英美概况资料
1. The longest river in Britain is ____.
A. Severn
B. Tees
C. Thames
D. Clyde
2. The British Isles is made up of ____.
A. Three large islands and hundreds of small ones
B. Two large islands and hundreds of small ones
C. Three large islands and dozens of small ones
D. Two large islands and dozens of small ones
3. There are three political divisions ____ on the island of Great Britain.
A. England, Scotland, and Ireland
B. England, Scotland, and Wales
C. England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland
D. Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland
4. The Tower of London, located in the centre of London, was built by ____.
A. King Harold
B. William the Conqueror
C. Robin Hood
D. Oliver Cromwell
5. St. Paul’s Cathedral is in ____.
A. Liverpool
B. London
C. Glasgow
D. Birmingham
6. The largest lake in Britain is ___.
A. Ullswater
B. Loch Lomond
C. Windermere
D. The Lough Neagh
7. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in ____.
A. 200
B.
C. B. 55 A.
D. C. 55 B.C. D. 410 A.D.
8. The capital of Northern Ireland is ____.
A. Belfast
B. Birmingham
C. Edinburgh
D. Cardiff
9. Between 1337 and 1453 the ____ took place in Britain.
A. Wars of Roses
B. Black Death
C. Hundred Year’s War
D. Peasants Uprising
10. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from ____ to ____.
A. 1600—1604
B. 1640—1644
C. 1642—1646
D. 1646—1650
11. James Watt created a ____ in 1769.
A. Spinning Mule
B. Steam Engine
C. Power Loom
D. Spinning Jenny
12. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb____.
A. as welcome as a storm
B. an Englishman’s house is his castle
C. do not wear out your welcome
D. outstay one’s welcome
13. ____ is the first weekday after Christmas, a legal holiday in English, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa.
A. Thanksgiving Day
B. Anzac Day
C. St. Valentine’s Day
D. Boxing Day
14. The Bible was originally written in ____. C
A. Latin
B. English
C. Hebrew
D. Arabic
15. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?
A. James I
B. Charles I
C. James II
D. Charles II
16. From 1649 to 1658 English was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by
Oliver Cromwell as ____ .
