专八改错题及答案

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(完整)专八改错题及答案

2012年3月专八真题：改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally orfreely．The argument has been going since at least the first （1） ______century B。

C．Up to the beginning of the 19th century， many writers favouredcertain kind of “free" translation： the spirit, not the letter; the （2） _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3） _______the manner．This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood．Then in the turn of the 19th (5） ____ century， when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language （6) _______was entirely the product of culture， the view translation was impossible （7） _____gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as （8) __literal as possible．This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vlad imir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the natureof the readership， the type of the text, was not discussed．Too often，writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other．Now， the context has changed， and the basic problem remains．（10） _____参考答案：1．going后加on2．certain改为a certain3．rather改为not4．is 改为was5．in 改为 at6．去掉第二个the7．view后面加that8．去掉 was9．culminated后面加in10．and 改为but2011年3月专八真题：改错部分From a very early age， perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer。

英语专业八级改错(终稿版)

英语专业八级改错（1）It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think of as a person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__ "Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__ personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be __4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United __6__States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical __7__ name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and since __8__American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__ the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was originated with President George Washington,who would __10__often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan", referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation2. it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain3. that—which4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词5. indicated—indicating来源：考试大6. began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。

专八改错习题及答案解析

英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(一)About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than ____10____two years apart.参考答案及解析:1 将had used 改为used。

英语专八改错部分真题及答案

英语专八改错部分真题及答案英语专八改错部分真题及答案So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be as well equipped as any other to say the things its speakers want to say. It may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. But this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled ’primitive’) is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not bring to light a defect in English, a show of unexpected ’primitiveness’. The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in different environments. The English language would be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used made such distinction important. Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed part of the Eskimos’ life. For obvious historical reasons, Englishmen in the nineteenth century could not talk about motorcars with the minute discrimination which is possible today: cars were not a part of their culture. But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicles which send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary when we are reading Scott or Dickens. How many ofus could distinguish between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham, a coupe, a gig, a diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury,a carriole, a phaeton, and a clarence ?1 be后插入 as;2 their改为its;3 There改为It;4 Whereas改为But;5 further 改为much6 come改为bring;7 similar改为different;8 will改为would;9 as important去掉as;10 the part去掉the。

英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析

英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析学习有如母亲一般慈祥，它用纯净和温顺的欢快来培育孩子，假如向它要求额外的酬劳，或许就是罪过。

以下是我为大家搜寻整理的英语专八试题改错练习附答案解析，期望对正在关注的您有所帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!part 1Creating the proper atmosphere for a party is a difficult and excited job. Gone are the days when one could simply call__1__up ones friends and invite them on a Saturday evening for__2__a game of bridge. A hostess must make certain that her party is perfect, if she is to aid her career or those of her husband.__3__The first element that must be considered is the guest list. Since there are certain guests that must be invited,there are__4__just as many guest whom one must avoid. The wise hostess makes a list of five parts: those who must be invited, such as __5__an employer or persons whose hospitality must be returned:those who should be invited, but are not necessary to make the party to run smoothly, such as ones neighbors or personal__6__friends: those who must never be invited, such as the present__7__spouse of any guest or a business adversary; and those who would not be appropriate guests at that particular type of party, such as immigrants at a Daughters of the American Revolution(DAR)party. The secondary element critical to the success of aparty is__8_its theme. Each party might have a definite reason for being, a __9__certain idea or mood running throughout the evening. While many persons consider such gimmicky as costume parties or Mexican fiestas passe, there are many alternative themes to choose between.__10__答案及解析：1. excitedexciting：两者都为形容词，但意义上有区分：excited意为"兴奋的，感动的，活跃的'，经常表示一种状态。

2023年专八考试改错练习题及答案

2023年专八考试改错练习题及答案更多精彩内容请及时____应届毕业生考试网!When a human infant is born into any munity in any part of the world it has two things in mon with any infant, pro- __1__vided neither of them have been damaged in any way either be- __2__fore or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, newborn children are pletely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__the newborn child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive.答案：1.and infant 参加other。

