南航2014-2015非英语专业英语考试题
(完整版)民航英语期末试题
2015~2016学年第二学期期末考试卷年级2014 专业空乘服务层次大专科目民航英语I. Choose the best answer. ( 60% )( )1.737 is a ______ airplane.A. medium-to-long rangeB. short-to-medium rangeC. short rangeD. long range( )2. 737-600/700/800/900 are categorized to ______.A. Boeing 737 CLB. Boeing 737 NEWC. Boeing 737 NGD. Boeing 737-6789( )3. Winglet was introduced by NASA, while blended winglet was invented by ______.A. BoeingB. AirbusC. BombardierD. Embraer( )4. ______ is a modified version of 737-700 or 737-800.A. ACJB. BBJC. ARJD.ERJ( )5. The newest member of 737 family is ______.A. 737-800B. 737-900C. 737-900ERD. 737-1000( )6. ______ is short for Europe’s Joint Aviation Authorities.A. FAAB. JAAC. CACCD. JAA( )7. The first airlines to order a new type of airplane is called ______.A. new customerB. launch customerC. delivering customerD. receiving customer( )8. “ER” is short for ______.A. longer rangeB. extended rangeC. expensive rangeD. extended runway( )9. On Jan. 24,2005, the first 737 without ______ windows rolled out.A. eyeB. browC. eyebrowD. eyelid( )10. Advanced technology winglets allow airlines to save on fuel and carry more ______.A. workloadB. downloadC. payloadD. upload( )11. The thrust management system does two functions. It moves the ______ and calculates the thrust limit for the EICAS display.A. control columnB. flapsC. rudder pedalsD. throttles( )12. Go-round is armed when ______ is captured or flaps are not up.A. glide slopeB. localizerC. NDBD. VOR( )13. AFDS is an acronym for ______.A. autopilot flight data systemB. autopilot flight director systemC. automatic flight descent systemD. automatic flight data system( )14. All flight control surfaces are moved by ______ power control actuators.A. electricalB. mechanicalC. hydraulicD. pneumatic( )15. Mechanical inputs control the hydraulic power control actuators. These inputs are from manual controls or ______.A. electrical controlsB. electric controlsC. electronic controlsD. autopilot servos( )16. Manual inputs are supplied from these components: control wheels; control columns; rudder pedals; ______ through the rudder pedals.A. main wheel steeringB. nose wheel steeringC. wheelD. steering( )17. Go-around is inhibited in the ______ mode.A. landingB. RTOC. cruisingD. take-off( )18. ILS is short for ______.A. instrument landing systemB. integrated logistic systemC. integrated instrument systemD. integrated lodging service( )19. The yaw dampers move the rudder to dampen Dutch roll to improve ride quality. They also provide ______ coordination.A. yawB. pitchC. rollD. turn( )20. The go-around mode is a combined autopilot and auto throttle mode provided for ______ after an aborted approach.A. landingB. cruisingC. climboutD. gliding( )21. The launch customer of 787 is ______.A. UAB. ANAC. AAD. Air France( )22. ______ is to bring electrical power onto the airplane and begin to exercise the use of electrical system.A. Power onB. Electricity onC. Power offD. Turn on( )23. 787 is a more electronic airplane with the ______ , or bleed air system being totally replaced by electronics.A. pneumaticB. electricalC. hydraulicD. air( )24. A half of the primary structures of the 787 are made if the ______ materials. A. complex B. compositeC. alloyD. plastic( )25. ______ and ______ supply engines to 787.A. PW, RRB. PW, CFMC. GE, RRD. GE, CFM( )26. Which one is not a fastener?A. NutB. Bolt( )27. B787 is a ______ airplane.A. wide-bodyB. fat bodyC. narrow bodyD. thin body( )28. One ______ is just the speed of sound.A. machB. mileC. nautical mileD. foot( )29. Dream liner refers to ______.A. 777B.787C. 380D. 350( )30. Which one of the following statements about 787 is wrong?A. Its pneumatic system is replaced by electronics.B. A half the primary structure of it is made of composite materials.C. It brings big-jet range to mid-size airplanes.D. The cabin humidity is decreased.II. Translation. ( 20% )(1)A: Mr, Smith , would you like any assistance through Immigration?P: No. thank you just the same. My son has come to see me off and he will assist(帮助) me.A: I’m afraid he is not allowed to enter Immigration areas because he Is not a passenger.P: Oh, I didn’t think of that, then, I will need your special assistance.A: we can arrange a wheelchair if you would like one.P: yes. I would.___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________(2)A: Mr , Smith , May I invite you to our First Class Lounge where you can relax (休息、放松) until your flight is ready for boarding.P: Thank you .A: It’s located in the departure hall near your boarding gate. let me show you thewe are at your service.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-________III. Translate the following telegraph. ( 20%)看以下电报，说明每一部分代表的内容。
2015年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．semi-finished product正确答案：半成品2．online education正确答案：网络教育3．bilateral relations正确答案：双边关系4．economic recession正确答案：经济衰退5．accident rate正确答案：事故发生率6．emergency landing正确答案：紧急降落7．space shuttle正确答案：航天飞机8．communication satellite正确答案：通信卫星9．NASA正确答案：美国国家航空航天局(National Aero nautics and Space Administration)10．microprocessor正确答案：微处理器11．information highway正确答案：信息高速公路12．food security正确答案：粮食安全13．face shield正确答案：面罩14．awarding ceremony正确答案：颁奖仪式15．cultural heritage正确答案：文化遗产汉译英16．空气质量指数正确答案：Air Quality Index(AQI)17．网民正确答案：netizen18．国际空间站正确答案：International Space Station19．电子客票正确答案：electronic ticket 20．机场巴十正确答案：airport bus 21．互联网正确答案：Internet 22．登机牌正确答案：boarding pass 23．安全检查正确答案：security check 24．紧急出口正确答案：emergency exit 25．护照正确答案：passport 26．高技术战争正确答案：high-tech war 27．主页正确答案：homepage 28．健康证明正确答案：health certificate 29．飞机机组人员正确答案：aircrew30．常住人口正确答案：permanent population英汉互译英译汉31．Today’s policemen in large cities throughout the world rely on modern inventions to help them in their work. In most places motor scooters and police patrol cars have done away with the need to patrol on foot or on horseback. Policemen use telephones, conveniently located throughout their districts, to make immediate contact with headquarters. Radio, television, and computers help to speed the work of the modern force. Even boats and helicopters are part of the equipment of metropolitan police departments. New technical inventions are widely used to fight crime and speed the solution for criminal cases. Electronic computers reduce from hours to minutes the time spent in searching for fingerprints. Witness’descriptions of a criminal are coded and fed into a computer. The machine then sorts through the picture file of known criminals and selects the name and photograph of the most likely suspect. Lie detectors are used to uncover the truth.正确答案：如今，全球很多大城市的警察都借助现代发明进行工作。