A. President
B. Lord Protector
C. Lieutenant General
D. Commander of the New Model Army
17. A “vote of no confidence” is decided by ____.
A. the House of Lords
B. the Prime Minister
C. the House of Commons
D. the two major parties
18. British English is spoken is ____.
A. Great Britain
B. Australia
C. New Zealand
D. A, B, and C
19. Eton College is a famous ____ of UK.
A. college
B. comprehensive school
C. public school
D. university
20. Westminster Palace is the ____.
A. seat of British House of Parliament
B. seat of English church
C. residence of king and Queen
D. residence of Prime Minister
21. No. 10 Downing Street is ____.
A. Office of British Navy
B. official residence of Prime Minister
C. seat of English Parliament
D. official residence of King
22. Big Ben is the nickname of ____.
A. Sir Benjamin Hall
B. Benjamin Franklin
C. 315-foot Clock Tower
D. Sir Charles Barry
23. Which of the following is by far the most influential in the West? ____. A
A. Christianity
B. Buddhism
C. Islamism
D. Judaism
24. Stratford-on-Avon is a famous place where ____ was born. B
A. John Milton
B. William Shakespeare
C. Ben Johnson
D. Thomas Gray
25. The oldest university in Britain is ____. C
A. Sunday Times
B. St. Andrews University
C. Oxford
D. Edinburgh University
26. The Tories were the forerunners of ____, which still bears this nickname today. C
A. the Liberal Party
B. the Labor Party
C. the Conservative Party
D. the Social Democratic Party
27. Halloween is celebrated on ____. D
A. 5TH November
B. 17th March
C. 25th December
D. 31st October
28. Easter is a holiday usually connected to the following except____. C
A. the coming of spring
B. the eating of Easter eggs
C. the reunion of a large family
D. the resurrection of Christ
29. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is ____. B
A. Independent Broadcasting Authority
B. British Broadcasting Corporation
C. Radio Times
D. Reuters
30. Today, the City of London is the business centre of London where you can find ____. C
A. big supermarkets
B. theatres and cinemas
C. large financial organizations
D. restaurants and cafes
31. In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition. D
A. largest
B. third largest
C. fourth largest
D. second largest
32. In Britain, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of ____. B
A. the Lord Chancellor
B. the Prime Minister
C. the Speaker
D. the Parliamentary Commissioner
33. Which of the following is the world’s oldest national newspaper? D
A. The Times
B. The Guardian
C. The Sun
D. The Observer
34. The real centre of power in the British Parliament is ____. B
A. the King or the Queen
B. the House of Commons
C. the House of Lords
D. the Cabinet
35. The oldest part of British Parliament is ____. A
A. the House of Lords
B. the House of Commons
C. the Shadow of Cabinet
D. the Chamber
36. The national centre of the press in Britain is ____. D
A. Great Russell Street
B. Speaker s’Corner
C. Downing Street
D. the Fleet Street
37. Among the most typical English sports, having been in existence since the 16th century, is__ B.
A. rugby
B. cricket
C. boxing
D. football
38. The Gothic style started in ____ and quickly spread through all parts of western Europe. A
A. French
B. English
C. Hebrew
D. Germanic
39. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake ____. A
A. Superior
B. Ontario
C. Huron
D. Michigan
40. The state of ____ is rich in fishing and trapping. C
A. Hawaii
B. California
C. Alaska
D. New York
41. Harvard University was founded in ____. C
A. 1366 B 1633 C. 1636 D. 1363
42. The state to which the Mayflower sailed is ____. D
A. Florida
B. Maine
C. Virginia
D. Massachusetts
43. The U.S.A. is known as a “Melting Pot” for its ____.A
A. mixture of nationalities
B. mixture of climates
C. mixture of habits
D. mixture of religions
44. ____ is regarded as the cradle of the Renaissance? B
A. Greece
B. Italy
C. Germany
D. England
45. Who was the first woman Prime Minister in British history? C
A. Elizabeth I
B. Elizabeth II
C. Margaret Thatcher
D. Diana Princess of Wales
46. The important thing done in the Second Continental Congress was that ____. D
A. the Declaration of the Independence was signed.
B. the Revolutionary War ended
C. a new government was discussed
D. Washington was appointed commander of the army
47. In the Civil War, Lincoln issued the famous ____ B
A. the Bill of Rights
B. the Emancipation Proclamation
C. the Federalist Paper
D. the Declaration of Independence
48. The “Big Stick” Policy was advanced by President____. D
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. William Mckinley
C. Thomas Woodrow Wilson
D. Theodore Roosevelt
49. What is the largest river in America? C
A. The Ohio River
B. The Columbia
C. The Mississippi River
D. The Colorado
50. The United States is ____ populous country in the world. A
A. the third most
B. the second most
C. the most
D. the fourth most
51. In Jan. 1918, American President ____prepared his “Fourteen Point” as a basis of peace negotiation. A
A. Woodrow Wilson
B. William H. Taft
C. Warren
D. Harding
52. President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a well-known policy called ____ to save the economic situation. D
A. the Open Door Policy
B. the “Big Stick”
C. Good Neighbor Policy
D. the New Deal
53. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by ____.A
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. George Washington
C. Benjamin Franklin
D. John Adams
54. The period of the “Cold War” began when ____ came forth in March 1947. C
A. NATO
B. The Eishenhower Doctrine
C. The Truman Doctrine
D. Marshall Plan
55. Who was considered as father of modern astronomy and put forward his theory that the sun, not the earth, is the centre of the universe? A