根据上下文，这里主要指的是与其他婴儿相比，不是与任何一个婴儿相比2.have 改成has。

Neither 后面跟单数形式。

3.pay attention改成draw/ attract/ call .这事一个用词不当的错误，应是引起别人注意的.意思。

4.get on their feet on 改成to。

Get to their feet 指站立。

5.in risk 或 in risk 改成at或danger。

专八_改错_练习15篇带答案解析

Error-correction Exercise 16NASA is about to launch a large satellite that will monitorthe health of Earth's atmosphere in unprecedented detail, and 1____________ keeping daily track of everything from the upper ozone layer,that guards against solar radiation, to the air near the 2____________ ground that people breathe. The $785 million missionis to be launched Saturday from Vandenberg Air Force Basein California. A Boeing Delta II rocket will send the 6,542-poundspacecraft into a 438-mile-high polar orbit. That is to scan the 3____________ atmosphere for at least six years.The craft, naming Aura, is the third and final addition to a series 4____________ of major satellites making up NASA's Earth Observing System,an initial set of spacecraft that designed to study all of the processes 5____________ that affect the Earth's climate and weather. Terra, which monitorsland-based processes, was launched in 1999; Aqua, which observesthe oceans and water cycle of Earth, sent up in 2002. These flagship 6____________ spacecrafts, joined by more than a dozen of other satellites launched by 7____________ the United States and several other nations, allow long-term studiesof the factors that influence climate change, using many differentinstruments. The launching is fundamentally a mission to understandand protect the very air we breathe. In conjunction with the 8____________ climate observatories, Aura should make a major contribution todetermine the causes, extent and consequences of global change. 9____________ The spacecraft carries four instruments that will survey theatmosphere from top to bottom, including monitoring ozonein its good and bad forms. In the upper atmosphere, ozone in thestratosphere provides a protective barrier for harmful ultraviolet 10___________ radiation from the Sun. In the troposphere, the atmospheric layerthat goes from the ground up to about six miles, ozone producedby combustion is a major pollutant in smog.Error-correction Exercise 17Mars has provoked much speculation on the possibilities 1___________ of life on Earth than any other planet in the Solar System. 2___________ The presence of water is a prerequisite forexisting of life. Therefore, “follow the water” has 3___________ been NASA’s chief guideline for the exploration of 4___________ a red planet. Although Mars experiences seasons likeon Earth an has polar caps which composed of 5___________ carbon dioxide and water ice, today it is bone-dry andfrigidly cold. But evidence is rapidly accumulating thatMars is once much wetter, with a more clement climate. 6___________This evidence comes from orbiting satellites and fromdata collected by roving landers.Since the 1970’s, space probes of Mars have revealed 7___________ numerous features apparent carved by flowing water, 8___________ such as winding, branched valleys resemblingdriedout streambeds and giant outflow channels gougedby catastrophic floods. Recent high-resolution imageryfrom the Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Orbiter Cameraand the Mars Odyssey Themis reveal numerous examples 9___________ of branched valleys that form tightly-packed integrateddrainage system. There channels origins at topographichigh points; the valleys widen “downstream”, someeven displaying inner valleys. The valley networksexhibit morph metric characteristics, including networksdensities, comparative to those of terrestrial drainage basins. 10__________ These features were most likely produced by rainfall, duringwetter, warmer periods in the past.Error-correction Exercise 18The word petroleum has its root in the Latin word oleum, 1___________ which means oil, and the Greek word petra, which means rock..The word petrified shares with the same Greek root. As the 2___________ price of oleum has soared up, the links between fear and petroleum 3___________ have become clear to economists as well as etymologists.Fears of heating-oil shortage this winter helped to push thebenchmark price of crude over $55 per barrel, a new record, onMonday October 18th. The spike in oil prices, up by over60% since the start of the year, is by turn, raising fears for the 4___________ global recovery. Even oil exporters are worried. The high pricesthey currently enjoy will slow economic growth next year,warned the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC) on Monday. If oil remains expensive, cartel 5___________ Pointed out, people will by less of it. The last week, for the 6___________ first time since June, American motorists paid more than $2average for a gallon of petrol. To fill their tank these days,they must shell out almost 30% more than last year. Therefore 7___________ the anxiety is not confined to the petrol pump. About 7.7mAmerican households, most of whom in the north-east, rely 8___________ on oil to warm their homes. In a cold snap, they draw onstockpiles of heating oil, amassed at various points around thecountry.Inflation remains at bay, for the moment, most workers 9___________ expect it to stay that way. There is a little sign yet that higher 10___________oil prices are feeding into higher wage demands. It would thusbe too much to say that central bankers are petrified by petroleum.But as the price of oil sets new records, their rock-like confidenceis beginning to crumble.Error-correction Exercise 19When an invention is made, the inventor has threepossible courses of action open for him: he can give the 1___________ invention to the world by publishing it, keep the ideasecrete, or paten it.A granted paten is the result of a bargain betweenan inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets alimited period of monopoly and publishes full detailsof his invention to the public after that period terminates.Only in the most exceptional circumstances are the life-span 2___________ of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.The longest extension never granted was to Georges Vlensi; 3___________ his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extendeduntil 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life therewas no colorful TV to receive and thus no hope of reward to 4___________ the invention.Because a patent remains permanently public afterit has terminated, the shelves of the library attaching to the 5___________ patent office