8个国际标准音标及发音规则

48个国际音标表元音长元音/ɑ://?://??://i://U:/短元音/?? // e / / ? / /Λ/ / ? / /? / / ? /双元音/e?//a?//??//??//e?//??//??//a?/辅音10对清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [?] [?] [ts] [tr] [t? ]浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [e] [?] [dz] [dr] [d? ]3个鼻音 [m] [n] [?]3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l]2个半元音 [w] [j]有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

关于语音的几个概念:音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e ,这时元音发字母本身的音。

如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out ant1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling2) [i]发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious3) [æ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author delicious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen Saturday7)[Λ] 发音字母 u o ou oo8)up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above9)trouble rough blood flood10)[u:] 字母组合 oo o u11)food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude12)[ʊ] 字母组合 oo ou u o13)look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf14)15)16) 10） [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar17)small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter11) [ɒ] 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch12） [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm13) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye14) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town15）[ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey16) [əʊ] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ɪə] 字母组合 eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea18) [ʊə] 字母组合our owertour19） [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice20）[eə] 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said[i：] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[au] [ɔ:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [æ][Λ]fan fun tan tun san son tank tun3辅音1) [p]pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b]book big boot bike bread break3）[m] man make moon morning move come comb4）[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone5）[d] door dull desk dad food land6) [t] tree two ten ton lent want7) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean8）[l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 9）[g] girl good goal goat grade long language10) [k] king kite key look cook book sky (k在s后浊化为g) (发间字母k) card cat cream correct climb come (发音字母c)fox box x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule scheme (字母组合ch)11）[h] hot hop home house horse how who12)[dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk13）[tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach14）[ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure15）16）[r] read red right run room write17 [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)18)[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose19)[ϑ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth20) [ð] that this thos21）[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow22) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening23) [v] very evening even every voice vest24) [w] when what where window wind wood25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [ϑ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ð]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a [ ] [ ] [] [ ] []late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e [ ] [ ] [] []appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i [ ]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4）o [] [] [] [] []lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5）u [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubble 58英语学习support suggest6）c [ ] [ ]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g [ ] [ ] [ ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [ ]listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [ ] [ ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [ ] [ ]right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11）y [ ] [ ] [ ]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar [ ] [ ] [ ]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ ] [ ]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ ] [ ] [ ]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere [ ] [ ]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ ] [ ]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ ] [ ] [ ]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ ] [ ]door floormoor poor boor21) our [ ] [ ]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [ ] [ ] [ ]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [ ] [ ]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [ ] [ ]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [ ] [ ]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ ] [ ]tension progression passion provision conclusion television27) tion [ ] [ ](不常见)station nation translation attention question。