中石化职称英语高级
中石化英语分级测试机职称英语考试资料(阅读理解)
沥青混凝土摊铺松铺系数1. 什么是松铺系数好吧，咱们先从“松铺系数”说起。
这可不是啥高深的学问，而是咱们在摊铺沥青混凝土时得考虑的重要因素。
简单来说，松铺系数就是在摊铺过程中，咱们会让沥青混凝土铺得“松松垮垮”的程度，明白了吗？哎，别小看这个小小的系数，它可是跟咱们路面的平整度、耐久性，甚至行车的舒适度密切相关。
你想想，如果路面不平坦，车一颠一颠的，那开车的感觉就像在坐过山车，真是让人哭笑不得呀。
2. 为什么要关注松铺系数2.1 路面质量那么，为什么咱们要特别关注这个松铺系数呢？首先，它直接关系到路面的质量。
一个好的路面，不光得平整，还得有一定的承载能力。
这时候，松铺系数就显得格外重要。
如果铺得太松，路面就容易出现裂缝，甚至会掉渣，简直跟过期的牛奶一样，让人心疼。
2.2 施工效率其次，松铺系数还影响施工效率。
你想啊，工程师们辛辛苦苦摊铺的沥青，如果松铺系数不合适，可能还得重新来过，浪费时间和钱，那真是“打水漂”呀。
咱们常说“工欲善其事，必先利其器”，施工的时候可不能马虎。
3. 松铺系数的计算3.1 实际操作说到这里，咱们得聊聊如何计算这个松铺系数了。
别担心，这里没有复杂的数学公式，主要是根据实际操作来判断。
通常情况下，松铺系数的标准值在1.0到1.3之间，具体的数值还得根据不同的材料和环境来调整。
这就像做饭，放盐也得看口味，太多太少都不行。
3.2 经验积累当然，计算松铺系数可不仅仅是靠公式，更多的还是经验积累。
就像老一辈的厨师，都是用手去感受食材的状态，时间久了，自然能做出一手好菜。
同样，施工人员在长期的工作中，也会对松铺系数有更直观的把握，做到心中有数。
4. 影响松铺系数的因素4.1 温度接下来，咱们得聊聊什么会影响这个松铺系数。
首先，温度是个大问题。
沥青混凝土在高温下会变得比较稀，松铺系数也会相应提高；而在低温下，它就比较稠，松铺系数则降低。
说白了，天气就像个调皮的小孩，时不时就来捣乱。
4.2 材料再者，使用的材料也是个关键。
中石化高级职称英语2024
中石化高级职称英语2024As a professional in the field of senior title English for China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), it is essential to continuously improve and enhance one's English language skills. The ability to communicate effectively in English is crucial for professionals in the globalized business environment. Sinopec, being a leading energy and chemical company in China, requires its employees to have a high level of proficiency in English, especially for those holding senior positions. Therefore, the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam is a significant milestone for professionals aiming to advance their careers within the company.From a personal perspective, preparing for the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam is a challenging yet rewarding experience. It requires a significant amount of dedication, time, and effort to study and improve one's English language skills to meet the high standards set by Sinopec. As a professional, the ability to communicate effectivelyin English not only opens up opportunities for careeradvancement within the company but also allows for better collaboration and communication with international partners and clients. Therefore, the exam holds great importance in my professional development and growth within Sinopec.From a professional perspective, achieving a high score in the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam is crucial for demonstrating one's proficiency in the English language. It is a reflection of one's ability to effectively communicate, negotiate, and collaborate in English, which are essential skills for senior positions within Sinopec. Moreover, ahigh score in the exam can also enhance one's credibility and reputation within the company, showcasing a commitmentto continuous improvement and excellence in professional development. Therefore, from a professional standpoint, the exam serves as a validation of one's language skills and competencies in the global business environment.From a company perspective, the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam is a way for Sinopec to ensure that its employees possess the necessary English language skills to thrive in an increasingly globalized and competitive industry. As aleading energy and chemical company, Sinopec operates on a global scale, requiring its employees to interact with international partners, clients, and stakeholders. Therefore, the exam serves as a means for the company to assess and validate the English language proficiency of its employees, ensuring that they can effectively represent the company on the international stage.From a broader societal perspective, the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam reflects the growing importance of English language proficiency in China's professional landscape. As the country continues to expand its global presence, proficiency in English has become a valuable asset for professionals across various industries. The exam serves as a testament to the increasing emphasis on English language skills in China, highlighting the need for professionals to adapt to the demands of the globalized business environment.In conclusion, the 中石化高级职称英语2024 exam holds significant importance from personal, professional, company, and societal perspectives. It represents a crucial opportunity for professionals within Sinopec to demonstratetheir English language proficiency, enhance their career prospects, and contribute to the company's success in the global market. As such, the exam serves as a reflection of the evolving professional landscape in China and the increasing importance of English language skills in the global business environment.。