contain details of literally millions of ideasthat are free for anyone advise to use and, if older thanhalf a century, sometimes even patent,. Indeed, patent 6___________ experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the highcost of conducting a search through live patent that theone sure of avoiding violation of any other inventor’sright is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likely, because 7___________ publication of an idea in any other form permanentlyinvalidates further patent on that idea, it is traditionally 8___________ safe to take ideas from other areas of print. Much moderntechnological advance is based on these presumptions oflegal security.Anyone closely involved in patents and inventionssoon learn that most “new” ideas are, in fact, as old as thehills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, neither 9___________ through necessity or dedication, or through the availabilityof new technology, which makes news and money. 10___________ Error-correction Exercise 20How can an organization’s sales operation beimproved? One of the key to becoming more effective 1___________ is to first determine the type of “selling process” whichneeds to be used. With other words, the role the salesperson 2___________ must play has to be identified. There are three differentprocesses sales staff can adapt: narrative, suggestive and 3___________ consultative.The narrative approach depends on the salespersonmove quickly into a standardized presentation. Every buyer 4___________ receives the same presentation. Emphasis is to highlighting 5___________ benefits and how the product or services can help the buyer.This is an effective approach if the buying motive for allcustomers is basically the same. This process is well suitedwhich there are a great number of prospects to be called on. 6__________ The suggestive approach depends on the sellerbeing in a position to offer alternated recommendations. 7__________ This is quite different from the narrative approach as thepresentation is tailored to the individual customer. Here,the salesperson must initiate some discussion in order toget the buyer in a negative frame of mind. 8__________ The consultative approach requires the salespersonto have a thorough understanding of the customer and whatthe customer is trying to achieve. The role of the salespersonis to become an adviser or consultant and she/he must acquire agreat deal of informations from the customer. With this information 9__________ the salesperson can plan what to offer the customer.Hiring, training, motivating and rewarding salespersonneed to be linked the type of sales process being used and 10__________ that where the problem starts. A key issue in developing aprofessional sales organization is in first establishing thesales process. When the decision has been made, all othersales decisions, including hiring, training and rewards canbe linked to it.Error-correction Exercise 21Ethnography is the study of a particular humansociety or the process of making such a study.Contemporary ethnography is based almost entirelyon fieldwork and requires the complete immersionof the anthropologist on the culture and everyday life 1___________ of the people who are the subject of this study. Ethnography,by virtue with its intersubjective nature, is necessarily 2___________ comparative. Giving that the anthropologist in the field 3___________necessarily retains certain cultural biases, his/herobservation and description must, to certain degree, 4___________ be comparative. Thus the formulating of generalizationabout culture and the drawing of comparisons inevitablybecomes components of ethnography. 5___________ Modern anthropologists usually identify theestablishment of ethnography as a professional field and 6___________ the pioneering work of the Polish-born British anthropologistBronislaw Malinowski in the Trobriand Islangs of Melanesia.Ethnographic field word has since become a sort of rite ofpassage into the profession of cultural anthropology. Manyethnographers reside above the field for a year or more, learning 7___________ the local language or dialect and, to the greatest extentpossible, participating in everyday life while at the sametime maintain an observer’s objective detachment. 8___________ Contemporary ethnographies usually adhere to acommunity, rather than individual, focus and concentrateon the description of current circumstance ratherthan historical event. Traditionally, commonalities amongmembers of the group have been emphasized, because recent 9___________ ethnography has begun to reflect an interest in theimportance of variation within cultural systems. Ethnographicstudies are no longer restricted to small primitive societies butmay also focus on such social units as urban ghettos. The toolof the ethnographer have changed ra dically since Malinowaski’stime, while detailed notes are still a mainstay of field word,ethnographers have taken full advantage over technological 10___________ development such as motion pictures and tape recorders toargument their written accounts.Error-correction Exercise 22Unlike those other notoriously missing items - the weapons ofmass destruction - television's missing young men appear tohave found, back in front of their TV sets. 1___________ The case of the missing young men began roiling the televisionindustry a year ago. Droves of men from ages 18 to 34, one ofthe groups most coveted by advertisers, had seemly stopped 2___________ watching television, according to the sole ratings arbiter, NielsenMedia Research. Commentary abounded that a significant culturalshift had taken place and that a generation of men were steadily 3____________ quitting television-viewing, forsook both network and cable 4____________ programs in favor of video games, DVD's and the Internet.Nielsen stands by its ratings, therefore in a development that several 5___________Nielsen critics call utterly it predictable, the most recent evidence indicates 6___________ that the young men are back, watching television in pretty much thesame numbers they were two years before. 