(完整word版)【优质】兰大考博英语试题.doc

兰州大学 2003 年招收攻读博士学位研究生英语考试试题Section Ⅰ(20%)1.To control intelligence in the attempt to insure only benevolentconsequences would sentence the human race to ignorance, stagnation and decadence, and probably would be impossible.A. deceptionB. declineC. revelationD. disclosure2. During the 1800s and early 1900s the academic disciplines such aschemistry and physics made great headway.A. sacrificeB. progressC. forefrontD. preconceptions3. The purpose of the law is to prevent discrimination on the grounds of.SexA. nationalityB. raceC. genderD. profession4. The governor`s helicopter hovered over the field for a long time beforelanding.A. stayedB. adjustedC. confrontedD. subdued5.The noise was so faint that it was impossible to be sure what it wasor even where it came from.A. loudB. frighteningC. generalD. indistinct6.An understanding of the quantum theory is vital in the study ofsolid-state physics.A. helpfulB. aliveC. acquiredD. essential7. No longer is the population of that county as nearly homogeneous as it once was .A. united in political outlookB. uniform throughoutC. inclined toward cooperationD. politically conservative8.It is not possible for people to remember everything that they have thought, felt, or done.A. appreciateB. recallC. repeatD. discuss9. Much to Michael`s surprise, his professional competence and languid manner attracted clients to his law practice.A. showing understandingB. sharp and preciseC. lacking vigorD. positive and unswerving10.Probably the only protection for contemporary man is to discoverhow to use his intelligence in the service of love and kindness.A. modernB. simultaneousC. meditativeD. considering11.But even more scandalous is the treatment the society inflicts on themajority of people during their youth and their maturity.A. imposesB. suffersC. affectsD. brings12. To the astonishment of his colleagues, he appeared to regard hesuggestion as a panacea.A. universally welcome thoughtB. practical solutionC. remedy for all difficultiesD. laughable idea13. The American lost the nuclear weapon monopoly when the Sovietsexpioded their first atomic bomb.A. businessB. controlC. superiorityD. pribilege14. Migrant worker have difficulty finding steady employment.A. eligibleB. transientC. diligentD. Unmotivated15.The campaign seemed to signal a switch in the paper`s editorialpolicy.A. orientationB. reversalC. adjustmentD. changeover16. A darkened sky in the daytime is usually an indication that a storm isimminent.A .expected to be severe B. close byC. about to take placeD. possibly coming17.During the 1800s, hunters and trappers returned from theYellowstone region with reports of strange natural wonders.A. marvelsB. occurrencesC. thoughtsD. surprises18.Because of harsh weather conditions, more than a dozen states inthe United States wer declared disaster areas in 1977.A. improbableB. bizarreC. moistD. Severe19. The fundamental element of a word is known as its root.A. finalB. basicC. importantD. simple20.Flying may be classified as energy technology, but modern aviationwould be impossible without elaborate electronic communications and controls.A. sophisticatedB. skillfulC. inflamedD. powerful SectionⅡ(20%)21. A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, he is likely tosmile and reach out to another infant.A. ifB. wheneverC. whereasD. so that22. When he arrived, he found the aged and the sick at home.A. no other thanB. none other thanC. nothing butD. none but23. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas today and are beingmodified by the work of scientists of our time.A. are challengingB. are to challengeC. may be challengedD. have been challenged24.Man has been profoundly concerned and anxious about his ability tosurvive in the face of his comparative physical weaknessesand the multiple dangers of his environment.A. positivelyB. wiselyC. extremelyD. increasingly25. The new appointment of our president from the verybeginning of next semester.A. takes effectB. takes partC. takes placeD. takes turns26.Lightning is a of electrical current from a cloud to the ground of fromone cloud to another.A. ribbonB. rainbowC. rackD. rush27. It has been revealed that some government leaders theirauthority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A. abuseB. employC. takeD. overlook28. A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the opencountryside and homegrown food.A. tiedB. associatedC. boundD. involved\29.Jean doesn`t want to work right away because she thinks that if shea job she probably wouldn`t be able to see her friends veryoften.A. had gotB. has to getC. were to getD. could have got30. They took measures to prevent poisonous gases fromesvaping.A. fruitfulB. effectiveC. beneficialD. valid\31. She was so in her job that she didn`t hear anybodyknocking at the door.A. drawnB. attractedC. absorbedD. concentrated32. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that noamount of money could .A. make up forB. stand up toC. come up withD. put up with33. You will want two tress about ten feet apart, from to suspendyour tent.A. thereB. whereC. whichD. them34. It is recommended that the project until all the preparationshave been made.A. is not to be startedB. is not startedC. will not be startedD. not be started35. He decided to make further improvements on the computer`s designthe light of the requirements of customers.A. onB. inC. forD. with36. for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.A. Had it not beenB. Not beingC. Without beingD. Not having been37. We don`t need air conditioning .A. nor can we afford itB. and nor we can afford itC. neither can afford itD. and we can neither afford it38. We to start our own business, but we never had enoughmoney.A. have hopedB. had hopedC. would hopeD. should hope39. He made such a contribution to the university that they arenaming one of the new buildings after him.A. generousB. genuineC. minimiumD. modest40. We desire that the tour leader us immediately of any changein plants.A. has informedB. informsC. informedD. informPart Two Translation (40%)Section Ⅰ(From English into Chinese)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (20%)What does the phase“Stats Wars”mean? (1) “Stats Wars”is a United States research program designed to determine whether a defense system can be built to block intercontinental ballistic missiles. Its official name is the Strategic Defense Initiative. The long-range goal is the erection of aspace “shield”to destroy enemy warheads after the are launched,while they are in space flight or as they re-enter the atmosphere.Space-based and land-based weapons would include several varieties of X-ray and other lasers; nonexplosive projiectiles called “smart rocks”, and other devices. (2) The weapons would require advanced computers and other technologies to detect the missiles and computers their paths,to ditect intercepting weapons over great distances and to maintain constant communications between the many component parts of the overall system.Where did the idea come from? (3) In March 1983, in a speechproposing that nuclear weapons be made “impotent and obsolete.”President Reagan stepped up the pace of missile-defense research. Hewas urged on by , among others, Dr. Edward Teller, who led developmentof the hydrogen bomb.What is the status of the program? (4) The administration has suggested spending $33 billion on “Star Wars”over six fiscal years, spending would probably rise sharply later. Some preliminary lasers have, in fact, been tested and have hit targets in space; and an anti-satellite weapon, which represent a related element of missile defense, has been fired at and destroyed a satellite.Few of the basic building blocks of a sonce network are now available, (5) and the best estimate are that it will not be before the late 1980`s that an assessmentcan be made as to whether a defense shield would actually work.Section Ⅱ (From Chinese into English)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the under lined sentences into English. (20%)我为乘客服务（6）有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。