2018年中考英语专题复习宾语从句

合集下载

2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编：宾语从句(教师卷)

最大最全最精的教育资源网2018 全国中考英语试题分类汇编：宾语从句1.— Could you please tell me _____“ The Readers” , a TV programme Dh o stedngQing?by— Well, it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.A.how do many people likeB.how many people watchC.why many people likeD.when many people watch【根源】四川达州【答案】 C【分析】句意：—你能告诉我为何好多人喜爱董卿的电视节目《读者》吗？—嗯，它很风趣，教给我们好多知识。

观察宾语从句。

宾语从句应使用陈说句序，清除A项；依据答语句意“它很风趣，教给我们好多知识”判断问句发问原由，从句连词用why 。

应选C。

2.–Jack, your T-shirt is so beautiful, could you tell me _______ it?–Oh, yes. I bought it in a store online.A.where did you buyB.where do you buyC.where you buyD.where you bought【根源】辽宁阜新【答案】 D【分析】句意：—杰克，你的体贴衫特别漂亮，你能告诉我你在哪里买的它吗？—哦，能够。

我在网上商铺里买的它。

依据I bought it in a store online. 可知此处用一般过去时，作为动词tell 的宾语从句，用陈说语序：疑问词+主语 +谓语 +宾语，应选 D 。

3.— Could you please tell me __________?— Last month.A.how long Daniel has been away from TaizhouB.how long Daniel stayed in TaizhouC.when Daniel will come back to TaizhouD.when Daniel left Taizhou【根源】江苏泰州【答案】D【分析】句意：-你能告诉我丹尼尔什么时候走开泰州的吗？-上个月。

2018年中考英语真题汇编----状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句(20201001232329)

