高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes阅读理解全方位训练11
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解1
第Ⅰ组
A
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault （断层），which constantly
threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes.But how many
people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812，three major earthquakes
occurred，all centered around the town of New Madrid，Missouri，on the
Mississippi River.Property damage was severe.Buildings in the area were
almost destroyed.Whole forests fell at once，and huge cracks opened in
the ground，releasing some strong smell chemicals.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character，developing
sudden rapids and whirlpools（激流和漩涡）.Several times it changed its
course，and once，according to some observers，it actually appeared to
run backwards.Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes，probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811；but the
severity of the earthquakes was shown by the fact that the shock waves
rang bells in church towers in Charleston，South Carolina，on the
coast.Buildings shook in New York City，and clocks were stopped in
Washington，D.C. Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially
different.The San Andreas is a horizontal （水平的） boundary between
two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite
directions.California earthquakes result when the two masses make a
sudden move.
The New Madrid fault，on the other hand，is a vertical fault；at some
point，possibly hundreds of millions of years ago，rock was pushed up
toward the surface，probably by volcanoes under the surface.Suddenly，the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed，leaving huge cracks.Even
now，the rock continues to settle downwards，and sudden sinking motions
cause earthquakes in the region.The fault itself，a large crack in this
layer of rock，with dozens of other cracks that split off from it，extends
from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been
numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811；these smaller quakes
indicate that larger ones are probably coming，but the scientists say
they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.
1.This passage is mainly about .
A.the New Madrid fault B.the San Andreas
C.the causes of faults D.current scientific knowledge about
faults
2.Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?
3.This passage implies that .
A.horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults
B.vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C.a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened
today
D.the volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still alive
【语篇解读】本文通过历史回顾和科学分析，提醒人们多关注New Madrid地区频繁的地震。
1.A 主旨大意题。由本文第一段的最后一句话“But how many people know
about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri？”可知。
2.B 细节理解题。由本文第四段和第五段内容可以判断The San Andreas fault是水平地震，而The New Madrid fault是垂直地震，所以B项正确。
3.C 推理判断题。本文无A、B两项相关内容；根据第五段中第二句“Suddenly，the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed，leaving huge cracks.Even
now，the rock continues to settle downwards...”可以排除D项；根据第三段第三句“Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes，probably
simply because few people lived in the area in 1811...”可以推测答案为C。
B
A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2：46
p.m.local time on March 11th，2011.Japan’s Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later.The country
has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.
There are over 4，000 Seismic Intensity Meters （地震烈度测量仪） in place
throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity.These meters provide
information within two minutes of an earthquake rmation
about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within
three minutes.There are also concrete sea walls around much of the
Japanese coastline.But these measures proved no match for the powerful
earthquake and tsunami.
Castas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles.He says，“Japan is
one of those most well-prepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami
warning.They had a warning.I think what went wrong is that they had not
anticipated the size of this event.”
He says there are two reasons for this.Japan has not had any event
anywhere near as big as this one in the last 150 years.And scientists
had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of Japan.
The 9.0-magnitude earthquake was the 4th most powerful earthquake ever
recorded worldwide.It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan.The
tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as 13
meters in some areas.
Costas Synolakis says Japan’s concrete sea walls were not built to handle
高考英语一轮复习 Unit5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero阅读理解全方位训练3必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 5
Nelson Mandela--a modern hero 阅读理解3
第Ⅲ组
A
An experiment
Materials:Newspaper,‘ACE’ hardware ruler,a flat table.
Purposes:We’ll show that there is air pressure pushing on us,from every direction
while we’re on this earth.
Procedure:
First put a thin ruler on a flat table with a little less than half of it hanging
off the edge of the table（see the drawing on the right).Next place a sheet of
newspaper over the ruler flat against the table.Make sure to have as little air as
possible under the paper so that the fold line of the newspaper is at the ruler.Then
quickly strike the end of the ruler hanging off the edge of the table.If you strike
it quick enough,the ruler will break near the table edge.
What’s going on?
The earth is covered in a layer of air that is nearly 80 miles thick and at sea level
高考英语一轮复习 unit1 friendship阅读理解全方位训练3 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 1
Friendship阅读理解3
第Ⅲ组
A
People all need friends because nobody wants to be lonely and a friend can help you
in good and bad times.You’ve made friends since childhood，but you still don’t
know who your true friends are.Here are some signs to tell you if your friend is
a true friend：
Always honest
Honesty is important to keep a relationship alive.A true friend always tells you
the truth.It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy a friendship.It is important
that your friend speaks honestly and never makes up stories.
There are always periods in your life when you have problems or difficulties.A true
friend will always have time to listen to your problems and give advice.It may not
be able to offer a solution to your problems but the fact that your friend made time
to listen is a sign he/she cares for you.Your friend is not a true friend if he/she
高考英语一轮复习 unit4 earthquakes阅读表达全方位训练2 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4
Earthquakes阅读表达2
阅读下面短文并回答问题(请注意题后的词数要求)。
Passage 1
[1] People are making more and more demands on the world’s natural resources.If
babies born in 1991 live for eighty years，the human population of the world may
be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070.In other words，they will have to share what is left of the earth’s resources with 15 billion other
people.But hopefully there will be an important decrease in the growth of
population.What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time before the
babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many
as 10 billion other people.