中石化职称英语(高级含教授级)汉译英复习材料(通用+炼化工程)
U1 How to be happy1、吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和有很大影响。
Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset.2、在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪。
A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness.3、我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。
We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing.4、如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。
If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression.5、我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。
We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.U21、随着大量市民被迫迁到遥远的效外，汽车的需求量正在飞涨。
The demand for cars is soaring as growing numbers of citizens are pushed into distant suburbs.2、生态城市将把传统设计要素同最先进的绿色技术相结合。
The eco-city will combine elements of traditional design with the latest green technologies.3、预计到2010年将有一千辆燃料电池车投入使用，而到2012年将增至一万辆。
高级(含教授级)任职资格外语考试试卷--英语(综合)
中国石化集团公司2008年高级（含教授级）任职资格外语考试试卷英语（综合）（120分钟内完成）一、阅读理解（阅读短文，用英语简要回答问题，共25分）短文1（12.5分）Much of any manager’s times is taken up with meetings. There are meetings with colleagues to agree a course of action. There are meetings with superiors to report and to discuss future policies. There are meetings with subordinates. Many would say that there are far too many meetings: some would be even less polite. There can be no doubt that meetings are part of every manager’s life. He should know how to cope with them. He should know the techniques of communication in meetings. He should know how to use these techniques to his own advantages.It is sometimes suggested that when a manager can’t think what to do, he hold a meeting. But meetings in themselves are not an end product, no matter what some may think. They are merely one of many means of management communication. It may well be that a problem can be solved by a one-to-one discussion, or even by telephone. If the need can be met without a meeting, so be it.Let us therefore define a meeting, in the management sense, as the gathering together of a group of people for a controlled discussion, with a specific purpose. Each of those attending the meeting has a need to be there andboth discussion and its result could not be so well achieved in any other way. It is often advisable to calculate the cost of a meeting. Do not have unnecessary people sitting in at meetings and do ensure that all meetings are both efficient and effective.Questions:1.What is a meeting intended to be according to the passage?2.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?3.What should a manager know in meetings?4.When does a manager often hold a meeting?5.What is implied in the last few instances?短文2（12.5分）The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs?2. What does the word “economy” in the first paragraph mean?3. Why was it said in the second paragraph that the bread advertised was misleading?4. Explain the reason why fire insurance mentioned above is the positive advertising?5. According to the lecture what you should do when advertising is intended to appeal to you?二、英译汉（将下列短文译成汉语，共45分）短文1（20分）With the economic development and the increase of the population, we are faced with the lack of water supply. From a recent survey, it can be seen that the consumption of water all over the world has been remarkably raised compared with that of last year. Statistics also show that a lot of water resources such as lakes, rivers and oceans have been polluted seriously. As a result, there is less and less space for people to obtain enough healthy water. So it is high time for us to find a solution to the problem.There are two main ways to solve the problem. First, with the development of high technology new resources may be found and the present ones can be preserved effectively. Second, measures should be taken to restrain the increase of water consumption. For example, we can advocate the recycling of water in industry.Being one of those whose life has been threatened by the crisis, I wouldlike to do something helpful, such as not wasting water in daily life and spreading the idea of protecting environment. As long as we take it seriously, we will definitely overcome this difficulty.