An Existential Analysis of Catch-22 第二十二条军规赏析
英语毕业论文第二十二条军规赏析AnExistentialAnalysisofCatch22
An Existential Analysis of Catch-22ContentsAcknowledgements......................................................................................... . (i)Abstract(English)........................................................................................... .. (ii)Abstract(Chinese).......................................................................................... .. (iii)1. Introduction.................................................................................................. .. (1)1.1Catch-22.......................................................................................................... (1)1.2 WritingBackground ..............................................................................................12. TheExistentialism…........................................................................................... (2)2.1 “I think, so I a m” and “e xistence beforeessence” (2)2.2 The initiative of the soldiers (3)3. FreeChoice ......................................................................................................... (4)3.1 Orr................................................................................................................... . (5)3.2Yossarian ......................................................................................................... (6)4. The Absurdity of theWorld (7)4.1 The Absolute power of the Bureaucracy (7)4.2 The Moral Insanity (8)4.3 The Inevitability of Death (9)5.Conclusion .................................................................................................... (10)WorkCited.............................................................................................................. (12)AbstractThis paper is going to talk about the existentialism in Joseph Heller’s masterpiece Catch-22. As regards to the influence of existentialism on literature, Jean Paul Sartre’s theories are the one of the great significance, which is the main concern in this thesis.Joseph Heller (1923-1999) is one of the most representative writers of Black Humor, which forecasts the dominating of American post-modernism literature. The heart of Black Humor is the description of the absurdity of the world, which is also a doctrine of existentialism. So it is said that existentialism is one of the origins of Black Humor.In Catch-22, there are bounds of freedom and the struggles to get off from them, which is a main theme of the book. And as regard to Sartre’s existentialism, the central thought is the freedom to choose what one wants to be or to do, which agrees with the theme of Catch-22 above I have mentioned. So in this paper I just choose Sartre’s existentialist thoughts to analyze it, despite other existentialists. Existentialism is a different point of view to look at the traditional war-novel, from which I think a deeper and more theoretical criticism of the war as well as that of the world can be obtained.For the value of this paper, first of all, it will prove Catch-22 an existential novel. Both centered on the theme of freedom, this novel and existentialism share the same basis, so it’s natural to connect them together. Also, there is chapter four on absurdity to illustrate this point. Thirdly, I want to stress the subjectivity and advantages of existentialism. Although many people think it assuperficial and spiritual, it stresses on humanism, paying attention to initiative and subjectivity, which are still hot centers of discussion till now.Key words: Catch-22;Existentialism; Free choice; Absurdity内容摘要约瑟夫·海勒的代表作《二十二条军规》中渗透着存在主义的思想,这也是本论文讨论的主旨所在。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing."A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd阅读理解限时训练与解析A（5minutes）I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed（解散）. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized（强调）the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating（欺骗）themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously（认真地）about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued（继续）to believe that I had cheated on the test.1. The story took place（发生）exactly ____ .A. in the teacher’s officeB. in an exam roomC. in the schoolD. in the language lab2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .A. she had not brought a pen with herB. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her ownD. her own had been taken away by someone3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .A. to go on writing his paperB. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediatelyD. to stay behind after the exam4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .A. honestyB. sense of dutyC. seriousnessD. all of the above5. The boy knew everything ____ .A. the moment he was asked to stay behindB. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time laterD. when he was walking out of the roomB（7minutes）Some kids start to drink alcohol (酒精) at a young age. They think it is part of becoming an adult. They also think drinking is not that bad because so many people do it. They feel it is not as bad as taking drugs (毒品). It is easy for kids to get liquor （酒精饮料）by using fake identification (伪造证件).Parents may start to notice a change in their child’s behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally liked to do. They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things. They act moody (喜怒无常) and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits.Parents need to stay involved (牵涉) in their kids’lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes.Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lot of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist（抵抗）doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking and driving. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows.Give the children good ideas on how to say “no”to drinking, even when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic (惊慌) if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews (宵禁令) and rules about parties or other events.1. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids have an early start of drinking?A. They want to show their maturity (成熟) by drinking alcohol.B. Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs.C. They are affected by many other people around them.D. They can get liquor easily.2.According to the passage, what changes may happen to the kids who start drinking?A. Nothing serious will happen to them.B. They keep the same eating and sleeping habits.C. They can control their moods quite well.。
An Existential Analysis of Catch-22 第二十二条军规赏析
An Existential Analysis of Catch-22ContentsAcknowledgements (i)Abstract(English) (ii)Abstract(Chinese) (iii)1. Introduction (1)1.1 Catch-22 (1)1.2 Writing Background (1)2. The Existentialism (2)2.1 “I think, so I a m” and “e x istence before essence” (2)2.2 The initiative of the soldiers (3)3. Free Choice (4)3.1 Orr (5)3.2 Yossarian (6)4. The Absurdity of the World (7)4.1 The Absolute power of the Bureaucracy (7)4.2 The Moral Insanity (8)4.3 The Inevitability of Death (9)5. Conclusion (10)Work Cited (12)AbstractThis paper is going to talk about the existentialism in Joseph Heller’s masterpiece Catch-22. As regards to the influence of existentialism on literature, Jean Paul Sartre’s theories are the one of the great significance, which is the main concern in this thesis.Joseph Heller (1923-1999) is one of the most representative writers of Black Humor, which forecasts the dominating of American post-modernism literature. The heart of Black Humor is the description of the absurdity of the world, which is also a doctrine of existentialism. So it is said that existentialism is one of the origins of Black Humor.In Catch-22, there are bounds of freedom and the struggles to get off from them, which is a main theme of the book. And as regard to Sartre’s existentialism, the central thought is the freedom to choose what one wants to be or to do, which agrees with the theme of Catch-22 above I have mentioned. So in this paper I just choose Sartre’s existentialist thoughts to analyze it, despite other existentialists. Existentialism is a different point of view to look at the traditional war-novel, from which I think a deeper and more theoretical criticism of the war as well as that of the world can be obtained.For the value of this paper, first of all, it will prove Catch-22 an existential novel. Both centered on the theme of freedom, this novel and existentialism share the same basis, so it’s natural to connect them together. Also, there is chapter four on absurdity to illustrate this point. Thirdly, I want to stress the subjectivity and advantages of existentialism. Although many people think it as superficial and spiritual, it stresses on humanism, paying attention to initiative and subjectivity, which are still hot centers of discussion till now.Key words: Catch-22;Existentialism; Free choice; Absurdity内容摘要约瑟夫·海勒的代表作《二十二条军规》中渗透着存在主义的思想,这也是本论文讨论的主旨所在。
英语中最常用短语
1. a bolt from the blue这条短语在所有讲英语的国家中使用得都很广泛。
而它的含义也正如其字面意义一样，不难理解。
bolt一词指的是霹雳，而blue则指碧蓝的天空，英语词典一般将其解释为：some thing sudden and unexpected，也就是“突如其来、始料不及”的意思。
在日常口语会话中，人们也常用out of来代替介词from。
如：we had been sure she was in chicago, so her sudden appearance was a bolt out of the blue。
我们大家都认定她现在在纽约，因此她的突然出现完全出乎我们的预料。
miss anne has just got her salary raised，so her decision to resign was a bolt from the blue.安妮小姐刚被提升了工资，所以她的辞职是我们始料不及的。
2.At sixes and sevens"I am at sixes and sevens about what to do." 根据上下文，你可能可以猜出这句话的大概意思—我心中七上八下，拿不定主意该怎么办。
原来我们中文里经常说的“七上八下”、“乱七八糟”“杂乱无章”在英文中却是“at sixes and sevens”(六上七下)。
别看“at sixes and sevens”这个短语乔叟时代就出现了，在当今的英语中它仍然十分活跃，在近期的新闻标题里屡屡可以看到这个短语的身影，例如："Phone Codes at Sixes and Sevens"; "Church of England at Sixes and Sevens over Child Communion."那么这个短语有什么来历呢？在相关的说法中，最有说服力的一种是说sixes and sevens和中世纪一种叫做"hazard"的掷骰游戏有关。
Butterfly Caught《折翅蝴蝶(2017)》完整中英文对照剧本