[2]Limiting the pollution of water and atmosphere，controlling the output of the
chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change，and eating less
高考英语一轮复习 unit1 friendship阅读理解全方位训练1 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 1
Friendship阅读理解1
第Ⅰ组
A
When asked to point out one or two things that are most important to themselves,many
put friends ahead of homes,jobs,clothes and cars.
A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines (确定) who
we are and keeps us connected.It is a treasure we should protect.Unfortunately,the
better friends you are,the more probably you’ll have disagreements.And the result
can be what you don’t want—an end to the relationship.
The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended.First,don’t let your
pride get in your way.Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought
out in the open.Second,apologize when you’re wrong—even if you’ve been
wronged.Over the course of a friendship,even the best people make
mistakes.Sometimes,it may be best if the wronged
高考英语一轮复习 unit2 english around the world阅读理解全方位训练5 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 2
English around the World阅读理解5
第Ⅴ组
A
“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.When my
friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile,I know she sincerely cares about
what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and
wishes me well.
“Have a nice day.Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl
at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out of the door.The words come
out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure.They are spoken at me,not to me.
Obviously,the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt
to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each
other.Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.As soon as you hear it, you know
高考英语一轮复习 unit2 english around the world阅读理解全方位训练4 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 2
English around the World阅读理解4
第Ⅳ组
A
English Teaching in the U.S.A.
The United States of America is mainly an English-speaking country.The majority of
the population speak English as their native language.Business，education，social
activities，etc.are conducted in English.Across the country，people pronounce many
English words in several different ways，but for the most part，Americans speak one
common language.This language is sometimes called American English.
However，not everyone in the U.S.A.is a native speaker of English.Most immigrants
are speakers of other languages.There are hundreds of communities around the
U.S.A.where English is not the most commonly used language.Chinese，Italian，German，Greek，Spanish，and French are all spoken in various communities in the U.S.Spanish
高考英语一轮复习 unit2 english around the world阅读理解全方位训练1 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 2
English around the World阅读理解1
第Ⅰ组
A
It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.Such a
fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson’s famous comment that “When
two English meet，their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation
is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago，most commentators fail to
come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.
Bill Bryson，for example，concludes that,as the English weather is not at all
exciting,the obsession with it can hardly be understood.He argues that “To an
outsider,the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very
much of it.” Simply，the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is
almost unknown in the British Isles.
高考英语一轮复习 unit4 earthquakes句式与语法全方位训练2 新人教版必修1
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4
Earthquakes句式与语法2
1.those who... 凡是……的人
【常考用法】
those who相当于people who，意为“凡是……的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，不能省略，且谓语动词用复数，不能用that替换who。
【链接】
anybody/anyone who相当于whoever，意为“凡是……的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Those who break the law will be punished.
=Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
=Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
违法的人将会受到惩罚。
【十年高考链接】
（2006·北京高考）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have
a greater chance of having heart disease than those don’t.
A.who；/ B.who；/ C.who；who D./；/
答案：C 句意：那些每天喝两杯多咖啡的女人比不喝的人更有可能患心脏病。分别用who引导定语从句，修饰women和those，who在从句中作主语，不能省略。
2....was doing...when... ……正在做……这时（突然）……
【常考用法】
句子when用作并列连词，意为“这时”，不能换用while。
【句式链接】
was/were about to do...when...刚要做……这时（突然）……
was/were on the point of doing...when...刚要做……这时（突然）……
高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Earthquakes阅读理解全方位训练11
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解1
第Ⅰ组
A
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault （断层），which constantly
threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes.But how many
people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812，three major earthquakes
occurred，all centered around the town of New Madrid，Missouri，on the
Mississippi River.Property damage was severe.Buildings in the area were
almost destroyed.Whole forests fell at once，and huge cracks opened in
the ground，releasing some strong smell chemicals.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character，developing
sudden rapids and whirlpools（激流和漩涡）.Several times it changed its
course，and once，according to some observers，it actually appeared to
run backwards.Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes，probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811；but the
2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版必修第一册高考题型组合练必修第一册 Unit 4 Nat
2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版必修第一册高考题型组合练必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
As a shift in the polar vortex(极地涡旋) swept across much of the US，many people in the
country were hit with a sudden snap of cold.Heavy ice and snow coupled with fallen trees caused
the outages in major cities，with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be
restored.
Polar vortices were noticed long ago.But the first known use of the term “polar vortex” was
in a magazine in 1853.Polar vortices are present year-round，but we don’t hear about them until
they cause problems.They maintain freezing temperatures at the North and South Poles by moving
in tight counterclockwise patterns.Polar vortices grow stronger in winter and weaken in
summer.They are kept in place at the poles by another atmospheric current called the jet