[考研类试卷]2015年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc
![[考研类试卷]2015年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/9032729d360cba1aa811da8e.png)
[考研类试卷]2015年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 semi-finished product2 online education3 bilateral relations4 economic recession5 accident rate6 emergency landing7 space shuttle8 communication satellite9 NASA10 microprocessor11 information highway12 food security13 face shield14 awarding ceremony15 cultural heritage汉译英16 空气质量指数17 网民18 国际空间站19 电子客票20 机场巴十21 互联网22 登机牌23 安全检查24 紧急出口25 护照26 高技术战争27 主页28 健康证明29 飞机机组人员30 常住人口英译汉31 Today's policemen in large cities throughout the world rely on modern inventions to help them in their work. In most places motor scooters and police patrol cars have done away with the need to patrol on foot or on horseback. Policemen use telephones, conveniently located throughout their districts, to make immediate contact with headquarters. Radio, television, and computers help to speed the work of the modern force. Even boats and helicopters are part of the equipment of metropolitan police departments. New technical inventions are widely used to fight crime and speed the solution for criminal cases. Electronic computers reduce from hours to minutes the timespent in searching for fingerprints. Witness'descriptions of a criminal are coded and fed into a computer. The machine then sorts through the picture file of known criminals and selects the name and photograph of the most likely suspect. Lie detectors are used to uncover the truth.32 Unhappiness comes either through fear or through vain and unbridled desire; but if a man controls these, he can win for himself the blessedness of understanding. Of desires, all that do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not satisfied, are not necessary, but involve a desire which is easily dispelled, when the aim is hard to realize or they seem likely to produce harm. Wherever in the case of desires which are natural, but do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not fulfilled, the effort is intense, such pleasures are due to idle imagination, and it is not owing to their own nature that they fail to be dispelled , but owing to the empty imagining of the man.The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor true joy created either by the possession of the greatest wealth or by honor and respect in the eyes of the mob or by anything else that is associated with causes of unlimited desires. We must not violate nature, but obey her; and we shall obey her if we fulfill the necessary and natural desires, if they bring no harm to us. The man who follows nature and not vain opinions is independent in all things. For in reference to what is enough for nature every possession is riches, but in reference to unlimited desires even the greatest wealth is not riches but poverty.Insofar as you are in difficulties, it is because you forget nature; for you create for yourself unlimited fears and desires. It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and a rich table and be full of trouble.汉译英33 人们常常把物理学定义为关于物质和能量的科学，它主要涉及物质世界的定律和性质。
学14—15学年下学期高一期末考试英语试题(附答案)
2014～2015学年第二学期期末考试高一英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. How much does a first class flight ticket to Sydney cost?A. ＄346.B. ＄546.C. ＄646.2. What does the man probably want to use the woman’s laptop for?A. To do some shopping online.B. To connect his cell phone to it.C. To prepare for his school paper.3. Why does the woman want to leave now?A. She has got tired of boating.B. It is time to listen to the radio.C. The weather will change soon.4. What does the man probably want to do?A. Reserve two rooms.B. Cancel his reservation.C. Check into a hotel.5. Where is the man probably?A. In a bank.B. In a shop.C. In the school.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who will pick up Mrs. Brown’s daughter this time?A. Mrs. Brown.B. Tom.C. Mrs. Smith.7. When will the man most probably look after Mrs. Brown’s daughter this afternoon?A. From 4:30 to 5:00.B. From 5:00 to 5:30.C. From 4:30 to 5:30.请听第7段材料，回答第8 至10题。
2014年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2014年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．artificial intelligence正确答案：人工智能2．greenhouse gases正确答案：温室气体3．integrated circuit正确答案：集成电路4．information retrieval正确答案：信息检索5．credit risk正确答案：信用风险6．pay by installment正确答案：分期付款7．press conference正确答案：新闻发布会8．arms race正确答案：军备竞赛9．host city正确答案：主办城市10．budget deficit正确答案：预算赤字11．videophone正确答案：可视电话12．economic depression正确答案：经济萧条13．guided missile正确答案：导弹14．aerodynamics正确答案：空气动力学15．automatic control正确答案：自动控制汉译英16．机器人正确答案：robot17．飞机起落架正确答案：aircraft landing gear 18．空调系统正确答案：air conditioning system 19．最大起飞重量正确答案：maximum take-off weight20．手机短信正确答案：short message21．技术开发正确答案：technological development22．雾霾正确答案：smog23．机场航站楼正确答案：airport terminal24．注册资本正确答案：registered capital25．市场营销正确答案：marketing26．欧元区正确答案：Eurozone27．民航业正确答案：civil aviation28．大飞机正确答案：large passenger aircraft29．机长正确答案：pilot-in-command30．电气工程与自动化正确答案：electrical engineering and automation英汉互译英译汉31．In many areas the A380 has proven technologies that will become the standard for the next generation of airliners. As one example, the aircraft benefits from a higher proportion of carbon-fibre composite than any previous Airbus aircraft, around 22% compared with 12% for an A340-600 or 9% on a 777. For the first time, this technology has been applied to major components such as the centre-wing box. The information and data management requirements for an aircraft as large as the A380 also have placed demands on system design. These have been met in two ways. The aircraft’s system uses 22 computers of 7 different varieties that share all the functions traditionally handled by individual “black boxes”Data exchange in the system utilizes a high capacity and high speed datalink with data exchange at a rate of 10 million bits per second, 100 times the capacity of a traditional avionics system.正确答案：在很多方面，A380经验证的技术都将成为下一代飞机的标准。
