2008-2011年考研英语真题英译汉翻译

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考研英语二真题手译翻译2008

考研英语二真题手译翻译2008
1 Translation
1- In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.
He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
(47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning.

2011年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译

2011年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译

但为君故系列
D 坚守传统规则更安全 30 下面那一项最符合本文的题目 A 首席执行官,路在何方 B 首席执行官,勇往直前 C 高管冒险跳槽 D 高级经理的唯一出路
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销售成功的粗略指导方针过去常常是你得到的就是你付了钱的东西。 现在不 再是这样了。虽然传统的“付费”媒介仍然起着重要的作用,例如电视商业广告 和印刷广告,但如今公司还利用许多替代的媒介形式。热衷于某种产品的消费者 乐意把它向朋友宣传促销,从而为公司创造了“免费”媒介。公司可以利用“自 有”媒介向注册其网站的消费者发送有关产品和销售的提醒短信。消费者现在做 出购买决定这一过程的处理方式表明, 市场营销的影响力除了来自传统的付费媒 介,还来自一系列范围广泛的因素。 付费的和自有的媒介由推销自己产品的市场营销商控制。对于免费媒介而 言,这些营销商充当了用户反应的发起人。但是在有些情况下,一个市场营销商 的自有媒介成了另一个营销商的付费媒介,例如,当电子商务零售商出售他的网 站上的广告空间时。我们把这样的售出的媒介称作自有媒介,它的访问流量如此 巨大,以致其它机构也希望把它们的内容或电子商务引擎放置在那样的环境中。 我们认为这种趋势还处于初始阶段,但它从零售商和旅游服务提供商(如航空公 司和旅馆)有效地开始并无疑将得到进一步的发展。例如,强生公司(Johnson & Johnson)已经创立了宝宝中心网(BabyCenter) ,这是一个无与伦比的媒介产业, 它被用于宣传促销配套性的、甚至竞争性的产品。其他市场营销商的存在除了产 生收益以外,还使得该网站看上去似乎很客观,这就给公司许多机遇去了解其它 公司营销魅力的宝贵信息并且有助于为所有相关公司扩大用户的流量。 已经给市场营销商提供更多的(更多样化的)通讯工具选择的同样振奋人心 的技术变革也增加了这样的风险:热情的消费者将以更快捷的、更明显的、更有 破坏性的方式来发表他们的看法。这种劫持媒介的作用与免费媒介正好相反:一 项资产或一个活动会成为消费者、 其他利益相关者或对一种品牌或产品发表负面 指控的活动分子手中的“人质” 。例如,社交网络的成员正在了解到,他们能够 劫持媒介以便对原来创造这些媒介的公司施加压力。 如果发生那样的事情,激情的消费者会劝说其他消费者去抵制这些产品,从 而危害这家目标公司的声誉。在这样的情况下,公司的回应可能不会很快或考虑 不周,并且一直处于了解情况的阶段。相反的例子是,丰田汽车公司利用相对快 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故

08年英语翻译

08年英语翻译

西南政法大学2008年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题学科专业:外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目:809 翻译(150分)考生注意:请在答题纸上答题,在试卷上答题不给分。

