科技英语论文的写作
以科技为主题英语作文200词
以科技为主题的英语作文，每篇不少于200个单词。
篇1.The Influence of Artificial IntelligenceArtificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most significant technological advancements in recent years. It has permeated various aspects of our lives, from daily household appliances to complex industrial systems.In the medical field, AI can assist doctors in diagnosing diseases more accurately. For example, it can analyze a large number of medical images such as X -rays and MRIs in a short time, helping to identify early - stage tumors or other abnormalities that might be overlooked by human eyes. In transportation, self - driving cars based on AI technology are being developed. These vehicles have the potential to reduce traffic accidents caused by human errors, such as fatigue driving or distracted driving.However, the development of AI also brings some challenges. One of the concerns is the potential loss of jobs. As machines become more intelligent and capable of handling tasks that were previously done by humans, many people may find themselves unemployed. Another issue is the ethical dilemma. For instance, if an AI - controlled system makes a decision that causes harm, it's difficult to determine who should be held responsible.Despite these problems, the potential benefits of AI are enormous. We should work on maximizing its advantages while minimizing the negative impacts through proper regulations and ethical considerations.篇2.The Importance of 5G Technology5G technology has emerged as a revolutionary force in the telecommunications industry. It offers speeds that are several times faster than 4G, enabling seamless and instant data transfer.In the entertainment industry, 5G allows for high - quality streaming of videos and online gaming without any lag. Users can enjoy immersive experiences such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) games more smoothly. For example, in a VR concert, the high - speed 5G connection ensures that the visual and auditory effects are transmitted in real -time, making the user feel as if they are actually at the concert venue.In the business world, 5G facilitates better communication between different branches of a company. Video conferencing becomes more stable and clear, enabling employees to collaborate effectively regardless of their geographical locations. It also enables the Internet of Things (IoT) to reach new heights. More devices can be connected to the networksimultaneously, improving the efficiency of smart factories, where machines can communicate with each other to optimize production processes.Moreover, 5G has the potential to transform the healthcare sector. Remote surgeries can be performed with greater precision as the low -latency connection ensures that the surgeon's movements are accurately replicated by the robotic surgical instruments. In conclusion, 5G technology is set to reshape our lives and drive innovation in countless industries.篇3.The Development of Space TechnologySpace technology has always been a fascinating and challenging area of human exploration. Over the years, remarkable progress has been made in this field.One of the main achievements is the development of more advanced rockets. These rockets are capable of carrying heavier payloads into space. For instance, the SpaceX Falcon Heavy can lift a significant amount of satellites or even spacecraft for deep -space exploration. With these powerful rockets, we have been able to launch more communication satellites, which have improved global communication systems, enabling us to have better access to information from around the world.Space exploration missions have also expanded our understanding of the universe. The Mars rovers have sent back valuable data about the Martian environment, including information about its soil, atmosphere, and possible signs of past life. These missions not only satisfy our curiosity about the solar system but also provide crucial information for potential future human habitation on other planets.In addition, space technology has led to the development of satellite -based Earth observation systems. These systems can monitor weather patterns, natural disasters such as hurricanes and wildfires, and changes in the Earth's climate. This data is essential for disaster prevention and mitigation strategies as well as for scientific research on climate change. Overall, space technology continues to push the boundaries of human knowledge and capabilities.