. • It was my brave dog that saved my
• (伴随状语） • 4. We can only do this in order to get
good mark. • Only in this way can we get good
mark.
熟悉并掌握以下10种变通后的句子结构3
• 5. They have a cat. The cat’s name is Mary.
高考英语试卷真题答案
Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1. What does the man mean when he says "Let's go for a walk"?A. He wants to go to the library.B. He wants to take a walk.C. He wants to go to the cinema.D. He wants to go to the park.2. What is the woman's suggestion?A. To have a cup of coffee.B. To go to the beach.C. To go shopping.D. To have a rest.3. How does the man feel about the movie?A. He likes it very much.B. He doesn't like it at all.C. He thinks it's okay.D. He doesn't want to watch it.Section B4. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The importance of exercise.B. The benefits of a healthy diet.C. The effects of stress on health.D. The causes of sleep problems.5. What does the speaker suggest to improve sleep quality?A. To avoid caffeine and alcohol.B. To take a warm bath before bed.C. To read a book before going to sleep.D. To exercise regularly.Part II Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Questions 6-106. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce the concept of social media.B. To discuss the impact of social media on young people.C. To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of social media.D. To provide tips on how to use social media effectively.7. According to the passage, what is one of the negative effects of social media?A. It helps people stay connected.B. It improves communication skills.C. It causes stress and anxiety.D. It increases productivity.8. What does the author suggest should be done to address the negative effects of social media?A. To limit the amount of time spent on social media.B. To encourage more face-to-face interactions.C. To ban social media in schools.D. To develop new social media platforms.9. What is the author's attitude towards social media?A. NegativeB. PositiveC. NeutralD. Ambiguous10. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Social media can lead to mental health issues.B. Social media can improve social skills.C. Social media can affect sleep patterns.D. Social media can promote misinformation.Passage 2Questions 11-1511. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of a healthy lifestyle.B. The causes of obesity in children.C. The impact of technology on children's health.D. The role of parents in children's health.12. According to the passage, what is one of the reasons for the increase in childhood obesity?A. Lack of physical activity.B. Unhealthy eating habits.C. Both A and B.D. The use of technology.13. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem of childhood obesity?A. To ban sugary drinks and snacks.B. To encourage more outdoor play.C. To provide healthy school meals.D. Both B and C.14. What is the author's tone in the passage?A. PersuasiveB. CriticalC. ObjectiveD. Entertaining15. Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the passage?A. Technology is the main cause of childhood obesity.B. Parents should be solely responsible for their children's health.C. A healthy lifestyle can help prevent childhood obesity.D. Obesity is not a serious health concern.Part III WritingWrite an essay on the following topic:How do you think social media has affected the way people communicate in the modern world? Discuss the positive and negative impacts of social media on communication, and provide your own opinions on how to balance the use of social media in daily life.（答案仅供参考，具体答案请根据个人理解进行修改。
2023高考英语全国乙卷 阅读理解b 深度解读
2023高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解b 深度解读The 2023 National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) English Paper B Reading Comprehension Section is designed to test students' ability to understand and interpret written texts. In this section, students are required to read a series of passages and answer questions based on their understanding of the content. The passages cover a wide range of topics, from literature and history to science and technology, providing students with the opportunity to demonstrate their comprehension skills across various subject areas.One of the passages in this section may focus on a literary work, such as a novel, poem, or play. Students will be asked to analyze the themes, characters, and literary devices used in the text. This requires a deep understanding of the work and the ability to interpret its meaning and significance.Another type of passage may explore a historical event or cultural phenomenon. Students will need to grasp the historical context, key figures, and social implications of the topic in order to answer the related questions accurately.Additionally, the reading comprehension section may include scientific or technical passages that require students to comprehend complex concepts and theories. This challenges students to apply their knowledge of scientific principles and analytical skills to understand and interpret the information presented.To excel in the NCEE English Paper B Reading Comprehension Section, students should develop strong reading habits and critical thinking skills. They need to be able to identify the main ideas and supporting details in a passage, recognize the author's purpose and tone, and make inferences based on the information provided. Moreover, students should practice reading various types of texts and engage in discussions to deepen their understanding of different subject matters.In conclusion, the 2023 NCEE English Paper B Reading Comprehension Section assesses students' ability to comprehend and analyze written texts across different disciplines. By honing their reading and critical thinking skills, students can effectively prepare for this section of the exam and demonstrate their proficiency in English language and literature.。
高考英语Reading-comprehension1
*着重理解首末段,首末句 *主旨在文章中间的情况(非文首文尾),遇到文章前后段意 思转折,提高警惕
主旨题的解题技巧
主旨题的注意事项:
正确选项特点: 干扰项特点:
*段落中出现转折时,该句很可能是主题句 *作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨 *首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的解答就是文章主旨 *提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示:therefore, thus, but, however, in short等等 不出现细节信息;不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词 细节信息明显;过于笼统
Which of the following best expresses the main idea? A. Old people in the United States who are poor or sick cannot live alone. B. Being unable to live alone is a serious problem for old people in the United States. C. Old people who are poor or sick should live with their relatives, not in homes for the aged. D. In the United States, old people who are poor or sick are forced to live in homes for the aged.
