过去分词短语作状语
过去分词短语作状语与主句主语
过去分词短语作状语与主句主语过去分词短语作状语与主句主语引言过去分词短语是英语语法中非常常见的一种短语结构，它被广泛用于修饰句子的主语或谓语，使句子更加清晰和具有描述性。
本文将重点讨论过去分词短语作状语与主句主语的关系，并深入探讨在不同上下文中它们的作用和语义。
一、过去分词短语作状语1. 表时间：过去分词短语可以用来修饰动词，表示动作或状态发生在句子中描述的时间之前。
例如：(1) Having finished his homework, he went out to play.（做完作业后，他出去玩了。
）(2) Exhausted from the long journey, I fell asleep as soon as I got home.（因为长途旅行而筋疲力尽，我一到家就睡着了。
）2. 表原因：过去分词短语还可以表示某个动作或状态是因为另一个动作或状态的发生导致的。
例如：(1) She missed the bus, being late for work.（她错过了公交车，因为迟到上班。
）(2) The team lost the match, having made too many mistakes.（由于犯了太多错误，队伍输掉了比赛。
）3. 表方式：过去分词短语可以描述动作的方式或方式。
例如：(1) He drove the car, carefully avoiding any obstacles.（他小心地开车，避开了任何障碍。
）(2) She completed the project, skillfully using her knowledge.（她运用自己的知识，熟练地完成了项目。
）二、过去分词短语作主句主语过去分词短语还可以作为主句的主语，这时它在句子中扮演的角色更加突出，通常表示被动或完成的动作。
1. 表示被动：过去分词短语作为主句主语时，通常表示主语所受到的动作或影响。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
1. 哎呀，当过去分词表示被动或完成的时候，就可以作状语啦！就像“He was deeply moved by the story.”这里的“moved”就是被故事深深打动呀。
2. 嘿，要是过去分词用来表达原因，那也是很妙的哟！比如说“Frustrated by the failure, he almost gave up.”这“Frustrated”不就是因为失败而沮丧嘛。
3. 哇塞，当过去分词表示时间，这多神奇呀！像“Seen from the top of the mountain, the view is amazing.”看到没，“Seen”就是从山顶被看到那个时间点呀。
4. 哟呵，过去分词表示条件的时候，是不是很有意思呀！例如“If prepared well, you will do great.”这里的“prepared”就是如果准备好这个条件呀。
5. 哈哈，过去分词还能表示让步呢！像“Though beaten many times, he still doesn't give up.”“beaten”就是尽管被打击很多次啦。
6. 哎呀呀，当表示方式或伴随的时候，过去分词也能上呀！比如“She sat there, lost in thought.”“lost”不就是那种伴随的状态嘛。
7. 嘿呀嘿呀，过去分词作状语的时候，可真是变化多端呢！就像“Surrounded by his friends, he feels happy.”“Surrounded”就是周围被朋友围着呀。
8. 哇哦，过去分词这么有用，大家可得好好掌握呀！
总之，过去分词作状语的用法很多，大家要多多练习，才能运用自如呀！。
过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语知识点包括过去分词(短语)作状语、过去分词(短语)作状语的用法、过去分词(短语)作状语应注意的问题、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别、过去分词作表语等部分，有关过去分词(短语)作状语的详情如下：过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。
其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。
过去分词(短语)作状语的用法1．时间状语过去分词(短语)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，可以在其前加上when，while，until等，使其时间意义更明确；该状语可置于句首、句尾或主语与谓语之间。
从时间意义上看，该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生，也可与谓语动作同时发生。
Told that his mother was seriously ill，Li Ping hurried home quickly.被告知妈妈病得很严重，李平急忙跑回了家。
(先于谓语动作发生)Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks more beautiful.＝When(it is)seen from the top of the hill，the city looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，城市显得更美丽。
(与谓语动作同时发生)2．原因状语过去分词(短语)作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，多位于句首，偶尔也出现在句尾或句中。
Moved by the heroic deeds，the children couldn't help crying.孩子们被英雄事迹感动，情不自禁地哭了起来。
Lost in thought，he almost knocked into a tree.由于陷入了沉思，他差点撞到树上。
过去分词短语作状语课件
注意积累
平时学习中要注意积累过去分词短语作状语的用法，建立 自己的语料库。
在学习过程中，遇到过去分词短语作状语的句子，可以摘 录下来，整理到自己的语料库中。这样不仅可以加深对这 种用法的理解，还可以在以后的写作中加以运用。
常见错误分析
总结词
纠正常见错误，提高语言准确性
详细描述
通过分析常见的错误用法，如"He is followed by his assistant."，可以指出过去分词 短语作状语常见的错误形式，帮助学习者避免类似的错误，提高语言使用的准确性。
05
如何提高过去分词短语作状语的运用能力
多读多写
通过大量的阅读和写作练习，可以提高对过去分词短语作状 语的理解和运用能力。
时间状语
总结词
表示动作发生的时间
详细描述
过去分词短语用作时间状语时，通常放在句首或句尾，用来描述某个动作发生 的时间点或时间段。例如，“Having finished his homework, he went to bed.”（完成作业后，他去睡觉了。）
Hale Waihona Puke 条件状 语总结词表示某个动作发生的条件
详细描述
简单例句分析
总结词
简单明了，易于理解
详细描述
通过简单的例句，如"He came in, followed by his assistant."，可以直观地展示过去分词短语作状语的结构和 用法。这种例句结构简单，容易理解，适合初学者学习。
过去分词做状语和定语时的区别
过去分词做状语和定语时的区别一、过去分词(短语)做状语1、与句子主语的关系当过去分词(短语)做状语时，要与句子的主语有关系，而且一般是被动关系。
在读下面所有的例句时，请注意过去分词短语与句子主语的关系。
先分析例句：Frightened by Santa Claus …words，Scrooge woke up.句子的主语是Scrooge，状语部分为Frightened by Santa Claus‟words，可以看出Scrooge是“被”Santa Claus的话“惊吓”(Frightened)。
2、在句子中的位置过去分词做状语，修饰的是句子中的位于，多放在句首，也可以放在后面，后者插在句子的中间。
Seen from the hill，the city looks magnificent.从山上看这座城市非常壮观。
They came in，followed by their wives.他们进来了，妻子们跟随在后。
Tom，horrified at what he had done，could at first say nothing.Tom对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。
3、所表示的状语种类过去分词做状语可以表示伴随情况(即主句的谓语动作与状语同时发生)、表示原因、表示条件、也可以表示时间。