英语2014年南京航空航天大学硕士研究生考试真题
南京航空航天大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 A卷 科目代码: 246满分: 100 分科目名称: 英语注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. A man does not know the difficulty of anything_________ he does it personally.A. althoughB. ifC. becauseD. unless2. I don't remember___________ to the airport that year.A. to be takenB. being takenC. havingD. to take3. We liked the oil painting better____________ we looked at it.A. asB. whileC. theD. the more4. I don't skate now, but I___________ when I was a kid.A. used toB. am used to itC. usedD. used to do5. He didn’t seem to mind_____________ TV while he was trying to studyA. them to watchB. that they watchC. their watchingD. watching6. Flight BA 123 to Vienna is now boarding at ____________.A. Gate 21B. 21St GateC. the Gate 21D. 21 Gate7. —May I have another chocolate?—Yes, of course.___________.A. Take it yourselfB. Eat it, pleaseC. Help yourselfD. Have it yourself8. —He isn’t particular about his food.—Yes, he eats_____________ anything.A. nearlyB. mostlyC. almostD. possibly9. __________ , we'll come to see you again.A. If time will permitB. Time permitsC. Time permittingD. Time permitted10. __________ you understand the rule, you will have no further difficulty.A. WhileB. OnceC. ThoughD. Unless11．Every autumn the bears can be seen ______ around this town of about 800 people.A. wonderingB. wanderingC. windingD. wounding12. The population bomb is a ______ that has already happened in some parts of the world, with terrible results.A. distressB. miracleC. disasterD. giant13. I do wish you could _____ these sheets of paper together.A. mendB. repairC. pasteD. patch14. Cleaning out the basement was a ______ job.A. tediousB. miserableC. marvelousD. desirable15. Whether he can pass the examination is thought to be _____ for his going abroad.A. personalB. specialC. conventionalD. crucial16. The local police made an ______ into the accident which caused ten deaths.A. interferenceB. investigationC. interruptionD. interaction17. When he was visiting Brussels he ______ a meeting and demonstrated his invention.A. dressedB. suspendedC. addressedD. prepared18. As he was getting old, his memory of the past began to _______.A. reduceB. lessenC. rememberD. fade19. As they can’t afford to let the situation get worse, they will take some necessary _______.A. decisionsB. ideasC. directionsD. steps20. Many difficulties have ______ as a result of the change to a new type of fuel.A. risenB. reachedC. arisenD. arrivedII. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.21. In the long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.A. foodB. oilC. spaceD. resources22.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____A. it might be possible to change its atmosphereB. its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sC. there is a good supply of water on VenusD. the days on Venus are long enough23. On Venus there is a lot of ________.A. waterB. carbon dioxideC. carbon monoxideD. oxygen24. Algae are plants that can____.A. live in very hot temperaturesB. live in very cold temperaturesC. manufacture oxygenD. all of the above25. Man can land on Venus only when_______.A. the algae have done their workB. the atmosphere becomes coolerC. there is oxygenD. it rains therePassage 2As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraidof stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.26. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.A. they do not know how to enjoy themselvesB. they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthC. they are traveling fast all the timeD. they are becoming busier with their work27. According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.A. not fearing stressB. knowing the art of relaxationC. high sense of responsibilityD. having control over performance28. Which of the following statements is true?A. We can find some ways to avoid stressB. Stress is always harmful to peopleC. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.D. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress29. In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.A. "making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"B. "reaction to stress both chemically and physically"C. "responding to crises quickly"D. "losing heart at the signs difficulties"30. In the last sentence of the passage, “do so " refers to ______.A. "expose ourselves to stress"B. "find ways to deal with stress"C. "remove stress from our lives"D. "established links between diseases and stress"Passage 3The UK is made up of four countries---England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland---which have widely differing cultures and languages.Wales was the first country to fall under English control, in the late 16th-century. The Welsh were never actually defeated by the English. Instead, they realized that unity with their bigger neighbor was the only way to end the almost continuous state of war that existed between the two countries. Since unity, England and Wales have hadthe same systems of law, education and government.The situation between Scotland and England was very difficult. They fought fierce wars for centuries, each invading each other, whenever the situation seemed in their favor. This came to an end in the 17th-century when King James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of England, after Queen Elizabeth I died without children. In 1707, Scotland and England were