7___________ In July, one year after the falloff was detected, an average of 25.8percent of men from ages 18 to 34 were watching television at anygiving moment in prime time. That figure was up from the 24.7 8___________ percent that Nielsen reported a year ago - and virtually the same as the25.9 percent that it reported for the group in July 2002."It kind of went right back to what God intended it to be," the president 9___________ for research for NBC, Alan Wurtzel, said. Mr. Wurtzel's facetiousness wasmatched by a real sense of vindication. He was among the most vocalof the critics who took on Nielsen last year, saying its numbers - whichin September showed a drop in viewing by young men of more than10 percent - could possibly be accurate because they were so inconsistent 10__________ with viewing patterns established over years of measurement.Error-correction Exercise 23The stunningly slow pace of job creation, which sank to growthof just 32,000 in July, has provided new ammunition in an intense politicaldebate in job quality. For months, Democrats have said that the 1___________ long-delay employment recovery was concentrated in low-wage jobs 2___________ that paid far less than those that lost. White House officials replied 3___________ that the available data failed to settle the matter one way or the other.The data is still inconclusive. But the weakness in job creation andthe apparent weakness in high-paying jobs may be opposite sides ofa coin. Companies still seem cautiously, relying on temporary workers 4___________ and anxious about rising health care costs associating with full-time workers. 5___________ Many economists say that over the long term, the most vulnerable positionsare those at the low end of the wage scale that requires fewer skills and are 6___________ easily replicated. Even now, at a time when a proportionate number of 7___________ new jobs appear to be lower-paying ones, there has been growth in somehigh-income occupations like accounting, architecture and software.Yet the earnings gap between the highest-paid employees and the rest ofthe work force is still widening, as it was over most of the last 30 years. 8___________ The trend is most striking in factories, which accounted for the bulk of joblosses in the last three years and tending to pay above-average wages. 9___________ In contrast with previous recoveries, when companies rehired a large 10___________ proportion of laid-off workers, manufacturers have added only 91,000jobs this year, having eliminated more than two million jobs in the previousthree years.Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the generalpublic and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’snatural relations, loosed their responsibilities to 1_____________ kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place 2_____________ for superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. 3_____________ However, in recent years a growing body of research has re-vealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a cityresident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighborsthan you if you are a resident of a smaller community. 4_____________ But, for the most part, this fact has a few significant 5_____________ consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you knowfew of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social tieswithin small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality ofmeaningful relationship do not differ between more and less urban 6____________ people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than do 7____________ big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friend-ships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanismmay produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does notdiffer between town and city. Or are residents of large communities 8___________ any likely to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation 9___________ than are residents of smaller communities. However, citydwellers do worry more about crime, and thisleads them to a distrust for strangers. 10___________Error-correction Exercise 25The violence within a society is controlled through institutionsof law. The most developed a legal system becomes, the more 1____________ societies takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punish- 2____________ ment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means todealing with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may 3____________ have the responsibility for personal carrying out judgment and 4____________ punishment upon the person who did the offense. 5____________ But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomespersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for 6___________ protecting individuals form violence. In cases where he cannot be 7___________ protected, the society is responsible for committing punishment. 8___________ In a state controlling legal system, individuals are removed 9___________ from the circle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the 10___________ state assumes responsibility for their protection.Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimatelyhave political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad 1____________ influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become 2____________ a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect 3____________ in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink 4____________ because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most 5____________ completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that ishappening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccuratebecause our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language makes 6____________ it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the processis irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, is full of 7____________ bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if oneis willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets ride of these habitsone can think more clearly, and think clearly is a necessary first 8____________ step toward political regeneration: so that the fight against badEnglish is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning of pro- 9____________ fessional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope that by 10____________ that time the meaning of what I have said here will have becomeclearer.Error-correction Exercise 27This brings us to a seeming paradox. Acutely aware of the smallestconstitution particles of time, industrialized man has to a great 1____________ extent lose the old awareness of time in its larger divisions. The 2____________ time which we have knowledge is artificial, machine-made time. 3____________ Natural, cosmic time, as is measured out by the sun and the moon, 4____________ we are for the most part almost wholly unconscious. Pre-industrialpeople know time in its daily, monthly and seasonal rhythms. Theyare aware of sunrise and of spring and summer, autumn and winter.All the old religions, including Catholic Christianity, has insisted on 5____________ this daily and seasonal rhythm. Pre-industrial man was never allowedto forget the majestic movement of cosmic time.Industrialism and urbanism have changed all this. One can liveand work in a town without aware of the daily march of the sun 6____________ across the sky. Broadway and Piccadilly are our Milky Way；ourconstellations are outlined in neon tubes. Even changes of seasonaffect the townsman very a little. He is the inhabitant of an artificial 7____________ universe that, to a great extent, walled off from the world of nature. 