试卷和答题纸同时交回,否则成绩无效。

Translate the following three passages in Chinese. (75%)Passage IIn the distance we could see half a dozen cars filled with other visitors. They had gathered in the circle at the bottom of a stream. We bumped over the rocks toward them. There in the long grass about twelve feet away two other lionesses and eight cubs were playing. This is the kind of scene that has made Nairobi Park famous. It is hard to believe that one can get so close.Both mothers were lying on their backs with their paws in the air. The cubs were pretending to fight them. The younger ones were not very clever at this game. They came stalking through the long grass with great interest. Then, just as they were about to pounce(猛扑), something would catch their attention. It might be another cub stealing up behind, or just a butterfly passing by on the breeze. They would prance on their hind legs, making wild swipes (猛击) in the air or tumbling over each other. Their heads seemed at times just a bit too heavy for them to handle. Often their weak legs got hopelessly out of control.Passage IIBritain is also a member of the European Union and therefore subject to European Community law which is having and increasing impact on the British legal system. In the early days of the European Union, which it was known as the European Economic matters. European law was mainly concerned with economic matters. Many laws were aimed at breaking down the trade barriers between countries and ensuring fair competition. Nowadays the European Union is also increasingly involved in legislating on the rights of citizens. Some European laws are now directly effective which means they can be involved by citizens directly in British courts without Parliament needing to pass new legislation.In addition, Britain is in the process of incorporating the European Convention of Human Rights into domestic law which will enable people to take human rights cases through the courts in Britain, rather than through the much longer process of theEuropean Court of Human Rights.Passage IIIGreat nations of the world are moving toward democracy through the door to freedom. Men and women of the world move toward free markets through the door to prosperity. The people of the world agitate for free expression and free thought through the door to the moral and intellectual satisfaction that only liberty allows.We know what works: Freedom works. We know what's right: Freedom is right. We know how to secure a more just and prosperous life for man on Earth: through free market, free speech, free elections, and exercise of free will unhampered by the state.For the first time in this century, for the first time in perhaps all history, man does not have to invent a system by which to live. We don't have to talk late into the night about which form of government is better. We don't have to wrest justice from the kings. We only have to summon it from within ourselves.Chinese to English (共75分)Part I Sentence TranslationPut the following into English (各3分,共15分)1.战争是民族与民族、国家和国家、阶级和阶级、政治集团和政治集团之间相互斗争的最高形式。

2008考研英语阅读真题翻译

2008考研英语阅读真题翻译

2008 Text 1在现代生活中女性就算是在某些领域可以追赶上男性,但至少在一个方面是领先的,尽管是她们不太想要的。

纽约的退伍军管理医院精神科首席医生Yehuda博士说道,和男性相比,女性面对压力时,更容易受到影响,导致抑郁和紧张。

对于动物和人类的研究都显示出性激素会在某种程度去影响面对压力的反应,导致在同样的条件下,女性产生更多的致病化学物质。

在几项研究中,当受到压力的雌鼠的卵巢(雌性的生殖器官)被拿掉后,它们的化学反应变得和那些雄性的一样了。

对于女性来说,除了产生更多的导致压力的化学物质外,她们产生压力的“机会”也更多。

“并不是女性要处理的事情太少,而是她们有更多的事情要处理。

”Yehuda博士说道。

“她们对于压力的承受能力有时候甚至比男性的还大”,她观察到,“她们只是需要处理的事情太多,看起来会更容易精疲力尽。

”Yehuda博士注意到了另一个男女之间的不同点。

“我认为,女性通常要做的事是慢性的,重复的。

而男人去战场,承受的是格斗的压力。

男性面临的更多的是随意的身体上的暴力。

女性面对的人与人之间的暴力是在家庭环境中的。

不幸的是,她们与父母还有其他的家庭成员之间不是能够一次性解决的问题。

这种长期的关系的磨合是更有破坏性的。

Adeline Alvarez 18岁结婚并生了个儿子,但她决定完成大学学业。

“我尽了很大的努力拿到大学学位,因为我在实际生活中有很多的挫折,而这就是我的逃避,去学校,争取上游,做到更好。

”不久后,她离了婚变成一个单亲母亲。

“除了照顾一个十几岁的孩子,还要工作,付房租,养车,还债是最难的事情了。

我的生活就是不停的支付自己的账单。

”不是每个人经历着和Alvarez describes一样的长期的压力,但是大多数女性都在处理着太多的责任,很少得到喘息,从而感到了压力。

Alvarez的经历证明了当压力威胁你的健康和正常生理功能之前解压是非常重要的。

2008 Text 2原本一切都很简单。

2008年考研英语真题答案及解析

2008年考研英语真题答案及解析

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析这是一篇议论文。

文章主要介绍了个别民族群体智商高于人类平均水平。

文章首段第一句话点明了中心论点。

第二段则分析了产生这一现象的原因——进化的结果。

第三段通过“进化”的纽带把高智商与遗传疾病联系起来,说明高智商的人更容易患上一些遗传疾病。

二、试题具体解析1.[A]selected挑选,选拔[B]prepared准备,打算,愿意(做某事)[C]obliged迫使,责成[D]pleased高兴【答案】B【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】0.236【解析】该空的前后语境为“有些群体的人可能比其他群体更加聪明,这是人们一直不敢明说的假说之一。

