英语语法----介词Preposition(Prep.)

英语语法----介词Preposition（Prep.）英语语法----介词Prepsitin（Prep）一、定义：用在n（或相当于n的其它词类、短语或从句）之前，说明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词，又称前置词。

二、分类：3种1．简单介词（Siple Prepsitins）eg abut, abve, behind, besides, dn, during, in, near, rund, sine, tards, ith 2．复合介词（pund Prepsitins）eg fr ang, fr behind, fr under, inside, utside, ithin, ithut, int, nt, ut f, upn, thrughut3．短语介词（Phrasal Prepsitins）eg arding t, apart fr（除……之外）, as a result f, as fr/t（至于，关于）, beause f, due t（由于）, in additin t（除……之外，不但= besides, in frnt f,in spite f(尽管), instead f, ing t（由于）三、常见简单介词的基本用法1abut 1)关于，有关egI have nt heard s uh ~ hi I dn’t n hat u’re taling ~2）差不多，大约egAbut 00 Ss attended the leture Abut hen ill u g abrad?3）表示地点：在周围，在附近，各处，到处egTrees are planted ~ the laeThe live sehere~ the Peple’s SquareDn’t leave ur bs~ ur des I haven’t an sall hange ~/n e 4）“即将”（近期将）egThe fil is ~ t begin It’s nearl 7:00 The train is ~ t leave2abve 1）在……上方egA bird is fling abve the ds There is a prtrait abve the blabard 2）（在数量上）超过egThe an is nt et frt, but ell ~thirtThe nuber f ne Ss this ear is ~fur hundred3）（能力等）胜过，超越；因太困难、太好而不…… eg The prble is ~ e （这问题太难我不懂。

）hn is ~ all the ther Ss in atheatis3arss 1）在……对面/对过egunle lives ~ he There is a bshp ~ the street2）横越，横过egThe little girl helped the blind an ~ the riverThe tall tree fell dn ~ the street3）经过…… egThe revlutin develped arss the hle entur4after 1）在……后（时间）egAfter r/lass, e ent he exept hiThe da ~ trr e ill g t Shanghai2）在……的后面（顺序）egPlease shut/ lse the dr after/behind u3）仿照，按照（引申意义）egRead after e , please Rerite the flling sentenes ~ the delA ne hurh ill be built ~the ld ne4）追求（引申意义）eghat are u after? h, here is the thing I’afterIf u run ~ t hares, u’ll ath neither）固定词组：egafter all l after = tae are fagainst 1）靠，倚，碰egThe rain as beating~ the inds He put the ladder against the all He as leaning ~the ind, reading The an sa a hare run ~ a tree 2）反对，禁止（引申意义）ege are fr peae and ~ar Is there anbd ~ the suggestin?3）违反，违背（引申意义）egThis sentene is ~graarIn the ld das girls ere arried ~ their n illNbd shuld d anthing ~the la4）顶着，对着ege plaed the first half （上半场）~ the indLearning is lie sailing a bat ~ the urrent(气流)治学如同逆水行舟。

）防备，准备（引申意义）egThe saved fire d（干柴）~ inter an is fighting a battle ~ pllutin 6alng 顺着，沿着egTrees are planted ~ the streetaling ~ Naning Rad esterda, I et an ld friend f ine7ang 在……当中/中间≥3 egXia Sun is the best ne ~ his lassates The teaher is sitting~ the Ss 8arund 1）在……的周围，围绕egShe ears a nelae/ath ~ her ne/ristThe earth turns /ges/ travels ~ the sun2）在……各处egHe did a lt f travel ~ the untr during the suer hlidase shed ur apanese friends ~ ur shl3）大约（时间、数量）egarund / abut thirt ears ld A big elephant a eigh ~five tns4）在……那边egThere is a shl shp ~ the shl librarArund the rner f the street, u’ll see a send-hand bshp（旧书店）9at 1）表示时间、地点、价钱、速度、年龄egat ten ’l at the shl at the age f 40at (a speed f ) 10 iletres an hurPeple lie t bu eggs fr hi beause he sells at a ler prieNte: 表示价格时，at须和prie连用，如只说具体价钱，则用。

eg I bught this ditinar fr 60 uan2）表示动作之方向、目的：朝，向egHe thre a stne at a dg The fx ran at the bHe sht at the bird, but issed it /didn’t sht it3）处于某种状态（引申意义）ege are at eeting The t untries are at ar4）表示引起某种情绪的原因。

ege are surprised at ur suess The ere sad at hearing suh bad nes）在……号召，召集，请求下（引申意义）egHe rte the letter at ur requestIn tber 1986, Queen Elizabeth II f the Great Britain visited hina atthe invitatin f the hinese gvernent6）固定词组中：egat first, at last, at (the )st, at (the )least, at ne, at present, at he,at night, at the beginning, at the sae tie, nt at all et10befre 1）在……的前面（位置）反义behind egHe as standing ~ the lass, read t speaNever put the art befre the hrse 不要本末倒置。

2）在……以前（时间）反义after egHand in ur paper~ Sunda e get up ~ six ever rning11behind 1）在……的后面（位置）egThe garage(车库)is ~ the huse He ae ut fr ~ the dr2）迟于，晚于，误时/点egThe train is behind tieThe plane as t hurs ~ tie beause f the str3）劣于，不如，落后egld father is behind the tiesBeause f his illness, he is ~ the thers in his studies12bel 1）在……下面egHis ffie is bel ine The teperature tda is ~ freezing pint2）低于egHe is bel e in the lass13beside 1）在……的旁边egHe sat beside e at dinner The it’s largest stadiu stands ~ a lae 2）相比（引申意义）egEnglish is pr beside urs3）离题，与……无关egThis is ~ the tpi fr disussinhat u are taling abut is ~the pint14besides 除……之外（还）ege all ent t Beiing ~ ur teaherI lie atheatis, phsis, besides EnglishBesides being the largest it in hina, Shanghai is als the entre f industr, eduatin, siene and ultureBesides:表示加法，“除了……还有……”Exept:表示减法，“把……不算在其中” egHe lies different inds f sprts besides ftballHe lies different inds f sprts exept ftball其它运动项目+ 足球≠足球不在内的多种不同运动项目Nte: expet fr (除去部分与前面叙述内容不属于同一范畴)eg His psitin is gd exept fr se spelling istaes(expet fr在意义上=exept that)1beteen 1) 在两者之间ege t ffie beteen 10 and 11 ’lhat’s the di fferene beteen“beteen”and“ang”?2)表示两者以上的相互关系egAfter the eah tuhed the elephant, the six blind en quarreled beteen theselvesThere is se little differene beteen the three rdsNte: beteen ≈ ang egThe village lies beteen the three hills The teaher is sitting ang the Ss 16bend 1)远在……之外egThe ae fr bend the seas (海外)The aident happened bend the squareBend the village is a river 村那面有条河2)超过,胜过,为……所不及egThe b is bend e 这本书我看不懂。