大学一年级新编英语教程unit7
新英语教程第一册 unit 7
4.Do you have any idea about how American students pay for their college education?
Part A: Out of college and into the red
Back
7
New English Course (Book One)
Part A: Out of college and into the red
7
New English Course (Book One)
7
New English Course (Book One)
Part A: Out of college and into the red
7
New English Course (Book One)
The debt has affected Mr. White in several ways. During summer vacations, he found a short-time job to earn some money. After graduation, he went to work full time as a writer, postponing graduate studies until he could pay back some of his loans. “I am also considering giving up my original goal of becoming a newspaper reporter,” he said. “With my debts, maybe I should look for a better-paying field.”
大学英语综合教程1Unit7WhatAnimalsReallyThink
大学英语-综合教程1-Unit-7-What-Animals-Reall y-ThinkUnit 6 What Animals Really Think1. controversy: [U] [C] + over / about / oneg. There was a heated ~ over the building of the bridge.I was engaged in a ~ with / against her on the issue.contradiction: 矛盾 A is in contradiction with B.contradictory (adj.) A and B are contradictory.2. consciousness [U] 知觉，意识※conscious: adj. = awareeg. He is conscious of his mother’s anger.※conscience: [U] [C] 良心eg. have a clear ~ / have a guilty ~※conscientious: adj.eg. a conscientious worker3.explore①examine thoroughly, learn abouteg. to ~ the possibility of crossing the river.②travel over an area for the purpose of discoveryeg. to explore space / to explore a place on foot4.encounter (fml): come across, meet…unexpectedlyeg. We encountered a girl selling sea shells on the sea shore.※encounter: n. 遭遇eg. the ~ with enemiesConfront be confronted with…遭遇5. convince: make sb feel sure by the use of argument or evidence~ sb of sth / ~ sb that…使人相信→be convinced of / be convinced that…确信※convincing: adj. a ~ speech※convinced: adj. 有坚定立场的※convincible: adj. 可被说服的“The stories they tell us reveal whatanimal intelligence”1.2. We’6.make / do a deal (with sb.)deal: v.经营，买卖--- He runs a shop that deals in sea food.n.（colloq.）交易，成交---It’s a deal.dealer: trader, merchant7.only to (do sth.): do sth with a surprising, disappointing resulteg. He worked out a plan with great efforts, only to be ridiculed by the others.8.negotiate: ~ with sb / ~ to do… / ~ for…eg. The two companies both believe that they need to ~ to share the market.The workers will ~ for a pay increase of 4%.9.. relieve: (vt.) free sb from pain, anxiety, etc., ease sb's paineg. Drugs can relieve much of the pain.relieve sb. of stheg. A part-time job can relieve you of the financial burden.10. “careful bargainer that she was…”▲as, that, though引导的原因状语或让步状语从句eg.①Intelligent as / though he is, Tim is quite modest.②Hard as he tried, he couldn’t learn French well.③Child that he is, he can ride a horse.11. undertake: carry out, take upon oneself (a task)To ~ responsibility / a taskTo ~ the role of Juliet.12. expand: 数目，尺寸，量上的增长，金属的膨胀，领土的扩张extend: 比喻意义上的延长，扩展，“时、空”之延长/拓展The extended meaningExtend my stay in ShanghaiExtend one’s vision13. switch ( to sth…) 转换变成eg. He used to play tennis, but now he has switched to golf.Switch sth. on / off 接通、切断→switch n. 开关，闸14. in sb’s interest(s): in sb’s favour, to sb’s advantageeg.It will be in your interests to undertake this task.to work in the interests of humanity.15. go far: help very much, achieve much successeg. Mike is diligent and intelligent. He will go far.This is a new problem. I don’t think the old method will go far.16. judgment①opinion about stheg.—What has caused his failure in the examination, in your ~?—My ~ is that he has made a wrong ~ of his own ability?②the ability to form valuable opinions and make good decisionseg. He is promoted because of his excellent judgment.17. emergencyeg.※to make an ~ landing 紧急降落※In an ~, call 110.※The ~ services are the fire brigade, the police, and the ambulance service.18. halt①vi. / vt. Stop②vi. hesitate→to halt between two opinions③n. stop →come to a halt④halter: 缰绳19. release: (vt.) release sb. / sth. from…to ~ a bird from the cageto ~ his hold of the ropeto ~ a new film20. evidence①[U] ~ for …/ ~ of… / ~ that- / ~ to do…②pl.evidences 迹象，痕迹21. deceive: ~ sb. / ~ sb. into doing …The cheat deceived the old lady into buying the dyed little dog.22. inaccessible: beyond reach, unreachable, unavailable→accessiblea painting not accessible to the public→access: n. 通路an access to the castle23. give in ( to sb. / sth. ) = yield to sb. / sth.= surrender to…= submit to…= be subjected to…eg. Never give in to temptation!The parents gave in to the boy’s tears and bought him a computer.24. wipe out: get rid of, destroyeg. The village was wiped out in the flood.25. horizon: 海平线，水平线眼界，见识limit of one’s knowledge or experience horizontal line→vertical line。
新编大学英语(第四版)视听说教程1习题答案Unit 7
Unit 7 Have a nice day!Warming upReference answersStep 11. She is upset.2. She is angry.3. She is happy.4. She feels she could do nothing about it.5. She is surprised.Step 2•When you don’t want to talk about some issues and want to hide your true feelings, your facial expression will be inconsistent with your emotions. For instance, you have failed an important examination, and you are not happy about it but you don’t want your parents to find out about your true feelings. You will try to show your forced light-heartedness in front of them, while in fact you are deeply sorry for not passing the examination.•When you are lying, your facial expression will be inconsistent with how you actually feel. Of course, people lie for different reasons. Some people lie to protect others while some others lie for their own benefits. For example, some people may have a serious illness and they don’t want their families to worry about it. So they will tell them that they are fine. At that time, their facial expressions will surely be inconsistent with how they feel. For another example, a small number of students spend a lot of school time playing computer games instead of studying. Sometimes they hand in assignments which are not finished by themselves. One of my roommates once used an English movie review he found from the Internet and handed it in as his own work. When our teacher asked him if it was his own work, he said “Yes.” But I could see his face twisted a little bit.Step 3Besides facial expressions, there are a lot of other kinds of body language that can reveal one’s true feelings. For example, eye contact. When