短文2（25分）This technology base led to many more fiber, plastic and elastomer products. By the 1960s, Du Pont comprised more than 50 businesses which were organized into 14 largely autonomous departments. About three quarters of the products were based on high polymers. Du Pont had grown through a combination of research and development, purchase of technology, and the driving force of market opportunity.By the early 1970s, it once again became necessary for Du Pont to look for new growth areas. It had strong commodity chemical businesses; a very large fibers business; leading positions in engineering plastics, packaging and engineering films; automotive paints; and numerous specialty and consumer products. But the company was already losing proprietary positions for many of the products it had invented. Companies in other countries became competitors in many product areas. The fibers business, which in the early 1970s accounted for a third of Du Pont’s sales, was cyclical and only marginally profitable in the down part of the business cycle. More than 80% of Du Pont’s product portfolio was dependent on petroleum-based raw materials, and it was hurt in the mid-1970s by the oil price volatility and the recession that followed the Arab oil embargo.三、汉译英（将下列句子、段落译成英语，共30分）1. 句子翻译（10分）（1）网络确实有问题，但情况却决非像媒体说的那么糟。
中石化高级职称考试英语复习题（可编辑）
中石化高级职称考试英语复习题英译汉There is an increase in damand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of our coun-trry. 译为：我国各地对各种消费品的需求量正大大增加。
We also realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize certain sectoymned to pur-sue it .译为我们也认识到越来越需要使某些经济部门工业化。
They are deeply convinced of the ourrectness of this pocicy and firmly determined to pur-sue it. 译为：我们深信这一政策是正确的，并有坚定的决心继续奉行这一政策。
Weseek a deep-rooted understanding through the multiplication of our economic, cultur-al,scientific , technical and human ties.译为：我们要通过加强我们之间的经济、文化、科学、技术和人员等方面的交流来加深彼此的了解。
Rockets heve found applications for zhe exploration of the universe 译为：火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
If we were ignorant of the structure of the atom ,it would be impossible for us to study nuclear physics 译为：如果我们不知道原子的结构，我们我们就不可能研究核子物理学。
Electronic control techniques can be designed to take full advantage of quick response in-herent in a gas turbine proulsion system译为：电子控制技术可以充分地利用燃气轮机推进系统固有的反应快的优点。
中石油职称英语考试大纲
中石油职称英语考试大纲(不断更新）附录1：晋升职称英语水平考试大纲一、等级的划分晋升职称英语水平考试共分为A、B两个等级。
申报高级职称的人员需参加A级考试，申报中级职称的人员需参加B级考试。
二、评价目标考试对应试者的英语词汇量、英语语法知识、阅读理解能力和翻译能力的要求分别如下：（一）词汇1、申报A级的人员应熟练认知5000个左右的单词和短语。
2、申报B级的人员应熟练认知4000个左右的单词和短语。
（二）语法知识应试者必须懂得英语基本语法结构和常用句型，能正确理解用这些结构和句型写成的句子。
1、名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法。
2、动词基本时态=语态的构成及其用法；3、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；4、常用连接词的词义及其用法；5、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法；6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法；7、各类从句（定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等）的基本用法及强调句型的结构；8、常用倒装句的结构。
（三）阅读理解能力应试者能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解英语书面材料。
阅读能力重要包括下列几个方面：1、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2、了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3、根据上下文判断某些词汇和短语的意义；4、既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的逻辑关系；5、根据所读材料进行一定的判断、推理和理解；6、领会作者的观点、意图和态度。
（四）翻译能力应试者应具备在词汇、语法、句型等方面综合运用语言的能力。
翻译文章难度相当于《通用英语选读》教材中课文的难度。
要求理解正确，译文达意，无重大语言错误。
三、题型、题量和计分题型、题量和所占分值如下表：题型分主观题型和客观题型。
第一部分为主观题型，第二部分为客观题型。
客观题占总分的80%，主观题占20%。
答题时间总计为120分钟。
第一部分、客观题。
本部分包括四种题型。
一、词汇本部分20 小题，每小题1分，共20分，主要考查单词和词组的用法。
要求应试者从每题四个选择项中选一最佳答案。
中石化职称英语作文范文