但是,不管怎么样,Gregory Cochran说出来”。

显然,从语义上应该可以看出Gregory Cochran表述这一观点是一种主动行为,从而排除A和C;而从第一句可以看出他所研究的这一课题也不应该是一个让人高兴的主题,故排除D。

因此答案只有B。

2.[A]unique独一无二的[B]particular特殊的,独特的[C]special特殊的,特别的[D]rare罕见的,珍贵的【答案】D【考点】固定搭配【难度系数】0.160【解析】从文章内容看,显然该空填入的词应该是用来形容Cochran是一个什么样的人的。

从上文我们可以看到,他总是做一些常人不敢做的事情,显然这个词既要表现他这类人很少,同时要表达出作者对Cochran正面评价,突出其优秀性,四个词中只有D能表达这种语义,故答案为D。

本题从另一个角度来说,a rare bird是一固定搭配,指一类人。

其他三个词与bird搭配都不能指人,同样得出答案为D。

3.[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against【答案】A【考点】介词搭配【难度系数】0.106【解析】independently只能与选项A介词of搭配,意思是“不依赖于,独立于”。

2008年考研英语真题翻译

2008年考研英语真题翻译

2008 年考研英语‎真题翻译(划线部分)详解46.He belie‎v es that this very diffi‎c ulty‎may have had the compe‎n sati‎n g advan‎t age of forci‎n g him tothink‎long and inten‎t ly about‎every‎sente‎n ce, and thus enabl‎i ng him to detec‎t error‎s inreaso‎n ingand in his own obser‎v atio‎n s.【考核知识点‎】名词性从句‎和词语用法‎【结构分析】句子的主干‎结构是: He (主语) + belie‎v es (谓语) + that引‎导的宾语从‎句。

that 引导的宾语‎从句的结构‎是: this very diffi‎c ulty‎(主语) + may have had (谓语) +the...advan‎t ageof forci‎n g..., (宾语)。

and thus enabl‎i ng...与adva‎n tage‎of后面f‎o rcin‎g...是并列结构‎,共同修饰advan‎t age。

and thus enabl‎i ng和0‎3年61题‎考过的th‎u s subje‎c ting‎...这个结构几‎乎完全相同‎,可以使用“从而”、“因而”等词来处理‎。

inten‎t ly这个‎单词可以根‎据上下文t‎o think‎long 来猜测。

3637【翻译要点】this very diffi‎c ulty‎无法直接译‎出,必须要将形‎容词ver‎y转化成副‎词译出才通顺。

【参考译文】他认为或许‎正因为(语言表达上‎的)这种困难,他不得不对‎自己要说的‎每句话都经过长‎时间的认真‎思考,从而能发现‎自己在推理‎和观察中的‎错误,结果这反而‎成为他的优点。

名师解析2008年考研英语试题翻译真题

名师解析2008年考研英语试题翻译真题

名师解析2008年考研英语试题翻译真题In his autobiography,Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but 46 he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations, He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. 47 He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. 48 On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.This, he thought, could not be true, because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that "I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree."49 He adds humbly that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry; I have tried lately to read Shakspeare, and found it so intolerably dull that it nauseated me. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music. Music generally sets me thinking too energetically of what I have been at work on, instead of giving me pleasure. I retain some taste for fine scenery, but it does not cause me the exquisite delight which it formerly did." 50 Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.试题解析46 he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations,参考答案:他相信,或许这种困难也有其好处,正是这种困难促使他能够长时间专注地思考每一个句子;从而能够在推理和自己的观察中发现错误。

4. 2011年考研英语翻译 (1).

4. 2011年考研英语翻译 (1).