brought together in an Act of union. This took away much of the Scots’ control of their own affairs, but they kept their own systems of law and education.For the three countries, union resulted in peace. But England’s occupation of Ireland has always been characterized by violence. Ireland was slowly brought under English control in the 16th- and 17th-centuries. But it retained its own government until 1801, when it was brought together with the Parliament at Westminster.However, most of its people spoke Gaelic rather than English and they remained faithful Catholics, while the established religion in England was Protestantism. By 1920, Britain was under pressure to leave Ireland by 1920. In 1921, an agreement was signed whereby a separate Irish Free State (today called the Irish Republic) was created. This did not, however, include the six countries of Northern Ireland, which remain part of the “United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.”31.The main topic of this passage is about ________.A.the different cultures and languages in UKB.how the four countries fought with each otherC.how the UK came aboutD.the history of the UK32.Which of the following is NOT part of UK?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales and Northern IrelandD. The Irish Republic33.Who kept their own systems of law and education in spite of losing much of the control of their ownaffairs?A. The EnglishB. The ScotsC. The WelshD. The Irish34.It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that _________.A.it is easy for England to occupy IrelandB.it is extremely difficult for England to occupy IrelandC.it is easy for England to occupy ScotlandD.it is especially difficult for England and Wales to be united35.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.The Welsh, compared with other people in the UK, love peace most.B.Scotland and England fought fierce wars for centuries.C.Ireland kept their own government until 1801.D.England has completely occupied Ireland up till now.Passage 4Should the United States support a “Man In Space” program? Opponents and proponents present strong arguments on both sides.The opponents point out how enormously expensive manned space operations are: Every shuttle flight costs taxpayers about $500 million, and the anticipated bill for the international space station is $35 billion-$40 billion. They also think that the returns from such space investments so far do not justify the expense. They suspect that much of the space testing of new materials and purer crystals could be performed on Earth at a much lower cost, either through automated systems, on less-expensive unmanned rockets, or even in laboratories. They believe it is reckless to spend such enormous sums of money in space for an uncertain return, when there are so many unmet needs here on Earth.The proponents of manned space programs have difficulty countering these strong arguments. However, they point out that since the space shuttle now exists we might as well make use of it. They believe that new materials created in the space environment may prove extremely useful and that the perfect crystals which cannot be made in Earth’s gravity will allow us to understand the molecular structure of viruses. As a result, we may be able to create powerful new drugs, perhaps overcoming critical diseases, even AIDS. They also argue that the space station represents the first truly international endeavor on a great scale and that it will promote cooperation and understanding between nations and help eliminate future wars.Taking a broader view, there is no doubt that exploration of new lands and conquests of new frontiers have always been creative forces throughout the history of humanity and have promoted the advancement of knowledge and culture. In 1993, when Congress saved the international space station from being abandoned, a decisive event occurred in man’s conquest of space. This critical act may deeply affect humanity’s future. It was the discovery of the New World that gave Western civilization the impetus for the explosive growth in science and technology that took place during the succeeding centuries. Exploring space and colonizing other planets is not an option. It is a necessity if humanity is to evolve and not become an inactive species with no room and no incentive for further development.36. Some people object to the “Man in Space” program mainly because _________.A. many experiments can be performed on EarthB. it is too expensive and the returns are not certainC. there are a lot of difficulties involvedD. it can only bring limited benefits37. The expression “might as well” (Par. 3) probably means “_______”.A. had toB. had betterC. might probablyD. might like to38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the possible benefits of “Man in Space” program?A. New materials created in the space may turn out to have a lot of uses.B. Powerful new drugs may be created to overcome critical diseases.C. Cooperation between nations may be promoted.D. Population on earth may be reduced.39. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The “Man in Space” program brings about a lot of arguments.B. It is easy for supporters of the program to convince their opponents of its necessity.C. Throughout the history of humanity, people always like to explore new lands and conquer new frontiers.D. It is necessary for people to explore space and colonize other planets if humanity is to evolve.40. It seems that the author is _______ the program.A. againstB. doubtful ofC. indifferent toD. in favor ofIII. Translation (30 points)Section ADirections: Read the following passage carefully. Then translate it into Chinese. Please write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.Some people think that the spread of automated machines will deprive mankind of its proper functions. This kind of point of view has been confirmed by the use of language translator. With important technological and scientific work being done today, a machine can be set to treat a foreign language as a coded message which it can analyze and put into English. As strange as it might seem, these machines are taking over as translators in ever increasing numbers.Section BDirections: Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given below. Please write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.1.这是一次重要的会议，请务必不要迟到。
