新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4
新编大学英语 1 Unit 4 教案
Unit 4 Holidays and Special DaysI. Teaching aims: 1. to do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work (ask thestudents to talk about one of the western holidays that they think the mostinteresting), etc. to practice the students‟ spoken skill and communicativeskills;2. to grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them enrichtheir vocabulary;3. to discuss important holidays in western countries and the way peoplecelebrate;4. to do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practicewhat they have got to know in class to improve their Englishcomprehensive skills.II. key points: 1. to learn the ways people celebrate Christmas;2. talk about the customs of western holidays.III. difficult points: 1. to paraphrase some difficult sentences and catch their meaning.2. to grasp some useful words and phrases to discuss western holidays.IV. teaching process:i. preparation:1. Ask the students to talk about one of the western holidays that they think the most interesting.All the countries have their own festivals. The most important festival in china is Spring Festival, the first day of a year in lunar calendar. However, in western countries and North America, people mostly regard Christmas as a high point of the year.Besides Christmas, there are also many other festivals in the United States, such as Labor Day, Valentine's Day, Good Friday and so on. Each of them is unusual.January 1 is New Year's Day, almost all the American will have a celebration in order to welcome the coming of a new year. New Year greetings can be heard everywhere. Some people may make plans and resolve to change their bad habits so that they can have a good beginning in the New Year.Because ancient American people came from many countries, especially the western countries, they usually have the same festivals. But Thanksgiving Day is different, it is the most truly American of the national holidays in the United States. In 1620,some people called the settlers sailed to America. They arrived after a long time and lots of difficulties. In the first winter, more than half of the people died because of hungry and diseases. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring. They were waiting for the harvest. Their lives depended on the coming harvest. After some time their dream became true. The fields produced enough crops. Therefore they decided to thank the god and celebrate the harvest. Then President of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day.Now, American people have a get-together and prepare a nice and big dinner on Thanksgiving Day. Turkeys are often offered, it almost becomes the symbol of Thanksgiving. All kinds of sweets and nuts can be seen on the table, too It's still a day to express people's thanks for the year's bounty and the god today.April Fool's Day is another interesting festival. It began in France and was very popular at that time. It was celebrated in nearly all the western countries later. In the early 18th century, the tradition was taken to the United States by the Englishmen who moved to America early. On April 1,people will play jokes on others and they may decorate their houses as if it was Christmas or Near Year's Day. It's very interesting to join the parties on April Fool's Day. People may make some pretty but fake dishes, for example, the ice-cream may be covered with tomatoes. "Have a lovely day!" "You are an April fool!" "These words can be often heard on April Fool's Day. People won't be unhappy if others play jokes on them at that day.2. Holiday wordsHolidays and Special Days in U.S.AThe American calendar is filled with numerous holidays. The following table shows some of the more popular holidays. Important national holidays have been indicated in bold face.Most non-essential government offices will be closed on these days. (Fire, Ambulance and Police are always open.) Banks and post offices also tend to be closed on these days, and many businesses will give their employees the day off.It is also important to be aware of the holidays of people of other religious faiths. For example, important Jewish holidays include Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, Sukkoth, Chanukah, and Passover. Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, and Sukkoth occur in the fall. Chanukah occurs in December, near Christmas. Passover occurs in March or April, near Easter.3. Reading a Rhyme1) Who do you think wrote the rhyme?It might be a child who is between 7 and 12 years old. He or she lost his/ her milk teeth. His/her two front teeth have not grown out and his/her classmates might make fun of him/ her. So he/ she asked Santa Claus to give him/ her two front teeth.Student A: This rhyme is written by a child (6-7 years old) who has no front teeth.Student B: This rhyme is written by an old man/woman who has lost his/her front teeth. (He/She ca n‟t pronounce the sound “s” without his/her front teeth.)Student C: This rhyme is written by a young man who has lost his front teeth in a fight and is often teased by others.Student D: This rhyme is written by an advertiser trying to promote the sales of a certain product containing calcium which is good for children‟s teeth.Student E: This rhyme is written by the parent of a baby whose front teeth haven‟t grown yet and who wants to wish its parents Merry Christmas.