2018年中考英语真题汇编----状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句一、状语从句（一）时间状语从句1.（上海）Mr Black walked around and offered help____we were doing an experiment.A:.while B.although C.until D.unless2.（湖北宜昌）---It has been much easier for me to go to work________ shared bikes appeared.----But they also caused plenty of problems.A. sinceB. beforeC. unlessD. though3.（河北）Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ________ you eat.A. untilB. afterC. whileD. before4.（天津）Tony was drawing a picture_______ I was doing my homework.A. ifB. becauseC. whileD. until5.（甘肃白银市）Never put off ____ tomorrow what you can do today.A. untilB.beforeC.whenD.as6.（贵州黔东南、黔南、黔西南）Jack has learned more about teamwork(团队合作) _______ he joined the soccer team.A. untilB. sinceC. whileD. though7.（湖北恩施）-- Excuse me. Is it my turn now?-- Not yet. Please wait outside ________ your name is called.A until B. since C. so8.（甘肃武威）Never put off ________ tomorrow what you can do today.A. untilB. beforeC. whenD. as9.（江苏宿迁）The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate _______ the guests arrived.A. whileB. whenC. unlessD. after10.（广东深圳）----Do you still remember our primary school teacher, Mrs. Liu?----Yes, she always encouraged us and gave us support______we met difficulties.A. wheneverB. whateverC. however11.（哈尔滨）---- What were you and your father doing at 7: 00 yesterday evening?----I was doing my homework_____ my father was reading newspapers.A.whenB. as soon asC. while12.（四川宜宾）She stopped talking her mother came into the room.A. as soon asB. unlessC. thoughKEY:1--5：AADCA;6--12:BAABA;CA.（二）条件状语从句1.（四川乐山）----Thank you for telling me so much knowledge aboutnature.mention it. you have more questions, come to me any time.----Don’ｔA. IfB. BecauseC. Though2.（福建A卷）You can surf the Internet you want to know about the 2020 World Middle School Games.A. untilB. afterC. if3.（内蒙呼和浩特）you must go and play football，at least wait until school is over．A．If B．Whether C．Unless D．So that4.（四川眉山）.—Learning to love is like learning to walk—Yes, ______we step out bravely, we’ll find it’s not so difficult.A. as ifB. even thoughC. as long asD. as far as5.（长春）The sky is much bluer __________ we have taken action to protect the environment.A. becauseB. beforeC. untilD. unless6.（重庆B卷）Lots of people exercise every morning_____ bad weather stops them.A.ifB.unlessC.untilD.since7.（山东临沂）When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime,you may feel lonely _______ you can find someone to have lunchwith.A. ifB. unlessC. afterD. becauseKEY;1---7:ACACD; BB.（三）让步状语从句1.（湖北孝感）_______Square Dancing is good exercise for the old, sometimes it makes a lot of noise.A.IfB.AlthoughC.UntilD.Because2.（湖南郴州）My grandfather does Chinese Kung Fu every day _________ he is over eighty.A. sinceB. thoughC. until3.（山东潍坊）You will miss the flight ______ you catch a Didi car.A. even ifB. as ifC. untilD.before4.（安徽）Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own, ______ he is only four years old.A. ifB. thoughC. forD. sincethe same 5..（河南）The word “racecar”,and “level”are“kayak”　_____they are read left to right or right to left.A.sinceB.thoughC.unlessD.whether6.（海南）the girl is only six years old, she knows more than 300 ancient Chinese poems.A. IfB. UnlessC. Although7.（山东滨州）—What do you think of your junior high school life?—I think it is enjoyable, I sometimes have some trouble in study.A.ifB. thoughC. whileD. untilKEY: 1--5:BBABB; 6--7:CB（四）原因状语从句many 1.（重庆A卷）It’s hard for us to say goodbye ______ we have so happy days to remember.A.soB.becauseC.althoughD.until2.（北京）Many people like pandas they are cute.A. thoughB. ifC. whileD. becauseKEY:BD（五）目的状语从句（山东东营）---What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere. ----Let’s collect and put them in the right place _____ they can be used conveniently.A.unlessB.so thatC.becauseD.so long asKEY:B二、宾语从句1.（重庆A卷）---Excuse me ! Do you know ______?----It’s tow kilometers away from here.A.where is the supermarketB.when does the supermarket openB.where the supermarket is D.when the supermarket opens1.（重庆B卷）---Could you please tell me _______ ?------In two weeks.A.when did he come backB.how soon will he come backB.when he came back D.how soon he will come back2.（四川南充）----Could you please tell me _______?-----Sorry, I don’t know. You may ask Mr. Black over there.A.who does the robot belong toB.who the robot belongs toB.who did the robot belong to D.who the robot belonged to4.（四川乐山）----Could you please tell me ?----Of course. About ten minutes’ ride.A.how far is it from the schoolB. how far it is fromthe schoolB.how often you go to the school5.