someone is lying to you, he is unlikely to look into your eyes. Also, hand gesture. When someone is desperate to tell others what they are worried about, they will use a lot of hand gestures to show anxiety and help others to understand better. What’s more, when some people get angry, their hands will be clenched into fists. Even if they can still speak in a calm voice, one can see from their hands that they are experiencing strong emotions. What’s more, s ometimes your voice will reveal your feelings. For example, when you are talking to someone you love, you voice is usually soft and tender. But if you are speaking to someone you are angry with, your voice will turn cool and sharp.Listening and speakingNews reportScriptsThe New York Times just announced that it had been using machine learning and surveys to predict the different emotions felt by readers of various stories.The newspaper has been collecting this information for a year, and has created a list of 30 commonly experienced emotions – 18 of which are available for sale to advertisers, as reported this week.The New York Times is not the only one. Other media companies like ESPN and USA TODAY have also rolled out ad products that are said to be able to match ads to people in certain moods.USA TODAY NETWORK in 2016 started categorizing its content by topic and tone, and scoring it on the basis of the emotions it’s believed to most evoke. Last year, it started to sell advertising based on that knowledge with a product called Lens Targeting. An ad campaign for a non-profit that was targeted at people reading inspirational stories resulted in a 25 percent higher donation rate than ads that weren’t targeted, said Kelly Andresen, SVP and head of GET Creative, USA TODAY NETWORK’s conte nt studio.Questions:1. How does The New York Times predict readers’ emotions?2. How many emotions does The New York Times list?3. What have ESPN and USA TODAY said about their ad products?4. What do we learn about the ad campaign for a non-profit with specific target readers?Reference answersListening and understanding1. A2. C3. D4. BThinking and speakingPros and cons of targeted adsI think it is advisable for newspapers to target their ads toward a certain group of readers. New products are coming out every day, and it is impossible for people to know everything in a timely manner. If readers find something they need from the newspaper advertisements, they can purchase them for their own sake. It is a win-win situation. Sometimes there are certain scenes in advertisements that will make readers recall certain memorable experiences in the past, such as a candy bar, a nice bowl of soup, or a trip to the seaside. If readers’ hearts are somehow touched, it is very likely for them to purchase what is advertised.The downside of the targeted ads is that people may sometimes regret what they have bought. They may act on impulse to purchase certain goods because the ads touch certain part deepdown in their hearts. Once the readers realize that the newspaper ads are taking advantage of them, they may have a negative attitude toward the newspaper or the advertisements. Perhaps they would even stop reading the newspaper altogether.Using news reports to evoke certain emotions, yes or no?Sample 1I think it is advisable for newspapers to publish stories that are likely to evoke readers’ feelings and spread the virtue of honesty, kindness, beauty, etc. For instance, if there is a news report about a natural disaster that happened in one area, readers’ sympathy will be aroused and they will be concerned about the safety of the people in that area. They would like to know whether people there have enough food, shelter, or medical care. Many of the readers would even donate food or money for the relief effort. This, in turn, will be reported in the newspaper and other people will read about their stories and see the kindness and passion of human beings.Sample 2I don’t think news reports should evoke certain emotions among readers. As is known to all, news reports should follow the principle of reporting the truth, and the truth only. They should be the true, objective and unbiased reports of what have happened or what are happening. Readers can form their own judgments after reading the reports. Their opinions should not be influenced by the reports. If news reports try to evoke certain emotions of readers’, they are in fact biased and meant to influence the readers’ judgment.ConversationScriptsM: What have you read recently?W:I have just finished reading a book about anxiety. Did you know that some unpleasant emotions like anxiety are actually very helpful for humans to evolve?M: Really? How could that be？W: For example, if our ancestors encountered a lion, their fear sharpened their senses, quickened their thinking, and instantly prepared them to deal with the danger. Those who were able to do this better clearly had an advantage in survival.M: But anxiety is different from fear. Fear is a response to an immediate threat; anxiety is where there’s a possibility of a danger.W: That’s true. But the power of anxiety is equally important. Worrying about potential danger forces people to take fewer risks and seek safety. This could potentially help the basic evolutionary tasks.M: I see. But in today’s world, the possibilities are changing rapidly. If we cannot handle our anxiety properly, it may cause problems not only for individuals, but also for the whole society.W: Exactly! Like some people will panic buy due to the anxiety that there will be a forthcoming shortage or price rise, or something bad may happen.M: So how could we better handle our anxiety?W:According to the book I read, the most useful strategy is to shift your focus from thelong-term problem to a daily routine that will solve or prevent that problem. For example, instead of worrying about not passing the exam, focus on how much time you spend studying today.Questions:1. According to the woman, why are some unpleasant emotions important for humans?2. What is the difference between fear and anxiety, according to the man?3. How is the world today different from the world our ancestors lived in, according to the man?4. What does the woman say is the best way to handle anxiety?Reference answersListening and understanding11. C2. D3. B4. D21. T2. F3. T4. F5. TThinking and speakingProblems caused by anxietyEating too much is another problem