(The baby is too young to write such a rhyme.)2) Which Christmas custom is reflected in it?Making a wishStudent A: People exchange gifts with each other.Student B:People wish each other “Merry C hristmas".Student C: People make wishes on Christmas and their wishes will come true.Student D: Children get a lot of presents on Christmas3) If you‟re to make a wish, what will it be?Wishes might be: pass TEM 4, find a part time job, buy a computer, buy a car, learn how to drive, own a large house, publish a bookStudent A: Wish everyone has the most advanced computer.Student B:Wish I can receive many presents and can do whatever I want to do.Student C: Wish our country develops more quickly in the next fifty years and that ourcountry will be the most powerful in the world on thecentennial anniversary of our country.Student D: Wish my best friend good luck.Student E: Wish my family members and all my friends and relatives happy, healthy, and prosperous.Student F: Wish I could stay in a cabin in the countryside with a peasant family, sit around the fire and tell stories to each other.Student G: Wish all my dreams will come true.4. What is this special day?April Fool‟s DayPeople play tricks on each other; Neighbor kids will play friendly tricks on you; your best friend will tease you; and even the media will makes jokes to fool the public. When someone is tricked, people say: “April Fool.”ii. listening-centered activities1. Listen to a passage and complete the following clues about “The Origin of Santa Claus”1. The custom of giving presents during Christmas goes back to the ancient Romans.2. In the Bible, the wise men brought gifts to Jesus on the 12th day after his birth.3. In some countries of Europe, the gifts are supposed to be brought in by Saint Nicholas, a bishop who was regarded as a special friend of the children.4. When the Dutch came to New York, they brought the traditions of Saint Nicholas with them.5. In America the date of Santa Claus‟s arrival was moved to Christmas eve.The reason for this is that the gifts are supposed to be brought in by Saint Nicholas on the eve of his feast day, December the 6th. Saint Nicholas was a bishop of the 4th century who came to be regarded as a special friend of the children. So in various countries around the world Saint Nicholas returns every year with gifts for good children. When the Dutch came to New York, they brought the traditions of Saint Nicholas with them. They called him “San Nicholas.” And this soon was changed to “Sankt Klaus”, and then Santa Claus. But in America the date of Santa Claus‟s arrival was moved to Christmas eve. And gradually his red costume, the reindeer, and his home at the north pole became part of the tradition.2. Spot Dictation:and because it meant they would have a period of rest from work afterwards. They would make merry and have a great holiday. Even though it was November, they considered it the beginning of the new year! When the Romans conquered Europe, they changed this time of celebration to the first of January. From then the coming of the new year was a symbol of a new life with new hope for the future. This custom and this meaning has lasted to this day. We celebrate the new year hoping it will bring us a good life!3. Background knowledge about Valentine’s Day:Several different stories are told about the origin of Saint Valentine's Day. One legend dates as far back as the days of the Roman Empire. According to the story, Claudius, the Emperor of Rome, wanted to increase the size of his army. He knew that it would be easier to get young men who were not married to join. Therefore he made a rule that no young man could marry until he had served a certain number of years in the army.A priest named Valentine broke the rule and secretly married a great many young people. Finally, Claudius found out about Valentine and put the priest in prison, where he remained until his death on February 14.After his death, Valentine was made a saint, and the day of his death was named Saint Valentine's Day. It became the custom for lovers to send each other messages on this day. Now Saint Valentine's Day is a time for people to give roses or chocolates and to send greetings.4. role playWork with your partners to make a conversation in the following situations:1) You ring your friend Lisa on Christmas Eve.Tom: Hi! Lisa. Is that you? It‟s Tom.Lisa: Merry Christmas! Tom.Tom: You too. What are you going to do during the holidays?Lisa: I‟m going to visit my parents and my brothers back home.Tom: Have a safe trip! Then. You know what? I‟m going to China for my holidays. I hope that will be exciting.Lisa: I‟m sure it will.2) You and your girlfriend/boyfriend celebrate Valentine‟s Day.Jack: Happy Valentine‟s Day, dear!May: Oh! I can‟t believe you remembered!Jack: How can I forget? There are reminders all over town. Everywhere I go I see signs that tell me to buy flowers and chocolates for the woman I love. So, here, please accept these flowers and chocolates.May: Thank you so much. I cooked a special dinner for you tonight. Happy Valentine‟s Day to you!3) You are discussing with your friend about the New Year‟s resolution.Peter: Have you made a New Year‟s resolution yet, Mark?Mark: No, I never make New Year‟s resolu tions. I did for a few years, but I never kept them. Now I don‟t even bother to make them. What about you?Peter: I‟ve made a resolution to lose weight.Mark: I don‟t think you need to lose weight. You look just fine.Peter: Thank you! I appreciate that comment.5. video clip1) What do you know about Thanksgiving Day?2) If you have an opportunity to give thanks to somebody, whom will you give thanks to first? And how?iii. reading-centered activities1. What is Christmas?The word Christmas comes from the words Cristes maesse, or "Christ's Mass." Christmas is the celebration of the birth of Jesus for members of the Christian religion. Most historians peg the first celebration of Christmas to Rome in 336 A.D.Christmas is both a holiday and a holy day. In America it is one of the biggest event of the year (especially for kids), and for members of the Christian religions it is an important day on the religious calendar.Christmas Day, the 25th of December, is the biggest festival(节日)celebrated in the Christian countries of the world. Although everyone enjoys Christmas Day,it is particularly enjoyed by children, who get very excited