你们今天之所以坐在这里The reason you're sitting in this room today是因为你们想要知识和信心is because you want the knowledge and the confidence 以便某天站在一组制片人面前to stand in front of a team of producers能够说服他们and convince them你值得这个表演机会that you are worthy of the opportunity to act.如果你认为你确实值得If you think that you are indeed worthy,那你就找对了位置you're in the right place.我是说这就是机遇的源泉对吗?I mean, this is the epicenter of opportunity, right?它触手可及I-it's right outside that door.所以去抓住它So go get it.但稍等一下But wait a second.要带上捕捉器不是吗?Comes with a catch, doesn't it?所以说表演It just so happens that acting是世界上最糟糕的职业is the worst profession in the world除非你深爱着它unless you love it so much你愿为它牺牲一切that you're willing to sacrifice everything.我说的是全身心的投入同学们I'm talking about full commitment, people.生活没有彩排It is an existential act每天都是现场直播that defines every aspect of your life.只有两种可能的结果There are only two potential outcomes对于演员来说for you as an actor.要么你会成功One, you will succeed.很少有人知道我几乎没人知道...Few people know of me. Even less know...从此豪车代步红地毯铺路And you'll live that glamorous life of limos堆金积玉声名赫奕过上奢华的生活and red carpets and swag and fame将荧幕上的场景变为现实and bringing television and film to life一切都靠你的表演through your performance.要么...Or, two...你会放弃you'll quit.没错That's right.不幸的现实是你们中99％的人The unfortunate reality is that 99% of you将会带着未能实现的目标离开这个小镇will leave this town without accomplishing your goals. 我告诉你们这个I am not telling you this并不是让你们气馁相信我不不不to discourage you, believe me, no, no, no.没有什么能阻挡我我是一只黑鸟Nothing can stop me. I am a blackbird.娜奥米·贝克?Naomi Baker?我是要挑战你们I'm telling you this to challenge you,去施展去迎战to go out there and to hustle.在这座城市击败你之前击败它!Defeat this city before it defeats you!所有这一切的真正秘密...The real secret to all of this...是生存is survival.你能坚持胜过那个就坐在你旁边的人吗?Can you outperform and outlast that person sitting next to you? 准备好就开始Whenever you're ready.你准备好了吗?Are you ready?你准备好赢了吗? 好了吗?Are you ready to win? Are you?很好让我们开始吧Well, then, let's get started.那么特里你哪里人?So, Terry, where you from?怀俄明州长官Wyoming, sir.怀俄明?Wyoming?是的生在那长在那Yeah, born and raised.我估计你会在这工作And I suppose you chose to work out here.谁不想在这工作?Who wouldn't wanna work out here?你做警♥察♥多久了? - 六年How long you been a cop? - Six years.哇哦可能会有些很棒的故事吧Oh, wow, probably have some pretty good stories.实际上在这个小镇工作六年Actually, six years working in this town会让你觉得还不如留在怀俄明will make you wish you stayed in Wyoming.真的吗? 为什么这么说?Really? What makes you say that?看那些人了吗?See those people?现在你可能还看不到Now, you may not see that one thing有东西在等着他们可能是派对is waiting to get them, whether it be partying,毒品...drugs...或者性sex.你在这待得够久你也会陷进去You stick around long enough, that one thing will get you.那真是...令人沮丧That's, uh, depressing.嘿她是谁?Oh, hey. What's her story?她真可爱She is a cutie.打扰一下 - 去排队Excuse me. - End of the line.哦我在名单上艾尔莎·蒙哥马利Oh, I'm on the list. Elsa Montgomery.好吧All right.谢谢Thanks.乔!Joe!哦我的天! 嗨! 你成功了! 嘿!Oh, my God! Hi! You made it! Hey!这地方真够疯狂This place is absolutely crazy.是的你慢慢享受吧娜奥米这是艾尔莎Yeah, you came on a slow night. Naomi, this is Elsa.哦天啊嗨很高兴见到你Oh, my God, hi. Nice to meet you.所以你决定要做一名演员?So you decided to be an actress?为什么不试一试对吧? - 你和这里的每个人一样Why not give it a shot, right? - You and everybody else in here. 庆祝吧娜奥米来这里This calls for a celebration. Naomi, come here.好的为了艾尔莎... –为了江湖All right, to Elsa... - And to hell.人在江湖走哪能不喝酒May our stay there be as fun as our way there.谁?Who is it?等一下!Just a minute!I need more.我知道那感觉I know that feeling.昨晚真疯狂Last night was crazy.你留披肩发有一段时间了吧It's probably been a little while since you let your hair down. 是啊你是不知道Yeah, you have no idea.那张照片是什么?Mm. What's that picture all about?我不知道娜奥米说这很讽刺I don't know. Naomi has a thing for irony.你们想要讽刺的?You want irony?梅尔·布兰克兔八哥的配音Mel Blanc, the voice of Bugs Bunny,对胡萝卜过敏很讽刺was allergic to carrots, that's irony.慢用Enjoy.他认真的吗?Is he being serious?这取决于你如何定义“认真”That would depend on how you define "serious."让我猜一下你也是演员吗?Let me guess, you're an actor, too?当然不Absolutely not.表演很痛苦Acting is pain.你还不知道You have no idea你选择了什么路对吗?what you're getting yourself into, do you?别听他的 - 那么娜奥米的故事呢?Don't listen to him. - So what's Naomi story?她很可爱我是说有点狂热She's sweet. I mean, a tad intense.她能表演吗?嗯是的她很好Uh, yeah. She's good.“好”不足以解释"Good" does not explain it.人们称她为“机器”是有原因的There's a reason why people call her "the machine."机器为什么?The machine. Why?这个女孩就是一颗饱满的坚果The girl is a total health nut.她每天早上参加瑜伽课保持头脑清醒She starts every morning with a yoga session to clear her head, 打拳击来舒缓焦虑boxing to settle any anxiety.然后她慢跑研究她的台词Then she goes for a jog while studying her lines带着那个生锈的录音机toting this rusty tape recorder around.她甚至还抽出时间去看手相She even makes time to go and get her palm read.而且这个女孩自己做维生素I mean, the girl cooks her own vitamins.谁能做到?Who does that?她能完成心灵身体有氧运动和迷信She mixes mind, body, cardio, and superstition在大多数人早上起床以前before most people roll out of bed in the morning.哇哦 - 早安女士们Wow. - Good morning, ladies.孩子们 - 也爱你Children. - Love you, too.早安 - 那么我们新的满怀壮志的女演员Morning. - So, our new aspiring actress,你怎么支付账单? 你有工作吗?how do you pay the bills? Do you have a job?实际上我在《天使城记者》做实习Actually, I landed an internship at the Angel City Reporter.我想学一些那方面的业务I figure it wouldn't hurt to learn也不会有什么坏处that side of the business, too, so.如果你不介意你为什么这么晚开始?And why the late start, if you don't mind my asking?你不是和乔一起上的大学了吗?Didn't you and Joe go to college together?你说的是一起退学吧You mean dropped out of college together.我们是的只是生活后来有点复杂We did, life just got a little complicated.你可以说艾尔莎的生活出现了一些小插曲You could say that Elsa has faced her share of distractions.无论如何我现在在这里Regardless, I'm here now.所以你们两个已经表演一段时间了So you two have been acting for a while now.给我讲讲Break it down for me.给你讲讲? - 哦伙计来吧Break it down for you? - Oh, boy, here it comes.如果我们知道怎么讲就不会去调酒了If we knew how to break it down, we wouldn't be bartending.安东尼? 嘿Anthony? Hey.是的我快急死了有消息了?Yeah, I'm on pins and needles over here, any updates?是她的经纪人 - 哦It's her agent. - Oh.嗯哼Uh-huh.你在逗我吗?Are you shitting me?哦我的天谢谢你Oh, my God. Thank you.好的怎么了?Well, what is it?许多物种通过一种叫做变♥态♥的过程发育起来Numerous species develop through a process called metamorphosis. 这是希腊语意思是转型This is a Greek word that means transformation或改变形式or change in form.现在看到的这个蛹And the chrysalis seen here很快就会成为一只美丽的蝴蝶will soon be a beautiful butterfly.它会吗?Or will it?有趣的是只有约10％的蝶蛹Interesting fact, only about 10% of butterfly chrysalis 能在野外生存下来actually survive in the wild.但我发现更有趣的是But what I find even more interesting没有人去讨论蜕变过程中is that no one ever talks about the internal struggle 毛毛虫所做的挣扎a caterpillar faces during this process.看事实是毛毛虫从来不知道See, the truth is, a caterpillar never knows自己要变成一只蝴蝶在疑惑中it's going to be a butterfly, and during the confusion, 在这...蝶蛹的折磨中during the... torture inside this chrysalis实际上它确信自己的生命要结束了it's actually convinced that its life has come to an end. 但这小东西没有意识到But what this little one doesn't realize如果它能够承受这种痛苦is if it can just withstand the agony,如果它能克服这个过程产生的疑问if it can overcome the doubt of this process,它将实现它的目标it will achieve its objective,它将变成一只蝴蝶and it will transform into a butterfly.所以我想说毛毛虫多么好学啊...So I say to you, studious caterpillars...就像在生活中...Much like in life...只有执着才能实现梦想only the persistent will achieve.Any questions?真是一个美好的惊喜发生了什么?This is a nice surprise. What's going on?你看起来好像要发癫痫了You looked like you were about to have a seizure back there. 我拿到戏份了I got the part.你...你拿到戏份了You-- you got the part.是的 - 你...没骗人!Yeah. - You g-- no shit!没骗人! 没骗人! - 没骗人!No shit! No shit! - No shit!哦我的...哦天呐!Oh, my-- oh, my God!哦我的天! - 我们庆祝一下吧Oh, my God! - Let's celebrate.你带我去哪?Where are you taking me?呃我还不确定Uh, I'm not sure yet.哦我的天Oh, my God.哇Wow.天呐!Holy shit!这真美It's beautiful.不没有No, it's not.我从未见过这样的日落I've never seen the sunset like that.是的 - 它们真可爱Yep. - That's really cute.没有什么比喝香槟更能呼喊“庆祝”了Nothing screams "celebration" more than drinking champagne 还是塑料杯 - 那太可爱了out of plastic cups. - That's adorable.干杯干杯Cheers.这...这真是太糟糕了That-- that is really bad.好恶心It's disgusting.抱歉我没有更好的香槟了I'm sorry that I don't have a better champagne for this. 没关系That is fine.我们许下诺言吧... - 好的Let's make a promise... - Okay.山无棱天地合That no matter what happens,才敢与君绝we will stay faithful to each other,海枯石烂激♥情♥不断and we will drink shitty champagne out of plastic cups. 我承诺 - 干杯I promise. - Cheers.还是不好喝It's not better the second time.是的No.这太疯狂了It's just crazy.无数有才华的人都在那里All the countless talented people out there追逐着完全相同的梦想who are chasing the exact same dream.是啊但是你知道吗?Yeah, it is. But you know what?你做到了You did it.追逐结束了The chase is over.所有人都要死! 因为我们终被吞噬!Death to all! For we must fall!好吧那我怎么找工作?All right, so how do I book a job?你们怎么写简历的?How do you build a resume?哦这是挫折的开始Oh, here is where the frustration begins.这个过程以找经纪人开始和结束The process begins and ends with landing an agent.这是关键因素 - 好吧That's the key ingredient. - All right.但在你开始之前你必须要有敲门砖But before you do that, you have to have a good reel.好的我该怎么做?Okay, how do I do that?学生电影独♥立♥影片什么的You know, student films, indies, anything, really.成功并不意味着幸福但幸福意味着成功Success doesn't mean happiness. Happiness means success. 但在你做任何事之前But before you can do any of that,你必须要有SAG(电影演员公会)卡如果你没有you have to have your SAG card because most agents大多数经纪人不会考虑你won't consider you without one.好的那我如何获得SAG卡?Okay, so how do I get a SAG card?接合法的SAG演出商业广♥告♥或别的东西By booking a legitimate SAG gig, a commercial or something. 山姆很高兴见到你Sam, so great to see you.玛吉我讨厌你Maggie, I hate you.但事实是如果你没有SAG卡Remember, technically, you can't book any of those你也接不到角色without actually having your SAG card already.她说的对但是你尽力去做还是会有机会的She's right, but you do all that and you got yourself a shot. 晕了吗? - 完全的You confused yet? - Totally.好吧简单来说Okay, let me simplify it for you.如果你没有敲门砖你永远不会找到经纪人If you don't have a reel, you'll never get an agent.没有经纪人你不能接任何演出Without an agent, you can't book any gigs.如果你没接过演出If you never book a gig,你就拿不到SAG卡you won't ever get your SAG card.没有SAG卡意味着没有SAG工作No SAG card means no SAG jobs,没有SAG工作意味着你永远不会有一份体面的简历and no SAG jobs means you'll never have a decent resume. 回到原点 - 回到原点Back to square one. - Back to square one.所以实际上我无法完成任何事情So I can't actually accomplish anything在完成这件事以前?without already being accomplished?这就是悖论There's the rub.演员的第二十二条军规The actor's Catch-22.没有人一来到镇上就开始接戏And nobody walks into town and just starts booking.所以要谦卑 - 还有不要停止建立人脉So prepare to be humbled. - And don't stop networking,否则你最终会那样or else you'll end up like that.是啊顺便问一下他想要什么?Yeah, what's his deal, by the way?不要让我先说 - 好吧伙计们说吧Don't even get me started. - Okay, you guys, come on.达米恩心地善良Damien has a heart of gold.如果你知道了他的生活经历If you knew what he'd been through in life,你会更加同情他的 - 听起来他就像一只获救的狗you'd be more sympathetic. - He sounds like a rescued dog. 艾尔莎你根本不了解他Elsa, you don't even know him.而且本质上说我们甚至不是情侣And plus, you guys, technically, we're not even a couple.哦好吧如果你们不是情侣Oh, well, if you're not a couple,那你不会介意我给你安排约会吧then you won't mind if I set you up with someone. 哦好主意啊 -我没兴趣Ooh, now there's an idea. -I'm not interested.认真的?Really?乔? 你能听见我们吗?Joe? Can you hear us?是的嗨我在这Yeah, hi, I'm here.近况如何你还好吗?Give me an update. How are you?你接到你背台词的那个剧本了吗?Did you get that pilot you read for?呃没有妈妈我真的告诉过你了Uh, no, mom, I really told you,那是两个月前的事了that was like two months ago.那么...后来什么都没有?So... nothing then?呃还没有但是嗯我一直做得很好Uh, nothing yet. But, um, I am doing really well.这周我有两个非常大的试镜I have two really big auditions this week,所以祝我好运吧so cross your fingers.她应该尝试演一部肥皂剧She should try and get on one of those soap operas. 是啊是啊去接一部Yeah. Yeah, go get one of those.哦哦哦我和你♥爸♥爸最近看了一部Oh, oh, oh, your father and I saw that--抢劫银行的电影里面有个年轻的女演员that bank robbery movie with that young actress. 你比她漂亮多了You're much prettier than that girl.你应该参演那部电影You should've been in that movie.嗯呃...Well, uh...就像我说的一切很好like I said, things are great.我得走了好吗? 