caused by anxiety. In fact, quite a lot of people have this problem. When they are under a lot of pressure, they eat without control. They will gain weight rapidly, leading to a series of diseases like diabetes, heart attack and high blood pressure.Insomnia, the inability to fall asleep, is also a problem caused by anxiety. People have trouble falling asleep when they are too worried about something. Then they can’t concentrate on their work or study during the daytime. Some of them may lose weight or even hair.Now many people are excessively worried about their appearance. They are constantly looking up to some celebrities and comparing themselves with their idols. Since they think that they are not as pretty or not as slim as their idols, they become anxious. They may resort to some extreme methods such as plastic surgery or unhealthy diet. This also leads to an unhealthy social trend that will make people so concerned with their appearance that they lose themselves. They become less and less confident in themselves and get disoriented. They will stay in a vicious cycle in pursuit of perfection of their appearance.Dealing with your anxietyStep 1Scores between 18 and 24 suggest a mild to moderate stage of anxiety.Scores between 25 and 30 are indicative of a moderate to severe stage of anxiety.Scores above 30 indicate a very severe stage of anxiety.Step 2I sometimes suffer from anxieties, especially before the deadline of an assignment or before examinations. I do not feel like eating and I am too tired to sleep. Luckily I have some good friends who would work together with me for assignments or exams. This lessens my anxiety greatly. We try to break down the overall goal into smaller steps and we try to finish one step at a time. We will feel great for each step we finish and before we know it, we have achieved the whole target. By doing this I can always finish those assignments ahead of time and get good grades for the exams.Passage 1ScriptsPsychology once assumed that most human emotions fall within the universal six categories of happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust. But a new study suggests that there are at least 27 different emotions and they are closely connected with each other.Psychologists at UC Berkeley showed 2,185 video clips to 800 men and women. These clips included births and babies, proposals and weddings, death and suffering, natural disasters, spiders and snakes, awkward handshakes, etc.Using new statistical models to analyze the responses, psychologists created a multidimensional, interactive map to show how feelings like envy, joy, pride, and sadness relate to each other. They found that 27 different dimensions, not six, were necessary to account for the way hundreds of people reported feeling in response to each video clip.Moreover, in contrast to the common belief that each emotional state is an island, the study found that there is a smooth transition between emotions like horror and sadness, and amusement and adoration. Emotional experiences are so much richer and more subtle than previously thought.Psychologists hope their findings will help other scientists and engineers more precisely get the emotional states behind moods, brain activity, and expressive signals. All these could then lead to improved psychiatric treatments, a better understanding of the brain basis of emotion, and technology more responsive to emotional needs.Questions:1.How many kinds of emotions were once thought to exist?2.Which of the following is a new finding about emotions?3.How many subjects were shown the video clips?4.What have psychologists learned about emotions?Reference answersListening and understanding11. A2. A3. D4. A21) 2,185 2) births 3) disasters 4) snakes 5) handshakes6) Twenty-seven 7) smooth 8) states 9) treatments 10) needsThinking and speakingEmotional quotient (EQ)Step 1Self-awarenessSelf-regulationSelf-motivationEmpathySocial skillsStep 2•At work, it is important to be aware of who you are working with, how they work and feel, and how they are cooperating with you in a team. In this modern society, no one can work alone by themselves, which makes teamwork critical. As a result, workmates need to understand each other better.•Self-management is vital for a college student. Back in high school, my teachers always arranged our schedule. What I needed to do was just sticking to the schedule made by the teachers. Now at college, I need to manage life and study all by myself. Since there’s no one to arrange my schedule anymore, good self-management will help me live a rich and colorful life without neglecting my studies.Passage 2ScriptsLife is an emotional experience. The emotions you experience every day ultimately determine the quality of your life. However, one key problem with most people is that they’re not able to understand what they feel. We usually understand messages behind our pleasant emotions better, but we’re not well aware of the messages behind our unpleasant emotions. Actually even negative emotions contain positive messages or instructions that can help us grow into better human beings.Let’s look at “hurt” for example. None of us escapes feeling hurt, and we may communicate this feeling through various more noticeable emotions like sadness or anger. What is the message behind this? Usually these painful feelings arise because you think you are badly treated or ignored by people you care about. They’re insensitive to your needs, and don’t meet yourexpectations.The solution is better communication. Usually people don’t mean to hurt you; they’re just ignorant about the impact of their words and deeds. So tell them your feelings in an open and honest way. Also, communicate your values to others, especially your dear ones. Let them know what’s important to you and what your expectations of others are, so that they can understand your needs better.Once we are familiar with the hidden messages in emotions, our emotions can become our ally, even the unpleasant ones.Reference answersListening and understanding11, 3, 521)treated 2) insensitive 3) expectations4) honest 5) Communicate 6) importantThinking and speakingDealing with hurtStep 1Last Saturday, my roommate Tom took me to a gathering. However, when we got there, I found everyone was interested in computer games and all of them were talking enthusiastically about games. I don’t play games so when they asked me to join