because of the presents they know they are going to receive. Small children believe that their presents are brought by Father Christmas(圣诞老人).Father Christmas is a kind of old man who, the children are told, lives at the North Pole. He travels through the sky on a sleigh(雪撬) which is pulled by reindeers(驯鹿) and loaded with(装满) presents. Stopping on the roof of houses, he enters by climbing the chimney(烟囱).When small children go to bed on Christmas Eve, they hang a stocking at the end of their beds. Their parents warn them not to try to look at Father Christmas, or he will not leave them anything. When they wake, they find theirstockings filled with presents. Children are very excited on Christmas morning and always wake up early.Christmas is also a family celebration. As any members of the family as possiblegather to eat, play party games and watch the special Christmas programmes on TV.The federal government, all state governments, all schools/colleges/universities and the vast majority of businesses in America give employees one or two days off at Christmas, making it an important holiday (other federal holidays are: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King Day, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving). In the Roman Catholic calendar, Christmas is one of six holy feast days celebrated in America, the others being: Circumcision (New Year's Day), Ascension, Assumption (Mary's assumption into heaven, August 15), All Saints (November 1), and the Immaculate Conception (December 8).Historians are unsure exactly when Christians first began celebrating the Nativity of Christ. However, most scholars believe that Christmas originated in the 4th century as a Christian substitute for pagan celebrations of the winter solstice. Before the introduction of Christmas, each year beginning on December 17 Romans honored Saturn, the ancient god of agriculture, in a festival called Saturnalia. This festival lasted for seven days and included the winter solstice, which usually occurred around December 25 on the ancient Julian calendar. During Saturnalia the Romans feasted, postponed all business and warfare, exchanged gifts, and temporarily freed their slaves. Many Romans also celebrated the lengthening of daylight following the winter solstice by participating in rituals to glorify Mithra, the ancient Persian god of light (see Mithraism). These and other winter festivities continued through January 1, the festival of Kalends, when Romans marked the day of the new moon and the first day of the month and year.Most scholars believe that Christmas originated in the 4th century as a Christian substitute for pagan celebrations of the winter solstice.Although the Gospels describe Jesus‟ birth in detail, they never mention the date, so historians do not know on what date he was born. The Roman Catholic Church chose December 25 as the day for the Feast of the Nativity in order to give Christian meaning to existing pagan rituals.2. introductionTo many people Christmas is no longer than a most important religious celebration. It means drinking and eating with abandon, and people are apt to participate in the conspicuous consumption. They hardly think of the less fortunate, one should remember all the good things and express his love to others.Work in pairs to explain the meanings of the following two sentences.Christmas isn‟t Christmas without a turkey.Turkey makes a really traditional Christmas.As we all know, turkey is the main food for Christmas in North America. Without turkey, Christmas won‟t be Christmas. Turkey always goes together with cranberry sauce. The turkey is stuffed with sausage and a mixture of bread, milk, eggs, onions and various herbs including summer savory.Turkey is like a very large chicken that usually weighs around 15 lbs. It takes around 7 hours to roast it in the oven. Some people use an electric knife to carve it into pieces.3. words and phrasesabsolutely: definitely and completely; unquestionably 完全地，确实地adj.: absolute relativeabsolutely relativelyalcoholic: containing or preserved in alcohol 含酒精的an alcoholic drinkn. alcoholapproach: to come near or nearer, as in space or time: 接近：靠近或靠得更近，如在空间或时间上; to come close to, as in appearance, quality, or condition; approximate: 近乎Spring approaches.The performance approaches perfection.n. a way or means of reaching something; an access:途径; the method used in dealingwith or accomplishing:步骤：an approach to the bridgea logical approach to the problemThe approach of winter brings cold weather.In some cases, different approaches ____the same scientific problem lead to conflicting theories.A)to B)in C)of D)for答案：A) the approach to...，为固定搭配，意为“…方法(途径)”。
大学英语综合教程1 Unit4
1. You must _______ to the fact that failure will mean awake disgrace. _______ 2. My mother aroused me from sleep. woke 3. He ______ up with a start when the door slammed. wakened 4. We were ________ by a loud bang. 5. Is he _______ or asleep? awake 6. It’s time you _______ up to the fact that you’re not woke popular.
3
Meagan and her mother managed to produce a close copy of the doll to GG as a Christmas present.
Detailed reading
• Paragraph 1 • 1. Why did the writer’s grandmother move in with the writer’s mother? • 2. What does sentence “it was often hard to arouse her interest” tell us about old people like the writer’s grandmother?
move in: take possession of a new home You must come and see our new house when we’ve moved in. We moved out on Monday and the new tenants moved in on Tuesday. Collocation: move in move out 搬进 搬出
新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)
The more you study, the more you will find yourself ignorant.
学，然后知不足。
— Rene Descartes
To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting. — Edmund Burke
exposed?
She has learned to make the grade, not to change it on the card.
3. Who do you think called the speaker’s mother?
Her teacher.
