高考英语语法介词归纳总结

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高中英语语法介词归纳总结

高中英语语法介词归纳总结

高中英语语法介词归纳总结【高中英语语法介词归纳总结】1. 介词的定义和作用介词是连接词组或句子的词语,它可以表示位置、方向、时间、原因、目的、手段、比较等概念。

在句子中,介词通常和名词、代词、动名词或动词的-ing形式构成介词短语,起到修饰或补充说明的作用。

2. 介词的分类2.1 方位介词:用来表示位置、方向或空间关系,例如:in(在……里面)、on(在……上)、under(在……下面)、beside(在……旁边)等。

2.2 时间介词:用来表示时间的关系,例如:at(在……时刻)、on (在……日期)、in(在……期间)、since(从……以来)等。

2.3 表示原因和目的的介词:例如:because of(因为)、due to(由于)、for(为了)、to(到达)等。

2.4 表示手段和比较的介词:例如:by(通过)、with(用)、like (像)、than(比)等。

3. 介词使用的注意事项3.1 固定搭配:有些介词只能和特定的词语搭配使用,例如:depend on(依赖)、believe in(相信)、take care of(照顾)等。

3.2 介词后的宾语:宾语通常是名词、代词或动名词,而且在形式上要与介词相匹配。

例如:for me(对我来说)、of them(他们的)、with singing(用唱歌的方式)。

3.3 介词短语位置:介词短语通常放在句子中适当的位置,以使句子结构更加清晰和流畅。

例如:The book on the table is mine.(桌子上的书是我的。

)4. 常用介词示例4.1 位置和方向介词:in(在……里面)、at(在……处)、on (在……上)、into(进入)、out of(离开)、off(离开)、up(上升)、down(下降)等。

4.2 时间介词:at(在……时刻)、on(在……日期)、in(在……期间)、since(从……以来)、before(在……之前)等。

高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总

高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总

高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总介词不能单独使用,必须后跟宾语,构成介词短语在句中使用,介词短语由介词+宾语构成,在句中可作状语、定语和表语等。

in, on, to, with, by, for, at, from, up, beyond, before, among, of, off, against, like, since, besides, behind, during等aboutbe about to …即将做……What/How about …?……怎么样for交换:He sold the house for 50,000 yuan.达到某一数值:She wrote a check for £20.赞成,拥护:I’m for getting up early and going to bed early.固定搭配:for one thing首先for example例如for ever永远for the time being 暂时,目前for instance 例如for free免费for the first time 第一次for sale出售,待售watch out for警惕long for 渴望for one’s good为(某人)好with和……一起::He is playing table tennis with Tom.用……工具:Don’t write with a pencil.随着:The weather changes with seasons.带有,具有:Our company needs people with specialized knowledge.行为方式:Handle with care!原因:She shivered with cold.注意:with的复合结构:常在句中作状语,表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。

She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)她经常开着窗户睡觉。

高考英语语法填空技巧分类突破:介词

高考英语语法填空技巧分类突破:介词

短语介词: according to 、 out of 、 because of、 by means of、 in spite of 、 instead of
双重介词 : from behind /above / under , until after
分词介词 :considering , including , judging from /b
8. On 与 about 区别
简单区分:about通俗大众;on学术【专业】性强
on与about 二者都是介词,意为“关于,论及” 等,一般情况下,二者可以互相替换,但二者有 点区别:about常用于简单的或浅显的论述等,是 一般用语,多用于讲故事,谈话;思考等; on多 用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等,具有学术性, 如:The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. It's very moving. He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于 党史的报告。
10 表原因的介词:
for , because of , due to , owing to , on account of , as a result of 1. He didn’t come to the meeting ______ his illness 2. The reason ______ his being angry is that he lost his cell phone. 3. ______ a heavy snow , the highway has been closed up. 4. The accident is ______ the driver’s drinking .

高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 介词

高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 介词

介词介词又叫做前置词,是一种虚词,不能单独在句子当中担当成分,它后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类搭配(介词+宾语)构成介词短语;和动词搭配构成短语动词,然后才能够在句子当中充当成分。

介词分为简单介词,如:at, in, on, besides, since, for等;合成介词,如:inside, outside, without, within, into, onto等;短语介词(或成语介词),如:because of, in front of, instead of, in spite of等;二重介词,如:from behind, until after等。