them, I said “no.” Then they simply ignored me and never talked to me again. I was hurt and rushed out of the door right away.Step 2Yes, I would. If I were given another chance, I would take this as an opportunity to learn about games. I would take the initiative to speak to his friends and listen carefully to what they were talking about. I would try to understand their love for games first and then I might try to introduce more topics in our communication and raise their awareness that I wanted to talk about something else, too.Don’t make our friends an emotional garbage canThe best way to avoid making our friends an emotional garbage can is to learn to be responsible for our own feelings and emotions. When we are experiencing negative feelings and emotions, take a moment to think about the causes of these feelings and emotions.Find the people who make you experience an undesirable feeling or emotion and talk with them. When you are talking with them, avoid strong language and try to stay calm. You might end up with a happy day. If it is schoolwork that causes you to feel stressed, try to break it down into several tasks and tackle one task at a time. When you really need a friend’s help, don’t talk about your problem all the time. Listen to your friend’s constructiveadvice and use it to overcome your problem. Next time you have the same problem, think about how you overcame it last time and perhaps you can cope with it easily. I think one way to avoid making our friends an emotional garbage can is being attentive to their emotions as well. After we talk about our own problems, ask them whether they have any negative feelings. Listen to them carefully and offer suggestions when necessary.I have a good idea. After we talk about unpleasant things, we can do some pleasant thingstogether. For example, we can watch a good movie, go to an amusement park, or visit a zoo.We can also have a nice meal, shop for some clothes or have a haircut. These things can always cheer us up and drive the negative feelings away.Viewing and speakingScriptsParticipant 1: What is going on? This is so weird!Pamela: How was that?Participant 2: It was so fun!Pamela: Yeah?Participant 2: Yeah.Julian: Art, the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination. That is how it is defined in the dictionary of my MacBook. You probably heard the termart therapy thrown around before, but today we’re honing in on a new type ofart therapy, designed exclusively to focus on positive emotions, personal control,and a sense of meaning. Can flexing your artistic muscles really make you happier?Let’s find out!Once again we brought in a selection of subjects. Now first we gave them a testto measure their current level of happiness. Next we asked them to write out alist of things in their life that made them feel happy or supported. Then we hadthem assign a color to themselves and each of the things on their list. It felt likethe right time to rope them into doing something creative, so we traced a life-sizeoutline of their body, and told them to fill it in with the different colorsdepending on where (it) resonated for them. We told them to put a circle in thecenter that represented th emselves. Now they hadn’t realized it, but we putthem in a reflective state of mind and in order to complete the exercise, they hadto really focus on how each person or thing contributed to their life.Pamela: So, what was that like for you?Participant 3: Oh I loved it! I love art and I love to paint. I used to paint when I was a little girl with my grandma.Pamela:I noticed the first thing you put in there was the purple to represent … Is that mom?Participant 4: My mom, yeah, she’s like on the should er kind of area I guess? My mom actually, I remember when she used to rub my shoulders whenever I would be sick as a kid.Pamela: Out of all of these things, what are you most passionate about?Participant 5:Um … well of course my family. I have seven children and they’re spread all over.There’re three in California. And I rarely get to see them. So I have to say that myfamily is my passion.Participant 6: So when you look at me, you just see, wow, that man is very emotional and very passion (passionate) about a plethora of different things.Participant 2: I see a clear paint representation of my personality.Participant 1: The one right in the middle, um … is my mom. What is going on? This is so weird!Yeah, cuz I think, just looking at this, you know she really is like my core. She is …She’s like the foundation upon which everything else has kind of … been builtupon, so she’s been the example (and) through that (she) kind of guides me toeven be able to assess where everything lies. So … my mom, yeah.Julian: So, what do (did) we find out? Well, we saw an average increase in happiness: 8.1 percent, with the highest jump being 36.7 percent. What does this mean? Well,Picasso once said, “Art washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life” and Iam starting to think that dude was onto something. When you engage yourselfartistically and use your imagination, you can help regulate your blood pressureand your heart rate. Now I know what you’re thinking: I’m not an artist. Well don’tworry, you don’t need to know a thing about art to do this. I’m not an artist myselfand I did the experiment.Reference answersViewing and understanding11) happier 2) current level 3) happy or supported 4) a color5) different colors 6) increase 7) imagination 8) heart rate2Participant 1: CParticipant 2: BParticipant 3: AParticipant 4: FParticipant 5: DParticipant 6: EThinking and speakingDo the experiment yourself!The answers may vary.Ways to achieve happinessStep 1I had one experience of dancing out of my sadness. During my first year at college, myformer boyfriend broke up with me. I was crying my heart out. Then a close friend of mine took me to a dancing party. Everyone was dancing happily there. At first I did not have much enthusiasm for dancing, but as I tried, I gradually forgot what was bothering me. It wasgreat.