我爱你们I gotta go, okay? I love you guys.让我们知道近况我们爱你Keep us posted. We send our love.我们爱你宝贝We love you, honey.该死Bullshit.天啊God.哦该死Oh, shit.该死Shit.今天很有趣That was fun today.是的Yeah, it was.我们可以更频繁一点We could do that more often.好的我们可以Okay, let's do it.就只有我们两个人Like, just the two of us.持续地Consistently.没事了Never mind.不实际上我很想要你回答我No, actually, I do want a response from you. 我们算什么?What are we doing?你什么意思? - 你知道我的意思What do you mean? - You know what I mean. 不我不知道所以我才问你No, I don't. That's why am asking you.我觉得我们之间有一种特殊的东西I feel like we have something special here,我想知道你是否也有这种感觉and I want to know if you feel it, too.让我们只是尽情享乐Let's just agree to have our fun直到它不再有趣好吗?until it's not fun anymore, okay?你知道这听起来多冰冷吗?Do you have any idea how cold that sounds?你到底有没有听我说话?Are you even listening to me?我想告诉你我关心你I'm trying to tell you that I care about you.我原谅你了And I'm trying to spare you.原谅我? 为什么? 我什么都没做Spare me? From what? I have nothing going on.我甚至想过要暂停一段时间表演I've even thought about taking a break from acting for a little while. 你干什么?What are you doing?下去Get out.抱歉?Excuse me?下车乔Get out of the car, Joe.快他妈下车Get the fuck out of the car.你认真的?Are you serious?行Fine.见鬼你去哪了?Where the hell have you been?你接了决定一生的演出You booked the gig of a lifetime,你打算迟到吗?you decide to show up late?我感觉有点不舒服好吗?I was feeling a little sick, okay?你太紧张了You're nervous.安东尼放松我并不紧张Anthony, relax, I'm not nervous.他现在见你He'll see you now.她来了 - 你好There she is. - Hello.祝贺你娜奥米请坐Congratulations, Naomi. Please, have a seat.非常感谢您给我这个机会Thank you so much for this opportunity.这是必然It was a slam dunk.没有人像你那样准备充足而且自信No one came off as prepared and confident as you did. 而且我知道我需要一个特别的人And I knew I needed someone special,一个...一个不同的人someone-- someone different.您的肯定对我而言意味着很多That means so much coming from you.还有一些细节需要与工作室磋商There's still a few details to iron out with the studio, 但我们希望尽快开机but we're looking to start production right away.所以嗯...你还有问题吗?So, um... what do you say?你准备好拍电影了吗?You ready to make a movie?是的先生我准备好了Yes, sir. I'm ready.我选择了这样存在I chose this existence.而我即将开始的任务And the quest I'm about to embark on无法言表cannot be explained.没有什么能阻挡我我是一只黑鸟Nothing can stop me. I am the blackbird.但我能否在这污浊的世界独善其身?But will I choose good in this world full of evil?我能否忘记折磨我却也成就我的往昔?Can I forget the past that has tortured me and made me what I am today? 如果你在寻找一个英雄If it was a hero you were looking for,你可能想要继续寻找you may want to keep looking.我相信你脑海里会浮现一百万个问题I'm sure you have a million questions running through your head.我希望我们能做些什么I wish there were something we could do.我希望它更容易I wish it were easier.我应该告诉你我们的使命I should tell you the task we were given早已注定现在该你了was decided some time ago, and it now involves you.我们要去救一位救世主We were sent to save a Savior.让我看看那只手Let's see that hand of yours.嗯Mm.透过你的手掌If you look deeply into the palm of your hand,你可以看到几代祖先you'll see the generations of your ancestors,在这一刻他们都还活着and all of them are alive in this moment.每一个都存在于你的身体里Each is present in your body.你是他们每一个的延续You are the continuation of each of these people.有问题?Something wrong?不实际上没什么问题No. Nothing's wrong, actually.嗯...机遇找上了门Um... an opportunity's come to me.但我认为我看到了不同的东西I thought I saw something different.给我另一支啊是啊Gimme that. Ah, yes.你的前途确实看起来更广阔了Your outlook indeed looks more favorable.我可以在这看到I can see that right here.我能不能问一下你以前怎么看不到?If I may ask, how come you couldn't see that before?再问一次你的名字? - 娜奥米What's your name again? - Naomi.我窗户上的牌子上有写“算命”吗?Does the sign on my window say "fortune teller"?我们这个行业处理一个人的过去People in my profession deal with a person's past,他们的个性和经历their personality, their experiences.是的我明白了Yeah, I get that.我很抱歉如果我有点粗鲁了I'm sorry if I came off a little rude.你刚才的确不尊重你来这里寻求答案对吗?You were disrespectful. You're here for answers, right? 对是的 - 所以如果你质疑我的结论Yeah, I am. - So if you question my conclusions,也许你就不该来问perhaps you shouldn't ask.是的你是对的Yeah. Yeah, you're right.我...我下次再来I'll-- I'll see you next time.你是怎么做到的娜奥米?How do you do it, Naomi?这是我第一次试镜我现在慌得一批This is my first audition, and I am a nervous wreck.只是记得呼吸Just remember to breathe,做你自己掌控局面完事给我打电♥话♥ be yourself, own the room, and call me after.我想听听整个过程I want to hear all about it.我会的如果我可以避免惊恐发作I will if I can avoid having a panic attack.谢谢你为我引荐你的老广♥告♥经纪人And thanks for setting me up with your old commercial agent. 要不是你我不会有这个机会I wouldn't have this opportunity if it weren't for your help.我很乐意祝你好运My pleasure. Now go break a leg.谢谢再见 - 再见!Thanks, bye. - Bye!很好销♥售♥漱口水That's good, sell that mouthwash.漱口And gargle.吐掉很好Spit. Great.好的现在能给我们一个大大的微笑吗?Okay, now can you give us a big smile?很好太棒了很不错Great, awesome. That was good.现在你可以表现得更...兴奋一点吗?Now can you do it with a little more... excitement?吐掉Spit.好的给我们一个大大的微笑Okay, give us a big smile.很好好的就这样吧谢谢That was good. Okay, that's it, thanks.下一个Next.好的怎么样了?Okay, so how'd it go?我不知道I have no idea.我心里完全没谱I feel completely unsure about it.相信我干坐在那里等电♥话♥Honestly, you'll drive yourself crazy你会疯掉的if you're sitting around waiting for a phone call,所以我要告诉你忘了它so I would say just forget about it去做下一件事and move onto the next thing.我能问你件事吗?Can I ask you something?当然Sure.我知道我认识乔有一段时间了I know it's been a while since I've been around Joe, 但你知道她吸毒吗?but have you known her to do any drugs?没有比这更疯狂的了你为什么这么问?Nothing too crazy. Why do you ask?我发现了一些东西I found something.我是说虽然以前我经历过一些很沉重的事I mean, I've seen some heavy stuff before,但我从未见过这样的事but I've never seen anything like this.好吧嗯那我们怎么办?Okay, um, so what are we gonna do about it?我想该让乔转移一下注意力I think it's time I found Joe a distraction.我是艾尔莎This is Elsa.嗯哼Mm-hmm.是吗?Yeah?哦我的天Oh, my God.可以给我拿杯血腥玛丽吗?Can I have a bloody Mary, please?好没问题 - 谢谢Sure, no problem. - Thank you.你还好吗?You Okay?是啊还好Yeah. Fine.你知道你可以跟我说任何事情'Cause you know you can talk to me about anything. 你知道的对吗?You know that, right?Yeah. I know.哦天呐你们在这我有好多事要说Oh, my God, you guys. I've got a lot going on here.我要你们听好 - 好的I need your full attention. - Okay.显然我刚刚接到了商业广♥告♥Apparently, I just booked the commercial.哦我的天恭喜Oh, my God. Congratulations.谢谢! 我简直无法相信我的经纪人打电♥话♥通知我Thanks! I can't believe it. My agent called and everything.艾尔莎那真是太棒了–真是...Elsa, that's fantastic. - That's--我真为你感到高兴艾尔莎I'm really happy for you, Elsa.哦天呐这一切都发生得如此之快!Oh, my God, it's all happening so fast!我不知道会发生什么我很紧张I have no idea what to expect. I am so nervous.艾尔莎你还有别的事要说吗?Elsa, did you have another announcement to make?是啊是的我有Yeah, yes, I do.我希望你喜欢墨西哥菜小姐I hope you like Mexican food, young lady,因为我今晚为你安排了约会because I found you a date for tonight.我? - 是的你Me? - Yes, you.艾尔莎你为什么... 我没要你Elsa, why would you-- I didn't ask you给我安排任何人 - 来吧与我同乐to set me up with anybody. - Come on. Just entertain me.做点不同的事顺其自然Do something different. Be spontaneous.也许可以做♥爱♥哟Maybe even get laid.哦去吧乔会很有趣的Oh, come on, Joe, it'll be fun.为了我们大家我讨厌你们I hate you.太他妈蠢了So fucking stupid.兰迪?Randy?乔?Joe?嗯... - 是的Um... - Yeah.哇哦你看起来真棒Wow. You look great.嗯在线约会这种事Um, this whole, like, online dating thing 我完全是第一次is totally new to me.我也是第一次Me, too. First time.是啊我们叫服务员过来吧Yeah. Let's get a waiter over here.也许酒精可以舒缓气氛Maybe some alcohol might loosen us up. 其实我不喝酒Actually, I don't drink.好吧Right.哦!Oh!哦瞧Oh, boy.哦我想我们开局不顺Oh, I think we stumbled out of the gate. 嗯哼 - 可怜的乔Mm-hmm. - Poor Joe.一切还好吗?Everything okay?嗯是的对不起Um, yeah, sorry.所以你喜欢当警♥察♥? So you like being a cop?I do.你喜欢当演员吗?You like being an actress?嗯还不算Mm, not yet.(背景)你给我的假释官打电♥话♥?!You called my parole officer?!(背景)你一定要给我该死的假释官打电♥话♥么You had to call my fucking parole officer.你怎么找到这个地方的?Where did you find this place?我知道这有点偏I know it's a little bit off the beaten path,但请相信我等你尝尝这里的食物but trust me, but wait till you try the food.非常棒It's amazing.请给我一杯玛格丽特不加盐I'll have a margarita, please, no salt.我不要谢谢I'm fine, thanks.呃格外烈 - (背景)我在这里已经两年了!Uh, extra strong. - I've been here two years!谢谢 - (背景)该死!Please. - This is bullshit!(背景)他妈的两年了!Two fucking years!那么...说说你吧?So... what's your story?为什么不先说说你呢? 你结过婚吗?Why don't we start with you? Have you ever been married? 几乎Almost.你有孩子吗?Do you have kids?没有孩子No kids.谁是你最喜欢的演员?Who is your favorite actor?呃...哦范·迪塞尔太失败了Oh, Vin Diesel. Crash and burn.该死!Damn it!你确定一切都好吗?Are you sure everything's okay?嗯...对不起Um... sorry.看我不想让你扫兴Look, I don't want to upset you,但这整件事真的是一个莫大的错误but this whole thing was really sort of a big mistake.我想我们最好...I think it might be better if we just--(背景)操!Fuck this!(背景)没错混♥蛋♥!That's right, motherfucker!所有人都他妈蹲下! - 无论怎样不要站起来Everybody get the fuck down! - Do not get up for any reason.我要所有人看见我要给你们上一课I want everyone to see this. I'm going to teach you a lesson.如果是我就不会那么做 - 什么...操!I wouldn't do that. - What-- fuck!快他妈退后 - 杀了他你死定了Back the fuck up. - You kill him, you die.你♥他♥妈♥是谁警♥察♥? - 你为什么这么做? The fuck are you, a cop? - Why are you doing this?这个混♥蛋♥告诉我的假释官This motherfucker called my parole officer.说我偷东西我他妈根本没有!Told him I was stealing. I didn't do shit!如果你什么都没做我们可以解决问题If you didn't do anything, then we can work this out.放下枪 - 不我要弄死他Put the gun down. - No, man. I gotta end this.你叫什么名字? - 你♥他♥妈♥退后!What's your name? - Man, back the fuck up!你的青铜星是什么?What did you get a bronze star for?你说什么? - 你手臂上的青铜星What'd you say? - The bronze star on your arm.你是海军陆战队员对吗? 所以你是英雄?You're a Marine, right? So you're a hero?伙计这他妈关你什么事?Man, what the fuck do you care?我把枪放下好吗?I'm putting my gun down, all right?因为拿枪指着老兵并不酷对吗?Because I'm not cool pointing my gun at a vet, okay?你太他妈蠢了你知道吗?You're fucking stupid, you know that?也许但我今天不要杀任何人Maybe, but I ain't killing nobody today.你也不要And you aren't either.你听到了吗?You hear that?你还有30秒不然就真有麻烦了I'd say you got about 30 seconds before you have a real problem. 放了他Let him go.门在那There's the door.你还好吗?You Okay?喔!Whoa!他真不错That was a good one.太疯狂了This is crazy.我不知道你怎么想?So I don't know, what you think?我是说他就像有点呆头呆脑的I mean, he's, like, kind of a square,但有点可爱对吧?but sort of cute, right?是啊我想艾尔莎给你找对人了Yeah, I think that Elsa may have found you a winner.但愿吧。
英语作文你大学毕业选择的第二工作