1 主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后 的句子则是论证细节。在说明文，科技 文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。 主题句 论证 1 论证 2 论证 3 ……
In the United States, old people who no longer have an income or who suffer from a loss of physical abilities are often forced to give up living alone. They must leave their homes and depend on someone else to give them a place to live and to take care of their physical needs: they must either live with relatives or live in homes for the aged. This loss of independence is a major problem for the aged.
Reading Comprehension.阅读理解15篇附答案doc
Reading Comprehension: 15篇（附答案）Directions: Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one you think is the best answer.Passage 1 CCBCDAfter practising as a surgeon for several years, Dr. Ginoux decided to apply for membership in the American College of Surgeons (美国外科医生学会), a highly selective and distinguished professional organization.As part of the application procedure (手续), Dr. Ginoux was asked to prepare a list of all the operations performed in the previous seven years. Slowly, as she worked on the long list, she began to feel uncertain. She began to question some of her decisions. Had she used the best techniques in that case? Maybe, in this case, she should have… Would the doctors on the selection committee understand that, as the only trained surgeon in the area, she usually could not get advice from others and therefore, had to rely completely on her own judgment? For the first time, Dr. Ginoux felt lonely and isolated.The longer Dr. Ginoux worked on the application forms, the more depressed she became. As hope faded, she wondered if a “country doctor” had a realistic chance of being accepted by the American College of Surgeons.1. Dr. Ginoux was working inA. a large city.B. the American College of Surgeons.C. an area far from any big city.D. a selective organization.2. The application forms must includeA. the best technique.B. a list of advice and judgments.C. a record of all the operationsD. the decision procedure.3. It was most probable that Dr. Ginoux wasA. a member in that organization.B. a well-trained surgeon.C. a graduate from the American College of Surgeons.D. a distinguished surgeon in America.4. When she was filling the application forms, Dr. Ginoux began to beA.realistic.B.distinguished.C.perplexed.D.decisive.5. When filling the forms, Dr. Ginoux felt depressed becauseA. she didn’t perform enough operations.B. some operations were unsuccessful.C. she didn’t g et advice from the selection committee.D. she was doubtful about her operations.Passage 2 ADBDDAfter a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles(肌肉) relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep tell us that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This period of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you can’t fall asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believed that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this passage is ________.A. SleepB. Good HealthC. DreamsD. Work and Rest2. The word “drowsy” in the last paragraph means _________.A. sickB. stand upC. awakeD. a little sleepy3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you______.A. dream more oftenB. have poor healthC. nervousD. breathe quickly4. During REM, ________________.A. your eyes move quicklyB. you dreamC. you are restlessD. both A and B5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is __________.A. approximately six hoursB. around ten hoursC. about eight hoursD. not stated herePassage 3 CACBCTokyo is one of those places that you can love and hate at the same time.In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where I want to be. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast when they can. But in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams. Tokyo is not different when one wants to walk.At certain times of the day there are a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street. But the streets near Ginza in Tokyo always have a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk. People are very polite; there are just too many of them.The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30 at night. That is when the night-clubs are closing and everybody wants to go home. There are 35,000 night-clubs in Tokyo, and you do not often see one that is empty.Most people travel to and from work by train. Tokyo people buy six million train tickets every day. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours there do not seem to be enough trains. Although they are usually crowded, Japanese trains are very good. They always leave and arrive on time. On a London train you would see everybody reading a newspaper. In Tokyo trains everybody in a seat seems to be asleep, whether his journey is long or short.In Tokyo, I stood outside the station for five minutes. Three fire-engines raced past on the way to one of the many fires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now. instead, I am surprised at myself: I must go there next year on business. I know I hate the overcrowded city. But I feel like a man who is returning to his long-lost love.1. Tokyo is different from London in that ____________.A. it has a smaller populationB. it is an international cityC. it is more difficult to go somewhere on foot in TokyoD. its people are friendlier and more polite.2. What time does the writer think is the worst time to go into the street?A. When the night-clubs are closing.B. At 8 o'clock in the morning.C. When the train is overcrowded.D. At 11:30 a.m.3. What does the writer say about Japanese trains?A. There are not enough trains.B. They are very nice and comfortable.C. They leave and arrive at the right time.D. They often run behind schedule.4. From the writer's observation, we can see that fires break out in Tokyo _______.A. occasionally.B. quite frequentlyC. not very oftenD. twice a day5. The writer hates Tokyo mainly because the city _________.A. is dirty and the people are impoliteB. has been seriously pollutedC. is crowded and noisyD. is not modern enoughPassage 4 DCCCBEvery ten years there is a national census(人口普查) to count the number of people. The Census Office asks every household to answer questions on a census form. The census counts people by the kind of housing they live in, the country in which they were born, and the kind of job they do and how they travel to work. Census results are used by a great many people and areavailable to everyone in many ways.For example, in order to work out present and future needs we must know how people are housed now, and the sizes and ages of their families. For hospitals, schools and other local services, the size of annual grants(拨款) made by the Government to these services depends largely on the numbers and needs of people in the area.Many of the figures come from the census. In order to work out future spending for pensions (养老金), we need to know people's ages, how many are men and how many are women, whether they are single or married, and the size of the family. The census shows how many people have moved from one area to another and how the local workforce is changing. This information is used when factories, offices, shops, public transport and places for leisure are being planned. The census is taken in order to provide figures about the nation as a whole. It does not give information about any named person, family or household. Names and addresses are needed to take the census accurately, but they are not fed into the computer. After the census, the forms are locked away and will not be released to anyone outside the Census Office for 100 years. The answers you give on your census form will be treated secretly. No one outside the Census Office will see your completed form - but if you refuse to complete your form properly, you may be taken to court and the form could be produced as evidence. Everyone working on the census is required to keep it secret and can be accused if he or she improperly reveals information.1. It is necessary to know what sort of housing conditions people have in order to plan ________.A) the sizes and ages of familiesB) the sizes and ages of housesC) how many presents will be neededD) how many houses need to be built2. The census shows the changes that have taken place regarding ______.A) the number of people who work in the areaB) the number of buses in the areaC) the strength of workers in the areaD) the use of power in the area3. Which of the following statements is