Listening Script
MMyympoatrheenrtsawnsewreeraelwd aity,sltiestlelinnegdm, aentdo trhaeisne lmooykgerdadaetsm, e but they would never tell me how. After getting one bad wreitphorbtlcoaordd ainftehrearneoythese.r,SIhkenetowldI hmaed tthoadtothsoermeewtheinreg some tdhrinasgtsicm. Wuchewn omrsyeDtheacnemfabielirncga, radnadrtrhivaetdchweiathtinthgrweeasCos,ntewoof tDhesm, a.nIdtarinedF,tIowaargsuaef.raIidsatiodsshhoewwitastothmeyomneothwehr.oThhaadt'stold mweheton Ichcaamngeeump ywigthratdhees.brTilhliaatnmt iaddeea ohferchraenaglliynganthgeryF, taond an A. It was really quite simple just to give the F another leg. sWhehseanidI sthhaotwIekdntehwe cthaardt’stonomtywmhaotthsehre, shhaed wmaesavnet.ryTheexncistehde gtaovseeemtheeaonwehgiopopdingraadned. Stohoekgaavweamyemayhuagllaonwdaanckeissfoarnda, mmoonstthi.mSpionrcteantthoefnalIl,haabviegglearranlelodwtaoncmea. kEevetrhyeongerawdea,s not chhaapnpgye iint omnythheoucsaerdu.ntil two nights later when the phone rang.
浙江大学《新编大学英语综合教程(1)》第3版学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Un
浙江大学《新编大学英语综合教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南Unit4一、词汇短语In-Class ReadingFresh Startcampus[]n.（大学）校园；大学教育【例句】The news soon went round the campus.消息很快传遍校园。
【助记】camp（营地）+us→我们在大学校园里露营学生军训的营地(camp)，设在我们(us)校园里drive off驾车离去；驶去；赶走；击退【例句】He was just about to drive off when the secretary came running out.他正打算驾车离开，这时秘书跑了出来。
parking lot停车场nothing more than仅仅，只不过【例句】They expected nothing more than a new-type machine.他们期望的只不过是一台新型的机器而已。
safely[]adv.安全地；确实地【例句】The first part of the plan has been safely accomplished.计划的第一部分已顺利完成。
freshman[]n.新生，大学一年级学生march[]n.行军，进军；进行曲；示威游行vi.进军；走过vt.迫使…前进【例句】①The band struck up the wedding march.乐队开始演奏婚礼进行曲。
②His mother marched him right off home with her.他母亲让他马上跟她回家。
【词组】march in进入；（运动员）进场march on行进，向前进；向…推进；进入检阅场地march against朝…进军；向…推进await[]vt.等候，期待；（事情等）降临于【例句】Death awaits us all.死神在等着我们所有的人。
hesitation[]n.犹豫，踌躇【例句】She answered without a moment’s hesitation.她毫不迟疑立即回答。
新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4
Unit 4 Fresh StartIn-Class Reading Fresh Start新的开端1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。
我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。
我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。
我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。
2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。
然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。
坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。
3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。
天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。
4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。
算了吧。
我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。
5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。
我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。
手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。
就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。
6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。
但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。
7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。
到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。
也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。
于是我去了食堂。
8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。
突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。
抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。
当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。
他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。
我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。
(全新版)大学英语《综合教程》第一册Unit4AmericanDream
论党对马克思主义中国化时代化大众化的历史探索孙忠良;陈德祥【期刊名称】《山东青年政治学院学报》【年(卷),期】2011(000)004【摘要】党的十七届四中全会提出要大力推进马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化的重大战略任务。
这项任务的提出具有十分重要的现实意义和长远的历史意义。
在中国共产党90年的发展历程中,一直致力于推动马克思主义的中国化、时代化、大众化,但是党对于这一问题的认识却经历了一个曲折的历史过程。
综观党对马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化的历史探索,将有利于总结历史经验,进一步推动马克思主义理论创新。
%The forth CCP Congress point out it is a must to advocate the chinization,up-dating and popularity o f Marxism,which is burdened with great significance in terms of reality and history.In the process of the development of CCP,despite of the tendency,it is intricate to realize thoroughly this subject.In an eagle＇s view,the explore of chinization,up-dating and popularity of Marxism benefits how to summarize a certain period of history and further theory innovation.【总页数】4页(P1-4)【作者】孙忠良;陈德祥【作者单位】吉首大学,湖南吉首416000;吉首大学,湖南吉首416000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】B27【相关文献】1.中国共产党对马克思主义中国化时代化大众化关系的认识发展 [J], 陈德祥2.马克思主义中国化时代化大众化的历史探索 [J], 孙忠良;陈德祥3.建国后毛泽东对于马克思主义中国化时代化大众化的历史探索 [J], 孙忠良;董钰涵;4.论党对马克思主义中国化时代化大众化的历史探索 [J], 孙忠良;陈德祥5.党对推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化规律的有益探索 [J], 杨子萍;因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
外研社,新编大学英语综合教程4,Unit4 Creativity,Quiz答案
