语法知识—名词的分类汇编含答案
(完整版)英语语法之名词
一、名词的分类1、专有名词：指某人，某地，某机构等专有的名称，其首字母要大写。
如HongKong, China,Bill Clinton,Red Cross2、普通名词：可数名词：个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如 student,book集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family,school, group, people不可数名词：物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：cotton,air,tea抽象名词：表示抽象概念，如 :work，happiness,news二、名词的复数可数名词有单、复数形式，其复数的构成规则如下：1、绝大多数在词尾加s。
如：book,books;bag,bags;cup,cups;face,faces.2、以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的名词加es。
如：watch,watches;brush,brushes;hero,heroes;class,classes;下列以o结尾的词加s构成复数：piano , photo ,radio ,zoo, bamboo ,kilo3、以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，将y改为i，再加es。
例如：baby,babies;family,families;以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，直接加s。
例如：boy,boys;key,keys4、以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe改为v，再加es构成复数形式，如：leaf,leaves; wife,wives.但有些以f结尾的名词，是在f后加s构成复数，常见的有：roof,chief,belief,gulf等。
个别的两种方式都可以，如handkerchief’s,handkerchieves5、少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，要一一背记：man→men; woman→women; Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;tooth→teeth; child→children; mouse→mice少数名词的单、复数形式相同，如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer, fish, means (注:fishes表不同种类的鱼)6、复合名词：A.含man或woman的复合名词，两部分都变为复数形式。
初中语文语法知识——词性归纳和练习(含答案)
初中语文知识——词的分类（词性介绍）一. 词性分类：实词：表示实在意义的词，有名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。
虚词：不表示实在意义而表示语法意义的词，有：副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词、拟声词。
二、具体定义和例子：1.【名词】是表示人或事物名称的词。
又称体词。
实词的一种。
如：中国、世界、成果、效率、品德、父亲、主人、老李、疯子、错儿、孩子们等。
名词可以分为以下次类：个体名词，又叫可数名词。
如：（一本）书、（三朵）花、（五条）河。
集合名词，不能加个体量词，与集合量词或不定量词"对，批，部分，些"等搭配，如：（一对）夫妇、（一部分）船只、（一些）车辆。
专有名词，如：北京、天安门、孔子、长江。
时间名词，如：春天、上午、现在、立春、星期二、刚才。
处所名词，如：颐和园、商店、亚洲、北京、中国。
方位词，如：东、西、上、里、前、内。
名词的主要语法特点：（1）不能用"不"来否定，如不能说"不帽子"。
（2）在句中经常充当主语、宾语、定语。
时间和处所名词可以做状语，如：小李昨天迟到了。
（3）名词一般不能重叠，只有带有量词性质的名词才可以重叠，如：人、年、天。
2.【动词】是表示人、事物的运动或相互作用的词（表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动的词）。
动词可分为：及物动词和不及物动词。
能够带宾语的动词是及物动词，如：吃、打、敲、写，它们的宾语可以出现，也可以不出现。
也有一部分动词必须带宾语，如：费（劲）、顾全（大局）。
不及物动词不可带宾语，如：咳嗽、休养、毕业。
心理活动动词。
这类动词可以受"很、太"一类程度副词的修饰。
如：爱，想，同意，赞成，怀疑。
判断动词。
最主要的就是"是"，表示判断或肯定。
在表示判断时，"是"后边的成分是"判断宾语"，例如："我是中国人。
"能愿动词，又叫助动词，表示行为状况的可能性或意愿性。
(完整版)初中语法训练之名词(含练习题及答案)
初中语法之名词掌握要点:名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数 1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2)可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式:’s所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1.专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名）、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese。
I will go to the Great Wall on Monday。
2.普通名词：包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例： sister、table、bike、window可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例： water、air、wood不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例： danger、interest区分方法:将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。
注：有些单词意义发生变化,单复数也发生变化，例:glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。
身兼二职的名词对照表二、名词的单复数形式（1) 规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或—es1、一般情况在词尾直接加s ，例 bags。
2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加—es,例bus-buses box—boxes。
3、以“辅音字母+y"结尾的词，y变成i加—es 例 city-cities；以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加s.4、以o结尾的除potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿)、hero（英雄)加es，其余直接加s.5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es，roof、proof直接加—s,例 life-lives wife—wives roof –roofs。
中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格课件(含答案)
—They are very beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful__________.( C )
A. instruction
B． description
C． collection
3．(2016·中考改编)—My favorite TV________is A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国)．
物质 名词
抽象 名词
食物 饮料 自然物质 情感 概念 学科，语言
bread，meat，rice，cheese，fish，beef water，tea，coffee，wine，milk，cola wood，sand，soil，air friendship，peace，joy，love news，population maths，physics，geography，English
第三篇 语法知识专题
第一节 名词/名词所有格
名词 (一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名，事物， China，the Great 地名，组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可
数
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
表个别人或事物的名称 表若干人或事物的名称 表物质或材料的名称 表感情等抽象概念的名称
情况
特殊 名词
构成方法 变内部元音
单复数同形 完全不规则
例词 man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—