篇4.The Role of Biotechnology in Modern SocietyBiotechnology has witnessed rapid development in the modern era and has had a profound impact on our lives.In the field of medicine, biotechnology has led to the development of innovative drugs. For example, monoclonal antibodies are a type of biotech -derived medicine that can target specific disease -causing molecules in the body. These drugs have shown remarkable efficacy intreating various cancers and autoimmune diseases. Gene therapy is another exciting area. Scientists are working on modifying or replacing faulty genes to treat genetic disorders. In some cases, this approach has the potential to cure diseases that were previously considered incurable.In agriculture, biotechnology has improved crop yields and quality. Genetically modified (GM) crops are engineered to be more resistant to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. For instance, some GM corn varieties can produce their own insect - repelling proteins, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. This not only increases food production but also has environmental benefits as it decreases the use of harmful chemicals.Biotechnology also plays a role in environmental protection. Microorganisms can be engineered to break down pollutants more efficiently. For example, certain bacteria can be used to clean up oil spills or treat wastewater. However, like any technology, biotechnology also raises some concerns, such as potential risks to the environment and human health associated with GM organisms. But with proper regulation and research, biotechnology can bring more benefits to society.篇5.The Impact of Quantum TechnologyQuantum technology is an emerging field that holds great promisefor the future. It is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, which are very different from classical physics.In computing, quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize the way we process information. Unlike traditional computers that use bits to represent data as either 0 or 1, quantum computers use qubits. Qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously, allowing for exponentially faster processing of complex problems. For example, quantum computers can be used to solve optimization problems in logistics and finance much more quickly. They can analyze vast amounts of data in a short time, which is crucial for fields such as weather forecasting and drug discovery.In communication, quantum encryption offers an unprecedented level of security. The principles of quantum mechanics ensure that any attempt to intercept the communication will be detected. This is because the act of observing a quantum state changes it. Quantum key distribution systems are being developed to protect sensitive information, such as in government and military communications.However, quantum technology also presents challenges. Building and maintaining stable quantum systems is extremely difficult due to the delicate nature of quantum states. But with continuous research and development, quantum technology is likely to bring about a new era of technological innovation.作文中文翻译：篇1. 人工智能的影响人工智能（AI）已成为近年来最重要的技术进步之一。
英语科技论文写作(一)
作业
• 结合你导师给定的课题查文献，列出相关 的文献：中、英文综述文章，中、英文博 士硕士论文、权威书籍、重要杂志文献。 • 查相关的专利、国内外目前开展的项目。
如何写科技学术论文
如何写英语科技学术论文
四川大学制造学院苏真伟教授
Brief CV of Zhenwei Su
• 2004-2009: Sichuan University, professor • 1997-2004: UK Universities visiting scholar,post-doc, research fellow • 1982-1997: Sichuan University, PhD, lecturer, associate professor • 1978-1982: Xian Jiaotong University, Mechanical Engineering Department • 1970-1978: Farmer or worker in Sichuan
如何了解我所在领域最具影响力 的研究人员?
如何选择合适的期刊发表论文？
当我们完成了某项研究之后，通常需要选 择一个合适的途径发表自己的研究成果， 那么怎样找到最合适自己研究领域的期刊 发表发表论文呢？您可以利用Web of Science数据库的检索结果分析功能 (Analyze)来解决这一问题。
眼睛犀利， 才能飞得高！
为什么要阅读文献
我们很多的时候，闷在实验室闭门 造车，实在不如稍抽出一点时间看看 文献。 我的大老板说，要想有成绩，别无 他法，只有读，读，大量的读文献， 尤其国外的。
主要的信息源
• 学术期刊（中文、英文） • 博士、硕士论文（中文、英文） • 学术网站（中文、英文） • 专利网站（中文、英文） • 书籍（中文、英文） 对低级研究人员：中文第一 对高级研究人员：英文第一
英文科技论文的写作
10
四、如何评价科研论文
评论研究问题： (1)看提出的问题是否有研究价值，研究内容有无指导意义，研究 结果能否应用到实践中。 (2)论文立意是否有创新，是否有重复别人的工作，即使是同一个 主题也要不断增加新内容、新方法。 (3)看研究问题的发生率是否高，问题是否带有普遍性。 (4)论文标题是否具体、鲜明、确切和具有吸引力。
8
3、科学性和准确性 、
所谓科学性，就是要正确地说明研究对象所具有的特殊矛盾， 并且要尊重事实，尊重科学。具体说来，包括论点正确，论据 必要而充分，论证严密，推理符合逻辑，数据可靠，处理合理， 计算精确，实验重复，结论客观，等等。 所谓准确性，是指对客观事物即研究对象的运动规律和性质表 述的接近程度，包括概念、定义、判断、分析和结论要准确， 对自己研究成果的估计要确切、恰当，对他人研究成果(尤其是 在做比较时)的评价要实事求是，切忌片面性和说过头话。
19
三、标题的写法
学术文章的标题主要有三种结构： 名词性词组(包括动名词)，介词词组，名词词组+介词词组。 也用一个疑问句作标题(多用在人文社会科学领域)。 一般不用陈述句或动词词组作标题。
20
1、名词性词组 、