英语作文你大学毕业选择的第二工作全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Second Job After College GraduationHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm going to tell you all about the second job I got after finishing college. I was super excited to start working in the real world after spending so many years studying hard and getting good grades.When I first graduated, I took a job at a big corporation doing marketing and analytics. It was a cool job and I learned a lot, but after a couple of years I started feeling like I wanted to try something different. The office routine was getting a bit boring and I wanted more of a challenge.That's when I decided to look for a new opportunity that would allow me to use my creative skills more. I've always loved coming up with ideas and building things from scratch. After lots of searching and interviewing, I was offered an amazing role at a tech startup in the heart of Silicon Valley!The startup is developing really neat artificial intelligence software to help businesses automate tasks and work moreefficiently. My job is to come up with new product ideas and features that we can build into the AI system. It's such a fun gig because every day is different and I get to exercise my imagination.A typical day for me usually starts with a team meeting where we discuss the latest progress on our product roadmap. I'll share some of the new concepts I've been dreaming up and get feedback from the engineers and designers. We'll debate the pros and cons of different approaches and decide which ideas are worth pursuing further.After the meeting, I'll spend most of my day just thinking, sketching, and prototyping. I'll research the latest AI trends and capabilities to understand what's possible. Then I'll start playing around with wireframes and basic code to model how a new feature could work. It's like being an inventor!Sometimes I have to present my proposals to the company leadership team to get their blessing before we can start official development. I've gotten pretty good at creating slick slide decks that sell the vision and convince everyone that my ideas are awesome. Public speaking used to make me super nervous but now I enjoy it.The best part is when we actually start building one of my concepts and release it to our customers. It's so gratifying to see something I dreamed up become a real product that's helping businesses work smarter. And we always get such positive feedback and reviews from clients who love our AI.Working at a startup is not all fun and games though. There's a ton of hard work, long hours, and occasional stressful crunch periods. Since we're a small team, I sometimes have to pitch in on other tasks beyond just product strategy. Whether it's helping to demo the AI for potential customers, writing website copy, or organizing a company off-site, I have to be ready to wear different hats.The lifestyle is also pretty intense compared to the corporate 9-to-5 existence. We frequently work nights and weekends when we're close to shipping major releases. And being in Silicon Valley means the cost of living is insane - a tiny apartment here costs as much as a mansion back where I grew up!But at the end of the day, I absolutely love my job and wouldn't want it any other way. Sure, the pay and benefits were better at the big corporation. But this opportunity gives me a level of creativity, ownership, and potential impact that could never happen at an established company. If our AI productsreally take off, I'll have played a key role and could get ridiculously rich from my stock options!Most importantly though, I feel like I'm doing work that genuinely matters and improves people's lives. The AI we're building is groundbreaking stuff that could massively boost productivity and innovation across all sectors of the economy. Humanity is awful at prioritizing and Elon Musk says we face an existential risk of being outpaced by artificial superintelligence. So in a small way, I like to think I'm helping to ensure that AI systems remain under human control for the benefit of society.Phew, okay I've rambled on enough! I hope you enjoyed learning about my awesome second career. If you work really hard in school, maybe you could land a cool job like this after college too. Just follow your passion, think big, and never stop being creative! Thanks for reading, catch you later!篇2My Second Job After College!Hey there! My name is Tommy and I'm going to tell you all about the super cool job I got after finishing college. Getting that first job was really exciting, but this second one has been even better!So after I graduated from university with my degree in marine biology, I landed my first job working at an aquarium. It was a dream come true for me because I've always loved fish, sharks, whales and all the other amazing creatures that live in the ocean. At the aquarium, my job was to help take care of the animals, give tours to visitors, and teach kids about ocean life through fun activities and games. I really enjoyed it, but after a couple of years I was ready for a new challenge.That's when I saw a listing for this awesome job working on a research boat! A big organization was looking for marine biologists to go out to sea and study whales, dolphins and other whales in their natural environment. I applied right away and was superrr excited when they chose me for the job!My first trip out on the research boat was absolutely incredible. We spent weeks sailing around looking for whales and dolphins. Whenever we spotted some, we'd get closer (but not too close!) and make observations about their behavior, what they were eating, how they interacted with each other, and more. We even got to take some small samples of stuff like skin cells to study back at the lab.One of the most amazing experiences was when we saw a huge pod of dolphins all swimming and jumping together. Theremust have been at least 100 of them! We watched as they played and hunted fish. Some even did cool tricks like flipping up into the air. I'll never forget that day.But working on the boat isn't all fun and games. Sometimes the weather gets really bad with huge waves and fierce winds. Once we even got caught in the middle of a powerful storm! The boat was rocking back and forth violently and I got pretty seasick. It was definitely scary, but our experienced crew was able to get us through it safely.When we're not out at sea, I work at the research center on land. We analyze all the data and samples we collected during the trips. It's not as exciting as being out on the ocean, but it's still really interesting. In the lab, we study things like whale feeding behaviors, migratory patterns, population numbers and more. We even get to listen to recordings of their amazing whale songs!The goal of our research is to learn as much as possible about whales, dolphins and other marine life. With this knowledge, we can better protect them and their habitats from dangers like pollution, overfishing, and climate change. I feel really good knowing that my work is helping these incredible animals.Some days this job can be tiring or monotonous. Staring through binoculars for hours looking for a fin to break the surface gets old. And documenting our observations can mean entering tons of data and writing really long reports. But you know what? I wouldn't trade it for anything! Getting to explore the vast ocean and interact with marine life in their natural environment is a dream come true.I've already had so many unforgettable experiences in this job, with plenty more to come I'm sure. Who knows, maybe I'll even get to swim with a whale shark one day! I feel so lucky and grateful to work in such an amazing field. I can't wait to see what other adventures are in store.Well, thanks for reading about my excellent second job! I probably went on too long like I always do when I talk about ocean life. But I just get so excited, you know? Anyway, I better stop here before this turns into a book. See you next time! Hopefully I'll have some more epic whale tales to share.篇3My Second Job After College GraduationHi there! My name is Timmy and I just finished college last year. I studied really hard and got my degree in Engineering. Itwas a lot of work but I'm super proud that I stuck with it. My parents were very happy too when I walked across the stage at graduation.After college, my first job was working at a big engineering firm downtown. It was a nice office with lots of cubicles and computers everywhere. I had to wear a suit and tie every day which felt silly at first. But I got used to dressing up for work.My job was designing roads and bridges using special computer programs. It was kinda boring to be totally honest. I just stared at a screen all day moving lines around to make the roads curve nicely. I didn't get to actually build anything which was a bummer.The worst part was my mean boss Tony. He would walk by my desk all grumpy, drinking his super black coffee. If I made even a tiny mistake he would yell at me in front of everyone. Once he made me redo a whole week's work because I misplaced a decimal point! His face would get all red and I thought he might pop a vein or something. It was very scary.After a year of dealing with Tony and doing the boring road designs, I decided to quit. I wanted a job where I could be creative and hands-on instead of stuck at a desk. So I put in mytwo weeks notice and thought really hard about what path to take next.That's when I remembered my favorite high school class - woodshop! I loved working with my hands to build cool things out of wood back then. And my projects always ended up looking so beautiful and useful. Plus my woodshop teacher Mr. Jenkins was really nice and encouraging, the total opposite of mean old Tony.With that in mind, I decided my second job would be as a carpenter! I could build houses, furniture, cabinets - you name it. And I'd get to put on a toolbelt instead of a suit. It sounded like a much better fit for my skills and interests compared to office engineering.I searched around until I found a great carpentry company that was hiring apprentices. At the interview, they tested my skills by having me measure boards, saw them to size, and build a little bench. It was so much fun! I didn't want it to end. The head carpenter there named Jose could tell how eager I was, so he hired me on the spot.My first day as a carpenter was awesome. Jose gave me a toolbelt fully stocked with all the tools I'd need - a hammer, wrenches, screwdrivers, a level, and more. I felt like a real procarrying it around. We drove out to a job site where they were framing up a new house.Jose showed me the blueprints and then it was time to get to work. We measured out the floor, mapped out where the walls would go, and started pounding in nails. I got to use an electric nail gun which was SO COOL. It made me feel like I was in an action movie, minus the explosions of course.By lunchtime, the whole floor frame had taken shape. We could walk around inside the outline of rooms and I could imagine families living there someday. Jose complimented me on my handiwork so far. My face turned beat red but I was beaming with pride inside.After our sandwich break, we started putting up the wall frames. This part was trickier since we had to join the frames together perfectly at the corners. But Jose was a great teacher and walked me through it step-by-step. By the end of the day, you could clearly see the shape of the living room, kitchen, bedrooms, and more. It was like a life-size 3D puzzle coming together thanks to our hard work.On the drive back, I was dead tired. My arms were sore from all the hammering and lifting heavy boards. But it