teeth Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish (中国人和日本人喜爱绵羊、鹿和鱼) penny—pence，child—children，mouse—mice
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—名词的分类汇编含答案解析
一、选择题1．—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car?—Yes. It’s said that_________is enough.A．two hours drive B．two-hours driveC．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive2．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow.A．May B．July C．September D．November 3．There are two________ near our school.A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come.A．leaves B．leaf C．leafs D．leafes5．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; anyC．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other6．—Why do you get up so early?—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A．fifty-minutes B．fifty minute’s C．fifty-minute’s D．fifty minutes’7．Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.A．Germen; Japanese B．Frenchmen; Japaneses C．Germans; Japanese 8．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny9．My mother often________when she was a young girl.A．keep diaries B．keep diary C．kept diaries D．kept diary 10．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?—He can join the ______ club.A．sport B．musicC．sports D．swimming11．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikesC．are; the bike D．is; bikes12．________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A．The number of; lost B．The number of; losing C．A number of; loseD．A number of; loss13．—What is your _______, Lingling?—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.A．interests; interesting B．interests; interestC．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest14．—________ shows are getting more and more popular.—That's true. And many people are truly________.A．Talent; talent B．Talent; talented C．Talented; talented D．Talented; talent 15．_____________ mother usually cooks for ___________ at the weekend.A．Lily’s and Nick’s; them B．Lily and Nick’s; themC．Lily and Nick’s; their D．Lily and Nick; their16．I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color. A．Lucy's and Lily's B．Lucy and Lily's C．Lucy and Lily D．Lucy's and Lily 17．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner?—I have some____________, And I like them very much.A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 18．She ______ her______every evening at home.A．does；homework B．does；homeworksC．do；homework D．do；homeworks19．—May I take your order，sir? —________.A．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of ricesB．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of riceC．Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of ricesD．Chickens with vegetables and two bowls of rices20．—Is that your schoolbag?—No, it isn’t. It’s _____.A．her. B．Bob’s C．Bob D．him 21．(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A．children B．children's C．child D．child's 22．As we know, China was the first country in the world________.A．make papers B．to make papers C．to make paper 23．This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A．Bob B．Smith C．Bob Smith24．Is that your ________?A．a picture B．photos C．photoes D．picture 25．—Look.There’re lots of______here.—Great.We can make______soup.A．egg；egg B．eggs；eggC．egg；eggs D．eggs；eggs【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——从苏州到上海乘坐汽车是非常便利的吗？——是的。
高中英语语法专题：名词(含答案)
导学案【词汇串烧】Fall in Love with EnglishHiding behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager pack ed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this because he was tired of his parents’ nagging about his English study and did not want to go through it any longer. He couldn’t get along well with English and dislike d join ing in English classes because he thought his teacher ignore d him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never add ed up to over 60.His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly what he was suffer ing from, but entirely disagree d with his idea. In order to calm him down and settle his problem, she talked with him face to face and swap ped a series of learning tip s with him. The item s she set down helped him find the highway to studying English well.The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recover ed from being upset and has fall en in love with English.爱上英语有个少年躲在积满灰尘的松散窗帘后把大衣装入手提箱。
语法知识—名词的全集汇编附答案