名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。 名词的修饰语可以是形容词、介词短语，有时也可以是另一个 名词。 名词修饰名词时，往往可以缩短标题的长度。 以下各标题分别由两个名词词组构成。例如： Latent demand and the browsing shopper (名词词组+名词词组) Cost and productivity (名词+名词)
1、创新性或独创性 、
某一篇论文，其创新程度可能大些，也可能很小，但总要有一 些独到之处。“首次提出”，“首次发现”，当然是具有重大 价值的研究成果，这毕竟为数不很多； 在某一个问题上有新意，对某一点有发展，应属于创新的范围。 在实际研究中，有很多课题是在引进、消化、移植国内外已有 的先进科学技术，以及应用已有的理论来解决本地区、本行业、 本系统的实际问题，只要对丰富理论、促进生产发展、推动技 术进步有效果，有作用，报道这类成果的论文也应视为有一定 程度的创新。
科技英语论文（合集5篇）
科技英语论文（合集5篇）第一篇：科技英语论文浅谈科技英语的翻译技巧沈声松摘要本文从科技英语的特点及其内在特征出发，从四个方面(科技英语的翻译准则，正确理解原文、词义的选择和确定，以及科技英语与工程实践相结合)论述了科技英语的翻译技巧。
关键词科技英语翻译准则翻译技巧工程实践科技英语（English for Science and Technology）诞生于20世纪50年代，是第二次世界大战科学技术迅猛发展的产物，它具有客观、准确、严密的特点。
近年来，随着科技信息的大量引进，科技英语的翻译已成为翻译领域的重要组成部分之一。
以前人们存在有失偏颇的认识导向：以为科技翻译比较单纯，只要对号入座将原文译出就算完成了译事。
其实科技英语翻译并非想象的那样简单。
众所周知，翻译牵涉到两种语言，而每种语言各有其特殊的词汇组成、语法结构、及内在特征差异等，所以翻译一件作品实际上是一种再创作。
18世纪英国作家蒂特勒（Tytler）曾经说过“翻译是一门艺术，也是一门科学”。
作为科学，它必然有内在的规律；作为艺术，它需要有高超的技巧。
要真正做好简明、正确、恰当的科技英语翻译工作，就必须要掌握一定的翻译技巧。
笔者试从以下四个方面浅谈科技英语的翻译技巧。
领会科技英语的翻译准则正确理解原文词义的选择与确定科技翻译要与工程实践相结合领会科技英语的翻译准则科技英语主要是述说实理、描写现象、推导公式、论证规律，其特点是结构严谨、逻辑严密、行文规范、用词准确、技术术语正确。
针对科技英语的这些特点，在翻译科技英语时，首先考虑的就是忠实原文，著名翻译家严复一直倡导“信、达、雅”，“信”即“忠实”，也就是要完整地、准确地表达原作的思想内容，这是科技英语翻译的首要要求；其次要讲究的就是“达”，即通顺。
著名学者傅雷先生曾指出：“理想的译文仿佛是原作者的中文写作。
”海外学者钱歌川先生也指出“科技英语的翻译虽不像小说那样要求雅致优美，姿态横生，也不像翻译诗歌那样要求抑扬顿挫，押韵合辙，但要求至少文从字顺，明白流畅。
大学生科技英语写作范文
大学生科技英语写作范文In today's rapidly evolving world, the role of science and technology in the lives of college students has become increasingly significant. As the future leaders and innovators of our society, college students must possess a strong foundation in scientific and technological knowledge, as well as the ability to effectively communicate their ideas and findings through written expression. This essay aims to provide a sample of English writing for college students on the topic of science and technology.The importance of science and technology in the lives of college students cannot be overstated. These fields not only shape the academic and professional trajectories of students but also have a profound impact on the broader societal and global landscape. From advancements in renewable energy and medical research to the development of cutting-edge communication technologies, the contributions of college students in the realms of science and technology have the potential to transform the world around us.One of the key aspects of successfully navigating the world ofscience and technology as a college student is the ability to effectively communicate one's ideas and findings through written expression. This skill is particularly crucial in the academic setting, where students are often required to produce research papers, lab reports, and technical documents that showcase their knowledge and insights. Mastering the art of science and technology writing not only enhances a student's academic performance but also prepares them for the demands of the professional world, where clear and concise communication is highly valued.To excel in science and technology writing, college students must possess a strong command of the English language, a deep understanding of the subject matter, and the ability to organize and present their ideas in a logical and coherent manner. This involves the use of appropriate scientific terminology, the incorporation of relevant data and evidence, and the ability to critically analyze and interpret research findings.One of the key challenges faced by college students in science and technology writing is the need to strike a balance between technical accuracy and accessibility. While it is important to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the subject matter, students must also be able to communicate their ideas in a way that is understandable to a broader audience, including those who may not have a background in the field. This requires the ability to translate complex scientificconcepts into clear and concise language, using examples and analogies to illustrate key points.Another important aspect of science and technology writing for college students is the ability to effectively organize and structure their work. This involves the use of well-defined sections, such as an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and discussion, to ensure that the reader can easily follow the flow of the argument and understand the significance of the findings. Additionally, the use of appropriate formatting, citation styles, and visual aids, such as graphs and tables, can enhance the overall quality and impact of the written work.Beyond the technical aspects of science and technology writing, college students