一、介词短语的句法功能介词在句子中可以充当定语、状语、表语、以及宾语补足语等。

1.作定语介词短语在句中做定语时须位于被修饰词之后。

The key to the door is missing.The water-tower in front of our school was built in 1988.2.作表语(或称为:主语的补足语)Some students are in the classroom, and some on the playground.As we know, Japan is to the east of China.3.作宾语补足语(或称为:宾语的表语)Did you see a pen under my desk this morning?They have sent another rocket into the sky.4.作状语1)On Sundays, the family are mostly out. (时间状语)2)On top of the hill stands a TV tower. (地点状语)3)He is used to sleeping with all the windows open. (伴随状语)4)In the search for the lost child, the villagers went all out. (目的状语)5)All the work must be done by hand. (方式状语)6)At times, I go to the cinema. (频度状语)7)She is by fa r the best student in our class. (程度状语)8)Because of poverty, he couldn’t go to school. (原因状语)9)To my surprise, he got the first prize in the contest. (结果状语 / 或评注性状语)10)Without our Party, we couldn’t live a happy life. (条件状语)11)In spite of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through. (让步状语)12)As a matter of fact, nobody agreed to his project. (评注性状语)In my opinion,you’d better go with us.二、介词的复合结构“介词+宾语+补足语”可以构成介词的复合结构,在句子当中可充当表语、定语、状语、补语等。

高考英语语法介词复习知识点总结

高考英语语法介词复习知识点总结

高考英语语法介词复习知识点总结
1.表示时间段的介词
(1)in , after
in +时间段,表示从现在起往后推算一段时间
after +时间段,表示过去某时间往后推算一段时间,如:
Hell come back in two days. 但钟点用after( after three oclock)
He left on July 2 and returned after three days.
(2)in , during
表示在一段特指的时间内,可用in 或during
The work was done in / during the holidays.
表示年份、月份、季节用in , 如:in 1999 ,in June , in winter (3)for the past + 时间段, during
表示在最近一段时间内,句中谓语动词常用现在完成时
I have been in Shanghai in the last few years.
(4)for 表示延续一段时间
Ill study in the U.S for two years.
Ive waited for Bingo for half an hour.。

英语语法介词归纳总结

英语语法介词归纳总结
【答案】B
【解析】
考查词组。A. in terms of就---而言;B. in favor of支持;C. on account of为了---的缘故;D. in response to对---有反应。句意:虽然这种产品有利环保,但因其价格昂贵,几乎无人问津。故选B。
11.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon, which, _____misunderstanding, is not always dark.
考点:考查介词用法
16.Don't put your bicycle______ the window. The glass can be easily broken.
A.againstB.withC.beyondD.for
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:不要把你的自行车倚着窗子。玻璃可能很容易被弄坏。A.put against把……靠在……上;B. put with忍受;C.put beyond远离;D.put for向……前进,努力进取。由句意可知选A。
A.in preparation B.in place
C.in possession D.in particular
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查词组。A. in preparation在准备中;B. in place适当的;C. in possession占有,持有;D. in particular尤其,特别。句意:在离开家之前,要向主人表达感谢。结合句意可知答案为B。
5.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.

高中英语:介词和介词短语语法总结

高中英语:介词和介词短语语法总结

高中英语:介词和介词短语语法总结介词的分类考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,使用频率相当高,其用法跟冠词一样复杂。

但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看,考生需要掌握以下内容。

1.表示相同或相似概念的介词(短语)的区别2.常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别3.容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组【难点释疑】一、常用介词辨异1. about,on,of 关于①on多用于慎重的、正式的语言交际场合。

常见于"学术上"的"论文"或"演说"等题目,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读,有"论及"之意。

②about表示的内容多为普遍、不那么正式,有"述及"之意。

③of作"关于"讲,表示提及、涉及某人(事)时,只表示事情存在或发生,并不涉及详情;有时与about意义相近,但有时意义很不同,常与动词know、hear、learn(听说)、speak、talk、think、tell等连用。

2. except,except for,except that,but,besides,beside①except"除……之外",指不包括……,后面常接名词、代词(人称代词常用宾格),还可接介词短语、副词和动词不定式,此时相当于but,但不定式常不带to。