He entered，accompanied by his secretary.(伴随情况)他由秘书陪着走了进来。
Moved by his speech，many people volunteered to help in the work.(原因)由于受他讲话的感动，许多人自愿参加这项活动。
Taken in time，the medicine will be quite effective.(条件)如果及时服用，这种药是相当有效的。
Heated，water changes into steam.(时间)当被加热的时候，水可以变成蒸汽。
19-20版：Grammar——过去分词(短语)作状语(创新设计)
Grammar——过去分词(短语)作状语[思维导图]一、过去分词(短语)作状语[观察·感悟]①When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”.(时间状语)当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It’s kind of you”。
②Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。
③Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做的事情的极大鼓励下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。
④Visited many times，the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)虽然已参观了几次，这个地方仍值得再来。
⑤He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in his study.(方式状语)锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。
⑥The guest walked into the room，greeted by his owner.(伴随状语)客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。
[探究·归纳]过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。
过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
[即学即练1]写出下列句中黑体部分分别充当什么状语①Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students whowish to seek their own answers.原因状语②Time，used correctly，is money in the bank.条件状语③If asked to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.条件状语④Seated at the table，my father and I were talking about my job.方式状语⑤When (you are) given a medical examination，you should keep calm.时间状语二、过去分词(短语)作状语时在句中的位置[观察·感悟]①Done in a hurry，his homework was full of mistakes.因为做得匆忙，他的作业满是错。
过去分词短语作状语
过去分词短语作状语2012.4.1过去分词兼有动词､副词和形容词的特征。
过去分词作状语时，表示被动的或已完成的动作,在句中可作时间､原因､条件､让步､方式､伴随状语等。
掌握过去分词作状语可从以下几个方面考虑。
一. 理清过去分词作状语时与句子的主语的关系1。
过去分词作状语时，过去分词与主句中的主语形成逻辑上的被动关系，有时也表示动作已完成. 例如：Seen in the dark night，lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky。
(seen表示被动，分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生）Scolded by the teacher，the girl began to cry.被老师责怪，女孩哭了起来.（scolded表示被动且动作已完成）【考例1】____ into use in April 2000，the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.（2005年上海卷）A. Put B。
Putting C。
Having put D。
Being put【解析】选A.主句主语the hotline与put into use逻辑上是被动关系，排除B､C；D项表示正在进行的被动与句子意思不符.所以用过去分词put短语作状语。
2. 有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构,因此他们作状语时与主句的主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系,但仍然用过去分词形式.例如：Lost in thought，she nearly ran into a tree。
陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上.（lost意为“迷失的”，与逻辑主语连接起来相当于Because she was lost…，作原因状语)与lost类似的过去分词还有disappointed，dressed, determined，devoted，tired，exhausted，prepared, seated, caught等.【考例2】After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，____.A。
过去分词短语作状语
过去分词短语作状语非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。
其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确，在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式，目的在于使语言更为简练，尤其在书面语中。
所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。
过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。
例如：1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。
（表示原因）2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。
（表示时间）3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. （表示条件）从城堡顶端看，公园十分美丽4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave.虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。
（表示让步）5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.（表示伴随）心中充满了希望与恐惧，他跳进了深海里。
在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形：一、句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系例：_______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .（2004，辽宁）A．Attracting B．Attracted C. To be attracted D．Having attracted 分析：答案为B。
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练习：非谓语作宾语：只能接不定式/动名词 两者都接 的
情况要抄写在笔记本上
1. When it comes to ____(eat), she is full of joy. 2. Yuan Longping devoted himself to _____ (research) hybrid rice. 3. He was afraid of _____ (fire) if goals weren’t met.