8____________ Outside the walls, time is cosmic and moves with the motion ofthe sun and stars. Within, it is an affair of revolving wheals and ismeasured by seconds and minutes----at its longest, in eight-hour days 9____________and six-day weeks. We have a new conscience, but it has been pur- 10____________ chased at the expense of the old.Error-correction Exercise 28Culture in general is concerned about beliefs and values on the 1___________ basis of which people interpret experiences and behave, individuallyand in groups. Broadly an d simply putting, “culture” refers to a 2___________ group or community with that you share common experiences that 3___________ shape the way how you understand the world. Culture is the “lens” 4___________ through which you view the world. It is central to what you see,how you make sense of what you see, and how you express your-self. Culture is often at the root of communication challenges. Explo-ring historical experiences and the ways in which various culturalgroups have related to each other is key to open channels for cross- 5___________ cultural communication. Becoming more beware of cultural differ- 6___________ ences, as well as exploring cultural similarities, can help you com-municate with the others more effectively. Next time you find your- 7___________ self a confusing situation, ask yourself how culture may be shap- 8___________ ing your own reactions, and try to see the world from the other’spoint of view. Anthropologists discovered that, when faced by inter-action that we do not understand, people tend to interpret the othersinvolved as “abnormal”, “weird” or “wrong”. Awareness of culturaldifferences and recognizing where cultural differences are in 9___________ work is the first step toward understanding each other and establish 10___________ a positive working environment. Use these differences to challengeyour own assumptions about the “right” way of doing things and as achance to learn new ways to solve problems.Error-correction Exercise 29In May, dozens of factory workers and landscapers lined up outside athree-story concrete building here on Drift Street, snaking aroundthe block to register their children for classes at a preschool that run by 1___________ the Puerto Rican Action Board, a private nonprofitable group. 2___________ On Monday, many of them will gather together at the State House in Trenton 3___________ to try to keep their beloved school from closing. They plan to protestthat they claim is a form of institutional bias. The New Jersey Department 4___________ of Education, they argue, wants to eliminate the community-based,most nonprofit private preschool programs like the one that the 5___________ Puerto Rican Action Board runs.The group, which started offering preschool in 1973, maintains thatthe state is refusing to cover raising costs in violation of a 1998 6___________ state Supreme Court ruling mandating that 30 poor districts will receive 7___________everything they need to create "well-planned, high-quality" preschools.Without the money, it says, it will have to close its three preschools here.The Department of Education says the Puerto Rican Action Boardreceives plenty of money - about $9,700 for each of its 225 children,close to $1,000 on average than the state's public preschools, and 8___________ more than twice what public preschools receive in New York.At the heart of the battle, however, it lies a much larger debate about 9___________ the role of private nonprofit agencies in a public system. The Puerto RicanAction Board and other social service agencies have been offering preschoolfor decades, and the court decision explicitly states that any schoolunable to meet the court's education standard "should be supplied with 10__________ the necessary funding to be able to do so."Error-correction Exercise 30For many materials the process of turning them back into usefulraw materials are straightforward: metals are shredded into pieces, 1____________ paper is reduced to pulp and glass is crushed into cullet. Metalsand glass can be remelted almost indefinitely without any lossof quality, while paper can be recycled up to six times. 2____________ Plastics, which are made of fossil fuels, are somewhat different. 3____________ Because they have many useful properties—they are flexible, 4____________ lightweight and can be shaped into any form—there are manydifferent types, most of them need to be processed separately. 5____________ In 2005 less than 6% of the plastic from America's municipalwaste stream was recovered. And of that small fraction, the onlytwo types recycling in significant quantities were PET and HDPE. 6____________ For PET, food-grade bottle-to-bottle recycling exists. But plasticis often “down-cycled” into other products such as plastic lumber,drain pipes and carpet fibres, which tend to end up in landfills and 7___________ incinerators at the end of their useful lives.And so, plastics are being used more and more, not just for packaging, 8___________ but also in consumer goods such as cars, televisions and personalcomputers. Because such products are made of a variety of materialsand can contain multiple types of plastic, metals and glass, they areespecially difficult and expensive to dismantle and recycle.Europe and Japan have initiated “take back” laws that requireelectronics manufacturers recycle their products. But in America 9___________ only a handful of states have passed such legislation. That has causedproblems for companies that specialise in recycling plastics fromcomplex waste streams and dependent on take-back laws for getting 10___________ the necessary feedstock.Key to Error-correction Ex. 161．答案：去掉and，语法辨析题。