was totally worth it to me. Way better than being cooped up at a computerall day like at my old job. I couldn't wait to wake up and get back to the site to keep building.The rest of my first week as a carpenter trainee flew by fast. We enclosed the house with exterior walls, then raised the bare roof frame overhead. By Friday, you could really picture the finished home inside and out. I felt such a sense of accomplishment helping to construct it board by board.Every day I learned something new from Jose too. How to measure on a angle properly using complicated geometry. How to countersink nails so they sat flush in the wood. What different wood types and stains look best for interior versus exterior. Jose was a walking encyclopedia when it came to carpentry knowledge and tricks of the trade. I soaked it all up like a sponge, determined to get as good as him someday.The best part was escaping the indoors and getting to work under the warm sun all day. We could crank up the radio playing all the latest hits while we worked too, which beats weird office muzak any day. Sawdust in my hair and smelling like fresh-cut wood when I got home became the new normal. So much better than being holed up in a stuffy cubicle!On Saturdays, Jose would take me and the other apprentices to Lowe's or Home Depot. We'd walk the aisles picking out wood,tools, hardware, anything we needed to start new jobs the following week. I loved nerding out over all the merchandise and deciphering all those sku numbers and product details. It felt like being a kid in a candy store for carpentry lovers.Some jobs after the house framing focused more on finer interior work. One week we built custom cabinets and bookshelves for a kitchen remodel. Another time we fabricated window frames and siding for an exterior renovation. Whenever I got stuck on tricky cuts or measurements, Jose was there to patiently unstick me.No two days were ever the same with this carpenter gig. Maybe in the morning I'd be assembling a porch railing and by afternoon we'd get started on a built-in entertainment center. The variety of projects kept me on my toes and rapidly expanding my skills.As the months went by, Jose started letting me take the lead on smaller jobs like utility sheds or decks. He'd give advice here and there, but for the most part I got to strategize the build process myself start to finish. It was incredibly fulfilling bringing my solo plans to life using every trick Jose taught me. Like a dense jigsaw puzzle finally clicking into place.Whenever we wrapped a big project, Jose would call a team meeting. We'd gather the whole crew, and he'd hand out envelopes with our paycheck for that job. But his real payment was the words of praise he congratulated us with first. Hearing Jose call me "a natural" at this line of work made me blush though my scruffy carpenter's beard. I was working harder than ever before, but it felt tremendously rewarding. No more boredom or grumpy boss giving me grief like my old engineering office.These days as an experienced carpenter, I've started looking into someday owning my own contracting company. Jose is even teaching me the business side like estimating costs for clients, securing permits, hiring workers, and more. I'd get to assemble my own dream team of carpenters and tackle exciting new builds together. The thought of being my own boss instead of answering to someone like grumpy Tony again is very motivating.Who knows, maybe I'll own a big construction empire one day! Or maybe I'll keep it small doing custom carpentry projects that get my creative juices flowing. Either way, I'm so glad I took the risk to change paths and pursue this hands-on career I'm truly passionate about. No office cubicle could ever make mehappier than strapping on a toolbelt each morning and getting to build something new from scratch all day. Woodshop was definitely my favorite class for good reason!篇4Here's an essay of around 2000 words, written in the voice of an elementary school student, about your second job after graduating from university. The language used is English.My Big New Job After CollegeHi there! My name is Tommy, and I'm 10 years old. I just finished 4th grade, and I can't wait for summer vacation! But before we get to that, I wanted to tell you all about the super cool job my big brother got after he graduated from college.My brother's name is Jake, and he's 23 years old. He went to a really good university and studied something called "computer science." I'm not really sure what that is, but I know it has to do with computers and coding and stuff like that. Jake is really smart when it comes to technology.After he finished college last year, Jake was looking for a job. He had a few interviews, but he didn't really like the first job he was offered. It was at this big company that made computer programs, but Jake said the work didn't seem very interesting.Then, one day, Jake got a call from this other company called "TechnoFun." They make all sorts of really cool games and apps for phones and tablets and computers. Jake was so excited because he loves playing video games and using apps.Jake had to go in for an interview at TechnoFun. He was really nervous, but he also felt really prepared because of all the projects he had worked on in college. Jake told me that in the interview, they asked him lots of questions about coding and problem-solving. They even had him do a little test to see how good he was at writing code!A few days later, Jake got a call saying that TechnoFun wanted to hire him! He was going to be a "software engineer," which is someone who designs and builds apps and video games. Jake was over the moon!His first day at TechnoFun was so cool. They gave him his own desk and a really fancy computer. Jake said the office was amazing – they had video game stations set up everywhere, and there were even rooms just for playing games and testing out new apps!Jake's job is to work with a team of other software engineers to create new games and apps. He has to write lots of code and figure out how to make the games run smoothly and lookawesome. Sometimes, he even gets to play the games they're working on to test them out and make sure they're fun.One of the first projects Jake worked on was a new racing game for phones and tablets. He helped design the tracks and the different cars you could drive. He also had to code all the mechanics of the game, like how the cars would handle turning and accelerating.After months of hard work, the racing game was finally finished and released to the public. Jake was so proud when he saw people downloading and playing the game he had helped create.But Jake's job isn't all just playing games – there's a lot of hard work involved too. Sometimes, he has to work really long hours to meet deadlines. And when there are bugs or glitches in the games, Jake and his team have to work really hard to fix them.Even though the work can be challenging, Jake absolutely loves his job at TechnoFun. He gets to work on something he's really passionate about – making awesome games and apps that people will enjoy. And the best part? Sometimes, the company even lets him take home early versions of the games to play and test out!I think it's so cool that my big brother gets to have such a fun job. Who knows, maybe one day I'll follow in his footsteps and become a software engineer too! For now, though, I'm just excited for summer vacation so I can play all the games Jake brings home from work.That's the story of my brother's big new job after college. Isn't it awesome? I'm so proud of him and all the hard work he's doing. Maybe you can be a software engineer too when you grow up!篇5My Second Job After CollegeHi, my name is Billy and I just graduated from college! I studied really hard for four whole years to get my degree. Now I have to find a job to start my career. But which job should I choose?My first job out of college was working at the campus bookstore. I liked that job because I could be around books all day and meet the students coming in to buy their textbooks. The managers were really nice too. But it didn't pay that much, and I want to make more money now that I'm a grown up with a degree.I've been looking online and there are SO many jobs to pick from! It's kind of overwhelming. My parents keep bugging me to find something in my field of study, which was business management. They want me to get an office job at some big corporation and work my way up over time. That does sound like a good idea for making lots of money eventually.But part of me really wants an exciting and fun job, at least for a little while before I get too old and have to get serious. Some of my friends have really cool jobs - like Dave is working at an outdoor adventure company, taking people on hiking and camping trips. And Sarah is a coach at a kid's sports camp over the summers. Those sound like such fun ways to spend your days! I'm really active and like being outside, so maybe I should look for something like that.Then again, I could just stay working at the bookstore for another year to get some more experience on my resume. Or I could move back home with my parents for a bit and not pay rent while I take some extra classes to get certified in a specialized skill. That might help me get a better job offer down the road.There's also the option of just taking some random job for now, just to start making money and gaining work experiencewhile I figure out what I really want to do long-term. My uncle owns a construction company and said I could join one of his work crews if I want. That would be pretty physical labor though, and probably get boring after awhile.Oh man, I just don't know what to do! There are so many paths I could take. Part of me is tempted to just keep studying and go to graduate school. But then I'd just be a struggling student again instead of making a real income. Why did growing up have to become so complicated?My college advisor said I should make a pros and cons list for each job possibility. That's a good idea, I'll try that. Hmm okay, for an outdoor adventure job the pros would be:Get to be active outside every dayMeet new interesting peopleTravel to amazing nature locationsFun and exciting work environmentAnd the cons would be:Seasonal job, may need to find something else for part of the yearProbably doesn't pay that wellLots of responsibility for keeping people safeHaving to sleep in tents and camps instead of a real bedFor a corporate office job, the pros might be:Stable employment and incomeOpportunities for advancementCan gain marketable skillsNormal work hours and weekends offAnd cons:Probably pretty boring desk jobDealing with office politicsHaving to dress up in suitsGetting stuck in a tiny cubicleGahh this is so hard! No matter what I'll be giving some things up. There's no perfect job that has everything. And I'll probably change careers a bunch of times before I'm old anyway.You know what, I think I'll just go with my gut instinct for now. I really want to do something fun and outdoorsy while I'm still young and don't have too many responsibilities tying medown yet. So I'm gonna try to get a job at that adventure company Dave works for! If it doesn't work out, I can always come back and get an office job later. But at least I'll have given my youthful adventurous side a fair chance first.Wish me luck! I'll let you know how my second job out of college turns out. I'm sure it's just the first step in what will be a long, winding career path. The future may be uncertain, but that's what makes it an adventure! I've got my whole life ahead of me to figure it all out.。