A. Copernicus
B. Kepler
C. Galileo
D. Newton
56. The largest public library in the U.S. is ____ . B
A. library of Harvard
B. Library of Congress
C. Franklin Library
D. Roosevelt Library
57. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ____. D
A. cultural revival
B. loss of purpose
C. development in science and technology
D. material success and spiritual frustration
58. ____ is considered America’s unique contribution to music. A
A. Jazz
B. Rock and Roll
C. Country Music
D. Western Music
59. Whose discovery of the law of the universal gravitation is the most important of all his achievements in physics? B
A. Kepler
B. Issac Newton
C. Galileo
D. Copernicus
60. The three biggest newspapers are of the following except____. D
A. New York Times
B. Washington Post
C. Los Angeles Times
D. Reader’s Digest
61. Metropolitan Museum is in ____. C
A. Washington D.C.
B. Boston
C. New York
D. Philadelphia
62. Who resigned because of Watergate Scandal, the first president to do so in American history?C
A. Kennedy
B. Johnson
C. Richard Nixon
D. Truman
63. Empire State Building is in ____.
A. Chicago
B. New York
C. Washington
D.C. D. Detroit
64. “Knowledge is power.” was said by ____.A
A. Francis Bacon
B. Shakespeare
C. Thomas Hobbes
D. John Locke
65. Which of the following philosophers believed that man is selfish by nature? D
A. John Locke
B. Descartes
C. Pierre Gassendi
D. Thomas Hobbes
66. Jazz, a great contribution to the world popular music, was originated from the music of ____.C
A. Indians
B. Spanish
C. Negroes
D. Portuguese
67. Which of the following philosophers ever said “I think, therefore I am”? ____. B
A. Francis Bacon
B. Descartes
C. Pierre Gassendi
D. John Locke
68. American Presidents are elected ____. B
A. every two years
B. every four years
C. every five years
D. every six years
69. Which branch of American government has the power to interpret the Constitution?A
A. The Supreme Court
B. The President
C. The House
D. The Senate
70. The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in ____.D
A. 1778
B. 1783
C. 1774
D. 1787
71. Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of the U.S. Constitution? B
A. John Locke
B. Montesquieu
C. Rousseau
D. V oltaire
72. The Gettysburg victory was the turning point of ____. A
A. The Civil War
B. the war of Independence
C. the Indian War
D. the Trenton War
73. The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are ____. D
A. research and teaching
B. teaching and degree awarding
C. professional training, teaching and public service
D. teaching, research and public service
74. Who ever said that “Lost time is never found again”and “God helps those who help themselves”? D
A. John Locke
B. V oltaire
C. Montesquieu
D. Benjamin Franklin
75. ____ is not a nationally observed holiday of America.A
A. Easter Sunday
B. Veterans’ Day
C. Independence Day
D. Christmas
76. The theme of Thanksgiving has always been____.B
A. friendship and happiness
B. peace and plenty
C. cooperation and rich award
D. love and happiness
77. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted by the Continental Congress? C
A. On July 2, 1776
B. On June 4, 1776
C. On July 4, 1776
D. On July 6, 1774
78. The city’s name, “Philadelphia” means ____. C
A. fishing pit
B. waste land
C. brotherly love
D. wild land
79. ____ has been called the “cradle of American liberty”. B
A. Boston
B. Philadelphia
C. Plymouth
D. Chicago
80. How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the United States?A
A. 13
B. 53
C. 48
D. 35
81. Who said “I have a dream”? D
A. Benjamin Franklin
B. Francis Bacon
C. Lincoln
D. Martin Luther King
英美文化概况试题5
山东经济学院2010--2011学年第 1学期期末试题 英美文化概况（110126）试卷（5） 注意事项：所有的答案都必须写在答题纸上，答在试卷上一律无效 Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. 3. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 4. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. 5. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. 6. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. 7. The Clinton Administration made national security, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of the American foreign policy. 8.It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. 9. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 10. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 11.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 12.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic” 13. When George W. Bush became President, his foreign policy has two prominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. 14. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. 15. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. 16. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. - 1 - （共页）
英美国家概况课后答案
英语国家概况（1）（2）问题库答案 1. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ? 1. British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores…. 2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland ? 2. Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. Thus it is not a big leap for the Scottish to imagine themselves independent again. Physically, Scotland is the most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (The Highlands), and in the south (The Southern Uplands). Three-quarters of the population lives in the lowland zone which spans the country between these two highland areas. The largest city is Glasgow, in the west of this zone. Scotland's capital city is Edinburgh, on the east coast forty miles away from Glasgow. It is renowned for its beauty, and dominated by its great castle on a high rock in the centre of the city. Both cities have ancient and internationally respected universities dating from the 15th century. 3. Describe Wales' unification with Great Britain. 3. Wales was always under pressure from its English neighbours, particularly after the Norman conquest, when Norman barons set up castles and estates in Wales under the authority of the English Crown. Some brief campaigns are the only times in history when Wales has existed as a unified independent nation. 4. Are there any differences between England and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ? 4.Yes, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use. 5. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there? 5. Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.
英美概况(英国篇1：英国的国土与人民 )
I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛-大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是曾为英国殖民地的、但现已独立国家所构成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊
英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列
英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列 Chapter: 13 geography 地理位置 1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Can ada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州.阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋.（本细节还有考“一句话简答”的可能） 2.The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest co untry in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China. 就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国. 3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smalles t.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country. 所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州. 4.The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,is also known as the C ontinental Divide. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭. 5.The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉.（本细节有考“一句话简答题”的可能）
英语国家概况—英国
Part One: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Land and People Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation (500BC~AD1066) Chapter 3 The Shape of the Nation (1066~1381) Chapter 4 Transition to the Modern Age (1455~1688) Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (1688~1990) Chapter 6 The Economy Chapter 7 Government and Administration Chapter 8 Justice the Law Chapter 9 Social Affairs Chapter 10 Cultural Affairs Chapter 1 Land, People and Language ?1 Different Names for Britain and its Parts The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The geographical names are the British Isles, Great Britain and England. People just say Britain, the United Kingdom or simply U.K. ?People England is the largest and most populous, almost a quarter of the people lives in England’s prosperous and fertile southeast, with over 7 million in the capital. The majority of the population are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe who went to England between the 5th and 7th centuries.These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country. Most people in W ales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. The Irish people were also of Celtic origin. About a hundred years ago, as a result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and a quarter of the world’s land area. ?Geographical Features There are 3 political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. The island of Ireland is divided into 2 parts: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Britain has, for centuries, been slowly tilting with the North-W est slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; the east and south-east are mostly lowlands. There are 3 natural zones of Scotland: the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands, and the southern Uplands.