专八改错习题及答案解析精编版

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2012年3月专八真题：改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely．The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century ．Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favouredcertain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner．This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood．Then in the turn of the 19th (5) ____ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _____ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) __ literal as possible．This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimi r Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the natureof the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed．Too often,writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other．Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains．(10) _____参考答案：1．going后加on2．certain改为a certain3．rather改为not4．is 改为was5．in 改为at6．去掉第二个the7．view后面加that8．去掉was9．culminated后面加in10．and 改为but2011年3月专八真题：改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four (1)I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscience (2)that I was outraging my true nature and that soon or later I should have to (3)settle down and write books.I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side(4)and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which(5)made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had the lonely child’s habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginative persons, and (6) I think from the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with(7)the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created (8) a sort of private worldwhich I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life (9) Therefore, the volume of serious —. seriously intended —writing which I produced (10)all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age offive, my mother taking it down to dictation.1. grew 后加up2. conscience 改成consciousness3. soon 改成sooner4. the 和child之间加middle5. disagreeing 改成disagreeable6. imaginative 改成imaginary7. literal 改成literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加in10. Therefore, 改成Nevertheless改错题出自：George Orwell的《Why I Write》的前两段第1个错误出现在grew .解析：grow 表成长，如人和动植物的成长。

如果要表“长大”就要用短语：grow up。

2 .句中conscience 有如下的释义：1.良心，良知2.良知1.良心2.第三类法庭而consciousness表示1.意识到,知道. 2.意识，觉悟3.意识状态4.清醒句子的意思是：我意识到这是在违背我的本性。

3. 第三句考固定搭配：sooner or later 迟早。

难点：outrage 违背做动词。

4. 按句子意思作者排行老二家里上面和下面都有个小孩因此加上middle5. disagreeing为disagree的ing,意思是“不同意不认同”。

改为：disagreeable表1. 不合意的;不愉快的;讨厌的 2. 难相处的,脾气坏的6. imaginative 改成imaginary，解析：imaginative 表示人富有想像力的;富于想像的;有创造力的。

而imaginary表示想像中的;虚构的;幻想的如：an imaginary friend 想像中的朋友7 .literal表“文字的” 改成literary 指文学作者的文学的志向与野心8.face sth. 直面某个事实.不用接介词in9. 定语从句，修饰world，有介词要用在which前，不能省略10. Therefore, 改成Nevertheless句子有转折的意思，作者说他一直沉溺在自己的内心世界，然而童年时代所写的东西数目不多。