2014-2015年TEM4真题及答案详解
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014) -GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two. SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. What are they mainly talking about in the conversation?A. Transport.B. Customers.C. Relocation.D. Restaurants.2. Which of the following is mentioned by Tim as a good reason for moving?A. More office space.B. Convenient parking.C. Fewer office workers.D. A near-by train station.3. Why is Jane worried about winter in the new location?A. It is much colder there.B. There are few activities.C. There are no good restaurants.D. There is no cinema or theatre.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Miss Parkinson became interested in her own business _______.A. before she worked for the media companyB. when she was on holiday five years agoC. after she went to therapists and classesD. after her friend recommended it to her5. Why did she ask her teachers to teach her at home?A. She was busier than before.B. It was more convenient.C. She liked to exercise at home.D. She was given a promotion.6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the conversation?A. She recommended people to take classes.B. She was willing to pay more for classes at home.C. She left her job immediately after her promotion.D. She regarded the business as a pastime at first.7. Why did she finally leave her job?A. She got bored with her job.B. She saw an opportunity.C. She needed the money.D. She was forced to leave.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the single-lens reflex?A. Different lenses can be used.B. Focusing is easier.C. You can see what you are taking.D. It is cheaper and lighter.9. According to the shop assistant, the main difference between the two types of cameras lies in _______.A. lensB. priceC. weightD. size10. It can be inferred from the conversation that the customer is more likely to buy _______ in the end.A. a single-lens cameraB. nothingC. a rangefinder cameraD. several lenses insteadSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. Which of the following details about the front of the house is CORRECT?A. The front is pink.B. The curtain is drawn.C. No window can be seen.D. There are two doors.12. What is to the immediate left side of the house?A. A washing line.B. Another house.C. A flat area.D. A chimney.13. Where is the small town in the picture?A. Between two hills.B. Further to the left of the house.C. At the back of the house.D. At the side of a hill.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. When did Ben first become interested in Mongolia?A. When he grew up.B. When he learned Mongolian.C. When he returned home.D. When he was nine years old.15. Where did he spend most of his teenage years?A. In Mongolia.B. In the Arab world.C. In his hometown.D. In some other regions.16. We learn from the passage that Ben _______ while doing his master’s degree.A. became interested in classical MongolianB. learned classical and modern MongolianC. gave up modern MongolianD. mastered modern Mongolian17. Which of the following details is NOT true according to the passage?A. Ben wants to visit Mongolia when the weather is warm.B. Ben considers the travel expense reasonable.C. The trip today is expensive considering inflation.D. Ben was unable to travel to Mongolia in 1971.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. Which is the height of towers at Sky Greens vertical farm?A. 9 meters.B. 20 meters.C. 100 meters.D. 40 meters.19. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The farm sells its vegetables to a local supermarket.B. The farm uses less water and energy to grow vegetables.C. The farm causes less pollution in its production.D. The farm sells at the same price as imported produce20. According to the passage, one particular advantage of the Sky Green is _______.A. local climateB. local supportC. plan for expansionD. closeness to the city SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the passage, Turkish police were unsure about _______.A. when the woman was killedB. the main cause of the deathC. the woman’s identityD. why she failed to return home22. How many people had been detained by Turkish police?A. 9.B. 19.C.22.D. 33.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. What is the situation now in Kidal according to the news?A. Islamist militants are still in control of the town.B. French forces have entered the town.C. French are going to land at the airport.D. Islamist militants are attacking the airport.24. Why did the French launch the military operation?A. To control Kidal airport.B. To protect the town.C. To protect the capital Bamako.D. To fight against Islamist militants. Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. Which of the following is TRUE about the immigration reform?A. It was proposed by a group of senators.B. Mr Obama had carried out the reform.C. Illegal immigrants would soon be given citizenship.D. The reform failed to improve the current system.26. According to Obama’s 2011 blueprint, how long would it take for illegal immigrants to gain citizenship?A. Eight years.B. Five years.C. Thirteen years.D. Eleven years. Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is Lorraine Melvill’s business?A. Running a plastic surgery clinic.B. Arranging for surgery and safaris.C. Providing consultancy to local people.D. Organizing trips to UK and American.28. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the news item?A. Local African clients helped keep her business going.B. Her clients were unable to pay her the money.C. Her business was affected by the global financial crisis.D. She still had as many European clients as before.Questions 29 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.29. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Foreign investment in unstable regions.B. BP’s presence in North Africa.C. Security concerns in risky countries.D. Protection for foreign oil workers. Questions 30 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.30. What is the main message of the news item?A. London attracts shoppers from all over the world.B. Most people in Nigeria live in poverty.C. Wealthier Nigerians become a big spender.D. People from the Middle East are the most wealthy.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]2 Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO. The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)____ important. Although divisions of labour had been(32)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,(33)____ could now become fully realised. This specialization of labour was in (34)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)____ and changed working life forever (38)____ were the days when work was (39)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)____. The clocking-on machine was (42)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)____ twenty years later. (44)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)____ and predictable income, but long hours.Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)____ was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)____ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)____ Monday mor ning. A new division between “work” and “leisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived33. A. he B. it C. these D. those34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm35. A. that B. what C. where D. which36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated40. A. over B. on C. by D. to41. A. standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice47. A. culture B. behaviour C. custom D. habit48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate49. A. before B. until C. on D. after50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. presentPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first.A. is examiningB. will examineC. examinesD. examine52. Which of the following sentences expresses a future action?A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister.B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance.C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge.D. I’m hoping that you’ll give us some advice.53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement?A. The front door remained locked.B. The boy looked disappointed.C. Nancy appeared worried.D. He seemed to have no money left.54. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Physics is an important school subject.B. The Niagara Falls is in North America.C. The United States borders Canada.D. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.55. Which of the following sentences indicates POSSIBILITY?A. The moon cannot always be at the full.B. You cannot smoke inside the building.C. He cannot come today.D. She cannot play the piano.56. The boys in the family are old enough for ________.A. schoolsB. schoolC. the schoolD. the schools57. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship?A. He was reading Mary’s letter in the room.B. You can buy men’s shoes in this shop.C. Mrs. Black’s passport was lost.D. The enemy’s defeat brought the war to an end.58. Please pardon ________ you.A. my disturbingB. disturbing meC. to disturbD. that I disturb59. Which of the following tag questions is INCORRECT?A. Carry this parcel for me, will you?B. Nobody wants to go there, does he?C. Few people know him, don’t they?D. E verything is ready, isn’t it?60. Which of the following reflexive pronouns（反身代词）is used as an object?A. I spoke to the president himself.B. Frank is not quite himself today.C. Linda herself will play the violin.D. You must pull yourself together.61. The research team can handle ________ needs to be handled.A. wheneverB. whicheverC. whereverD. whatever62. Which of the following italicized parts modifies an adverb?A. I rather like my teacher.B. That was a very funny film.C. Do it right now.D. We walked about 6 miles.63. When the sentence “They had made a mess of the house” is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?A. A mess had been made in the house.B. A mess had been made by them.C. The house had been made a mess of.D. The house had been made a mess.64. Fool ________ Michael is, he could not have done such a thing.A. asB. whoC. thatD. like65. When the sentence “Shall I drive you to the airport first?” is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate?A. He agreed to drive me to the airport first.B. He offered to drive me to the airport first.C. He advised me to go to the airport first.D. He suggested that I drive to the airport first.66. The interviewers were impressed by the high calibre of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means ________.A. criterionB. qualityC. qualificationD. level67. Her career has ________ a number of activities —composing, playing and acting.A. heldB. producedC. embracedD. combined68. The operation could ________ her life by two or three years.A. prolongB. increaseC. expandD. continue69. All her cousins and their children have fair hair. The underlined part means ___.A. fineB. darkC. thickD. light70. John always feels sluggish first thing in the morning. The underlined part means ________.A. sickB. inactiveC. dizzyD. drowsy71. The family of the victim had to endure a long wait before the case cane to trial. The underlined part means ________.A. tolerateB. keepC. faceD. hold72. The chief of surgery became committee chairman by virtue of ________.A. seniorityB. serviceC. ageD. rank73. He turned his back on them when they most needed him. The underlined part means ________.A. criticizedB. ignoredC. betrayedD. deceived74. Our school did not ________ for Christmas until mid-December.A. break outB. break downC. break