（四川宜宾）Do you know ?A.how old is heB. how old he isC. he is how old6.（连云港）----Do you know ?----On July 15th. So after the exam, you can enjoy most of thematches.A．when will the 2018 Football World Cup endB．when the 2018 Football World Cup will endC．where will the 2018 Football World Cup be heldD．where the 2018 Football World Cup will be held7.（山西）---Sir, it’s true that being happy is an ability. So can you tell me ______ ?---Yes. Just as President Xi says, “Happiness is achieved through hard work”A.how we can find happinessB.who can helpachieve happinessC.why happiness is so important to uso 8.（湖北孝感）----Excuse me, I’m doing a survey. May I know _____ t pay ?----About five times a week.A.when you choose WechatB.Whether did you try WechatC.how often you use WechatD.why do you prefer Wechat9.（湖北武汉）--- I wonder______.- --I' m not sure yet.A. which is hersB. which hers isC. Whether is it hersD. whether hers it is10（湖北黄冈）----1 really want to watch Operation Red Sea(红海行动). Could you tell me ________ ?----- Sure. It'll be on show at Town Cinema.A.when will it he on showB. when it will be on showB.where will it be on show D. where it will he on show11.（湖北襄阳）---Could you tell me ?---Sure, I’ll come back in three days.A. when will you come backB. how long have you stayedthereC. why you went thereD. how soon you will comeback12.（四川成都）---How beautiful your skirt is! Could you please tell me ?----Thanks. I bought it on Taobao.A. where you bought itB. when you bought itC. why you bought it13.（河北）– Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ________?--Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.A. which was the way to the stationB. why we should meet at the stationC. when we should get to the stationD. who we should meet at the station14.（天津）---Please tell me______.---At ten o’clockA. where you have your English lessonB. where do you have your English lessonC. what time you have your English lessonD. what time do you have your English lesson15.（甘肃白银市）What lovely flowers ! Could you please tell me _____?A. why did you get themB. where you got themC.when will you get themD.how will you get them16.（山东临沂）--- Excuse me, could you please tell me _______ fromhere to the airport?--- Sure, It's about 100 kilometers.A. how far it isB. how long it takesC. how far is itD. how long does it take17.（山东潍坊）We were all disappointed at ______.A.what does the boy sayB.what the boy saysC.what did the boy sayD.what the boy said18.（山东青岛）----I don’t know ____ tomorrow.----You can ask our teacher right now.A.if we take the bus thereB.when will we leaveC.what will we doD.how we will go there19.（福建A卷）----Karl Marx is a great thinker. Do you know ?----In 1818.A.where he was fromB. when he was bornC. how he learned foreign languages20.（北京）——Alice, could you tell me London?——Sure. Last SundayA.when Mr.Smith leftB. when Mr.Smith wi11 leaveC. when did Mr.Smith leaveD. when will Mr.Smithleave21（安徽）－I wonder ______ Jane gets on so well with her classmates.－Because she always cares much about others.A. whetherB. howC. whenD. why22.（甘肃武威）What lovely flowers! Could you please tell me_______ ?A. why did you get themB. where you got themC. when will you get themD. how will you get them23.（江苏宿迁）---Could you tell me_______?----In five minutes, at 10: 25.A. when did the next underground arriveB. when the next underground arrivedC. when will the next underground arriveD. when the next underground will arrive24.（河南）---Excuse me, Do you know _____?---Sorry, I don’t know either.A.how to check out a bookB.when will the concertbeginC.that there is a bank near hereD.how long the meetingwould last25.（四川达州）----Could you please tell me ______, “ The Readers”, a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing ?----Well, it’s fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.A.how do many people likeB.how many people watchC.why many people likeD.when many people watch26..（内蒙呼和浩特）— Many people talk about “Didi”．I really wonder．—Just call to order a taxi through it on yourmobile phone．A．how can I use it B．how I can use itC．why people use it D．why do people use it27.（海南）–Your handbag looks nice. Could you please tell me ?－In Taobao.A. where did you buy itB. where you bought itC. when you bought it28..（江苏连云港）—Do you know ?—On July 15th. So after the exam, you can enjoy most of the matches.A. when will the 2018 Football World Cup endB. when the 2018 Football World Cup will endC. where will the 2018 Football World Cup be heldD. where the 2018 Football World Cup will be held29.（哈尔滨）-- Could you tell me _______?