一、选择题1. A.2. A. I _________ t o be popular in school, but now I get __________ wasn't used; many B. didn't use; tons of Is it a picture ___________ your school?ofattention everywhere I go. C. used not; many3. ThoseA. C・ 4.B ・to C. and D. with pIans for the holiday sound great. How about _________________ girl's; yoursB • girls'; you girls; your D. girls'; yours —Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a. off? Oh, thafs great! holiday—You mean you can have A ・ C・ A. three-day; three days B. three- day; three days' three days'; three-day D. three days; three days Here some of the results. Most students think ________________ a re cheaper than cars. B. are; bikes is; the bike C ・ are; the bike Do you know the threeD. is; bikes under the tree? Their mothers are all in our school. A. C ・ 7- boy students; woman teachers boys students; women teachers —How much are the? B. boy students; women teachers boys students; woman teachers 8. A. Eight yuan a kilo.broccoli B. potatoes In fact （事实上L she ________________________ many doesn't has; toies B. don't has; toies C.C ・ beefD ・ bread doesn't have; toys D. don't have; toys I guess Lucy's and Lily's B ・ Lucy and Lily's 10. —Let's ____________________ s ome salad. A. bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color. Lucy and Lily C. D. Lucy's and Lily —Sorry, I don't like __________________ . A. have; them B. to have; it 11. I share my room______________ a friend of C. have; it D. to have ： them A. to, me B. with, mine C. with, me D. from, mine wild animals are disappearing because of the A. The number of; lost B ・ The number of; losingD. A number of; loss your reading speed, or you can't finish the Engtish read!ng materials in 12. 13.of their living areas, C. A number of; lose limited time. A. Increase; 100 minutes' B. To increase; a lOO-minute C. Increasing; lOO-minutes'14. That is my _______________ a nd my A. desk; books are on it.B. desks; bookC. desks; booksD. desk, book15. —What do animats eat?18. —What would you like for breakfast? —I'd like ____________________ .A. tomato noodle6. tomato noodlesmothers work in the same hospital.A. Tim's and Peter's B ・ Tim's and Peter C. Tim and Peteros D. Tim and Peter【参考答案】♦杯试卷处理标记，请不要删除-X 选择题1. B—Some eat and some eat A. C ・ meat Jeafsmeat JeavesB. meats, leafs D ・ meats Jeaves 16. Some bananasare; are ___ in the bag. Some mutton ____________ B. is; is C. are; is on the table. D. is; are17. —May I take your order, sir? —A ・ B. C ・ D. Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices Chickenwith vegetables and two bowls of rice Chickens withvegetable and two bowl of rices Chickens with vegetablesand two bowls of ricesC ・ tomatoes noodleD ・ tomatoes noodles everyone with kindness even those who are impolite to you. Remember: not because they are worth it, but because you are nice.一 Everyone should treat others with ________________ •A. To treat ： warmlyB ・ Treat; warmth 20. —What're these19- C. Treating; warm English? —They are_A. at; knifesB. in; knivesC. in, knifes 21. A number of will take part in the sports meeting and the number of themover 300. A. students; areB ・ student; are C. students; is 22. 23 ・ He has over 20 years teachingA. experience ： experienceC. experieneed; experience24. Mary, ptease get some ______________A ・ -1 bet he is quite ____________ • 8 • experience; experienced D. experienced; experienced for me. 25. C ・ orangeB ・ pear —Is this room yours? —No, it's not mine; Lily's and Lucy's my; theirsC. tomato•It'sB ・ my; Li ly a nd Lucy'sD. mine; Sally's【分析】【详解】句意：我过去在学校不受欢迎，但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。
中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)
5. Your mother cooks nice __________. I like it very much.A. breadB. beefsC. eggsD. dumplings6.-How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games? -Why not search the Internet?A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success7.______ about the sports meeting make us excited.A. NewsB. InformationC. MessagesD. Advice8.The Belt and Road initiative(一带一路倡议) will help China improve ______ with lots of countries.A. relationshipB. agreementC. environmentD. progress3.名词的所有格: 在英语中,有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词,常在词尾加's 表示所属关系,叫做名词的所有格。
翻译成:"的"。
如:Tom's bike (汤姆的单车)。