外研社，新编大学英语综合教程4Unit4 CreativityQuiz答案1. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. The servant was dismissed for being lazy and dishonest.A. neglectedB. ignoredC. firedD. sent2. He tried his best to mask his enmity (敌意) under an appearance of friendliness.A. faceB. concealC. revealD. present3. It rained practically all night.A. almostB. mostlyC. reallyD. actually4. Regular exercise is vital for your health.A. fatalB. energeticC. importantD. relevant5. Let's move to the next item on the agenda.A. paperB. planC. projectD. work6. She has been appointed to solve the problem.A. chosenB. appliedC. askedD. demanded7. Mere words won't help.A. ManyB. TrueC. RealD. Only8. She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight.A. took overB. took upC. took awayD. took down9. It's often difficult to discern the truth of an event from the newspaper stories.A. understandB. distinguishC. findD. get10. The flavor of most foods can be enhanced by good cooking.A. improvedB. raisedC. changedD. forced11. In order to avoid students' utter reliance on teachers, students should be taught how to learninstead of what to learn.A. independenceB. dispensationC. dependenceD. confidence12. Young children need stimulation.A. praiseB. challengesC. understandingD. help2. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the words in brackets.13. manual menu mental metalA. Is it made of wood orB. We are sure a lot of thisC. Those who suffer an illness of the mind should be sent toD. The man ordered the most expensive items on theYour answer Correct answer(1) metal metal(2) manual manual(3) mental mental(4) menu menu14. adapt adoptB. This novel has beenYour answer Correct answer(1) adapted adapted(2) adapted adapted(3) adopted adopted(4) adopted adopted15. award rewardB. He announced a(n)Your answer Correct answer(1) award award(2) reward reward16. incident accident business issue eventA. I raised a newD. She told us about some of the amusingYour answer Correct answer(1) issue issue(2) accident accident(3) business business(4) incidents incidents(5) events events3. Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in brackets.17. 我再也没有见到过他，也没有收到过他的信。
新编大学英语第三版综合教程第四册课后答案
Unit 1 PersonalityV ocabulary1. 1) self-conscious 2) self-confidence 3) self-esteem 4) self-destructive 5) self-worth6) self-concept 7) Self-awareness 8) self-assurance/self-confidence2. 1)B 2)I 3)L 4)A 5)H 6)D 7)E 8)N 9)J 10)M 11)C 12)F 13)G 14)K3. 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome 6) eventually7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented4. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded5)sensitive 6) respond/react 7)eliminated 8)overcome my fear9) concentrate on 10) made no commentTranslation1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3) When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6) He finally failed to live up to his parents’expectations.7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.Part Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and LegendsV ocabulary1. 1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting 2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory/preparation3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approving E. disapprove5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/faithless C. faith d. faithfully7) A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered9) A. troublesome B. troubled C. troubled D. troubling 10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure2. 1) got/ran into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble 4) have …trouble 5) troublewith6) in serious/deep/big trouble 7) get/getting …into trouble 8) took the trouble3. 1) with a pattern of roses 2) prepared a wonderful/goof meal for us3) promised faithfully 4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate 6) keep out of mischief/behave themselves7) the sound of distant thunder 8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much 10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Three Further Development5. Complete the following Ancient Chinese story by translating the Chinese into English1) the true reason why there was no such animal in Guizhou2) they were of no use at all in this place3) when he saw the donkey all of a sudden, he thought it was a monster4) he hid himself in the trees while looking at the donkey5) what kind of animal is this and why does it look different from other animals that I’ve seen?6) But one day the donkey stretched its thin neck and cried7) the tiger discovered that the donkey didn’t have any other skills besides crying8) But he dared not rush to it and eat it just as he did to other animals9) This did irritate the donkey (made the donkey angry), who raised its hind leg and kicked the tiger10) This time he rushed to it without hesitation and bit its rhroatPart Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice万物之初天地还是一体充满混沌。
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Unit 4 Fresh StartIn-Class Reading Fresh Start新的开端1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。
我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。
我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。
我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。
2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。
然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。
坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。
3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。
天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。
4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。
算了吧。