你夜里醒来后想到的第一件事情550字英语作文
你夜里醒来后想到的第一件事情550字英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Endless Wanderings of the Night MindIt's 3am and I'm wide awake, staring blankly at the ceiling. My mind starts racing despite my exhaustion, careening from one random thought to the next like a pinball machine gone haywire. I try in vain to catch the elusive thread of sleepiness that was there just moments ago, but it has now completely slipped away, leaving me trapped in the disorienting twilight zone between sleep and wakefulness.And so the nightly routine begins - the endless cycle of tossing, turning, rearranging pillows, checking the time on my phone (and instantly regretting that move as the bright light sears my retinas). I replay conversations from the day in my head, cringe at awkward moments, rehash arguments and think of all the clever retorts I wish I'd delivered in the heat of the moment.My mind drifts to assignments and tests looming menacingly on the horizon like ominous storm clouds. I make mental to-do lists, outlining all the work I need to get done,color-coded by priority and due date. But in the still silence of the early morning, even the most innocuous tasks take on a sense of colossal importance that feels utterly overwhelming. The pressure mounts as I convince myself that failing to complete even the smallest item will lead to imminent academic ruin and the shattering of all my lofty dreams for the future.Then just as quickly, my thoughts careen in the opposite direction down a winding path of whimsical fancy. Maybe I'll win the lottery and retire to a private island at 25. Or finally buckle down and write that novel that's been percolating in the back of my mind for years. I laugh to myself imagining the lavish success that surely awaits my fledgling artistic endeavors. Bestseller lists, movie deals, of course I'll win the Nobel Prize for Literature down the line. That's just how visionary talents like myself are destined to shake out, isn't it?Delusions of grandeur quickly give way to more existential musings. What is my purpose in this vast, unknowable universe? Am I truly in control of the direction of my life, or is it all an elaborate illusion, simply going through the motions on a preordained track? These weighty conundrums soon devolve into a YouTube rabbit hole about conspiracy theories and the Illuminati's grip on world events. Two hours later, I'vetranscended into a realm of metaphysical uncertainty where literally anything seems possible if you just keep an open mind, man.At some point in these restless mental journeys, hunger inevitably starts gnawing at me. I try to calculate how many hours until an acceptable breakfast time, weighing the pros and cons of just getting up to eat now versus trying to force myself back to sleep for a couple more fitful hours of rest. Part of me wistfully recalls the simplicity of childhood, where my only concerns upon waking were putting on my favorite dinosaur footie pajamas and blissfully devouring a giant bowl of sugary cereal while watching cartoons for hours on end.Eventually, I hear the first chirps of morning birds beginning their melodic reverie outside my window, pulling me back to the present moment. I glance at the clock - 6:17am. Is it even worth trying to go back to sleep at this point or should I just embrace being an upright human for the day? The existential weight of such a decision is too much for my addled, sleep-deprived brain to process.In the end, I simply surrender to the hazy delirium, letting my mind follow wherever it wishes to wander until the rising sun finally gives me permission to greet the new day. Maybe I'll havea productive morning after getting such an early start. Or maybe I'll just nap on the couch for a few hours after class. Only time will tell where this stream of consciousness decides to take me next in its endless nighttime meanderings.篇2The Existential Dread of 3AMIt's the dead of night and I jolt awake, my heart pounding. Looking at the red numbers glaring from my nightstand, I see it's 3:17am. I try to go back to sleep but my mind is racing now. Why am I awake? What was I dreaming about? Is there some deep existential crisis my subconscious is trying to reveal to me?As I lie there staring at the ceiling, the worries start creeping in one by one. I think about that paper that's due next week that I haven't even started. I'm definitely going to fail that class. And if I fail, I'll lose my scholarship. Without my scholarship, how will I afford tuition? I'll be drowning in student loan debt for the rest of my life. I'll never be able to move out of my parents' basement.My thoughts start spiraling from there. I'm 22 years old and still live at home. All my friends have apartments and real adult jobs. What's wrong with me? Why can't I get my life together? I'llbe a failure forever, working some dead-end job, never amounting to anything.Then I start thinking about the state of the world - the looming climate catastrophe, the uncertainties of thepost-pandemic era, the threat of war and unrest. How can I ever expect to buy a house or have a family when the future looks so bleak? Maybe it's better if I just never have kids so I don't force them to inherit this mess of a planet.By now, I've worked myself up into a full-blown panic. I try to calm myself down but my heart is still racing. I reach for my phone to try distracting myself but then I spiral about my smartphone addiction. I try reading but I can't concentrate on the words. I toss and turn, becoming increasingly tangled in my sheets which starts to feel like the weight of the world is smothering me.After what feels like an eternity of frantic rumination, I finally start to drift back to sleep around 5am. My alarm goes off at 7 and I groggily get ready for my 8am class, still weighed down by the existential dread of my 3am crisis. As I survive the day in篇3The Wandering Mind in the NightAs a student, my nights are often restless. My mind races with thoughts about upcoming exams, essays due soon, or that confusing math concept I can't quite grasp. The weight of academic pressure can feel suffocating at times, and when I wake up in the middle of the night, it's like my brain has been lying in wait, ready to pounce with its relentless worries.Last night was no exception. I jolted awake at 3:17 am, my heart pounding as if I had just run a marathon. For a few disorienting moments, I couldn't remember where I was or what had woken me up. Then, like a tidal wave, the thoughts came crashing in: the English literature paper I had to turn in next week.I had been procrastinating on that assignment for far too long, always finding excuses to push it aside in favor of more immediate tasks or mindless distractions. But now, in the stillness of the night, my literary analysis loomed larger than ever, a formidable opponent that I could no longer ignore.As I lay there, staring at the ceiling, my mind began to race through the various themes, symbols, and motifs I needed to explore. I mentally retraced the plot, trying to piece together the threads of deeper meaning woven throughout the novel. But themore I thought about it, the more tangled and convoluted everything became.Was the protagonist's journey truly a metaphor for the human condition, or was I reading too much into it? Did the recurring imagery of water symbolize the ebb and flow of life, or was it just a stylistic choice by the author? The questions multiplied, breeding more uncertainty with each passing minute.I tossed and turned, desperately trying to organize my thoughts into a coherent thesis statement, but they scattered like leaves in the wind. Suddenly, the task that had seemed manageable during the day had transformed into an insurmountable obstacle, a literary Everest that I didn't have the equipment or experience to conquer.As the night wore on, my anxiety only intensified. I imagined my professor's stern gaze as she read my subpar paper, her disappointment palpable. I envisioned the terrible grade that would undoubtedly follow, potentially jeopardizing my chances of getting into the graduate program I had dreamed of.By the time the first rays of dawn peeked through my curtains, I was a sweaty, tangled mess of sheets and self-doubt. Sleep had long since abandoned me, leaving me exhausted and emotionally drained.It was in that moment that I realized the true weight of being a student. It's not just about attending classes, taking notes, and regurgitating information on exams. It's about constantly questioning yourself, your abilities, and your worth. It's about navigating the treacherous waters of self-imposed pressure and societal expectations, all while trying to stay afloat amidst the currents of assignments, deadlines, and potential failure.As the sun rose higher in the sky, I forced myself out of bed, my mind still a whirlwind of conflicting thoughts and unresolved anxieties. But deep down, I knew that this was just another hurdle, another obstacle to overcome on the long, winding road of academia.With a steaming cup of coffee in hand, I sat down at my desk, the blank document on my computer screen mocking me. But this time, instead of succumbing to the fear and doubt, I took a deep breath and began to write.One word at a time, one sentence after another, I poured my thoughts onto the page, letting the ideas flow freely, without judgment or self-criticism. It wasn't perfect, but it was a start – a small victory in the face of the endless challenges that come with being a student.And as I hit the submit button, sending my literary analysis off into the digital ether, I couldn't help but feel a sense of accomplishment, however fleeting it might be. Because at the end of the day, that's what being a student is all about: embracing the struggle, conquering the fears, and emerging on the other side, a little wiser, a little stronger, and ready to tackle the next challenge that awaits.。