英美文化概况简答论述整理
英美文化概况简答论述 简答： 1.The Functions of Parliament ① First and foremost, it passes laws. ②provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation. ③scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day. ④There are no legal restraints upon Parliament. However, it does not assert its supremacy, but bears the common law in mind and acts according to precedent. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 2.George Washington George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States. 3.The Open University The Open University ―founded in the 1960’s for people who might not get the opportunity for higher educarion for economic and social reasons.It’s open to everybody and doesn’t demand the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. Universities courses are following through TV, correspondence,videos and a net work of study centers. Ath the end of their studies at the Open University, successful students are awarded a university degree. Universities in the UK. 4.The strategy of Preemption In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption（先发制人）, which is formalized in the National Security Strategy issued in Sept. 2002. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction（大规模杀伤性武器）or has the potential to possess such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the Us is attacked. This is known as Bush Doctrine. 5. Comprehensive schools Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking. 6. The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.
[0035]《英美国家概况》
[0035]《英美国家概况》 1 The River Thames is the famous "mother" river in Britain. Also known as the Thame River, which originated in the Cotswold Hills in southwest England, it has a total length of 346 kilometers. It spans over 10 cities in London, the UK capital, and along rivers. The basin covers an area of 13,000 square kilometers and changes in the downstream river in London. Wide, forming an estuary with a width of 29 kilometers, into the North Sea. Upstream in London, there are many places of interest along the Thames, such as Eaton, Oxford, Henry and Windsor. The estuary of the Thames is full of Britain’s busy merchant ships, but its upstream river is known for its static beauty. In the history of the United Kingdom, the Thames River Basin occupies a pivotal position. 2 It is changeable. 3 The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize 6 The Comprehensive Secondary School system, instituted before 1960, has been developing rapidly. The system requires children to start receiving school education at the age of 5. After six years of study at primary schools, they a re eleven years old. But the “eleven plus” is no longer required. All pupils from primary schools can be admitted into this kind of secondary schools. After 6 years of study at these secondary schools, pupils reach the school-leaving age 16. All of them are required to sit for national examinations conducted by public examining boards. Those who do not want to receive higher education take easier examinations to win the General Certificate of Secondary Education with which they can leave school and look for full-time paid jobs. Those who want to attend university are required to take different public examinations and the examination papers are more difficult. 7 The Comprehensive Secondary School system, instituted before 1960, has been developing rapidly. The system requires children to start receiving school education at the age of 5. After six years of study at primary schools, they are eleven years old. But the “eleven plus” is no longer required. All pupils from primary schools can be admitted into this kind of secondary schools. After 6 years of study at these secondary schools, pupils reach the school-leaving age 16. All of them are required to sit for national examinations conducted by public examining boards. Those who do not want to receive higher education take easier examinations to win the General Certificate of Secondary Education with which they can leave school and look for full-time paid jobs. Those who want to attend university are required to take different public examinations and the examination papers are more difficult 9：The Mississippi river, also known as “old man river”, is the most important and largest river of theUnited States. Nearly all the rivers west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Rockies flow toward each other and empty into this largest river, the “father of waters”, ofAmerica. The
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
英美国家概况教学大纲
英语国家概况复习 The Republic of Ireland Geography and History 本章概论： 1. 爱尔兰共和国的地理特征 --- the Emerald Isle --- The Central Lowland --- bogs --- the Shannon River 2. 爱尔兰共和国的气候 --- mild, moist and changeable --- excessive rainfall 3. 爱尔兰共和国的人口和宗教 --- the Great Famine --- one of the most Catholic countries of Europe 4. 爱尔兰共和国历史 --- The arrival of St. Patrick in AD 432 5. 爱尔兰共和国的外交政策 --- neutrality and nonalignment 1. 简答题： Why Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle? ----- Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because of its rich green countryside. 爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫葱葱而被称为绿宝石岛 第一部分：Geographical Features 1. 识记要点： Why Ireland has been geographically compared to a basin？ ----- Ireland has been compared to a basin in which a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highlands. 2. 识记要点： The central plain area is characterized by many lakes, bogs (wet areas) and low ridges. Variety is the main feature of the lowlands. The Central Lowland is the heart of Ireland. 3. 简答题： What is the largest river in Ireland? Why is it very important? ----- The largest river in Ireland is the Shannon River. It is very important because it