must also develop a strong sense of critical thinking and analytical skills. This involves the ability to critically evaluate existing research, identify gaps in the literature, and formulate innovative hypotheses and research questions. By engaging in this process, students can not only demonstrate their understanding of the subject matter but also contribute to the advancement of scientific and technological knowledge.In conclusion, the ability to effectively communicate ideas and findings in the realm of science and technology is a crucial skill for college students. By mastering the art of English writing in thesefields, students can not only enhance their academic performance but also position themselves for success in the professional world. Through the development of strong technical writing skills, critical thinking abilities, and a deep understanding of the subject matter, college students can play a vital role in shaping the future of science and technology and contributing to the betterment of our society.。
与科技有关英文作文
与科技有关英文作文英文：When it comes to technology, I believe it has greatly impacted our lives in both positive and negative ways. On the positive side, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, we can now easily communicate with people from all over the world through social media and messaging apps. We can also shop online and have our purchases delivered right to our doorstep. In addition, technology has greatly improved healthcare, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat illnesses more accurately and effectively.However, technology also has its downsides. One major negative impact is the decrease in face-to-face communication and social interaction. People are becoming more reliant on technology for communication, leading to a lack of personal connections and a decrease in empathy. Another issue is the potential for addiction to technology,such as social media or video games, which can lead to negative effects on mental health and productivity.Overall, while technology has greatly improved ourlives in many ways, it is important to be aware of its potential negative impacts and strive for a balance in our use of technology.中文：谈到科技，我认为它在积极和消极方面都对我们的生活产生了巨大影响。
关于科技的英语作文精选5篇
关于科技的英语作文精选5篇科学技术是社会发展的原动力。
没有他们，人类社会的发展永远无法从原始社会到现代社会。
下面给大家分享一些关于科技的英语作文，希望对大家有帮助。
关于科技的英语作文1In the modern time, the growth of technology is increasingly developed. More and more people don’t use their brains when there is no need to use other instruments. Too much people use technology so that people are lazier and less healthy than before. They rely on technology too much.Some believe that modern technology shorten the distance of human. For instance, people all use cellphone to call friends or family, or computer to search information, or use QQ, MSN, twitter, blog etc. These modern instruments shorten the distance between human.However, others think that it’s just the reverse. Technology makes people use less face-to-face communication. The contact in real life is less and less. People do less interaction to each other. In the long term, people will get depressed without enough communication.As far as I’m concerned, modern tec hnology provides convenience to people. It makes people easily to get information. Only could we use it correctly, it does much contribution to us.关于科技的英语作文2Science and technology have been bringing human beings tremendous benefits. Thanks to science and technology, we now live comfortably and conveniently in houses furnished with air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and televisions etc. Thanks to science and technology, we can eat fresh vegetables atthe year round. Thanks to science and technology, we can travel long distances in the fraction of a second on planes, trains and cars. Thanks to science and technology, we wear clothes with synthetic materials which can not easily be worn out.However, science and technology have atso brought us a lot of disasters. First, because of the many breakthroughs in the field of medicine, people are now living much longer than they used to. As a result, the population of the world is increasing, causing lots of problems. Second, because of the development of industry, lots of the wastes from factories pour into the air and rivers, causing pollution of all kinds. Third, some terrorists are using science and technology against mankind. They use biological, chemical and unclear weapons to threaten world peace...So it's urgent that we find ways to solve these problems. But we should not stop the development of science and technology because of these disasters they bring, just as we should not give up eating for fear of choking. In addition, we should make some rules to regulate our actions. As long as we use science and technology in a proper way, they may bring us even more benefits.