中石化职称英语作文范文英文回答：1. Describe your academic qualifications, work experience, and skills relevant to the position.I hold a Bachelor's degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Petroleum and has been working in the oil and gas industry for the past five years. During this time, I have gained extensive experience in various aspects of petroleum engineering, including drilling, production, and reservoir engineering. I am also proficient in using various engineering software, such as Petrel and Schlumberger's VIPER.2. Explain why you are interested in the position and how your qualifications and experience make you a suitable candidate.I am interested in the position of Petroleum Engineerat your company because it offers an excellent opportunity to further develop my skills and knowledge in the oil and gas industry. I am particularly interested in your company's commitment to sustainable energy development, and I believe that my skills and experience would be a valuable asset to your team.3. Describe your career goals and how this position aligns with them.My career goal is to become a lead engineer in the oil and gas industry. I believe that this position would provide me with the opportunity to develop the skills and experience necessary to achieve this goal.4. What are your strengths and weaknesses as an engineer?My strengths as an engineer include my stronganalytical skills, my ability to solve problems, and my teamwork skills. I am also a quick learner and am always willing to take on new challenges.My weakness is that I sometimes have difficulty meeting deadlines. However, I am working on improving my time management skills.5. What are your salary expectations?My salary expectations are in line with the industry average for a Petroleum Engineer with my experience.中文回答：1. 请简述你的学历、工作经验以及与该职位相关的技能。
08中石化高级职称外语-汉译英
用塑料可以制成各种各样的生活必需品 All sorts of necessaries of life can be made 16. 学习外国的经验，必须有分析、有批判地学，不能盲目地学 We must learn foreign of plastics 因为天气太糟，我们未能成行 Bad weather made us cancel our trip 通过进一步研究，科学家们推测存在着一种迄今为止尚未为人所知的粒子 Further investigation led the scientists to conjecture about the existence of a previously unknown particle 昨天他们表演得很成功 Their performance yesterday was very successful experience with an analytical and critical eye, not blindly 17. 不搞改革开放，不坚持开放政策，实现现代化的战略目标就不可能实现 We cannot reach our strategic goal of realizing modernization unless we carry out reforms and open and the door wide and adhere to the open policy 18. 如果从水中除去足够的热量，就可把水变成冰 The removal of enough heat from water may change it into ice
坚持实现四个现代化是社会主义建设的大方向 The general orientation of socialist 20. 使用电子显微镜，可以获得大得多的放大率 With the electron microscope much construction is to adhere to the realization of four modernizations 她最大的业余爱好是养花种草 To grow flowers/Growing flowers/Gardening is her favorite pastime 预计今年的工业产量可比去年增长百分之八 The industrial production this year is expected to increase by 8% over that of last year 目前，对各种消费品的需求已大大增加 Now there is a big increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods 重要的是，不要把中国搞成一个封闭性的国家 What is important is that we should never turn China back into a closed country 是否应继续使用这一方法，部分取决于是否还有其他形式的解决办法可供采用 The answer to the question of whether one should continue using the method depends in part on whether other forms of solutions are available 1. 这辆汽车的无线电收音机已经装好了 This automobile has been installed with a radio-set. 2. 这座大型水力发电站的供电量很大 This large hydroelectric power plant gives a large supply of power. 3. 一台典型的无线电发射机的功率是 100 千瓦 A typical radio transmitter has a power of 100 kilowatts. 4. 懒惰的人不会成功 Laziness makes success impossible. greater magnification can be obtained 乡镇企业的繁荣是我国农村改革的必然产物 The prosperity of township enterprises is the inevitable outcome of the economic reform in the rural areas 当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发展 Vocational education and adult education are being pushed on now energetically in our country 你我和其他任何人都没有看见 Neither you not I nor anybody else has seen it 不是你错就是我错 Either you are or I am wrong 当我去看她时，她总是在学习英语 She is always studying English when I visit her 他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学物质的爆炸 His absent-mindedness during the experiments nearly caused an explosion of the chemicals 到目前， 热加工和冷加工还在进行， 使材料的性能改善 Up to now ,hot-working and cold-working have been continued to improve the properties of materials 在实验开始以前， 一切器件都已准备好了 All the apparatus had been prepared before the experiment began 又有一座立交桥将于年底通车 Another flyover will be opened to traffic by the end of this year 那 个 城 市 因 地 震 而 遭 到 严 重 破 坏 The city suffered serious damage from the eaБайду номын сангаасthquake 介绍新书 recommend a new book