而非因此，童年所写的东西不多。

2010年3月专八真题：改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, (1) every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say (2) the things their speakers want to say. (3) There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. (4) Whereas this is not the fault of their language.The Eskimos can (5) speak about snow with a great deal further precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and subtle than English. (6) This example does not come to light a defect in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously that (7) the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The English language (8) will be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments (9) in which English was habitually used made such distinction as important.Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket (10) if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. For obvious historical reasons, Englishmen in the 19th century could not talk about motorcars with the minute discrimination which is possible today: cars were not a part of theirculture. But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicles which send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary when we are reading Scott or Dickens. How many of us could distinguish between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham, a coupe, a gig, a diligence, a whisky, a calash,a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton, and a clarence1 be后插入as;2 their改为its;3 There改为It;4 Whereas改为But5 further 改为more6 come改为bring;7 similar改为different; 8 will改为would;9 as important去掉as 10 the part去掉the2009年3月专八真题参考答案：改错部分The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one schoolchild to the next and illustrates the further difference(1) between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lorea verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener(2) hasgrown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren.(3) The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be something from 20 to 70 years. (4) With the playgroundlore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on within the very hour(5) it is learnt; and, in the general, it passes between children (6) of thesame age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years. If, therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7) even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitted over and over, very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three(8) hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9) after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10) original wording.参考答案:(1)illustrate改为illustrated (与前文的shown保持一致)(2) the 改为a (用不定冠词表示泛指)(3)their改为his (代词与前文a little listener在单复数上保持一致)(4)something 改为anything (这里anything from...to...表示大约在...之间)(5)therefore改为however (根据上下文逻辑关系)(6) in the general去掉the (in general是习惯用法)(7) currently 改为current (这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词)(8) it has passed改为it has been passed (主动改为被动，与前文保持一致)(9) live 改为alive （活跃的，仍然存在的）(live作形容词讲为“现场直播的”意思)(10) to let alone 改为let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说”)2008年3月专八真题参考答案：改错部分The desire to use languageas a sign of national identity is a very natural one, (1) ___and in result language has played a prominent part in national moves. (2) ____ Men have often felt the need to cultivatea given language to showthat they are distinctive from anotherrace whose(3) ____ hegemony they resent. At the time the United States(4) _____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a(5)______ different language from those of Britain. There was even one(6)_____proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English(7)______and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone (8)_____knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before.(9)______Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world (10) _____ that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.参考答案:1.one改为thing2.result改为fact3.distinctive改为distinct4.at the time后加when5.by改为with6.those改为that7.on去掉8.At改为In9.carrying 后加on10.now改为ago2007年3月专八真题参考答案：改错部分From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest (1) and→or records of ancient languages show us language in a new and (2) show→showing emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language (3) the originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the (4) and→but necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries(5) large→lagerthan we find in English. It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in(6) in→onother grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that(7) return→response such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference（8）onbetween these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to∧large extent, (9) ∧awhereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are(10) these→those2006年3月专八真题参考答案：改错部分We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as (1)to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular (2) message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a (3)set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his (4)thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English (5)speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-[y and that which he recognises, increases ill size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. (6)But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another (7)member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two most (8)common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are (9)among most striking of human achievements. (10)1.agreeing --------agreed2.∧words----------these/those words3.in the disposal --------at the disposal4.enables--------enable5.delete “the” before “other English speakers”6.old------ older7.seen ------ perceived, understood, comprehended8.delete “it” before “for granted”9.And ----- Yet; However10.∧most ------ the most striking2005年3月专八真题参考答案：改错部分The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities announced steeptuition increases for next year—much steeper than the current,very low , rate of inflation. They say the increases are neededbecause of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing S1___________ in common stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the pricethat maximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income: S2____________and increasingly tile outlook of universities in the UnitedStates is indistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in S3____________ tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty increases the S4____________demand for education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing S5____________ income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate—andprofessional—school tuition): the poor one’s job prospects, the more S6____________sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more remarkable.The way which universities make themselves attractive to S7____________ students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses. Sky-high S8____________ tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the S9____________rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidenotations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education inorder to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And untilthey were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy leagueschools collude to limit competition for the best students, byagreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather thanpurely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to givediscounts on their best customers. S10____________invested / irrespective of / those—that / fact that / in the school / poor—poorer / in which / eliminating / shorten---lessen / on---to2004改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the Congressis the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - eitherstanding committees, special committees set for a specific (1)____purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. (2)____Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3)____groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)____and to make out detailed studies of issues. (5)____There are important corollaries to the investigative power. Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most (6)____committee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)____widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers (8)____to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues. (9)____Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury ofthese who give false testimony. (10)____1.,在set 后加up, set up“建立、成立”是固定短语2.答案：consisted → consisting/composed3.答案：in → on【详细解答】固定搭配on ...occasions4.答案：rely ^ → rely on【详细解答】固定搭配rely on sb. to do something5.答案：make out → make【详细解答】make out 意思是“辨认出”，而此处意思是“对...做详细的研究”，故用“make detailed studies of...” 即可。