true?A) There is no information about people's names on the census forms.B) The census would not be accurate if the information was fed into a computer.C) The census gives information about the whole country.D) Named people and families do not need to give information.4. Information about names and addresses ________.A) is stored in the computer for 100 yearsB) is not usually accurateC) will not be seen by anyoneD) will be made public in 100 years5. The people who work on the census _______.A) will not see the completed formsB) have promised not to reveal informationC) are not allowed to keep the information in memoryD) are secretly trainedPassage 5 CBCAAIf you are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of the year.A famous scientist, Ellsworth Huntington(1876-1974), concluded, from his work among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities.He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in spring man’s mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about rapid growth of everything in nature.Fall is the next-best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be good time to take a long vacation from thinking.1. According to this passage, your intelligence probably________.A. stays the same throughout the yearB. varies from day to dayC. changes with the seasonsD. changes from year to year2. Huntington based his conclusions on __________.A. records of changes in his own intelligenceB. his work among peoples in different climatesC. records of temperature changesD. all of the above3. It seems that the cold of winter _________.A. increases the ability to thinkB. is the best time for thinkingC. is better for thinking than the heat of summerD. decreases the ability to think4. One possible reason why spring is the best season for thinking is that______.A. everything in nature, including man, is growing then.B. it lasts longer than the other seasons.C. it is not too warm and not too coldD. both B and C5. The two best seasons for thinking seem to be _________.A. spring and fallB. winter and summerC. summer and springD. fall and winterPassage 6 ABCADSurprise! You’re in college! “I never knew living with a roommate was so hard.” “I can’t believe the amount of reading required for just one class.” “I didn’t know what the Freshman 20was until I gained 20 pounds.” No matter how hard or how long you plan for college, it’s f illed with surprises, from dorm conflicts and academic rigors（严酷；艰苦）to the relationship maze and campus logistics（后勤）. Students at Northwestern College in Saint Paul, Minn., share surprises they encountered to give freshmen a “heads up” on what to expect when entering the ivy-covered walls this fall.Dorm LifeAdjusting to a roommate’s music preferences, sleeping times and tastes in dorm was a surprise to Emily Carlson,a communication major. “I was an only child used to my own room, so it was a chall enge adjusting to roommates.” “At first it felt like being at summer camp,” recalls Kristy Lindquist, a cross-cultural ministry major. “Eventually one becomes accustomed to it, after growing from both good and bad experiences.” At the beginning of her fres hman year, Amber White, a music major, thought she’d get close to one roommate in particular, but it wasn’t the case. “I thought I’d get along better with my roommates, but overall the friends I made in the first weeks were not the friends I actually kept.” The housekeeping aspects of the sexes surprised senior Ben Hemmila, president of the Northwestern Student Association. “Guys’ dorms smell bad no matter what happens! Girls’ dorms are generally messier than guys’, but smell better.”AcademicsNeed to study for a mid-term exam or finish a term paper? Get ready to burn the midnight oil ― and the early-morning oil! “Late in college means 3-4 a.m. not 10-11 p.m.” says Hemmila. Carlson agrees. “With other obligations, like work and social things, studying until 3 a.m. is not unusual.” Yet she was surprised at her stamina（体力；精力；活力）. “I’ve stayed up 48, even 72 hours studying ― thanks to coffee and willpower. Staying up isn’t that hard. The difficult part is keeping everything in your brain.” Another common s urprise is the vast amount of reading college requires: 50-60 pages a night ― per class! Hemmila was surprised