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UNIT 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). This week we look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient. 过去两周我们研究了一项幸福公式，这是由乐观心理学家马丁·塞利格曼定义的。
在这个公式中，H（幸福）=S（个人生理幸福感受的固定指数）+C（个人生活状态）+V（个人主观选择）。
本周我们将着眼于能提升幸福指数的生活状态。
Step 1: Peace and quiet Jonathon Haidt in his excellent book, The Happiness Hypothesis, notes that research shows that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. It is essential to have some peace and quiet every day. If you are unfortunate enough to live somewhere noisy, persist with complaining to your local council. Additionally, try wearing wax earplugs to have some respite. If you need your TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates altruism to your neighbours, which will make you and them feel good. 第一步：平和宁静乔纳森·海迪在他的优秀著作《幸福假说》当中提到，研究调查显示，我们不可能完全适应噪音污染，无论是新近的还是长期的。
巨大噪声会引发我们面对恐惧的某种本能反应（另一种是对于坠落的恐惧），如果周遭噪音喧闹，我们不可能完全放松。
每日保持平和与宁静事关重要。
如果你不幸生活在比较嘈杂的环境中，请一定要坚持去居委会投诉。
另外，尝试使用耳塞，可能会缓解噪声。
如果你需要用大音量看电视、听收音机或放音乐的话，记得戴上耳机，别影响邻里，这样可以使双方都感到舒适。
Step 2: Relationships This is the most important of all the external conditions that can improve your happiness quotient. Often our deepest sources of unhappiness are found in poor relationships with others. A cruelly conflictual relationship with a partner or lover leaves us feeling betrayed and abandoned. A relationship with our parents or children which is not based on compassionate, unconditional regard creates isolation and misery. When faced with such relationships, the most positive thing we can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on. 第二步：人际关系这是增加幸福指数的一条至关重要的外部条件。
我们感到不快乐的最深层原因，往往就是人际关系欠佳。
与搭档或者爱人的关系陷入激烈的冲突中，会让我们产生遭到背叛和遗弃的感觉。
父母和孩子之间如果缺乏同情心和无私关怀，会产生隔阂与痛苦。
当我们面临这类问题时，最好的办法就是直面难题，修复关系，或者学着继续前行。
Step 3: Share If you have discovered conditions or choices in life that have significantly improved your wellbeing, remember to share them with friends. Passing on what works is essential to improve the wellbeing of our own and others. 第三步：分享如果你发觉生活状态或者做的某项决定对幸福生活有重大帮助的话，记得与你的朋友们分享。
将有用的发现与更多人分享，这对增进自己的幸福和他人的幸福都有积极作用。
1.What's the happiness formula according to the passage?(The formula refers toH (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (theconditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make).)2. Why can we never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution?(Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise.)3. How could we make both ourselves and the neighbors feel good?(If we need our TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates our kindness andcan do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on.)1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。
Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset.2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedness)。
A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness.3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。
We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing.4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。
If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression.5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。
We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.There are many benefits to being happy. Happier people tend to be healthier, live longer and eam more. They also tend to volunteer more, be better at relationships and smile more of w hat psychologists call “Duchenne" or genuine smiles. What is less well understood is why happiness is contagious. 幸福有许多好处。
越幸福的人往往越健康、越长寿、挣的钱越多。
他们通常也会从事更多的志愿工作、更善于处理人际关系、发出更多心理学家所说的“杜兴微笑”，即真诚的微笑。
我们了解不深的是，为什么幸福可以传染。
According to James Fowler and Nicholas Christakis, authors of the international bestseller Connected, people surrounded by many happy friends, family members and neighbours who are central to their social network become significantly happier in the future. More specificallyi they say we will become 25 per cent happier with our life if a friend who lives within a mile of us becomes significantly happier with his or her life. 全球畅销书《关联》的作者詹姆斯·福勒和尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯发现，如果你身边那些重要的人际网络中有许多幸福的朋友、家人与邻居，那么你将也会很幸福。