我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。
5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。
我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。
手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。
就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。
6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。
但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。
7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。
到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。
也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。
于是我去了食堂。
8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。
突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。
抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。
当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。
他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。
我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。
就在那一刻，我意识到我把自己看得太重了。
9我是否摔了个托盘，坐在教室的哪个位置，甚至是否走错了教室，有谁会在乎呢？没有人在乎。
这不像在中学。
在大学里，这些都无关紧要。
我完全可以按自己的意愿行事。
10一旦意识到我不必考虑别人的期望，只要自己满意就行，我感到释然。
我开始把大学看作一个美妙的实验。
我稍稍改变了自己的穿着，开始欣赏爵士乐，还认定自己喜欢光着脚走路。
11在接下来的大学生活里，我不再试图做出什么姿态，而是顺其自然。
大学，在我看来，也许是唯一一个犯错误可以得到完全谅解的阶段（包括踩到番茄酱，摔了托盘）。
于是，我利用这个机会来体验我认为自己可能会犯的所有过失。
12大学毕业已经三年了，我仍然时有过失。
其中的一些过失我甚至还是得到了原谅。
After-Class Reading College-a New Beginning大学——一个新的开端1“今天上午早些时候，我与一位同事通电话。
他告诉我，今天我不用到办公室来，因为正是新生入学的时候，校园里一切都乱套了。
他说得没错。
真的是一团糟。
校园里有数百辆车，载着汗流浃背的新生、他们的家人、还有许多行李。
父母们为什么时候停车、在哪里停车、是否要停车争执不停。
校警竭尽全力指挥交通，但是他们知道，今天不得不允许人们违反一些规则了。
这是一年中最忙乱的日子，这一点毫无疑问。
这也是我最喜欢的日子。
”2这是夏洛特·J. 帕特森在迎新致辞中的开场白。
作为弗吉尼亚大学的一位心理学教授，帕特森对新生了如指掌：她了解他们的希望、梦想和顾虑。
在开学的这一天成为大学一年级学生意味着什么？帕特森教授认为它意味着一个崭新的开端。
她接着说：3“它使我想起了积雪消融的早春时节。
你无论踩到哪里都会溅起水花。
但即便是又冷又湿，我也无法使自己怨恨那些日子，因为它们昭示着春天的来临。
新生的到来让学校变得一团糟，但我同样无法讨厌这件事。
新生来到镇上，就像绿色的新苗从四处冒出来，寻找阳光。
当他们从宿舍的窗户里探出头来时，就好像古老的大树上绽出的新芽。
也许有人会担心阳光是否充足，土壤是否肥沃，霜冻是否降临，但是对于幼苗和大学新生来说，能够存活，能够跨进大学的校门，就足够了。
4“是的，今天是新生活的开始。
昨天你们还是妈妈的孩子，住在家里；今天，你们已经是大学的新生，开始独立生活了。
‘新生！’我喜欢这个称呼。
这个称呼本身让人想到一个问题。
我们在读这个词时，应该把重音放在‘新’上呢，还是放在‘生’上？怎么读都可以。
无论你把成年看作是人生的一段旅程还是新起点的到来，今天无疑是你们人生道路上的一大步。
新生的欢喜和新生的忧愁都挂在我周围每一张年轻的脸上。
5“大学是令人激动的时期，也许还是你一生中最开心的时光，但同时也是进行许多重大调整和经历一些挫败的时期。
如今，大多数研究领域的竞争都已经非常激烈了。
你们必须努力学习，做好充分准备，才能进入这些领域。
信息爆炸对想要吸收所有信息的人提出了更高的要求。
因此，对大学生活来说，越来越需要有一个安排更合理的开端。
现在，学校里针对新生的课程越来越受欢迎。
作为新生，你们应该选修一些这样的课程，它们能帮助你们为将来学习难度更大的课程做准备。
你们应该确保自己能够提高读、写、说等各方面的能力，不要惧怕那些迫使你思考的课程。
思考可以令人兴奋并且大有裨益。
同时，花一些时间享受生活——放松一下，注意饮食，笑口常开。
让大学生活如你所愿，成为美妙而有价值的经历。
祝大家好运！”课内阅读练习答案Part One Preparation1 Talking About High School ClassmatesSample• Among the 54 students in my high school class, I’m the only one enrolled in a national key university. There are 14 others who were accepted by provincial universities or colleges. Their majors vary greatly, covering most of the engineering fields. Of the 14 former classmates, 4 are now studying in Shanghai, 2 in Shandong, 3 in Beijing and the rest in other parts of the country. Though initially dissatisfied with their universities or colleges, they are quite happy with their majors.• I graduated from ________ High School, a key high school in ________ Province.Among the50 students in my class, 48 are enrolled in universities, mostly national keyuniversities. Three went to Peking University and two to Tsinghua University. The three who study at Peking University are majoring in law, philosophy and physics respectively and the two at Tsinghua are majoring in computer science and information science. In this university alone there are five of us, each with a different major.Another three of my former classmates are enrolled in normal universities, one in Beijing Normal University, one in South China Normal University and one in East China Normal University.2 A Freshman’s Scho ol LifeSTEP ONE1DE P A R T M E N TOR2P3C R4ED I T S5MA J O R XO T6F R7ES H M E N RE C A8SS OT 9TSCC S10N O E UH O O R R11S O R M M R O12F I N A L I13TI CA14CA M P U S C I 15H16GR A D E S I U E O S T L T 17BA C H E L O R18LI B R A R Y B I O RI19OP T I O N A L NESSTEP TWOSampleI’m a freshman at Zhejiang University with a major in economics. I have been on campus forabout two months. I’m living in a dorm and have th ree nice roommates. I enjoy reading to widen my horizons, so I spend a lot of time in the university library. So far I have been enjoying my new life except that sometimes I worry about the coming mid-term and final exams. Our professors stress in class th at students’ top priority here is to acquire as much knowledge as possible. We should attend classes regularly and take good notes. We should hand in our assignments on time; and the results of quizzes will account for part of our final grades. Usually we are very busy during the week. But on weekends we can spend some time on our hobbies. The spare time thing I like to do most is to surf the Internet. Some students make use of their spare time to do some part-time jobs, for example, serving as a tutor. They say they have to earn at least part of their tuition. I think I’d prefer to work hard to win a scholarship to support myself.A dditional activityA Freshman’s AlphabetF or this activity, the teacher can ask students to work in pairs to complete a Fr eshman’s Alphabet by filling in the blanks with suitable words.A is for the ASSIGNMENTS that the teachers give us.B is for the B that I enjoy reading.C is for the CAMPUS where _________________________.D