he didn’t get a detention（延迟；留置；拘留）when he skipped a class. But he still paid the tuition for that skipped class. S tudents are surprised to realize their education needs to include personal discipline and time management. “There is never enough time,” realizes Katie Dean, a business major. “I can’t be involved in everything like in high school, and even a part-time job is hard with a full load.” P aul Bradley, dean of residence life at Northwestern College, says freshmen usually find they have more homework than expected and finals are more difficult. “They’re surprised because they get fewer directives from professors on how to study and what to st udy.”As for that Freshman 20, Murphy hears from many students who were amazed how quickly they gained weight. “It’s the reality of inactivity ― sitting in class, studying, then eating pizza.”1. According to the passage above, the Freshman 20 is _____.A.a new student who is almost 20B.a freshman who gains 20 pounds quicklyC.a new students who is 20 poundsD.a freshman who always gains weight 20 pounds a year2. What might “burn the midnight oil” mean in this passage?A.To burn something at night with oil.B.To stay up studying.C.To burn the mid-term exam or a term paper at night.D.To get up late.3. The following statements are mentioned EXCEPT _____.A.bo ys’ dorms do not smell good no matter what happensB. it was a challenge for those who live in their own rooms at home to adjust to roommatesC. students are not surprised to know the y need personal discipline and time managementD. coffee and willpower can help students study at night for long time4. What can we know from the passage based on the author’s opinion?A.Time and tide wait for no man.B.It is easy for students to adjust to the new college life.C.Dorm life is different from the life at home.D.Freshmen know what to do because they can get much help from professors.5. This passage mainly tells us ______.A.dorm life in collegeB.academics in collegeC.new s tudents life at Northwestern CollegeD.surprise at dorm life and academics of the new students in collegePassage7 DCBABWhat can you do when you find yourself in school without enough friends? Making friends on campus is not the easiest thing to do especially when you are new on campus or you go to an urban commuter campus. Meeting people at school need s not be a daunting task. There are several methods that are not difficult to master and you may find easy when you try them out.Start by looking around at people you tend to see frequently, such as, people who you see in your classes, dorms and dining areas. Often an easy way to start a conversation is to focus on an area of obvious common interest. For example, before or after classes, ask, “did you get the assignment for next week”, or “ what did you think of the professor’s theory of...”This gets you pas s the most difficult part, which is starting the first conversation. Be sure to introduce yourself before the end of the conversation.If your campus has a dining facility, cafe or coffee cart, then there will be more opportunities for meeting people. After you’ve introduced yourself and talked about class, it’s the perfect time to ask the other person to join you for a cup of coffee. Once you are at the table it should be easier to talk about where you’re from, what is your major, what you think of the class, whether it is easy or hard. Once you start a conver sation, you’ve gotten past the most difficult part. It will be much easier to suggest meeting again for coffee, or to meet socially off campus.Put yourself where there are other people that you will see over and over. Join a club, interest group or sports team. Obviously if you live in a dormitory you will have chances to interact with people in your dorm floor as well as the dorm cafeteria. Make it a point of inviting people to meet you for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Don’t be a cockroach —someone who hangs out in a dark room and scurries(急转，疾行) when the lights are turned on.Working on Campus is also a good way to meet people, as well as put some money in your pocket, while solving two problems at once. Social events can be good ways to meet people. School dances, campus mixers and happy hours may seem to make you have