2011年考研英语翻译题原文,摘自《Fifty self-help classics》一书的CHAPTER 1 James AllenInspiration books to transform your life. 詹姆斯·爱伦被誉为“20世纪最伟大的心灵导师”。

CHAPTER 1 James AllenWith its theme that “mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, As a Man Thinketh is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.《思考的人》这部书深入探究了自助人生这一中心思想概述的主题是“思想是编织大师”,他造就了我们内在的性格个外在的环境。

我们每个人都认为:自己不是机器人,因此能够控制自己的思想;爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说,并揭示其错误的本质。

Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, 因为我们中的大部分相信意识是与物质分开的we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; 我们认为思想可以被隐藏和变得无力。

this allows us to think one way and act another.这就允许了我们想一出做一出However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind,然而,爱伦相信无意识的思想同有意识的思想发生的活动是相同多的。

总是面临一个问题:我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情,实现那个目标呢?In noting that desire and will are sabotaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen was led to the startling conclusion:针对我们的欲望和心愿不会被那些与我们的思想不一致的思想给破坏爱伦总结出了这个令人惊奇的结论。

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2008年真题参考译文达尔文在其自传中用极其谦逊的口气评价了自己的智力。

他指出,想要简洁明了地表达自己观点的时候,他总会遇到很大的困难。

46)他相信,正是这种困难或许能够扬长补短,以使他长时间专注地思考每一个句子;因此,使他能在推理和自己的观察中发现自己的缺点。

他认为自己完全不具备杰出的赫胥黎那样的反应速度和理解力。

47)他还断言,在深入理解冗长且完全抽象的一系列观点上,他的能力很有限。

鉴于此,他曾深信自己在数学方面本来就不该获得成功。

他还认为自己的记忆杂乱而模糊,从某一个方面来说,甚至是很糟糕,以至于他记住某个日子或者是一行诗歌的话,几天就能忘记。

48)另一方面,批评家指责他尽管善于观察,但却不能推理,对此,他并不接受且认为毫无依据。

他认为,这种批评是错误的,因为《物种起源》这本书从头到尾都是长篇大论,却说服了很多有才华的人。

他承认,如果不具备推理能力,没有人能够写出这样的书。

他愿意这样说自己:“我具有一定的发现能力和常识判断能力,正如每一个成功的律师和医生必须具备的一样;但是,我认为,我的水平不高。

”49)他谦虚地补充道,或许他“和普通人比起来,更能够注意到那些别人容易忽略的细节,更能够对此加以仔细观察”。

在生命最后一年的写作中,他表示,在过去的二三十年中,他的思想在两三个方面发生了变化。

到三十多岁的时候,诗歌带给他极大的快乐以前,绘画也能给他带来兴致,而音乐能给他无穷的乐趣。

然而,他在1881年说:“这几年来,读一行诗,我就受不了。

我也几乎快要丧失了自己对音乐和绘画的品味了。

”50)达尔文认为,失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣,不仅失去了幸福,而且还可能损伤智力,甚至更可能损伤道德。

2009年真题参考译文每个人在与别人共同生活中所受到的教育和有意识地对年轻人进行的教育,这两者有明显的区别。

就前者而言,教育是偶然的;这种教育是自然的、重要的,但它并不是人类联合的确切的原因。

46)可以说,要衡量任何社会制度的价值,就要看它对扩大和改进经验方面的影响,但是这种影响并不是其初始动机的一部分。

例如宗教的联合始于希望取得统治力量的恩赐和避开罪恶的影响;家庭生活始于希望满足各种欲望和使家庭永存;系统性的劳动,主要是为了奴役别人,等等。

47)这种制度附带产生的影响只能逐渐地得到认识;而在实行这种制度的过程中,认识到这种效果具有指导作用的过程则更加缓慢。

甚至在今天,在我们的工业社会中,除了某些勤奋和节俭的价值观念以外,世间工作得以进行的人类联合的各种形式的理智的和情感的反应,和物质产品比较起来,所受到的关注微乎其微。