②except for"除了,只有",意思和except一样,主要指说明基本情况后,而在细节上加以修正,后面常接名词性短语。

③except that"除了,只是",意思和except、except for一样。

但在用法上,其后常接名词性从句,也可接when、where等词引导的其他从句。

④but所含"除……外"的意思不如except明确。

but多用在代词(主要是不定代词、否定代词和疑问代词)之后。

⑤besides表示"除……外还有",所排除的事物常包括在所述范围之内。

英语语法介词归纳总结

英语语法介词归纳总结
考点:考查介词短语辨析
5.At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.
A.out of sightB.out of reach
C.out of orderD.out of place
【答案】C
【解析】
用和视频平台到达广大用户。A. in honor of向……致敬;B. in view of考虑到;C. by virtue of借助于;D. by way of通过。根据句意可知,此处要表达“借助于”。故选C项。
【点睛】
对于介词辨析题目,首先可以从句意着手,看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键,其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的基本知识进行考查,学生在平时的学习中要勤积累,多记忆,多多积累,以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出,还有的是一些固定搭配,需要了如指掌。
8.(2015•湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ___________that if you smoked here you would be fined.
15.Breaking up is the business of the two lovers, ________ no other person should be involved.
A.whichB.in that
C.thatD.in which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:分手是两个相爱的人的事,其他人不应该卷入。先行词是前面一句话,“被卷入”用be involved in,in介词提前,关系代词要用which,故选D。
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高考英语语法介词归纳总结一、单项选择介词1.St. Louis has replaced Camden, New Jersey ______ the most dangerous US city, according to a study based on FBI crime data which was released Monday.A.for B.to C.as D.with【答案】C【解析】考查介词的用法。

句意“根据一项周一发布的基于FBI犯罪数据的研究,圣路易斯已经取代卡姆登和新泽西,成为美国最危险的城市。

”A“为了”;B“到......”;C“作为”;D“和,带有”。

故选C。

2.The police are reopening the investigation ________ the new evidence.A.in tune with B.in conflict withC.in light of D.in place of【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。

句意:警方正根据新的证据重新展开调查。

A. in tune with与……一致;B. in conflict with和……冲突;C. in light of根据,鉴于;D. in place of代替。

分析句子可知,应该根据新证据重新调查,故选C。

3.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.A.in search of B.in the form of C.in need of D.in the direction of 【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语。

此处意思是“以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌”。

in the form of 符合句意。

in search of“寻找”,in need of“需要”,in the direction of“朝……方向”。

4.(天津卷)The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.A.out of control B.out of dateC.out of sight D.out of reach【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。

句意:这本字典过时了。

自从它被出版以来,很多单词被添加到这种语言中。

A. out of control失去控制;B. out of date过时的;C. out of sight看不见的;D. out of reach够不着的。

根据句意,故选B。

【点睛】介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语,这题的介词短语都是out of+名词搭配,但是意思都是大相径庭,学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义,做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案。

由many words have been added to the language since it was published.可以确定是“过时的”。

5.These comments came ______________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A.in memory of B.in response toC.in touch with D.in possession of【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查介词短语辨析。

句意:这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。

A. in memory of 纪念, B. in response to回应,C. in touch with联系,D. in possession of拥有。

分析句子成分知道空格处为介词短语起连接状语的作用,根据常识和句意,评论应该是对问题的回应。

所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。

【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词+介词的形式,本句另外还含有一个过去分词(asked by local newsmen)作定语的用法。

【详解】请在此输入详解!【点睛】请在此输入点睛!6.Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.A.without B.beyondC.against D.despite【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词辨析。

句意:听到她的感人故事之后,每个人感动得无法用语言来形容。

A. without没有;B. beyond超越;C. against反对;D. despite尽管。

beyond words表示“在言语之外”,即不能用言语来表达,也就是“无法形容”了。

故B选项正确。

7.Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows, ______ he could see nothing but trees.A.where B.from whereC.which D.from which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。

句意:下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。

他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。

he could see nothing but trees.为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词at the second-floor windows,故用from where,相当于and from at the second-floor windows,而from where 比where具体形象,故选B。

【点睛】From where 引导定语从句的用法。

用于引导非限制性定语从句,在意义上相当于 and from there(从那儿)。

如:He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上,从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。

We went up to the roof, from where we had a good view of the procession. 我们爬上屋顶,从那儿可以很好地观看游行。

Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了.他从那里除了树木什么也没看到.(引导定语从句)划线部分相当于…,and from at the windows…不可变为from which…,直接用where不如用from where更具体.2、She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光.(引导定语从句)划线部分相当于…,and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of which…,不可变为from which,也可直接用where引导,但语义较为含糊,不如用from where更加生动、形象、具体.8.Citizens are _____ to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights.A.on track B.on scheduleC.at ease D.at liberty【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。

句意:公民可以自由地行使自己的权利,但他们绝不能损害他人的权益。

A. on track走上正轨;B. on schedule 按时;C. at ease安逸;舒适;D. at liberty自由地。

故选D。

9.If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.A.in sympathy with B.in terms ofC.in honour of D.in contrast with【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。

句意:如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人,我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。

A. in sympathy with赞成;B. in terms of 依据;C. in honour of为纪念;D. in contrast with与…形成对比。

由“we can get their support and encouragement”可知,in sympathy with“赞成”符合句意。

故选A项。

10. The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be _________ easy reach in public. A.beyond B.within C.near D.around【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查介词。

A超越;B在……之内;靠近;D周围。

句意:所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。

故B正确。

考点:考查介词11.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with 【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。

句意:人的生活是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。

A.in view of在……眼里;B.in need of需要;;C.in touch with和……接触; D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。

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