something in common to talk about.1. In the first paragraph, the author seems trying to convey the following EXCEPT _____.A. making friends is a hard thing on campusB. we can do nothing about making friendsC. there are methods of making friends that may be of helpD. none of the above2. The expression ‘cockroach’ (Line 5, Para. 4) in this passage probably refers to _____.A. the insect that comes out at night and seldom goes out in the daytimeB. someone who comes out at night and seldom goes out in the daytimeC. someone who often stays in a dorm and only goes out when necessaryD. someone who often hangs around and only meets people on campus3. The methods of making friends include the following statements EXCEPT _____.A. joining in a sports teamB. taking up a part-time jobC. studying in a place frequentlyD. asking someone to join you for a cup of coffee4. The possible reason that the author suggests you ask ‘did you get the a ssignment for next week’ is _____.A. to start a conversationB. to know why he or she did n’t finish the assignmentC. to get help from him or her assignmentD. to collect the assignment for the professor5. What this passage mainly discusses is______.A. the importance of making friends on campusB. making friends on campus is very easyC. m eeting and m aking f riends on c ampusD. life on campusPassage 8 DCBBAOne cold morning in winter, when I was a little boy, a smiling man with an ax on his shoulder sto pped me, saying, “My pretty boy, has your father a grindstone ( 磨刀石)?”“Yes, sir,” said I.“You are a fine little fellow!” said the man. “Will you let me grind my ax?”Pleased with the flattery, I answered, “Oh, yes, sir. The grindstone is down in the shop.”Patting me on my head, he said, “Will you get me some hot water?” I ran and brought the hot water.“How old are you, and what is you name?” he asked, without waiting for a reply, “I’m sure you are one of the finest boys I have ever seen. Will you turn the grindstone a few minutes for me?”Hearing the flattery again, I went to work with a will. It was a new ax, and I worked hard until I was almost tired to death. The school bell rang, but I could not get away, because the ax was not half ground.At last, however, it was sharpened. Then the man turned to me and said, “Now, you little rascal (小坏蛋), you have played truant ( 旷课)! Run to school, or you’ll be sorry!”“Alas!” thought I. “It was hard enough to turn a grindstone this cold day, b ut now to be called a rascal is too much.”The memory of turning the grindstone that winter morning sank deep into my mind. I have thought of it since. Now, whenever I hear words of flattery, I say to myself. “That man has an ax to grind.”1. Which of the following did the man with the ax NOT do that morning?A. Flattering the boy with nice words.B. Patting the boy on the head.C. Blaming the boy with sharp words.D. Giving the boy a small toy.2. T he man ask ed the boy so many questions ________.A. to know how old the boy wasB. to know if his father was at homeC. to let the boy grind his axD. to know the study about the boy3. What did NOT happen to the boy when the work was finished?A. He was tired.B. He was praised by the man.C. He was late for school.D. He felt hurt by the man’s words.4. The man called the boy “rascal” because _______.A. his ax was done wellB. he thought that the boy should go to school on timeC. his ax was damagedD. he di dn’t want the boy to go to school5. Today in the English language, “That man has an ax to grind” means _______.A. that man has some selfish reasons for his actionsB. that man needs to sharpen his axC. that man is very kind to boysD. that man works with an axPassage 9 DCACDWhy is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.Successful and happy people have a vision of how their life should be and they set lots of goals (both short-term and long-range) to help them reach their vision. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s like having a map to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind (her goal) which is laid out for her on a map. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver, but she drives aimlessly around, never getting anywhere, just using up gas and oil. Which driver do you want to be?Winners in life set goals and follow them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set and they aren’t difficultto reach. It’s up to you to find out what your goals, ideals and visions really are. You are the one who must decide what to pursue and in what direction to aim your life.Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it. Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power. Like a contract with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular fashion you are able to stimulate your subconscious to be continuously alert to situations that will further your goal.1) The example of two drivers in the second paragraph is cited to show __________.A. the difficulty of driving without a mapB. the foolishness of the second driverC. the importance of avoiding wrong turnsD. the significance of setting goals2) Successful people differ from unsuccessful ones in that __________.A. the former set goals which are difficult to achieveB.the latter make unreasonable demands of themselvesC.the former have goals in life and make plans to carry them outD. the latter set goals and try to get other people to help them3) According to the writer, what is the most important in the whole process of realizing one’s goal?A.Trying to be realistic about one’s capabilities.B. Analyzing problems that may be involved.C. Having a clear understanding of what one wants in life.D. Dreaming of a very beautiful future.4) What is suggested if people want to realize their goals without fail?A. They should write down their goals.B. They should sign a contract with other people involved.C. They should be aware of the difficulties they are faced with.D. They should discuss with other people about their goals.5) Which of the following statements is closest to the main idea of the passage?A. Success is possible only when a person has set his or her goal clearly.B. Goals enable people to achieve everything they desire in life.C. Winners of any competition should never be satisfied with themselves.D. Goals must be realistic and within the realm of possibility.Passage 10 BCDCCIt was a quarter past nine as Marie hurried into the office building where she was going to work. Her bus had inched along through heavy morning traffic, making her a few minutes late for her very first job. She decided to start out half an hour earlier the next day. Once inside the lobby, she had to stand at the elevators and wait several minutes before she could get on one going to the sixth floor. When she finally reached the office marked “King Enterprises,” she knocked at the door nervously and waited. There was no answer. She tapped on the door again, but still there was no reply. From inside the next office, she could hear the sound of voices,so she opened the door and went in. Although she was sure it was the same office she had been in two weeks before when she had the interview with Mr. King, it looked quite different now. In fact, it hardly looked like an office at all. The employees were just standing around chatting and smoking. At the far end of the room, somebody must have just told a good joke, she thought, because there was a loud burst of laughter as she came in. For a moment she had thought they were laughing at her. Then one of the men looked at his watch, clapped his hands and said something to the others. Quickly they all went to their desks and, in a matter of seconds, everyone was hard at work. No one paid any attention to Marie. Finally she went up to the man who was sitting at the desk nearest to the door and explained that this was her first day in the office. Hardly looking up from his work, he told her to have a seat and wait for Mr. King, who would arrive at any moment. Then Marie realized that the day’s work in the office began just before Mr. King arrived. Later she found out that he lived in Connecticut and came into Manhattan on the same train every morning, arriving in the office at 9:35, so that his staff knew exactly when to start working.1) Marie felt nervous when she knocked at the door because _______.A. it was her first day in a new jobB. she was a little bit late for workC. she was afraid that she had gone to the wrong placeD. there was no answer from inside the office2) Marie could hardly recognize the office she went into as _______.A. the office