关于科技的英语作文3Here is a difference between science and technology.Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools,techniques, and procedures for implementing the findings of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth with the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay heed to their own or other people's likes or dislikes, or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people--as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the option of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology;we do not have the option of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft-flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air. Unlike science, progress in technology must be our slave and not the reverse. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve peopie--people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.We are all familiar with the abuses of technology. Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion and even social decay in general--so much so that the promise of technology is obscured. That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?关于科技的英语作文421st century is the century of technology. Nowadays, technology is everywhere around us. The development of technology has a significant affact toward the society. Several technologies that we usually use are the internet, computer, and cellphone. These new technologies make our life much easier and better.First, the development of computer changes our life. Decades ago, people needed to do lots of complex calculation on hand because they did not have computer, and more obvious, they did not have the software for calculation. As the result of that, people spent hours on the equations that a computer can solve in just a minute. Since the development of computer, people are able to use some kind of software to compute lots of complex functions and mathematical calculation. Computer becomes the most helpful equipment for the sciencists because they can use their time more efficiently.Also, internet is another useful tool for us today. The development of internet brings a great impact toward the society. Instead of going to library and fliping all the books to figure out some information, we can just simply use a mouse and click on the website to do research. The internet leads us to a place where we can find unlimited information and resources. It makes our life much easier and better.The last technology is cellphone. Nowadays, many people have a cellphone. But it just appears on the market for about 10 years. It is very convenience to the users because we can talk to anyone we want with a phone as small as a wallet. Also, we can communicate with others by making a phone call instead of sending letters. It is very fast and useful way to communicate.In conclusion, I believe the development of technology brings significant impact to our life. It is very helpful to us and I believe technology will keep improving in future.关于科技的英语作文5The advent of modern technology brings a substantial impact on the whole world. It not only boosts the economy, but also changes the people’s conception on the world. It alsoincreases global communication among countries. In my opinion, modern technology is creating a single world culture in that such technology as computer and internet is bringing people together and making the world get smaller.First of all, modern technology promotes the globe to frequently use one language. The invention of computers and Internet promotes English to be a global language and dominate in the communication worldwide. Since language is the agent of culture, the worldwide use of English fosters more and more minds thinking alike.Beside s, the development of the internet brings people’s life style into uniform. The availability of Internet makes people have a lot in common, such as access to information, online shopping or payment. People from all over the world are doing the same thing each day on the Internet, and their living habit is becoming closer and closer with each passing day.Based on the points discussed above, it is obvious that modern technology is creating a s i n g l e w o r l d c u l t u r e . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 0 4 " > b r b d s f i d = " 1 0 5 " > / p >。