•I had worked very hard before the college entrance examination because I wanted to go to Tsinghua or Peking University. However, when I got the grades, I found I could only go to a local college. I was very sad. I did not want to eat or sleep. To help me recover, my parents advised me to do something for distraction. Then I started to draw and bit by bit, my sadness seemed to fade. It dawned on me that not being able to go to a top university was not so devastating.Step 2•There are a lot of ways in which people can find happiness. One way is to travel. Travel enables us to see new places of interest, meet new people, and try new food. When we are busy trying out new things, we are likely to forget our own unhappiness. This is especially true if we go to the seaside or high mountains, where we feel tiny and all our unhappiness seems to be absorbed by the vastness of nature.•Reading is one way that can make people find happiness. Books are the collection of human wisdom and they can answer any questions we might have. There is always a book for us.Whenever I am unhappy, I will pick up a book by my favorite writer and start to read. Books can successfully distract one from their negative feelings and take them into a whole new world.Pronunciation1. Art, / the expression or application / of human creative skill and imagination.2. That / is how it is defined / in the dictionary / of my MacBook.3. Today / we’re honing in /on a new type of art therapy / designed / exclusively to focus on positive emotions, / personal control, / and a sense of meaning.4. Then we had them assign a color to themselves / and each of the things on their list.5. Now / they hadn't realized it, / but we put them in a reflective state of mind / and in order to complete the exercise, / they had to really focus / on how each person or thing contributed to their life.6. When you / engage yourself artistically / and use your imagination, / you can help regulate your blood pressure / and your heart rate.Unit projectReference answersStep 2•too much involvement in student clubs or associations•procrastination•staying up too late•...Step 3•setting a regular meal time and going to the student canteen for meals;•going to bed before 11 p.m. and getting up before 7 in the morning;•setting aside at least half an hour for physical exercises every day;•seeking professional help from consultants;•choosing an appropriate number of courses to take next semester;•selecting only one or two student clubs for extracurricular activities;•finishing assignments ahead of the deadlines;•working together with the best classmates•…Step 4B: Good afternoon. What can I do for you?A: Good afternoon. I need your help. Lately I have been under a lot of stress. I don’t want to eat or sleep.B: Is there anything that particularly bothers you?A: The finals are coming. When I was in high school, I was always the best student. But now, there are so many excellent students, and I’m afraid that I will become a nobody.B: I get it. So it is important for you to be the best student and high scores are everything.A: Of course. How can I prove myself otherwise?B: It is certainly a good thing that you want to be the best student. But how do you define “a good student”? Just high scores?A: Well, a good student should have self-discipline, an inquisitive and truth-seeking mind, and a never-stop-learning attitude.B: So, in other words, scores alone cannot determine anything, as long as you have the qualities you just mentioned. Perhaps you can tell me what can help you ease the stress first? Have you seen what good students are doing?A: Hm … when they are not sleeping, they are studying, either in classrooms or in the library.B: Very good, concentrate on your study. So my advice is: Pick up your books and fully review what you have learned this semester. What’s more, take some physical exercises and talk to your friends or parents for a few minutes every day; and add more fresh fruits and vegetables to your diet. All these will help cheer you up, and you will become a good student sooner or later.A: Thank you very much.Further listeningNews reportScriptsA note written by Albert Einstein which contains advice on happy living has sold for $1.56 million in an auction.The German-born physicist had won the Nobel and was in Japan on a lecture tour. When a messenger came to his hotel room in Tokyo, he didn’t have a tip available. So he gave the messenger two notes, saying if he was lucky, they could become more valuable in the future. One of the notes was written on the official paper of the hotel. This is what Einstein wrote on the paper: “A calm and modest life brings more happiness than the pursuit of success combined with constant restlessness.”The note was expected to sell for between $5,000 and $8,000. Instead, a bidding war lasted about 25 minutes, and ended in a sale of $1.56 million.A second note written at the same time simply reads: “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” It sold for $240,000.The winning bids for both notes were far higher than the pre-auction estimated prices, the auctioneers said.Questions:1. Why did Albert Einstein write two notes for the messenger?2. Where did Albert Einstein write one of the notes?3. What do we learn about the notes?Reference answers1. D2. B3. DConversationScriptsW: It seems to me people like listening to sad music when they are depressed.M: According to a study published a few years ago, people diagnosed with depression are notably more inclined than healthy controls to choose to listen to sad music.W: Why does that happen?M: Some people say that depressed people deliberately act in ways that are likely to maintain their low moods. However, a new study has presented evidence suggesting depressed people are not seeking to maintain their negative feelings, but rather that they find sad musiccalming and even uplifting.W: Sounds interesting.M: Right. The research involved 38 female undergrads diagnosed with depression and 38 non-depressed female undergrad controls. The participants listened to 30-second pieces of sad, happy, and neutral music, and stated which they would prefer to listen to again in the future. The depressed participants were more likely to choose the sad music clips.W: So the conclusion is the same as the previous research.M: Yeah, and the research team also asked their participants why they made the choices they did, and the majority of the participants with depression who favored sad music said that they did so because it was relaxing and calming.。
全新版大学英语第一册课件Unit7
signal: send (sth. such as a warning or a message) by a light or an act ---The student raised his hand, signaling to the teacher that he had finished his paper. ---She signaled a passing taxi and asked him to take her to the railway station.