had a new appearanceB. Mr. King was not in the officeC. nobody was doing any workD. she had been there only once3) The people in the office suddenly started working because _______.A. they saw a stranger in the officeB. they had finished their morning breakC. no one wanted to talk to MarieD. the boss was about to arrive4) We can infer from the text that the employees of the enterprise _______.A. would start their work by listening to a jokeB. were cold to newcomersC. lacked devotion to the companyD. were always punctual for work5) The best title for this text would be _______.A. Punctual Like A ClockB. A Cold WelcomeC. An Unpunctual ManagerD. Better Late Than NeverPassage 11 BCDBBI was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries （卡车）passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases “before the war ” and “when the war’s over”. “Before the war”, apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why, except that there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice。
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[问答题,简答题]列车机车与第一辆车的车钩、软管摘解是怎样规定的？ [单选]甲与乙订立了一份合同，约定甲供给乙狐皮围脖200条，总价6万元，但合同未规定狐皮围脖的质量标准和等级，也未封存样品。甲如期发货，乙验收后支付了货款。后乙因有20条围脖未能销出，便以产品质量不合格为由，向法院起诉，其诉讼代理人在审理过程中又主张合同无效。本案中， [单选,案例分析题]李师傅，男，50岁。是一名采矿工人。工龄30年，胸闷10年，近1个月加重，出现气短，呼吸困难，轻微胸痛，在双下胸部，阵发性，查体：双肺听诊呼吸音降低，两下肺细小干湿啰音，心律齐，未闻及病理性杂音。你需要首先做什么检查以明确诊断（）。A.心电图B.肺CTC.心 [名词解释]起动风速 [多选]安全生产保证计划中关于安全验收应明确的要求有：（）。A.施工作业前，对安全施工作业条件进行验收B.物资、设施、设备和检测器具在投入使用前进行使用验收C.对危险性较大的分部分项工程施工中可能给下道工序造成影响的节点进行过程验收D.建立必要的安全验收标识，未经安全验 [判断题]振动筛所有零件中，传动皮带是最容易磨损的，其次是筛面，弹簧及轴承A.正确B.错误 [单选]中版海图水深浅于21m，水上注记注至（）。A．0.1mB．0.5mC．整米D．1cm [填空题]70号钢属高碳钢含碳量为（）；40号钢属中碳钢含碳量为（）；15号钢属低碳钢含碳量为（） [单选,A1型题]临产后，阴道检查确诊胎方位时，以哪一条颅缝的方向为准()A.额缝B.冠状缝C.矢状缝D.人字缝E.颞缝 [单选]用人单位应当加强女职工劳动保护，采取措施改善女职工（）条件。A、工作B、休息休假C、劳动安全卫生D、收入 [单选]在药品标签上必须印有规定标识的是（）A.贵重药品B.自费药品C.处方药D.非处方药品E.内服药品 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]紫外线杀菌的主要机制是（）A.损伤细胞壁B.破坏酶系统C.干扰DNA的复制D.干扰蛋白质的合成E.损伤细胞膜 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]关于黄曲霉毒素的结构和理化特性的描述，错误的是（）。A.二呋喃环末端有双键的毒性大B.耐热，一般烹调方法不能破坏C.在紫外光照射下产生荧光D.皆溶于水E.在碱性条件下，其内酯环易破坏 [单选]运输企业的关键客户一般为（）。A.临时客户B.一次性托运大宗货物的客户C.潜力客户D.致力于发展长期稳定伙伴关系的客户 [单选]病人五心烦热，盗汗，口咽干燥，颧红，舌红少津，脉细数，此为（）。A.里实热证B.里实寒证C.表实热证D.里虚热证E.表虚热证 [单选]下列哪种疾病不是眼部疾病活检适应证（）A.眼球及眼附属器异常组织、结节或肿块B.不典型的"麦粒肿"或"霰粒肿"C.晶状体病变D.角膜感染性炎症或溃疡E.因视力丧失或伴疼痛摘除的眼球 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]椎弓和椎体围成（）A.椎间孔B.椎孔C.横突孔D.椎骨上下切迹E.椎管 [判断题]当浮选机某段充气量不足时，整机会表现为泡沫层发死现象。A.正确B.错误 [单选]经济法的（）要求政府对市场的干预必须有所为、有所不为。A.有限干预原则B.平衡协调原则C.维护公平竞争原则D.责权利相统一原则 [单选]县级土地承包主管部门在农村土地承包管理工作中的任务是（）。A.设置权证、承包合同登记簿、纠纷调解登记簿、回访检查登记簿B.制定档案科学的检索方法C.妥善保管档案D.指导乡镇档案管理工作 [名词解释]灰浆池 [单选]治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒，首选药物是（）A.注射胰岛素后+口服降糖药B.口服降糖药C.注射普通胰岛素D.注射鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素E.注射珠蛋白胰岛素 [判断题]螺旋线圈的作用是连接驾驶侧气囊导线连接器和点火开关连接器。（）A.正确B.错误 [单选]在几种胶结类型中，基底胶结的孔隙度（）A、最高B、最低C、中等D、较高 [单选]变压器的额定电压是指变压器一次加额定电压，二次（）的电压。A.开路B.短路C.带额定负荷 [单选]根据自杀发生的情况一般将自杀分为几种形式（）A.一种B.三种C.五种D.七种E.九种 [单选]关于意外伤害保险描述正确的是（）A.费率一般区分年龄、性别B.保险金可采用定额给付或费用补偿的方式C.责任准备金按当年保费收入的40%/50%计提D.保险事故须在责任期限内发生，在保险期限内达到理赔条件 [名词解释]固有免疫应答(innateimmuneresponse) [单选]如图a）所示结构剪力的影响线正确的是：（）ABCD [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]中性粒细胞吞噬能力显著下降见于（）A.白色念珠菌感染B.糖尿病C.烧伤D.补体缺陷症E.肝癌 [单选]不属于龟鳖目的科是（）。A.壁虎科B.龟科C.棱皮龟科D.海龟科 [单选]在乳腺癌全野切线源皮距照射定位时，下列哪项描述是错误的（）A.放好内外切线野的铅丝，向内切野方向转动机架50度左右，将内切野的内缘放在铅丝处B.升降床并左右移床至源皮距100cmC.透视并转动机架同时调节治疗床使两根铅丝与射野中心重叠并切肺1.5～2cmD.用虚线画上内切线 [问答题,简答题]实施清洁生产有哪些途径和方法？ [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]消毒剂灭菌效果影响因素，叙述不正确的是（）A.表面活性剂对革兰阴性菌的杀灭效果较革兰阳性菌好B.同一消毒剂不同浓度，消毒效果不一样C.70%酒精可杀死细菌繁殖体D.消毒剂的杀菌作用受酸碱度的影响很大E.需根据消毒对象选择合适的消毒剂 [多选]关于施工现场消火栓间距和距房屋、路边的距离的说法，正确的有()。A.消火栓间距不得大于120mB.消火栓距路边不大于3mC.消火栓距路边不大于2mD.消火栓距拟建房屋不得小于1OmE.消火栓距拟建房屋不得小于5m且不大于25m [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]导致声音嘶哑的原因不正确的是（）A.用嗓过度B.肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移C.气管内异物D.贲门癌E.声带小结 [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]患儿，女，3岁，因发热就诊，医生怀疑泌尿系感染，可以确诊的中段尿培养的菌落计数值是（）A.＞103／mlB.＞104／mlC.＞105／mlD.＞106／mlE.＞107／ml [单选,A2型题,A1/A2型题]关于PPD皮试，下列哪项错误（）.A.于前臂掌侧中下1/3交界处注射B.一般注射0.1ml，5个结核菌素单位C.皮丘直径必须>6mmD.注射后48～72小时看结果E.测量局部红晕直径判断反应强度 [单选]在招标采购中，按照采购的标的物划分，不属于招标采购合同的是（）。A.工程采购合同B.货物采购合同C.服务采购合同D.项目采购合同 [单选]《农村土地承包法》规定，农民集体所有的土地依法属于村农民集体所有的，由村集体经济组织或者（）发包。A.村民小组B.