----I’m not sure. Maybe this weekend.A. how we’ll clean up the city parkB. where shall we clean up the cityC. when we’ll clean up the city park30.（四川乐山）----Could you please tell me ______?-----Of course. About ten minutes’ ride.A. how far is it from the schoolB. how far it is from the schoolC. how often you go to the school31..（江苏盐城）-- --Could you tell me _________?---- Oh, she is the world's first robot citizen, Sophia.A. what the tall girl isB. what is the tall girlC. who the tall girl isD. who is the tall girl32.（江苏南京）. Before you start reading, ask yourself_____ you are reading this book. Most people read for two main reasons, p leasure or knowledge.A. whyB. whatC. whereD. when33.（江苏南京）Which of the following sentences has an object clause?A. His mother called him Robbie when he was a babyB. On Mars you might see people who wear special bootsC. Mr. Green tells us that we'd better use the Internet properlyD. Our life has improved because the environment is getting better.34.（四川眉山）.—Could you tell me_______?—The movie fast and furious 8(速度与激情8).A. Where you see the movieB.Where did you see the movieC.Which movie you like bestD.Which movie do you like best35.（山东滨州）—Dad, can you tell me ? I miss her very much.—Next month, dear.A.when my mum will come backB. when will my mum come backC. how my mum goes to workD. where will my mum go36.（四川凉山）-----Do you know yesterday?---Yes. She was ill in hospital.A. why didn’t Jenny go to schoolB. why doesn’t Jenny go to schoolC. why Jenny didn't go to schoolD. Jenny doesn't go to school37.（黑龙江绥化）He asked me_________.A. if I would go skating with himB. when did Ibuy the CDC ,that I had a good time38.（长春）- - Your bicycle is so nice. Could you tell me___________ ?---Of course. At the shop near my home.A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. where you bought itD. where did you buy itKEY:1--5:BDBBB; 6--10:DACDB; 11--15:DACCB; 16--20:ADDBA; 21---25:DBDDC;26--30:BBDCB; 31--35:CACCA; 36--38:CAC三、定语从句1.（四川宜宾）That’s the boy won the first prize in the competition yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whom2.（湖北黄冈）---- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.---- We will. Miss Chen.A. WhichB. whomC. whoD. whose3.（四川成都）----Is this the new dictionary _ you gotyesterday?----Yes. Now it's very convenient for me to look up words.A. thatB. whyC. what4.（湖南郴州）--Do you know the student _______got an A in the English exam?---Of course. She is my deskmate, Li HongA. whoB. whomC. whose5.（甘肃白银市）I really like the family photo _____ we took on myth birthday.grandpa’s 80A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whose6.（山东临沂）My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings.A. theyB. whoC. whichD. /7.（福建A卷）Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist is leadinga search to develop “sea rice”．A. whoB. whichC. whom8.（甘肃武威）I really like the family photo _________ we took on mygrandpa's 80th birthday.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. whose9.（河南）Everyone who is a server or ______has been one knows thatcustomers always come first.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which10.（四川达州）----Have you watched the play “In the name of People” ? ---It’s the most popular play ______our Party’strying to struggleagainst corruption（反对腐败）A.where showB.which showC.that showsD.whoshows11.（贵州安顺）--Only You i s a TV program is popular with mostyoung people.--Yes, it is definitely true.A. thatB. whoseC. whatD. who12.（新疆乌鲁木齐）The teacher_______I like best often encouragesme______my dream.A. who; fight forB. that; to fight forC. which; to fight forD. which; fight for13.（内蒙呼和浩特）— Do you like the weekly talk show，The Readers，on CCTV?— Sure．It’ s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public．A．which B．that C．what D．whose14.（哈尔滨）----Qingdao is the most beautiful city ____ I’ve ever been to.----So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year.A.thatB. whichC. what15.（湖南邵阳）T h e man______ is talking to my math teacher is myfather.A. whoB. whichC. what16.（四川眉山）We are talking about the piano and the pianist______werein the concert last night.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom17.（山东滨州）You are talented young adults______are full of hope forthe future.B.which B. whenC. whoD. where18.（黑龙江绥化）She is a teacher__ ________has much teaching experience.A. whoseB. whoC. whom19.（长春）Jack likes being with the classmates __________are outgoing and kind.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. whoKEY: 1--5：ACAAB; 6--10：CABCC; 11--15：ABDAA; 16--19：CCBD。