科技题材英文作文模板
科技题材英文作文模板英文：As a technology enthusiast, I am always fascinated by the latest advancements in the field. In my opinion, technology has revolutionized the way we live our lives and has made it easier for us to communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and we must use technology wisely to avoid its negative effects.One of the most significant advancements in technology has been the internet. It has connected people from all over the world and has made it possible for us to access information instantly. However, it has also led to the spread of fake news, cyberbullying, and online scams. Therefore, we must be careful about the information we consume and the people we interact with online.Another area where technology has had a significantimpact is healthcare. With the help of technology, doctors can now diagnose and treat diseases more accurately and efficiently. For example, artificial intelligence can analyze medical images and detect abnormalities that might be missed by human doctors. However, we must also be awareof the ethical implications of using technology in healthcare and ensure that it does not lead todiscrimination or privacy violations.In conclusion, technology has brought about manypositive changes in our lives, but we must also be aware of its negative effects and use it responsibly. As the saying goes, "with great power comes great responsibility."中文：作为一名科技爱好者，我总是被这个领域最新的进展所吸引。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
20
2. 摘要的分类 • 按摘要的不同功能来划分，大致有如下3种类型：一类属于报道性 摘要，是指明一次文献的主题范围及内容梗概的简明摘要，相当于 简介，不但要反映科技论文的主要论据、结论，还要简要介绍主要 方法和结果，篇幅以300字左右为宜。第二类是指示性摘要，只简 要叙述做的工作和成果，而不涉及具体方法和结果。篇幅以100字 左右为宜。第三类是报道-指示性摘要，是以报道性摘要的形式表 述论文中价值最高的那部分内容，其余部分则以指示性摘要形式表 达。篇幅以100～200字为宜。 • 一般的科技论文都应尽量写成报道性摘要，用比其他类摘要字数稍 多的篇幅，向读者介绍论文的主要内容。而对综述性、资料性或评 论性的文章可写成指示性或报道/指示性摘要。论文发表的最终目 的是要被人利用。
1.选择一个你能够研究下去的主题 选择一个方向 阅读并思考 (Review literatures) 细化主题 适用于论文主题的标准: 主题必须是有意义的和严肃的。 必须是一个能够操作的主题。 主题必须是可以获得材料的主题。 选择的主题必须能够被客观对待，不能有个人喜恶。
17
• 5) 题名中的大小写。题名字母的大小写有以下3种格式。 ① 全部字母大写。 ② 每个词的首字母大写，但3个或4个字母以下的冠 词、连词、介词全部小写。 ③ 题名第1个词的首字母大写，其余字母均小写。 目前第二种格式用得最多，第三种格式的使用有增多 的趋势。 • 6) 题名中的缩略词语。已得到整个科技界或本行业科技 人员公认的缩略词语，才可用于题名中，否则不要轻易使 用。
13
1 题名撰写的基本要求 ⑴ 准确：题名要准确地反映论文的内容。 ⑵ 简洁：题名的用词应简短、明了，以最少的文字概括尽 可能多的内容。 ⑶ 清楚：题名要清晰地反映文章的具体内容和特色，明确 表明研究工作的独到之处，力求简洁有效、重点突出。
14
2 题名的句法结构 • ⑴ 题名的构成：题名通常由名词性短语构成，如果 出现动词，多为分词或动名词形式。由于陈述句易使 题名具有判断式的语意，同时一般也显得不简洁，因 此，大部分编辑和学者都认为题名不应由陈述句构成 。有时可以用疑问句作为题名，尤其是在评论性论文 的题名中，使用具探讨性的疑问句性题名显得比较生 动，易引起读者的兴趣。 • ⑵ 题名的句法规则：由于题名比句子简短，并且无 需主、谓、宾，因此词序就也变得尤为重要。如果词 语间的修饰关系使用不当，就会影响读者正确理解题 名的真实含意。
5
• Content –Innovation and Unique (创新性，独特性) –Theory and Technology (理论性，学术性) –Scientificity and Accuracy (科学性和准确 性) –Normalization and Readability (规范性和可 读性)
15
3 英文题名 • 标题的特点是简短精练，概括性强，一般应控制在20个英文单词 以内，单词的选择要有助于二次文献编制题录、索引、关键词， 为文献检索提供有用信息。英文摘要中的标题不能简单地将中文 标题译为英文，要注意英汉表达的差异，要贴切和简练。所谓贴 切，不能笼统地理解为英文词语与中文标题词语一一对应或相符 ，而应使英文本意与中文标题原意相符，做到“信、达、雅。” • 1) 题名的结构。英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常 见，即题名基本上由1个或几个名词加上其前置和(或)后置定语构 成。 • 短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很 重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。题名一般不应是陈述句，陈 述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义；况且陈述句不够精练和醒目 ，重点也不易突出。
科技论文Technical Thesis
• 科技论文报道自然科学研究和技术开发创新工作成果的论 说文章，对创造性的科研成果进行理论分析和总结的写作 文体。 • 通过运用概念、判断、推理、证明或反驳等逻辑思维手段 ，来分析表达自然科学理论和技术开发研究成果的。
1
Characteristics
• It appears that you’ve got the offer of a very good job. 听说你找到一份很好的工作。 • A wonderful job. 是啊，非常好。 • Are you going to take it ? 你准备接受吗？ • I don't think so. 不会吧。 • Why not? 为什么啊？ • I don't want to. 就是不想干。 • 口语文体，其特点是：用词自由，句法结构简单 ，短句与省略句多，自然朴素，生活气息浓厚。
• 科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强， 行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化。常 用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置， 通过主语传递主要信息。
4
• Language – 清晰 Clarify – 简洁 Concision – 准确 Accurate – 精练 Refined – 严密 Strict – 精密 Precise
8
2.收集材料 标准：权威性,精确性,客观性, 实时性. • 使用自己的字词。用自己的字词总结材料也是为了防止剽 窃他人成果。 • 引用时要使用引用标记。这提醒你这是一个引用，并且需 要进行解释。 • 使用较短的句子，避免使用长的句子。 • 记住所记录内容的出处和页码。
9
3. 写出一个提纲与初稿
6
• • • • • •
Research Paper (学术性论文） Review （评述性论文） Dissertation （学位论文） Case Report （案例报道） Conference Report (会议论文） Popular Science Report （科普文章）
7
Preparation
2
• MONTREAL-Clark Johns accomplished a spectacular debut for his NHL career tonight, the first score launching a four -point first period out burst, to lead the Johnson City High Hats to a 6:4 victory over the Montreal Teals and their eighth consecutive game without a loss.