upD. break in75. The flags in the stadium ________ in the wind.A. flappedB. movedC. shookD. stirred76. His mother retired early on account of poor health. The underlined part means ________.A. despiteB. withC. according toD. because of77. The whole country was in ________ over the result of the elections.A. suspensionB. suspenseC. suspendingD. suspender78. There is no conceivable reason why there should be any difficulty during the project. The underlined part can be replaced by all the following EXCEPT ________.A. thinkableB. imaginableC. possibleD. observable79. The employers prepared, with all due ________ for a conference with the Trade Unions.A. cautionB. concernC. certaintyD. consideration80. Our experiment was conducted under optimal conditions. The underlined part means ________.A. perfectB. properC. possibleD. proposedPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were stillfree. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip’s clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip’s deformity. Philip was completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.81. From the beginning of the passage we learn that ________.A. some pupils came from the local areaB. the school only accepted day-boysC. the school had only three classesD. Philip’s class was part of the senior school82. What was Philip’s reaction to his class?A. He thought class was too short.B. He found his class surprising.C. He seemed to have enjoyed it.D. He wanted to change class.83. In the game Philip lost his ground because ________.A. the game wasn’t fit for new boys like himB. the playground wasn’t big enough for the gameC. he did not know the rules of the gameD. he could not run as quickly as other boys84. What did the boys do after Philip lost his ground?A. They continued with the game.B. They stopped to make fun of him.C. They changed to another game.D. They stopped and went inside.85. How did Philip feel in the end?A. He was ashamed of himself.B. He was very nervous.C. He was really horrified.D. He felt himself stupid.TEXT BFor parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.”Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study that reported students’ emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs.Atgraduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student should know about stress.First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.Second, the human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful experience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as your normal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.One technique involves slowing your thoughts and focusing on your heartbeat, breathing slowly and deeply, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive.Finally, stress can be lessened by loving what you study. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.86. The author cites the latest research study in order to show that ________.A. students are studying harder in collegeB. most students have part-time job nowC. stress continues to the time of graduationD. students only feel stressed while in school87. According to the passage, stress might cause all the following negative effects EXCEPT ________.A. socialB. mentalC. emotionalD. physical88. In the author’s opinion, stress can be controlled by ________.A. doing what you preferB. identifying your present emotional state firstC. finding a more positive feeling firstD. focusing on your emotional state89. According to the context, what does “your own biology” mean in the last paragraph?A. Your current major.B. Your future job.C. Your future research.D. Your preference.90. Which of the following is the best as the title of the passage?A. Causes of Stress.B. Type of Stress.College C. Life and Stress. D. Stress and Control Methods.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2010, up 75% froma year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts.Economics has much to do with texting’s popularity. Text messages cost carriers less than traditional mobile voice transmissions, and so they cost users less. Sprint Nextel has reconceived its Virgin Mobile brand to cater to heavy texters in a difficult economy. For $25 per month, users get unlimited texting, email, social networking and 300 talk minutes; for another $15, they get an additional 900 talk minutes. The name of the brand's new wireless plan: “Beyond Talk.”Texting’s rise over conversation is changing the way we interact, social scientists and researchers say. We are now inclined to text to relay difficult information. We stare at our phone when we want to avoid eye contact. Rather than make plans in advance, we engage in what research have named “micro-coordination”—”I’ll txt u in 10mins when I know wh/ restrnt.”Texting saves us time, but it steals from quiet reflection. “When p eople have a mobile device and have even a little extra time, they will communicate with someone in their life,” says Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project.And the phone conversation will never be completely obsolete. Deal makers and other professionals still spend much of the day on the phone. Researchers say people are more likely to use text-based communications at the preliminary stages of projects. The phone comes into play when there are multiple options to consider or important decisions to be made.91. At the beginning of the passage, the author uses figures for the purpose of ________.A. introductionB. comparisonC. explanationD. transition92. According to the context, which of the following is c losest in meaning to “besidethe point”?A. Unimportant.B. Unacknowledged.C. Underestimated.D. Undeniable.93. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause for texting’s popularity?A. Promotion of cheaper wireless packages.B. Increase in the number of adult texters.C. Redesign of mobile devices.D. Rise of social media.94. According to the passage, texting can help people to ________.A. face difficult situationsB. make appointments in advanceC. communicate wish strangersD. avoid awkward situations95. What is the passage mainly about?A. Texting’s popularity and effect.B. Role of texting in business.C. Preference to texting over thinking.D. Innovation of mobile devices.TEXT DThe healthy adolescent boy or girl likes to do the real things in life, to do the things that matter. He would rather be a plumber’s mate and do a real job that requires doing than learn about hydrostatics sitting at a desk, without understanding what practical use they are going to be. A girl would rather look after the baby than learn about child care. Logically we should learn about things before doing them and that is presumably why the pundits enforce this in our educational system. But it is not the natural way-nor, I venture to think, the best way. The adolescent wants to do things first for only then does he appreciate the problems involved and want to learn more about them.They do these things better in primitive life, for there at puberty the boy joins his father in making canoes, patching huts, going out fishing or hunting. He is serving his apprenticeship in the actual accomplishments of life. It is not surprising that anthropologists(人类学家) find that the adolescents of primitive communities do not suffer from the same neurotic(神经质的) “difficulties” as those of civilized life. This is not, as some assume, because they are permitted more sexual freedom, but because they are given more natural outlets for their native interests and powers and are allowed to grow up freely into a full life of responsibility in the community.In the 19th century this was recognized in the apprenticeship system, which allowed the boy to go out with the master carpenter, or ploughman, to engage in the actual work of carpentry or roof-mending, and so to learn his trade. In some agricultural colleges at the present time young men have to do a year’s work on a farm before their theoretical training at college. The great advantage of this system is that it lets the apprentice see the practical problems before he sets to work learning how to solve them, and he can therefore take a more intelligent interest in his theoretical work.Since more knowledge of more things is now required in order to cope with the adult world,。
英语翻译基础2015年南京航空航天大学硕士研究生考试真题
南京航空航天大学2015年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 A卷 科目代码:357满分:150 分科目名称:英语翻译基础注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！Part I. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from English into Chinese. One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ X 15 =15’)1. semi‐finished product2. online education3. bilateral relations4. economic recession5. accident rate6. emergency landing7. space shuttle 8. communication satellite9. NASA 10. microprocessor11. information highway 12. food security13. face shield 14. awarding ceremony15. cultural heritagePart II. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from Chinese into English. One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ X 15 =15’)1. 空气质量指数2. 网民3. 国际空间站4. 电子客票5. 机场巴士6. 互联网7. 登机牌 8. 安全检查9. 紧急出口 10. 护照11. 高技术战争 12. 主页13. 健康证明 14. 飞机机组人员15. 常住人口Part III. Translate the following passages from English into Chinese. Each passage accounts for 30 points and the total for this part is 60 points (30’ × 2 = 60’).Passage 1Today's policemen in large cities throughout the world rely on modern inventions to help them in their work. In most places motor scooters and police patrol cars have done away with the need to patrol on foot or on horseback. Policemen use telephones, conveniently located throughout their districts, to make immediate contact with headquarters. Radio, television, and computers help to speed the work of the modern force. Even boats and helicopters are part of the equipment of metropolitan police departments. New technical inventions are widely used to fight crime and speed the solution for criminal cases. Electronic computer reduce from hours to minutes the time spent in searching for fingerprints. Witness's descriptions of a criminal are coded and fed into a computer. The machine then sorts through the picture file of known criminals and selects the name and photograph of the most likely suspect. Lie detectors are used to uncover the truth.Passage 2Unhappiness comes either through fear or through vain and unbridled desire; but if a man controls these, he can win for himself the blessedness of understanding. Of desires, all that do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not satisfied, are not necessary, but involve a desire which is easily dispelled, when the aim is hard to realize or they seem likely to produce harm. Wherever in the case of desires which are natural, but do not lead to a sense of pain, if they are not fulfilled, the effort is intense, such pleasures are due to idle imagination, and it is not owing to their own nature that they fail to be dispelled, but owing to the empty imagining of the man.The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor true joy created either by the possession of the greatest wealth or by honor and respect in the eyes of the mob or by anything else that is associated with causes of unlimited desires. We must not violate nature, but obey her; and we shall obey her if we fulfill the necessary and natural desires, if they bring no harm to us. The man who follows nature and not vain opinions is independent in all things. For in reference to what is enough for nature every possession is riches, but in reference to unlimited desires even the greatest wealth is not riches but poverty.Insofar as you are in difficulties, it is because you forget nature; for you create for yourself unlimited fears and desires. It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and a rich table and be full of trouble.Part IV. Translate the following passages from Chinese into English. Each passage accounts for 30 points and the total for this part is 60 points (30’ × 2 = 60’).Passage 1人们常常把物理学定义为关于物质和能量的科学，它主要涉及到物质世界的定律和性质。