假如世界上只剩下一只恐龙英语作文
假如世界上只剩下一只恐龙英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1If There Was Only One Dinosaur Left in the WorldHave you ever imagined what it would be like if dinosaurs still roamed the Earth today? Well, I certainly have spent a lot of time daydreaming about encountering those magnificent prehistoric creatures. After all, who hasn't been fascinated by dinosaurs at some point in their childhood? I can vividly recall spending hours poring over dinosaur books, marveling at the illustrations of the giant beasts that once ruled our planet.Even now, as I've grown older, the thought of a real-life dinosaur still fills me with a sense of awe and wonder. Can you imagine how incredible it would be to come face-to-face with a towering Tyrannosaurus Rex or a long-necked Brachiosaurus? Just picture being able to witness these incredible animals in the flesh, rather than simply seeing them depicted in books or museums.But what if there was just a single dinosaur species left on Earth? How would we, as the human race, react and respond tothat situation? I've spent countless hours pondering this very scenario, and I can't help but feel a mixture of excitement and trepidation at the prospect.On one hand, the existence of even one living dinosaur would be an absolute scientific marvel. Imagine the endless opportunities for research and study that such a discovery would present! Paleontologists and biologists from all over the world would undoubtedly flock to observe and learn from this living, breathing piece of prehistory. We could gain unprecedented insights into the behavior, physiology, and evolution of these ancient creatures that have long been extinct.At the same time, the presence of a dinosaur in the modern world would undoubtedly pose significant challenges and risks. These animals were built for a very different environment than the one we currently inhabit, and their sheer size and power could potentially make them incredibly dangerous, especially if they felt threatened or encountered humans unexpectedly.If such a situation were to arise, I can only imagine the intense debates and discussions that would ensue. Should we attempt to capture and contain the dinosaur for study, or would it be better to observe it from a safe distance in its natural habitat? How would we ensure the safety of both the dinosaurand the human population? These are just a few of the complex ethical and logistical questions that would need to be addressed.Personally, I can't help but feel a twinge of sadness at the thought of there being just a single dinosaur left on Earth. These creatures were once so numerous and diverse, dominating the planet for millions of years. To have only one remaining representative of such an incredible lineage would be both awe-inspiring and heartbreaking.Perhaps, in this hypothetical scenario, the existence of the lone dinosaur could serve as a powerful reminder of the fragility of life on our planet and the importance of conservation efforts. After all, the dinosaurs' eventual extinction was likely caused by a catastrophic event beyond their control. Couldn't the same fate potentially befall us if we're not careful stewards of our environment?Imagine the sense of responsibility and stewardship that would come with being the custodians of the last living dinosaur. We would have an obligation to protect and preserve this ancient creature, ensuring its safety and well-being for as long as possible. In a way, it could become a symbol of hope – a living testament to the resilience of life and the importance of safeguarding our planet's biodiversity.Of course, this is all purely hypothetical speculation. The odds of a living dinosaur surviving to the present day are infinitesimally small. But that doesn't make the thought experiment any less fascinating or thought-provoking.In the end, whether there's one dinosaur left or none at all, these incredible creatures will forever hold a special place in our collective imagination. They represent a time when nature was truly at its most wild and untamed, a reminder of the incredible diversity of life that has graced our planet over the eons.So, the next time you find yourself daydreaming about encountering a Tyrannosaurus Rex or a Triceratops, take a moment to appreciate the wonder and mystery of these ancient beings. And who knows? Maybe, just maybe, there's still a chance that one of them is out there, waiting to be discovered and marveled at once again.篇2If There Was Only One Dinosaur LeftCan you imagine a world where dinosaurs still roamed the Earth? Where the mighty Tyrannosaurus Rex stalked its prey across vast plains and the long-necked Brachiosaurus grazed on the tops of trees? For millions of years, these incredible creaturesdominated the planet until a catastrophic asteroid struck, leading to their extinction 66 million years ago. But what if, by some miracle, a single dinosaur managed to survive?I often find myself daydreaming about such an extraordinary scenario during my boring science classes. My mind drifts from Mrs. Johnson's droning lectures on photosynthesis to visions of a lonesome Triceratops munching on ancient ferns, utterly oblivious to the modern world around it. How strange it would be - a living remnant of the Mesozoic Era, lumbering across suburban neighborhoods and big city streets. I can't help but wonder what such an encounter would be like.Perhaps a young boy would be the first to spot the majestic beast, its heavily armored body and three iconic horns standing in stark contrast to the bland landscape of concrete and steel. The boy's eyes would gowide with disbelief before calling out to nearby adults. But would anybody believe such an outrageous claim? Most would likely dismiss it as an overactive imagination or a silly prank. "Dinosaurs? Don't be ridiculous, those haven't existed for millions of years!" they might scoff.Yet as the reality of the situation became undeniable, soon the entire world would be clamoring to catch a glimpse of the prehistoric marvel. Reporters from every major news networkwould descend on the area, cameras flashing as the lumbering giant meandered about, searching for fresh vegetation to graze upon. The dull roar of the creature's bellows would drown out the sounds of the city, a deafening reminder of life's primal roots.Within days, websites and social media would be inundated with shaky camera footage and blurry snapshots of the living dinosaur, the subject of unbridled awe and endless speculation. Scientists from across the globe would scramble to study the animal, desperate to unravel the mysteries of how it survived extinction. Where did it come from? How old is it? What can we learn from its biology and behaviors? The amount of questions would be infinite.Undoubtedly, security would become a top priority to protect this priceless treasure from potential harm or exploitation. Militaries might need to be deployed to create a safety perimeter, shielding the dinosaur from any overzealous gawkers or misguided profiteers seeking to ensnare the ancient beast for their own gain. I can't even fathom what a dinosaur might fetch on the black market from some eccentric billionaire looking to crown their private collection.Still, I suspect that merely seeing the dinosaur alive and moving would not be enough for humanity's insatiablefascination. No, we would want to interact with it, study it up close in ways that could finally shed light on the enigmas of the prehistoric world that birthed such mighty titans. Perhaps scientists would attempt to communicate with it using infrasonic sound waves similar to those utilized by modern elephants and whales. Or maybe careful attempts would be made to obtain embryonic stem cells in hopes of one day cloning and repopulating the species. The possibilities would seem endless when granted a second chance at unraveling the extraordinary mysteries of the ancient past.Of course, there are some unsettling possibilities to ponder as well. How would such an immense creature capable of deadly force be contained or controlled if it became aggravated or threatened? Although herbivorous, even a relatively docile dinosaur could potentially demolish buildings and endanger lives if it felt cornered or provoked. Assuming it was unwise to destroy our planet's sole remaining link to the Age of Dinosaurs, we might have to devote considerable resources to constructing specialized harboring facilities and founding conservation efforts to ensure its survival and sustainable environmental enrichment.Furthermore, how could we be certain that a collision of temporal worlds spanning over 60 million years of divergentevolution wouldn't inadvertently introduce novel pathogens or biological factors extremely hazardous to existing life? The rapid spread of unforeseen contagions capable of devastating modern ecosystems would be an existential risk we simply could not afford to take lightly. Perhaps the dinosaur would need to be meticulously quarantined and studied for years before any direct human contact or environmental release could be realistically considered.Despite the understandable fears and logistical challenges, I can't help but imagine how tremendous an educational opportunity the rediscovery of dinosaurs would present for our world. No longer would we be limited to mere fossils and dense academic textbooks to study these magnificent creatures. Actually observing a living dinosaur's behaviors, physiology, andna篇3If There Was Only One Dinosaur Left in the WorldWhoa, can you imagine if there was just a single dinosaur roaming around in the world today? How crazy and awesome would that be? As a kid, I was completely obsessed with dinosaurs. I had all the dinosaur toys, books, shirts, you name it. Idrove my parents nuts with all my dino facts and prehistoric paleontology knowledge. Even though I'm a teenager now, I still get really excited thinking about those magnificent ancient creatures.So just hypothetically, let's say there was one lonesome dinosaur somehow still alive in the modern era. Which species would be the coolest to have as the last surviving dinosaur? Obviously, having a huge awesome predator like a T-Rex or Spinosaurus would be incredible. Can you picture a 40 foot long, 20 ton killing machine with massive teeth and jaws just casually strolling down the street? That would be equal parts terrifying and exhilarating! Although, having an ultra-deadly carnivore as the last