out of the way: at a distance from the usual route; in a state or condition so as not to hinder (used after a verb) ---Step out of the way and let me handle the stone. ---The house is well out of the way on the back road.
grab: seize suddenly; take roughly and quickly ---A mugger grabbed my handbag as I was walking across the park. ---The man grabbed the boy’s arm to stop him from running into the road.
draw one’s attention to: make sb. aware of and be concerned about sth. ---The article was intended to draw the public’s attention to environmental protection. ---My teacher drew my attention to an error in the term paper.
新编英语教程(李观仪)Unit 7 练习答案.doc
Unit 7 Letter to a B StudentI1. essence: inner nature; indispensable quality; the most important part 本质，实质，精髓2. deadly sins: sins leading to damnation (In Christianity the phrase specifically refers to “theseven sins”: pride, covetousness, lust, anger, gluttony, envy, and sloth )3. misleading: making you think or act wrongly 误导，误入歧途4. conventional task: task traditionally required of students 传统任务5. in short supply: far from enough 供给不足，缺乏II1.define2.irrelevant3.correspond to4.flunked5.rather6.makes a point of7.apt to8.go roundIII Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. His vision was nearly restored to normal after the removal (remove) of the tumor in his brain.2. The major issue of the conference was how to cope with the severe consequences resulting from the climatic (climate) changes on our planet.3. This company is in trouble and the latest plan for its salvation (salvage) has few supporters.4. It is said in the job ad that those who apply for the vacancy should have proficiency (proficient) in at least two languages.5. Don’t rely on the information she gave you — it’s pure assumption (assume) on her part.6. The age of college students normally (norm) ranges from 18 to 22.7. The government’s inaction to curb inflation and unemployment caused strong resentment (resent) among the public.8. The Sichuan earthquake turned out to be the most disastrous (disaster) one the country has witnessed in the past one hundred years.IVB DC C BD B DV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. The essence of success is that there’s never enough of it to go round in a zero-sum game where one person’s winning must be offset by another’s losing …Synonym: balanced, compensated2. The level of your proficiency has been determined by your performance of rather conventional tasks …Antonym: unconventional3. But they are important: crucially so, because they are always in short supply.Antonym: abundant, plentiful4. If you value these characteristics in yourself, you will be valued — and far more so than those whose identities are measured only by little marks on a piece of paper.Synonym: evaluated, assessed5. There were a lot of us then: older than the norm, in a hurry to get our degrees and move on …Synonym: average6. It is important to recognize that human beings, despite differences in class and educational labeling, are fundamentally hewn from the same material and knit together by common bonds of fear and joy …Synonym: essentially, basically7. But these distinctions should never be taken seriously in human terms …Antonym: lightly, frivolously8. Even in achievement terms, your B label does not mean that you are permanently defined as a B achievement person.Antonym: temporarilyVI PrefixWrite in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word.1. interfere international ____2. transcend ___ translate3. circumstances ____ circumference4. neocolonial neoclassical5. control conform6. antibiotic antisocial7. unlock undo 8. outnumber outshine1. Explanation:inter-: betweene.g. interaction, interdependent, interconnect2. Explanation:trans-: across or beyonde.g. transplant, transform, transatlantic3. Explanation:circum-: surroundinge.g. circumcision, circumlocution, circumspect4. Explanation:neo-: new, in a later forme.g. neonatal, neo-fascist, neo-Georgian5. Explanation:con-: strengthen or reinforcee.g. convince,constrain, conquer6. Explanation:anti-: opposed to, againste.g. antiwar, antihero, antidote7. Explanation:un-: in verbs that describe the opposite of a processe.g. unfold, unload, unbend, uncut8. Explanation:out-: greater, better, further, etc.e.g. outgrow, outlive, outwit1. DisjunctA disjunct is a type of adverbial that expresses information that is not considered essential to the sentence it appears in, but which is considered to be the speaker’s or writer’s attitude towards, or descriptive statement of, the propositional content of the sentence.More generally, the term disjunct can be used to refer to any sentence element that