但是对待年轻人,人类联合的事实本身,作为当前的人类事实,具有极其的重要性。

48)在我们和年轻人接触的时候,虽然容易忽略我们的行为对他们性格的影响,但这并不像与成年人打交道那么简单。

训练的需要太明显了,改变他们的态度和习惯的要求很急迫,以致不能对这些后果完全不加以考虑。

49)既然我们的主要任务在于使年轻人参与共同生活,我们不能不考虑我们是否正在形成一种力量,这种力量可以确保我们获得这种能力。

如果人类在认识各种制度的最终价值在于它对人生的特殊影响这一点上已经取得一定进展,我们可以深信,这个启示主要是通过和年轻人相处学到的。

50)因此,在上述(目前为止已经考虑到的)宽泛的教育过程中,可以使我们区别出一种更正规的教育,即直接教导或学校教育。

在不发达的社会群体中,很少有正规的教学和训练这些群体为把必需的性格灌输给年轻人,主要依靠使成年人忠于他们群体的相同的联合。

2010年真题参考译文完全以经济动机为依据的保护系统的根本弱点是生物群落的大多数成员都没有经济价值。

然而,这些动物都是生物群落的成员,如果它的稳定取决于其完整性的话,他们有权继续生存下去。

当其中一个非经济范畴受到威胁,如果我们碰巧喜欢它,我们就会编造借口赋予它经济意义。

在世纪初鸣禽原本应消失,46)科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾,大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话,害虫就会把我们吃掉。

必须有经济利益的证据才有合法性。

今天,读到这些转弯抹角的解释让人痛心。

我们仍然没有土地伦理,47)但是我们至少已经几乎承认鸟儿的生存是它们的固有权利,不管它对我们是否有经济利益。

类似的情况在哺乳类动物和食鱼鸟中也存在。

48)曾几何时,生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据:这些生物是为了维持食物链的正常运行去捕食弱小的生物或它们只是去捕食“没有价值的物种”。

有些品种的树木已经被有经济头脑的林务员清除出去了,因为它们发育过慢或价值太低,不能做木材树种。

49)在欧洲,其林业在生态上更加发达,公益林木被认为是原始森林群落的一部分,同样应该得到合理保护。

总之,仅仅以经济利益为基础的保护系统是完全片面的。

50)它容易忽视并最终消灭很多缺乏商业价值的物种,然而这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。

2011年考研英语真题英译汉翻译Part C Translation46.Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share---that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts---and reveal its erroneous nature。

【考查分析】本题考点:同位语从句,定语从句【答案解析】本句的主干是Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption and reveal its erroneous nature。

破折号后面的that引导同位语从句,对前面的assumption解释说明。

We all share是定语从句,修饰assumption。

【参考译文】我们每个人都认为:自己不是机器人,因此能够控制自己的思想;爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说,并揭示其错误的本质。

47.While we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”【考查分析】本题考点:状语从句【答案解析】本句结构特别清晰,主干是While we may be able to sustain …. ,we are faced with a question…。

while引导让步状语从句,后面“Why cannot I ma ke myself do this or achieve that?”是question 的具体内容。

本句采用顺译法。

【参考译文】我们或许只通过意识就能维持这种控制的幻觉,但事实上,我们却总是面临一个问题:我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情,实现那个目标呢?48.This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom。

【考查分析】本题考点:省略、介词短语、复杂表语【答案解析】本句的主体结构为:This seems a justification and a rationalization。

本句的难点在于运用很多介词短语作后置定语,介词短语套介词短语,使得宾语非常复杂。

“for neglect of those in need”修饰“justification”、“of exploration”、“of the superiority”“of the inferiority” 修饰rationalization。

而“of those at the top”和“of those at the bottom”又分别修饰superiority和inferiority。

【参考译文】这种说法似乎为忽视需要帮助的人找到了借口,使剥削合理化,令上层人优越,底层人卑微。

49.circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation。

【考查分析】本题考点:并列从句,定语从句。

【答案解析】本句主体结构是:circumstances seem to be designed to…., and if we feel that… then we are unlikely to… “环境好像是为…,而设计,如果我们感受到…,我们就不可能…”;“bring out” 是产生、使…显示出来;“wronged” 是“被冤枉,被委屈”的意思,“be (un)likely to do” (不) 可能做某事;【参考译文】环境似乎旨在激发我们的最大潜能,如果我们总感觉“上天不公”,那么不太可能会自觉地努力脱离现状。

50.The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.【考查分析】本题考点:主系表结构、分词短语的用法、连词where引导的状语从句。

【答案解析】本句主体结构为The upside is the possibilities,译为“正面意义在于可能性”。

Contained in knowing that everything is up to us,是过去分词结构作后置定语。

分号后面是一个有连词where引导的状语从句。

Where 在这里是“在某种情况下(in what situation, to what point)的意思。

【参考译文】积极的一面是,既然万事都取决于我们,那么就有无限可能。

以前,我们能够熟练应对种种局限;现在,我们把握着未来的可能。

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