is for the D that I share with my roommates.E is for the E that give me headaches.F is for the FRIENDS whom _________________________.G is for the G that I learn in the English class.H is for the H of mine, such as playing tennis.I is for the INFORMATION that _________________________.J is for the J that I want to get after I graduate from college.K is for the K that we are acquiring in school.L is for the L where we can borrow books.M is for the M of mine—business.N is for the N that I take in class.O is for the OK I say to my mother over the phone.P is for the P who give us lectures.Q is for the QUIZZES that _________________________.R is for the R that we write after we have done research.S is for the S that I hope to win.T is for the TUITION that _________________________.U is for the U that give us the chance for higher education. V is for the V that I’m looking forward to.W is for the W when I can relax myself.X is for the X’MAS CARDS that I will receive from my friends in December. Y is for YAHOO that we like to visit on the Internet.Z is for the ZEAL(热情，渴望) I have for knowledge.Key:A is for the ASSIGNMENTS that the teachers give us.B is for theBOOKS that I enjoy reading.C is for the CAMPUS where most students live.D is for the DORM that I share with my roommates.E is for theEXAMS that give me headaches.F is for the FRIENDS whom I’m glad to stay with.G is for the GRAMMAR that I learn in the English class. H is for theHOBBIES of mine, such as playing tennis.I is for the INFORMATION that I get from the Internet.J is for the JOB that I want to get after I graduate from college. K is for the KNOWLEDGE that we are acquiring in school.L is for the LIBRARY where we can borrow books. M is for theMAJOR of mine—business.N is for the NOTES that I take in class.O is for the OK that I say to my mother over the phone. P is for thePROFESSORS who give us lectures.Q is for the QUIZZES that teachers give us now and then.R is for the REPORTS that we write after we have done research. S is for thethat I hope to win.T is for the TUITION that my parents pay for my education.U is for the UNIVERSITIES that give us the chance for higher education. V is for the VACATIONS that I’m looking forward to.W is for the WEEKENDS when I can relax myself.X is for the X’MAS CARDS that I will receive from my friends in December.Y is for YAHOO that we like to visit on the Internet.Z is for the ZEAL(热情，渴望) I have for knowledge.3 Expectations of College LifeSample• For me, Items 1, 2, 4, 5 are very important because I want to take advantage of my college years to learn something really useful. When I was in high school, my goal was to enter a prestigious university, so most of the time I studied hard just for the sake of getting high marks. Now things are different, and I am more concerned about my future career. Thus, I plan to devote my time to whatever will prepare me for my future job and life. The only item that is not important to me is Item 10 because it’s too early for me to consider a recommendation letter. The rest of the items are somewhat important to me. I hope I can develop a good relationship with my teachers and classmates.• I think the most important goal I want to achieve in college is to develop my interpersonal skills. As we know, undergraduate studies should be focused on quality education. Gaining knowledge is something very natural to undergraduate students if we attend classes regularly and pay enough attention to lectures. In fact, learning is a life- long activity. I have a wide range of interests. I’m also a good problem solver. So Items 6 to 9 are very important to me while Items 1 to 5 are less important. As I’m planning to pursue further studies abroad after graduation, Item 10 is somewhat important to me.Part Two Reading-Centered ActivitiesIn-Class ReadingPost-ReadingReading ComprehensionReading Comprehension11dormitory / dorm room2watching3freshman4wrong5biology6 literature7cafeteria8stepped9dropped10ashamed / embarrassed11forgotten12fate13serious14matter 15experiment16forgiven2 1 No, that was just the way the writer felt, because she was self-conscious and shy.2She probably wanted to be out of the professor’s view.3Most biology majors are serious.4A Here “it” refers to “my entire life”.B It was a miserable day.5Here “it” refers to the miserable and embarrassing moment.6 Because she was afraid that other students might recognize her and make fun of her.7Dropping the food tray and falling to the ground.8Because he took it as nothing serious.9Whether you drop a tray, where you sit, or whether you show up in the wrong lecture, etc.3Sample• On the afternoon of the day I came to college, I saw my parents off and went back to the campus.I found my dorm and walked in. Settling into my bed as I was tired, I reached for the cup on thedesk when I sensed something strange. Two persons in the room were staring at me, puzzled. I can still remember I was a bit shocked at that moment. Who were they? I jumped out of bed, puzzled, too. Why were they staring at me like that? But in a few seconds I realized what had happened: I had come to the right room but the wrong building. I flushed and apologized in a clumsy way. The two guys seemed to be amused. They told me that they were also freshmen and that I was welcome to their dorm anytime I liked. I said thanks and then fled.