托福-09北美机经

2006年8月12日口语部分第一个问题如何当好父母，好的父母应该具有什么品质第二个问题你认为集体工作好还是单独工作好第三个问题先读一个ANNOUNCEMENT,关于食堂要取消热食而只售冷食，这样的话，1，因为冷食比热食更有营养，2，学生可以因此省钱。

然后听一段学生间的对话，一个女生对学校的这种改变极为不满，并表达了相反的意见。

总结女生的意见但要与所读的ANNOUNCEMEN相结合。

第四个问题关于一篇教授的讲座，他指出人们应该对自己所要做的事情有一个安排，并举列说如果你将来用不到化学，那么现在也没有必要学习化学。

总结其意第五个问题关于广告策略的，有两种方法，第一种就是不停的重复，说的你不得不信，举例是用一辆小车不停的接人放人，大家都说车够宽敞，天天说，结果大家就真觉得车宽敞了。

第二种就是找名人代言，里面举了用一位赛车手代言一部小车，并说这小车好，快，说的大家都认为这个小车其实也快。

听完这段对话，将这两点总结出来并复述。

写作部分2006年10月18日口语：口语里听的部分挺简单的，感觉比delta简单，delta我都记不下来，这次考试都记下来了1. What is a important opportunity in your life. Describe why it is important. （跑题了，光顾地说怎么利用这个机会了。

哭。

）2. do you agree or disagree with the following statement: student should not be allowed tobring cellphone into the class.3. 图书馆把大桌子换成小隔间，一个大兄弟不同意，说没法做group project了，应该增加meeting room，说overcrowd了，现在大桌子正合适，换什么换阿4. 动物之间是怎么知道别人要干什么的，有一个专门的词，忘了，有定义。

教授主要就是举例，说狗狗以害怕，就龇牙。

因为在很久很久以前，狗狗受到威胁就龇牙要咬，龇牙是为了不咬到自己。

后来别的动物就知道狗狗龇牙就是要咬了，就害怕。

后来狗狗自己也知道自己龇牙，别的动物就害怕了，于是以后就只龇牙了5. 教授给改回来的draft，给这个倒霉蛋给晚了，结果只有1天时间修改上交了。

mm说要么你跟教授说延长deadline，要么你自己尽最大努力改。

两个solution你支持哪个？6. 文化之间的difussion。

主要定义difussion，就是文化从一个地方传到另各一地方。

举例说newspaper，字来自很多别的国家（听得不清楚），造纸法来自中国。

然后说difussion不是那么简单地，举例说针灸，老美知道针灸有用，但是不懂其中的哲学，只是拿过来就用。

2006年10月22日口语1. 你最admire的一个人是谁？说出理由2. 大学教育是否应该像所有人开放，还是只让一部分人有机会受到大学教育。

此题极似TWE185中的第107题：Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to allstudents. Others believe that higher education should be available only to good students.Discuss these views. Which view do you agree with? Explain why. 但是考试题目可能和107题有所不同，机经似乎都表示考题没有提到只让好学生受大学教育，而是提到只让一部分人受大学教育3. 阅读材料：有人贴了一封信出来，主要内容是感谢City University的医院增加预算去解决看的人太多的问题。

对于预算的使用，建议可以像Southern University医院之前做的一样，弄了一个website,可以解决学生关于健康方面的问题，所以学生后来去看病的人都少了，因为他们可以自己做预防措施之类的。

听力材料：是有一男一女讨论这封信。

女的是不赞成信所说的东西的，她首先很怀疑那个website是否work，是否真如信上所说这么好。

另外她觉得由于Southern University处于南方，而学生发生感冒或者有疾病，多数发生于天气寒冷的时候，例如冬天。

在南方冷的时候不多，所以这个可能是病人减少的原因之一，而City University应该做的应该是增加医生的人手，医生现在是完全不够的。

你看这几年学校的学生人数直线上升。

但是医生的数量不变，就导致了学生看病难的问题，所以学校应该增加医生人手。

4. 阅读材料：一种电影技术（Bridge Shifting），电影可以切换镜头，即用很快的镜头就能让大家明白剧情的发展，观众并不会觉得看不懂。

听力材料：教授举例子2个。

第一个例子：一个政治家的成长，电影里先是有一个child，再显示日历翻页的图象，过表示长大了，然后他就长大进了college。

第二个例子：政治家在演讲，然后电影放出火车车轮运动的画面，说明这个人Travel to give speech(用train view来表示去了很多地方)。

这两个例子中观众都能理解镜头切换表示的含义。

5. 女生的侄子（一说表兄弟）要来学校，但是她没有时间陪他，因为周六下午要去图书馆上班。

男生给了意见：让侄子去学校的ADMISSION OFFICER，有免费TOUR，有人会照顾他看different building, 特别是art department；男生自己也有一点时间，但是无法陪太长，因为他要做study group。