dinosaur might be a bit too dangerous.Maybe it would be better if the last dinosaur was an herbivore instead. I'm picturing a gentle giant like an Apatosaurus or Brachiosaurus lazily munching on trees and plants. Those massive long-necked sauropods were the biggest land animals ever, dwarfing even elephants in size. It would be a wildlife spectacle if one of those 100 foot long, 50 ton giants was justuvibing in a modern city, reaching up to snack on trees and leaves. Although having such an absolutely massive creaturearound would definitely create some pedestrian obstacles and property damage issues!You know what would be kind of cool though? If the last dinosaur was a more unusual and bizarre species like a Parasaurolophus or Tsintaosaurus. Those dinosaurs had those weird hollow cranial crests on their heads that amplified their "dinosaur calls" and made crazy sounds. It would be so strange but fascinating to have a modern animal making such haunting, unearthly sounds straight from the prehistoric era. I'd love to hear a Parasaurolophus' amplified dinosaur trumpet call echoing through the city streets.Of course, if we're talking about a solitary last dinosaur, it would have to be able to survive and live on its own. So maybe the best option would be for it to be a smaller, more resilient species. Like a chicken-sized raptor like a Velociraptor or Deinonychus. Those cunning little predators were vicious hunters, but their compact size would allow them to squirrel around undetected. A lone raptor could potentially survive off scraps and rodents while avoiding people. Although I definitely wouldn't want to stumble across one alone in a dark alley!No matter what dinosaur was the last one, how wild would it be to have an actual living, breathing dino among us in 2024? Itwould be a miracle of evolution and an invaluable scientific wonder. Every expert from paleontologists to biotechnologists would flock to study the last dinosaur and unlock the ancient secrets embedded in its genetics and biology. We could finally get answers to so many questions about dinosaur anatomy, behavior, and physiology that we've been speculating about for ages based on just fossils and remains.At the same time, having a living dinosaur would create a bunch of challenges too. First of all, where would it even live and exist safely? We'd have to create some kind of special protected habitat and preserve for it, the same way we have national parks for endangered species. Except this would be for a completely distinct type of animal that hasn't existed for over 60 million years! We'd have to go to extreme lengths to recreate the environment of the Late Cretaceous period for the dinosaur's home.Then there's the question of what and how to feed it. Herbivore dinos would need access to tons and tons of suitable prehistoric vegetation to graze on. While carnivores would require a steady supply of appropriately sized live prey. I can't even imagine the insane amount of meat something like a T-Rex would need to consume on the regular! We'd likely have to setup some kind of highly controlled and carefully managed feeding system and facilities to properly nourish the last dinosaur.Additionally, given how potentially dangerous and unstable the presence of a dinosaur could be, there would definitely need to be tons of security and safety measures put into place too. Keeping it contained and separated from human population centers would be crucial to prevent potential disasters or deadly encounters. Although, I'm sure tons of people would pay crazy money to get a chance to see and interact with a real dinosaur in a controlled setting too. It could become a major tourist attraction!Zoologists, veterinarians, and animal experts would have their work cut out for them just trying to handle the most basic care and needs of a dinosaur. Since they've been extinct for so long, we'd essentially be going in blind without any living frame of reference for treating illnesses or injuries. Every decisions would need to prioritize the dinosaur's welfare as the absolute top priority to ensure the survival of the last member of an entire species.Honestly, despite how unbelievably cool it would be to have a real dinosaur walking around, I can't help but feel like it wouldbe a little bit sad too. That one lonesome creature would be the last surviving relic of an ancient era when dinosaurs roamed the entire planet. It would be totally sol。
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An Existential Analysis of Catch-22ContentsAcknowledgements (i)Abstract(English) (ii)Abstract(Chinese) (iii)1. Introduction (1)1.1 Catch-22 (1)1.2 Writing Background (1)2. The Existentialism (2)2.1 “I think, so I a m” and “e x istence before essence” (2)2.2 The initiative of the soldiers (3)3. Free Choice (4)3.1 Orr (5)3.2 Yossarian (6)4. The Absurdity of the World (7)4.1 The Absolute power of the Bureaucracy (7)4.2 The Moral Insanity (8)4.3 The Inevitability of Death (9)5. Conclusion (10)Work Cited (12)AbstractThis paper is going to talk about the existentialism in Joseph Heller’s masterpiece Catch-22. As regards to the influence of existentialism on literature, Jean Paul Sartre’s theories are the one of the great significance, which is the main concern in this thesis.Joseph Heller (1923-1999) is one of the most representative writers of Black Humor, which forecasts the dominating of American post-modernism literature. The heart of Black Humor is the description of the absurdity of the world, which is also a doctrine of existentialism. So it is said that existentialism is one of the origins of Black Humor.In Catch-22, there are bounds of freedom and the struggles to get off from them, which is a main theme of the book. And as regard to Sartre’s existentialism, the central thought is the freedom to choose what one wants to be or to do, which agrees with the theme of Catch-22 above I have mentioned. So in this paper I just choose Sartre’s existentialist thoughts to analyze it, despite other existentialists. Existentialism is a different point of view to look at the traditional war-novel, from which I think a deeper and more theoretical criticism of the war as well as that of the world can be obtained.For the value of this paper, first of all, it will prove Catch-22 an existential novel. Both centered on the theme of freedom, this novel and existentialism share the same basis, so it’s natural to connect them together. Also, there is chapter four on absurdity to illustrate this point. Thirdly, I want to stress the subjectivity and advantages of existentialism. Although many people think it as superficial and spiritual, it stresses on humanism, paying attention to initiative and subjectivity, which are still hot centers of discussion till now.Key words: Catch-22;Existentialism; Free choice; Absurdity内容摘要约瑟夫·海勒的代表作《二十二条军规》中渗透着存在主义的思想,这也是本论文讨论的主旨所在。
在存在主义理论，特别是其对文学有影响的存在主义理论中，萨特的理论是有着重要的地位。
虽然他的理论观点看法总是在不断地改进中，自由问题始终是他所重点关注的问题。
萨特的哲学被称为“自由哲学”的原因，就是因为他对人类自由问题的关注和阐释。
根据萨特的重要理论“存在先于本质”，人必须得先发挥主动性积极为自己思考，然后去做自由的选择，这些也是本论文中要涉及的内容。
虽然萨特本体论为彻底完善，但使用它分析小说,可以从宏观上看到海勒对军队，对战争的厌恶,以及对社会的批判。
约瑟夫·海勒是黑色幽默小说的代表作家之一，而黑色幽默小说预示着美国后现代文学将在美国文坛占有重要的地位。
黑色幽默理论的核心是世界的荒诞性，而这也是存在主义所坚持的信条。
本论文通过存在主义，特别是萨特的存在主义理论，尝试着从一个全新的角度去阐释《第二十二条军规》从存在主义关于自由，世界荒谬性，对人的主动性的强调，我们可以看到，小说中无处不渗透着存在主义的痕迹。
在本文里我想强调存在主义的优点之一，注重人的主动性。
虽然很多人认为它是迷信的精神的，但是它强调人道主义，注重人的主动性和主体性，而这些现在仍是被讨论的重点。
关键词：《第二十二条军规》；存在主义；自由；荒诞性An Existential Analysis of Catch-22OutlineThesis Statement: This paper is meant to talk about the existentialism in Joseph Heller’s masterpiece Catch-22. As regards to the influence of existentialism onliterature, Jean Paul Sartre’s theories are the one of the outstandingsignificance, which is the main concern in this thesis. In Catch-22, there arebounds of freedom as well as the struggles to get off from them, which is amain theme of the book. And for Sartre’s existentialism, the central thoughtis the freedom to choose what one wants to be or to do, which agrees withthe theme of Catch-22 above I have mentioned. So here I just chooseSartre’s existentialist thoughts to analyze it.Ⅰ. Introduction: Catch-22 and its writing backgroundⅡ. The ExistentialismA. “I think, so I a m” and “e x istence before essence”B. The initiative of the soldiersⅢ. Free ChoiceA. OrrB. YossarianⅣ. The Absurdity of the WorldA. The Absolute power of the BureaucracyB. The Moral InsanityC. The Inevitability of DeathⅤ. Conclusion1．结合毕业论文课题情况，根据所查阅的文献资料，每人撰写500 字左右的文献综述，阐述当前的研究现状：Literature ReviewJoseph Heller, one of the most outstanding American novelists and the representative of Black Humor, His first and best known novel Catch-22 is now widely recognized as one of the most important books written by Americans since World War II. term "Catch-22" has entered the American vocabulary to express the frustration of encountering absurd obstacles. Therefore a thorough existentialist reading of Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 may give us some enlightenment and inspiration.According to Brian Czech in her essay A potential catch-22 for a sustainable American ideology, the history of American ideology includes elements of increasing sustainability. Laissez-faire, racism, sexism, and anthropocentrism have been declining throughout the 20th century, as indicated by various social movements and institutional developments. Economic growth has proceeded concurrently and the material standard of living has generally done likewise. Proponents of an environmental Kuznets curve posit that continued economic growth and associated increases in the standard of living will have the effect of, and are required for, producing an increasingly sustainable ideology.In the paper of From Modernism to Postmodernism , the auther Zhao Guofan says it is widely accepted that the emergence of Black Humor was under the influence of Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy which grew out of France around World War II, with Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus as its representatives. The two world wars exerted great influence on Existentialism and Black Humor, both of which share a common viewpoint of the artistic demand of facing up an absurd universe without intrinsic values. Joseph Heller, as a Black Humorist, was inevitably influenced by the existentialist philosophy and presented it in his Catch-22There was a study by Gary w . Davis, in A detailed Summary of Catch 22, he criticized that through Catch-22 Joseph Heller permeates the idea that there is no single definitive truth, that the world is the form of a continual clash of truths. Heller permeates his ideas of毕业论文开题报告２．本课题研究的主要内容和拟解决的问题：主要内容：20世纪60年代称霸于西方剧坛的荒诞派戏剧以萨特的存在主义哲学为思想基拙，强调人的分离与隔膜、存在的危机与友酷、人生的无用以及世界的荒诞。