2018中考英语语法专题宾语从句讲解+练习(无答案)

宾语从句一、宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在复合句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。

中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连接代词和连接副词的选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。

二、宾语从句的引导词从属连词含义或指代在从句中充当的成分that 无含义不充当成分，可省略whether / if “是否”不充当成分连接代词who 主格whom 宾格whatwhichwhose代人代人代物代人、代物代人、代物主语、宾语、表语宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语、定语主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词whenwherewhyhow代时间代地点代原因代方式时间状语地点状语原因状语方式状语三、用法1、宾语从句的引导词（1）that 无意义，不充当成分，常可省略。

Betty thinks that trees improves the air. 贝蒂认为树可以改善空气。

I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天能下雪。

I believe that we’ll become good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。

（2）whether/if “是否”，不充当成分。

I can’t remember whether/if I have seen him before. 我记不清以前是否见过他。

He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday. 他问周日我们是否会出去钓鱼。

Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to come early tomorrow. 汤姆想知道明天他是否有必要早来。

He doesn’t know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。

2018年中考英语语法讲解与练习—宾语从句(附练习答案)

2018中考语法讲解与练习——宾语从句英语语法是英语的重要部分，在中考的选择题、语法填空、改错、造句以及作文都会涉及，本套练习从既有讲解又有练习，是复习的好资料，提分的好助手。

语法讲解：宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...②关于宾语从句连词的选择：若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。

) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to theheadmaster.(我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。

) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I saysomething for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。

) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )③宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。

如：I think I willdo better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。

) / The teacher asked the boy if theearth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。

2018年中考英语语法复习专题十四宾语从句和定语从句

This is the factory where my father works.
Do you know the reason why he was late?
【巧学妙记】定语从句的用法主句型, 从句型, 两种句子要完整。从句紧跟先行词, 关系词引导要弄清。定人要用who或whom, 定物which当先用。关系代词用that, 定人定物有本领。 when用来定时间, where用来定地点。关系代词作成分, 唯作宾语可省略。
called bluegogo is getting more and more popular in
Chengdu.
A. it
B. who
C. which
【解析】选C。考查定语从句的用法。句意: 一种名叫 “小蓝单车”的共享自行车在成都正变得越来越受欢迎。关系词who和which都可引导定语从句, who指代人; which指代物, 这里的先行词bike是物, 应用which引导定语从句。故选C。
时, 不管主句使用什么时态, 从句都用一般现在时
语序
从句一律用陈述语序, 即主语+谓语
①that在从句中作宾语时可以省略; 作主语时不能省略
引 ②what, when, where, how, whatever, whenever, 导 wherever, who, whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连词接词
表语 I don’t know the girl who/that/whom you are waiting for.
先行词
物
人
关系词作用
例句
that, which
whose
主语、 She can’t find the pen 宾语、 that/which I lent to her.

英语中考总复习语法专题十四宾语从句

略，句尾有 He asked if I could go to the movies or not时用 with him tonight. 他问我今晚是否 whether 能和他一起去看电影。
2.时态(遵循三大原则) (1)需要性原则：主句若是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时), 从句时态随句意。如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.他已告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。 (2)呼应性原则：主句若是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行时), 从句用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
3. (2016省卷45题)—I wonder ____D____. —It will fall on this Saturday. A.how will National Day fall on this year B. how National Day will fall on this year C. what day will National Day fall on this year D. what day National Day will fall on this year
针对此类试题，掌握三点拿分窍门：首先，排除非陈述句语序的选项；其次，根据语境或语境中的标志词判断时态；最后，根据语境判断引导词。
1.语序
宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其它部分”。如：I don't know . 2.引导词
引导词 that
பைடு நூலகம்

2018中考英语知识点：宾语从句的语法意义及结构

2018中考英语知识点：宾语从句的语法意义及结构
新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始，为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略，主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容，帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络，理清做题思路，希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩！
宾语从句的语法意义及结构
语法意义：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

宾语从句通常由连词（that，whether，if）、连接代词（which，what，who，whose，whom）或连接副词（where，how，when，why）等引导。

及物动词、介词或某些系表结构后可带宾语从句。

句型结构：主语+谓语+引导词+主语+谓语（+其他成分）。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

中考英语专项复习——宾语从句【宾语从句命题】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。

【考点诠释】宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。

其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：一、连接词宾语从句的连接词分为三类：1. 引导陈述句用纯连接词that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。

2. 引导一般疑问句用if或whether，句中翻译为“是否”。

注意：下列几种情况通常使用whether：（1）在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not 连用时，往往用whether；（2）在介词之后用whether；（3）在不定式前用whether等。

3. 引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。

（连接代词和连接副词，“黄金搭档”原则）一Excuse me，could you tell me__________?——There's a bank on the second floor．You can make it there．[黄冈市]A where I can change moneyB how I can get to the bankC if there's a bank near here D．where the bank is二、语序在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律是用“连接词＋陈述句语序”，其标点符号由主句来决定。