• It happened about a week after I came to college. Just as I got out of the library building, I found that I had taken someone else’s bag. How foolish! I hurried back to the library, only to find that the guy was already in the librarians’ office with an angry look. The moment he saw his bag he smiled with relief. I apologized for my mistake and waited for his sharp words. To my surprise, he patted me on the back and said in a friendly way, “Don’t worry, I have made the same mistake, too.”• I made a serious mistake on my first English test. I forgot to put my name on my paper. My teacher didn’t blame me but told me to avoid repeating the same mistake. It was a good lessonfor me and I learned to be very careful when it came to details.Vocabulary1 1 rearing2 tips3 settled4 major5lot, lot6 rear7 settle8 major9 settled10tipping2 1 seriously 2 crashed3 schedule4 slip5clasps / clasped6 groped7 accidentally8 grinned9 opportunity10hesitation Translation1 The individuals who have contributed are far too many / numerous to mention.2 The noise woke us up in the middle of the night.3 He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said. It was nothing more than a joke.4 We invited all our friends to the picnic, but it rained and only five of them showed up.5 Marriage is viewed as a serious matter.6 To my disappointment, the movie didn’t live up to my expectations.Part Three Further Development1. Grammar ReviewSection A1. laughing / to laugh2. be / should be3. hadn’t helped4. go5. like6. as7. either8. can we2. V ocabulary Review1.living2. find out3, awaiting4. broke up5. clapped6. intends7. resource8. funds3 College vs High SchoolSampleD ifferences between college life and life in high school:•At college we live on campus instead of at home, that is, we have to take care of ourselves: We wash our clothes by ourselves, we eat at the dining hall, we get up and go to bed without our parents bustling around, and we learn to budget our money carefully.•College teachers are quite different from those in high school. Th ey won’t drive you to study. They give lectures, they answer questions, and they disappear, leaving you a mass of assignments to do. Very often you’ll be asked to cover half of a book in just one week. But generally they’re much more knowledgeable, humorou s and tolerant than high school teachers.•Students in college come from all over the country. You can even see some foreign students on campus. We share our knowledge about the places we are from: different dialects, different customs and different eating habits. We make friends with each other and spend a lot of time together; thus we can broaden our horizons and discover an even richer world.•High school work was easy, so we always knew the answers and got high scores. But in college the texts are more difficult to understand, the quantity of required reading is greater, and nobody can answer all the questions. It seems high school students are swimming in a pool while college students are adrift in a sea.•Good study skills are a must in college. We’re entitled to much more free time but we should learn to use it in a reasonable way. In college most classes meet only once or twice a week. We have to work hard to keep up with the course work. We have to learn to take notes from texts and lectures because college teachers, unlike high school teachers, seldom provide notes for us. And we should also take an active part in discussions in class.•We probably have fewer tests in college, usually with mid-term and final exams only.•The college often helps with our needs for assistance—student loans, scholarships, special student aid funds, etc. There are also work-study programs that are available to satisfy students’ different needs for financial aid.•College students can take some part-time jobs. In this way they can earn some money to support themselves. At the same time, they get some useful experience and learn to get along with different kinds of people.•We are free to organize extracurricular activities in college. For example, in our spare time we may hold a party, a sports meet, an English speech contest, or we may go to the movies on weekends or go for a picnic on a spring day. In short, college life is very exciting and in most cases you’re the decision-makers.4 Fighting Against Freshman LonelinessSampleW ays to fight against loneliness on campus:•make more friends;•keep yourself busy;•have a good sleep;•surf the Internet;•have a tour around the city where your university is located;•go to a movie;•play sports;•phone your family or friends;•write letters to friends or send them e-mails;•read a novel or listen to music;•talk to someone you know;•visit some relatives or acquaintances who are in the same city;•stroll around the supermarket or department store even if y ou aren’t going to buy anything;•be friendly with your classmates / roommates and spend some out-of-school time with them;•consult your counselor;•attend an association / club or be a member of the Student Union.Part Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice“我要告诉任何一个想回到学校的人，事情不像你想的那么难，”卡伦·乔纳特斯说。