is not fully integrated into the clausal structure of the sentence. Such elements usually appear peripherally (at the beginning or end of the sentence) and are set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma (in writing) and a pause (in speech).e.g. Honestly, I couldn’t believe it.Unfortunately, Kim has had to leave us.I Rewrite the following sentences using proper disjuncts.1.Unfortunately, we have run out of stock.2.Hopefully, the report will go out to shareholders no later than June 1.3.Oddly enough, he did not raise any objection to the plan.4.Rightly, you returned the money.5.Luckily, this had attracted the attention of TV network executives.6.Fortunately, all went well.7.Strangely enough, the burglar didn’t take the diamond away.IIDisjuncts that are used to convey the evaluation of or attitude towards what is said can be subdivided into two types: 1) those that express a judgment on what is being said as a whole and that normally apply the same judgment simultaneously to the subject of the clause, for example, rightly, correctly, justly, foolishly, wisely, cleverly, prudently, rightly and wrongly. 2) those whose judgment carries no implication to the subject of the clause, such as remarkably, amazingly, astonishingly, curiously, naturally, fortunately, happily, thankfully and sadly. Type 1 disjuncts correspond to the clauses It be…that…, It be…of…or to an infinitive clause.Type 2 disjuncts correspond to the clause It be…that…1. It was right that they protested against it. / It was right of them to have protested （或protest）against it. / They were right to have protested（或protest）against it.2. It was foolish that the boy didn’t say a single word. / It was foolish of the boy not to have said （或say） a single word. / The boy was foolish not to have said （或say）a single word.3. It was wise that John sent the man away. / It was wise of John to have sent （或send）the man away. / John was wise to have sent （或send）the man away.4. It was sad that the storm destroyed the entire tobacco crop.5. It was remarkable that Mrs. Jensen consulted her lawyer.6. It is regrettable that James refuses to speak.7. It is lucky that my assistant has arranged for the matter to be considered by an ad hoc working party.8. It is hoped that a proposal will be ready in time for our next meeting.III Relative wordsRelative words are used to refer to a noun mentioned before and of which we are adding more information. They are used to join two or more sentences in the way we call “relative sentences”.e.g. I know many boys who / that play rugby.The shirt which / that Carl bought has a stain on the pocket.This is the boy whose mother works for the BBC.Barnstaple has a very old covered market where I bought some lovely old plates.Sunday is the day when people usually don’t go to work.If the verb in the relative clause needs a preposition, we usually put it at the end of the clause:e.g. The music which / that Julie listens to is good.Sometimes, the preposition can also be placed before the relative pronoun.e.g. My brother met a woman with whom I used to work.It was the stream in which the elephant and the mouse preferred to swim.Notice that we cannot use who or that after a preposition, for the relative pronoun now serves as the object of the preposition.Key:1.which / that, when, by which2.on which3.that4.for whom5.with whom6.to whom7.of which8.at whichIV.1.where, where2.what, which3.what4.why5.where6.When7.why8.which, which, whatKey:1.However2.Whatever3.whatever4.Wherever5.Whichever6.Whoever7.However8.whenever, wheneverI1.不管我们的标准是什么，这个标准现在提高了，结果使你对自己没能得到更高的分数而感到失望。
新编大学英语综合教程Unit 7课后练习答案
新编大学英语综合教程Unit 7课后练习答案vocabulary and StructureⅠ. The negative suffix “-less” means without or that never cannot be. Fill in the blanks with a proper word from the following list. Change the form when necessary.后缀“-less”表示没有或永远不能。
用下表中适当的词填空。
必要时更改词格。
homeless careless harmless endlesstireless countless worthless aimless homeless [ˈhəʊmləs]adj. 无家的; 无家可归的人们。
careless[ˈkeələs]adj.粗心的;疏忽引起的;无忧无虑的。
countless[ˈkaʊntləs]adj. 无数的; 数不胜数的。
worthless[ˈwɜːθləs]adj. 没用的; 无价值的; 品质坏的。
aimless[ˈeɪmləs]adj. 没有方向的; 无目标的; 无计划的。
1. The traffic accident happened as the result of the drivers ____ driving.交通事故的发生是由于司机们开车疏忽造成的。
【解析】careless。
类似例句：It has been discovered that the traffic accident resulted from the driver's careless driving.2. After the earthquake Firemen took ____ children to social Welfare Institution.【解析】homeless。
新编大学英语口语教程1教学课件Unit 7
1 Part 1 Warm Up 2 Part 2 Read Aloud & Answer Questions 3 Part 3 Individual Presentation 4 Part 4 Pair Work 5 Part 5 Further Practice
Part 1 Warm Up
3) What do you expect to gain from your first job?