1．--Do you know ______________now?一In the People's Hotel．[北京市]A where is Tom workingB where did Tom workC．where Tom is working D．where Tom worked三、时态1. 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情况使用任何一种相关的时态。

2. 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。

3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。

4. 情态动词could / would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。

Excuse me, could you tell me when __the new Olympic Center? [沈阳市]A．are we visited B will we visit C we are visited D we will visit----Could you tell me whom the radio _________by?一Sorry，I have no idea．[福州市]A．invents B invented C is invented D．was invented（河北）I didn’t understand __________, so I raised my hand to ask.. A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher sayC. what my teacher saidD. what did my teacher say四、否定转移当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时，应在主句上加以否定。

五、简化宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”、“it +形容词+不定式短语”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。

I don’t know what I should do with the let ter. （改为简单句）（山东烟台）I don’t know what ___________ ___________ with the letter.六、注意点if / when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。

if / when引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“是否”和“何时”，此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。

if 和when引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果”和“当……的时候”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。

七、综合考查--Did Mr White tell you________-?--Yes. He said he went there in 2013. [福州市]A. when he traveled to TibetB. how he goes to WuhanC. Where he spent his holidaysD. why did he visit Kunming【语法回顾】宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。

根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1. 由that引导的宾语从句。

That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。

例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想呆在家里。

She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.她不知道她病得很严重。

I am sure (that) he will succeed.我确信他会成功。

2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？He asked whose handwriting was the best.他问谁的书法最好。

Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? 你能告诉我3路公共汽车站在哪儿吗？I d on’t know why the train is late.我不知道火车为什么晚了。

I can't imagine why he did that thing．我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。

Do you know why we have put off the sports meet till next month? 你知道我们为什么把运动会推迟到下个月吗?以上两个例句的宾语从句相当于一个特殊疑问句，分别为：why did he do that thing?和Why have youput off the sports meet till next month?由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。

请看下列两组句子：How much does this coat cost? 这件衣服值多少钱?I want to know how much this coat costs．我想知道这件衣服值多少钱。

Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了?Please tell me where you went yesterday．请告诉我你昨天去哪儿了。

当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。

What's wrong with you? 怎么了?He asked the girl what was wrong with her．他问这个女孩怎么回事了。

What's the matter? 怎么了?He asked the girl what was the matter．他问这个女孩怎么了。

What has happened to him? 他发生什么事了?We want to know what has happened to him．我们想知道他发生了什么事。

同类句式还有：Who broke the window? 谁打破的窗户?Who is in the classroom? 谁在教室里?What made him so angry．什么使得他如此生气。

3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

表示“是否”，二者通常可以互换。

例如：Lily asked if/whether she liked it.莉莉问她是否喜欢它。

I want to know if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住在这儿。

He asked me whether (if) I could help him.他问我是否可以帮助他。

但语义有点区别：1）whether强调犹豫和选择，多见于书面语中；if 只限于条件，常用于口语。

例如：Write and tell me whether I'm to come. 请写信告诉我，我是否该来。

Write and tell me if I'm to come. 如果我该来，请写信告诉我（相当于说：若我不必来，那就不用费心写信给我了。

）2）whether可引导各种名词性从名和让步状语从句，if 只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句。

由if引导的从句，首先要弄清楚是宾语从句，还是条件状语从句，然后再确定时态。

若是引导条件状语从句，谓语动词应用一般现在（过去）时代替一般将来（过去将来）时。

例如：If you don't go soon, you’ll be late.如果你不马上去就会迟到。

当if引导一个非真实条件句时，从句的谓语动词应用过去式（如果是be, 则不论主语的人称和数，一律用were）,主句谓语动词用“would+动词原形”。

例如：If everyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.如果每个国民都懂得急救（的知识），许多生命就会得以挽救。

3）whether和if都可以与or no连用。

但if与or not之间常需要用词语隔开，而whether与or not可连用，也可隔开。

例如：Can you tell me whether or not the train has left?(=Can you tell me whether the train has left or not?)你能告诉我火车是否离开了吗?I don't care if your car breaks down or not .我不在乎你的汽车是否坏了。