2. 过去分词作原因状语
Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
3. 过去分词作条件
If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could
主 谓 宾 表 定 状 补
to do
doing动名词 doing现在分词 done过去分词
√
√
√
√
√
√ √ √
√
√ √ √
√
√
√ √
√ √
三、逻辑主语
定 状 补 前面被修饰的名词 主句主语 前面宾语
四、用法1：表时间 原因 让步 结果 方式 条 件
1.过去分词作时间状语
When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.
4. His joy is _____ (teach) middle school students. His job
today ____ (teach) these retired worker how to use computer.
5. It remains _______ (see) Whether Hilary Clinton will be the next president of the USA. 练习：非谓语作定语 1. The picture _____ (hang) on the wall was painted by my nephew. 2. This first text books ____ (write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 3. The bridge _____ (build) now will be completed next week. This is the problem _____(discuss) at the meeting yesterday. 4. His first book ____ (publish) next month is based on a true story. 5. There was nothing ___ (leave) in this village. He has no reason _____ (stay) in this place.
非谓语 1. 形式 2. 逻辑主语 3. 充当？成分 4. 用法
一、形式
• 非谓语：1. 不定式 2. 动名词 3. 分词 现在分词+过去分词
一般式 不定式 表目的、将来 -ing 形式 表示主动、进行 过去分词 表被动、完成(少数不及 物动词) 主动 被动 主动 to do to be done doing 完成式 to have done to have been done having done
Unit 3 Life in the future
Grammar
1. 作状语
回顾
过 去 分 词
2. 作定语 3. 作宾补 4. 作表语
回顾：谓语与非谓语
1. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. 2. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
his dog. She sat by the window, lost in thought. （be lost in）
She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态
用法2.系表结构、已转化的形容词
有些过去分词源于系表结构，或是某些动词加ed转化而来 的形容词，作状语时不表被动而表主动，常见有： be lost in, be seated, be hidden, be stationed(驻扎), be situated/located in, be born in, be dressed in, be tired of, be satisfied with, be disappointed/surprised, be prepared for, be faced with, be filled with, be absorbed in, be worried about， be founded in 作状语时，去掉be,直接用过去分词，表主动 练习：1. _____(face) with so many problems, he didn’t know what to do. 2. _____(face) so many problems, he didn’t know what to do.
7. _______(finish) his homework, he went out for a walk.
(强调先后，先于主句谓语动作之前）
做习题 总结 纸质习题巩固 练习：非谓语作主语 1. _____(exercise) is good for our health. 2. It is no use _____(quarrel) with him about it.
• 练习：非谓语作表语 过去分词表自己感到 interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk,devoted, lost, known)作表语表状态， 无被动意味 1. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____(pay) by the hour. 2. The rooms are ____ (paint) now, so you can’t move in. 3. What he has done is really ____ (disappoint). Now his parents are _____ with him.
5. 作方式状语
They eat using the fingers of their right hands.
练习： 对比 现在分词vs 过去分词 与逻辑主语间关系 1. ______(follow) by his dog, he came in. 2. ______(follow) his owner, the dog came in 3. ______(see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird
3. _______ (take) according to instructions, the drug has no side effects. 4. ______(fill) with hopes and fear, he went into the cave.
分词作状时, 若其逻辑主语与整句主语不一 致时, 需要独立主格结构或 with 复合结 构来替代 1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ (tie) behind his back. 2. The housework _____(finish), she slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
nest.
4. ______(see) from the space, the astronaut can not
discover the Great Wall.
5. ___(compare) with other houses, ours is small and old. 6. _____(compare) with him, you will find you are lucky.
have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
4. 作伴随状语
The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by
He died, not leaving a penny to his son. Having lost his wallet, he had to walk home.
进行式 to be doing
被动
被动
being done
done
having been done
否定式一律将not 放非谓语前
二、充当？成分
The United Kingdom, ______ (include) 4 countries, is off the northwest coast of continental Europe.
4. The flower needs ____ (water).
5. I didn’t mean _____ (hurt) you. Missing this bus