10
•
4. • • • • • •
• • • • • •
对草稿进行修改 论文标题是否能够说明论文主要讨论的内容 论点或者研究问题是否明确 引言中的材料是否足以说明点和问题的重要性 文章段落是否逻辑清楚 文章各节和段的衔接是否流畅 各段都有主题句且应该做到 – 与论点/问题相联系 – 同上一段的主题句有某种联系（某种顺序、比较或对比） – 能否给读者以足够的信息，让读者猜知该段的主要内容. 段落长短是否合宜，各段是否可以合并、拆分或增删 举例是否可信、有代表性、有说服力，举例是否太多或者太少 材料来源是否可信，自己的观点与专家的观点是否平衡 是否还有些内容需要给出出处 是否有内容脱离主题，或者不是必要的 结论是否与引言有所不同，ine
一、标题写作 二、摘要写作 三、正文写作 四、结束语和参考文献写作
12
一、标题写作
科技论文的标题是表达论文的特定内容，反映研究范围和深度的 最恰当、最简明的逻辑组合，即题名应“以最少数量的单词来充 分表述论文的内容”。题名的作用主要有二方面： • （1）吸引读者。题名相当于论文的“标签”，一般读者通常是根 据题名来考虑是否需要阅读摘要或全文，而这个决定往往是在一 目十行的过程中做出的。因此，题名如果表达不当，就会失去其 应有的作用，使真正需要它的读者错过阅读论文的机会。 • （2）辅助文献检索。文献检索系统多以题名中的主题词作为线索 ，因而这些词必须要准确地反映论文的核心内容 否则就有可能产 生漏检。此外，图书馆和研究机构大都使用自动检索系统，其中 有些是根据题名中的主题词来查找资料的。 因此，不恰当的题名 很可能会导致论文“丢失”，从而不能被潜在的读者获取。
19
• 2) 为科技情报文献检索数据库的建设和维护提供方便。 论文发表后，文摘杂志或各种数据库对摘要可以不作修改 或稍作修改而直接利用，从而避免他人编写摘要可能产生 的误解、欠缺甚至错误。随着电子计算机技术和Internet 的迅猛发展，网上查询、检索和下载专业数据已成为当前 科技信息情报检索的重要手段，网上各类全文数据库、文 摘数据库，越来越显示出现代社会信息交流的水平和发展 趋势。同时论文摘要的索引是读者检索文献的重要工具。 所以论文摘要的质量高低，直接影响着论文的被检索率和 被引频次。
18
二、摘要写作
1. 摘要的概念和作用 • 摘要又称概要、内容提要。摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的， 不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。 国家标准规定：摘要是报告、论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短 陈述。摘要内容包括：研究目的、研究对象、研究方法、研究结 果、所得结论、结论的适应范围及意义等6项内容。其中，研究的 对象与结果是每篇摘要必不可缺的内容。 • 摘要应具有独立性和自明性，即不阅读全文，就能获得必要的信 息。因此摘要是一种可以被引用的完整短文。对一篇完整的论文 都要求写随文摘要，摘要的主要功能有： • 1) 让读者尽快了解论文的主要内容，以补充题名的不足。现代科 技文献信息浩如烟海，读者检索到论文题名后是否会阅读全文， 主要就是通过阅读摘要来判断；
16
• 2) 题名的字数。题名不应过长，在能准确反映论文特 定内容的前提下，题名词数越少越好。 • 3) 中英文题名的一致性。同一篇论文，其英文题名与 中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应 。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动 。 • 4) 题名中的冠词。在早年，科技论文题名中的冠词用 得较多，近些年有简化的趋势，凡可用可不用的冠词 均可不用。