问如果是考生你，你会怎么办？6. 科技发展对生活得影响：科技看上去提高了生活质量，但是很多时候，这种技术的后果却是令到生活更加麻烦，举了几个例子。

(1) 家里的DVD、TV等各种电器都有遥控器(remote controll)，遥控器太多就麻烦，常常忘了哪个遥控器该控制哪个电器。

后来发明了一种多用途遥控器(universal remote controller)，但这种遥控器更麻烦，需要花好几个小时设置，还要记住给每个键设置的功能，不然忘记了的话就要重新来，要看说明书要查菜单，很浪费时间。

(2) 手机越来越小，越来越轻，本来原意是好的，但button变得太小不好按，使人经常拨错号码。

2006年10月25日口语：1. What is your favorite time of the year? Why?2. A conversation between a boy and a girl. The girl hurt her back and the doctor told hershe needs plenty of rest for a whole month. She is not getting better because she has tohaul the heavy textbooks around campus. The man suggests her that since she lives on campus, she can go back to the dorm to get the textbook for the next class withouth carrying them around. She did not want to do that because her dorm locates on one side of the campus andit takes extra 20 minutes for her to get her textbooks that way. The the man suggested her sharing textbooks with her classmates. She can explain that this is just temporary to her classmates. The girl did not like this idea either because she likes to take notes on themargin of the book so she can better review for the tests.The question is which solution do you prefer and why?3. About psychological term "extinction". When someone has an undesirable behavior, other people give what he wants in order to stop this behavior. However, intentionally or not,this is a reward for that person and he will continue doing this undesirable thing in the future.The listening passage gave an example about a mother taking her son to the grocery store. When they passed the cookie isle, her son started whining and crying because he wanted the cookie. The mother, in order to stop his embarrasing behavior, finally gave in and boughthim the cookie. She was not aware that she was actually rewarding the boy's undesirable behavior and he will repeat this in the future. What she should do is to ignore his whiningand crying. Therefore, his crying behavior is not rewards and this behavior is going todecrease untill it eventually disappears. And that is what's called extinction inpsychology.Basically the question of the speaking is to repeat the example given in the passage andexplain what is extinction.4. The school is not going to let first-year undergraduate to park on campus. Two studentswere discussing about this. The girl at first thought this is a good idea and the boy didnot. He believed that to cancel freshman parking on campus is not going to make a bigdifferent and according to his research, there were actually only 85 first-year undergraduates who actually applied for a parking pass. 85 spaces are not significantenought to solve the parking problem. He also suggested that the school should change thelot behind the football stadium into a parking lot and that is the long-term solution to the parking problem.5.About archetects. The article said that back in the 18th century, many archetects did notwant to build regular buildings(engineers build regular buildings). They only got involvedin huge projects like palaces. However, in the 19th century, the situation started thechange. Some archetects started to work with big companies, like Henry Ford. His company was very famous and it wouldn't hurt for archetect to work with his factories. The listening passage mentioned two famous archetects: Julius and Albert Zahn who are brothers. Julius invented steel bars in cement, making it more reliable. (我觉的就是我们国内说的钢筋混凝土）Thia invention made it possible to reduce the support structure space and provide moreinterior space for factories. Albert, the other brother, also uses this cement structure andhe also likes to use a lot of windows, makes his factory designs with plenty of light andone storey so that the workers' working condition is better and the movement of materials iseasier with only on storey. Later a British archetect was mentioned. He introduced Julius's cenment structure to Britain and he was also an advocate for improving working conditionsfor the workers. However, unlike the brothers mentioned earlier, he puts more emphasis onthe factory's exterior. The Hoover factory was on a busy road and its exterior looks like a palace. This is because they want to establish good public image.6. To open a business, you needs to get financial support from investors. There are twomajor documents. Business plan and summary. Business plan is very long, with a lot of details. It provides all the info investors need to know before making decisions, includingthe layouts of your products, service and intended customers. In contrast, summary is briefwith some general information. Because a lot of investors are very busy, they may not havetime to read a long business plan, so a good summary works to gain their interest and decideif they want to move on to read the business plan. The speaker also mentioend an example ofher friend who wanted to open a furniture business. At first she only sent out businessplans and no investor contacted her; later she sent out summary first and became successful.2006年10月27日口语1、小说、杂志、诗歌你喜欢哪种？2、与室友同住好还是一人住好?3、学校准备将宿舍建到校外的附近社区，一来可以节约校园用地，二来增加学生与当地社区的交流。