High salaries Work experience Self-confidence Communication skills Others (please specify)
Part 1 Warm Up
Part 2 Read Aloud & Answer Questions
Part 2 Read Aloud & Answer Questions
2 Answer the following questions. For each question, you will have 20 seconds to respond.
Question 3 Do you think earning many certificates improves job prospects for college students? Why or why not?
Part 2 Read Aloud & Answefollowing passage and read it aloud. You will have 45 seconds to go over the passage and one minute to read it aloud. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word while reading.
新编大学英语综合教程第一册7-10单元课后翻译
新编大学英语综合教程第一册7-10单元课后翻译Unit71. 我朋友说她会考虑向该学校捐款。
(consider, make donation)My friend said she would consider making a donation to the school.2. 我建议他认真考虑一下，然后再作决定。
(suggest)I suggest he think carefully about it before he makes any decisions.3. 明天约翰很可能会来参加聚会。
(be likely to)John is likely to come to the party tomorrow.4. 仅有理论知识是不够的，我们还要学会如何将理论应用于实践。
(put into practice)It is not enough to have only theoretical knowledge. We should learn how to put theory into practice.5. 你本不应该再回到那幢还在燃烧的大楼，你可能会被严重烧伤的。
(shouldn't have, might have) You shouldn't have gone back to the burning building—you might have been badly / seriously burned.6. 我从来没有想过会有问题。
(cross sb.'s mind)It had never crossed my mind that there might be a problem.7. 查尔斯（Charles）怕羞，不会主动结交朋友。
(take the initiative)Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making friends.Unit81. 要进行长时间的谈判（negotiations）才能达成协议。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
背景知识
视频讨论
Compound Dictation
导入
课文
小结
写作
Back
At home, Sam’s wife looked at the gold watch [S8] _c_r_it_ic_a_l_ly_. “For this you worked 30 years? [S9] _A_c_h_e_a_p__g_o_ld_-_p_la_t_e_d_w__a_tc_h__?” “It's the thought dear.” answered Sam. “ [S10] _T_h_e_i_m_p_o_r_ta_n_t_t_h_i_n_g_i_s _th_a_t_I__am__n_o_t_w__o_r_k_in_g_____ _a_n_y_m__o_re__.” His wife held the gold watch to her ear and said: “[S11] _N_e_i_th_e_r_i_s_y_o_u_r_w__a_tc_h__.”
Click here
To be continued
Lead-in
预习
课文
小结
写作
Back
1. What is the soห้องสมุดไป่ตู้g about?
Tips
It is about a strong love for nature/as shown in the song/reach for a love that seems so far/my dream will take me there where the skies are blue/take me overseas from coast to coast to find a place I love the most .
Unit 7
Language Structures Dialogue I Dialogue II Reading I Reading II
Guided Writing Interaction Activities
Listening Practice
Lead-in
预习
课文
小结
写作
Now let’s watch a video clip and please pay more attention to what the song in it is about.
背景知识
视频讨论
Unit 7
LSP
LS 3 14 2
Unit 7
LSP
LS See the following sentences and find out
the grammar rules they use:
❖ 1. Do you know what to say to a person on his birthday in English?
随笔
Compound Dictation
导入
课文
小结
写作
Back
Sam had worked 30 years for the same company and now he had to [S1] _re_t_ir_e_. As a [S2] _si_g_n_ of gratitude, the company held a dinner in his honor. “Sam”[S3] _a_n_n_o_u_n_c_e_d_ his boss, “It is my great honor to present this gift to you on [S4] _b_e_h_a_lf_ of the company.” Sam walked down to the front of the table and [S5]a_c_c_e_p_te_d__ the gift with pride. It was a gold watch and on it was written “To [S6] _f_a_i_th_f_u_l Sam for 30 years of service.” Sam wept. “I am at a [S7] l_o_s_s for words.”
Unit 7
LSP
2. 非限定动词: 在句子中可以施展其他功能的动词； 这些动词具有一般动词的许多特性，但没有“人 称”和“数目”的限制。
3. 非限定动词的种类： 不定式动词（the infinitive）; 分词（ the present & past participle现在分词 & 过去分词）; 动名词（the gerund）。 e.g. ⑤ Tom found the prescribed text hard to read. 不定式 ⑥ Helen has a smiling face. 现在分词 ⑦ Your written English is good. 过去分词 ⑧ Smoking is harmful to health. 动名词
❖ 2. It takes us about forty-five minutes to go to the station. ❖ 3. We can see buses come and go in a busy street. ❖ 4. Would you mind telling me the time?
① Good leaders serve the people whole-heartedly. ② Jason is giving a public lecture. ③ Who did it? ④ I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour.
Follow up activity
Unit 7
LSP
>> 非限定（non-finite）动词（非谓语动词）
英语动词有限定（finite）和非限定（non-finite）两类。
1. 限定动词：句子中的谓语动词（predicative verb）是限 定的；限定动词受人称（person）和数目（number）的限 制。此外，还有时态（tense ）、语态（voice）和情态 （mood）等。E.g.