名词的所有格例词、例句①直接在词尾加's Kate's bag, Children's Day, Women's Day②以s结尾的名词所有格,在词尾加' Teachers' Day, students' books③表示两人共同拥有的人或物,在后一个人名后加's Lucy and Lily's mother (共同的妈妈)④表示两人分别拥有的人或物,则两个人名后都要加's Tom's and Jim's rooms (各自的房间)⑤表某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时,所有格后面的名词常常省略at the doctor's(在医务室); at Tom's (在汤姆的家)⑥表示无生命名词的所有格,用of 表达the door of the room, the color of the clothes⑦双重所有格:用's所有格/名词性物主代词与of 所有格相结合。
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一、选择题1．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?—It’s about ________ drive.A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hoursC．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour2．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King?—No, only part of them.A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’3．Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come.A．leaves B．leaf C．leafs D．leafes4．—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey.—Thank you.A．mind travelling B．minds travellingC．mind to travel D．minds to travel5．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; anyC．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 6．There________some water in the bottle.A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 8．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days9．—Look.There’re lots of______here.—Great.We can make______soup.A．egg；egg B．eggs；eggC．egg；eggs D．eggs；eggs10．Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles.A．tomato and egg B．tomato and eggsC．tomatoes and eggs D．tomatoes and egg11．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 12．-Can I help you?-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.A．a small bar of B．a slice of C．a large bag of D．a piece of13．I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color.A．Lucy's and Lily's B．Lucy and Lily's C．Lucy and Lily D．Lucy's and Lily 14．—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A．twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B．twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC．twins'; Liz and Lillie's D．twin's; Liz and Lillie's15．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________ limited time.A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’16．—What do animals eat?—Some eat_______ and some eat_______.A．meat ,leafs B．meats, leafsC．meat ,leaves D．meats ,leaves17．I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.A．to visit, my B．visiting my C．to visit, mine D．visiting, my 18．—May I take your order，sir? —________.A．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of ricesB．Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of riceC．Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of ricesD．Chickens with vegetables and two bowls of rices19．One of the ________ was late for the game yesterday.A．plays B．player C．playing D．players20．I want to buy ________.A．a bread B．some breads C．two piece of bread D．two bags of bread 21．Can you tell me the ________ habits of the butterflies?A．living B．live C．lives D．lived 22．Animals are our ________, and we should be ________ to them.A．friend; friendly B．friends; friendly C．friendly; friends D．friendly; friend 23．This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.A．Africa; Africa B．African; AfricaC．Africa; African D．African; African24．Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.A．conditions B．situations C．events D．positions25．I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A．sandwiches B．potatoes C．water D．bread【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——从无锡到上海有多远？——大约两小时的车程。
考查特殊疑问句及回答。
How long多长，询问时间或物体的长度；how far多远，询问距离。
根据“from Wuxi to Shanghai”可知，询问两地间的距离，故用How far，句型为How far is it from…to…? 表示“从……到……有多远？”，排除A、D。
第二空后drive是不可数名词，意为“车程”；“两小时的车程”可表达为two hours’ driv e或two-hour drive。
故选C。
2．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——金老师，你知道你们班所有学生的名字吗？——不，只有一部分。
考查名词所有格。
此处有names名词，表示“姓名”，可知前面填写形容词或者名词修饰names。
根据句意，此处填写“学生们的”。
根据“names”可知，是复数形式，所以学生也应该用复数。
students' 表示“学生们的”，故选D。
【点睛】名词所有格是在名词后加“'s”来表示所有关系。
主要的使用方法如下：1）单数名词词尾加“'s”，复数名词词尾没“s”，也要加“'s”。
2）名词已有复数词尾“s”，只加“ ' ”。
3）凡不能加“'s”的名词，也可以用“名词+of +名词”的结构来表示所有关系。
4）在表示店铺的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面可以省略名词，通常前要加the。
5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有“'s”，则表示“分别有”；只有一个“'s”，则表示“共有”。
6）复合名词或短语的“'s”加在最后一个名词的词尾。
如本题符合第2）条规则，表示“学生们的”，就用“students'”。
答题时可以运用排除法，逐个筛选，选出正确答案。
3．B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：看地上的叶子，它告诉我们秋天已经来了。
考查名词。
leaf叶子，单数；leaves树叶，复数，根据所给空后面的it’s telling us可知，应该用的是可数名词单数，故选B。