人教版选修八第一单元词汇学习(最新整理)
2023年选修八unit1知识点
选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity 单元要点预览（意在让同学整体理解本单元要点）语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(意在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅱ.词性变化（意在提供语法填空所需材料）Ⅲ.重点词汇（意在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大旳, 重要旳；主修, 专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)[典例]1).A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
2).The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个提议。
[重点使用方法]be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方旳票数2.applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v.申请；运用, 合用[典例]1).We had 250 applicants for the job.有250人申请这份工作。
2).As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job.由于工资低, 没有什麽人申请这份工作。
[重点使用方法]apply for... 申请……apply to... 合用……fill in the application form for sth.填写……申请表[练习] 根据句子旳规定在括号里填入合适旳词或翻译。
1).Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.2).This rule can’t be applied ________ (介词) every case.3).You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.4).The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (合用) married men only.Keys: 1).applicants 2).to 3).apply for 4).apply to3.occur vi.发生；出现；存在[典例]1).The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off.这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。
英语选修8人教新课标Unit1同步课件单词和词汇详细讲解32张
即学即用 (1)他们去了西部地区，决心去适应新生活。
They went to the West and decided to make a life there . (2)他靠卖菜为生。 He earned/made a/his living by selling vegetables. (3)救援队使婴儿苏醒过来了。 The rescue team brought the baby back to life .
即学即用 (1)他一定是用他在墨西哥的经历来欺骗我们。
He certainly took us in with his stories about his experiences in Mexico. (2)这种布料吸水很好。 This kind of cloth takes in water easily. (3)学英语占去了我大量的时间。 Learning English takes up a lot of my time. (4)这座城市呈现出节日的气氛。 The city took on a festive air. (5)汤姆在其父亲去世后接管了那个农场。 Tom took over the farm when his father died.
或 It is possible that... ;probable只能用 It is probable that...句型。
2. ...,it was the building of the rail
network from the west to the east coast
that brought even larger numbers to
The accident occurred at five o’clock.
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit1 A land of diversity-词汇篇(学生版)
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit1 A land of diversity-词汇篇（学生版）第1讲A land of diversity 词汇篇____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________1.熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。
一. 重点词汇1. distinction n.差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a distinction between 对……加以区分win a distinction for 因……而获功勋without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地拓展:distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。
You should make your writing distinct. 你应该把字写清楚。
2. means n. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
Radio and television are important means of communication. 无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。
Please find an alternative means of transport. 请另外找一种运输方式。
Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。
人教版新目标高中英语选修8词组归纳总结
路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索- 百度文库选修8 Unit 1 重点单词一、重点单词1.means. n. 手段；方法2.slavery. n. 受奴役的状态；奴隶制3.majority. n. 大多数；大半4.immigration. n. 移居入境；移民5.percentage. n. 百分比；百分率6.aircraft. n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机7.mix. vt. 混合；拌和 n. 混合；结合8.mixture. n. 混合；混合状态；混合物9.nationality. n. 国籍；民族10.racial. adj. 人族的；种族的11.applicant. n. 申请人12.socialist. n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj. 社会主义的13.occur. vi. 发生；出现14.central. adj. 中心的；中央的；主要的15.indicate. vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示16.swap. vi&vt. 交换17.apparent. adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的18.apparently. adv. 显然地；显而易见的19.slip. vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑动；滑倒20.ferry. n. 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运21.hire. vt&n. 租用；雇佣22.insert. vt. 插入；嵌入23.react. vi. 作出反应；回应二、重点短语1.by means of 用……方法；借助……2.in addition 而且3.declare war on ……向……宣战4.take in 包括；吸收5.a great/good many 许多，很多6.at various times 在不同时代7. make a life (for sb.) 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生8. keep up 保持；继续9.ger/have a good view of 好好欣赏……10.team up with 与……合作或一起工作11.mark out 划线；标出……界线12. It occurs to sb that （某人）想到13. a great/good many 许多；很多14. live on 继续存在，继续生存15.elect sb to be 选举某人做16.a large percentage of 大部分17. keep up 坚持，维持，沿袭18. back to back 背靠背19.hire a boat by the hour 按小时雇船20. apply for 申请，请示得到21.have a good grasp of 彻底理解选修8 Unit 2一、重点单词1. differ vi.不同：相异2. exact adj. 准确的，精确的：精密的3. commercial adj. 商业的：贸易的4. straightforward adj. 简单的：直接的：坦率的5. undertake vt.着手：从事：承担6. breakthrough n. 突破7. disturbing adj. 烦扰的8. arbitrary adj.任意的9. altogether adv. 总共：完全地10. object vi.不赞成：反对11. moral adj.道德上的：伦理的12. forbid vt. 禁止：不准13. accumulate vt. 积累：聚积14. shortly adv.立刻：不久15. bother v./n. 打扰：操心/烦扰16. assumption n.假定：设想17. regulation n.规则：规章：法规18. extinct adj.灭绝的：绝种的19. resist vt.抵抗：对抗20. merely adv. 仅：只：不过21. decoration n. 装饰22. unable adj. 不能的：不会的23. argument n. 论据：论点：争论24. obtain vt. 获得：得到25. identical adj. 同一的：一模一样的二、重点短语1 (sb. be) cast down (by) 使沮丧2 object to sth./sb. 不赞成，反对3 in favor of 赞成，同意，支持，看中，选中4 (be) bound to (do) 一定，注定（做）...5 from time to time 不时，偶尔6 bring back to life 使复生7 pay off （无被动）得到好结果，取得成功，奏效，偿清，付清8 have an impact on 对...有影响9 pass on …to 将...传给...10 take turns to do sth. 轮流干某事11 experiment with 进行...的试验12 give birth to 生，使诞生13 look back on 回顾选修8 Unit 3一、重点单词1．discovery n. 发现；发觉2．patent n.专利证书；专利发明3．distinguish vi&vt显示…的差别；使…有所不同；辨别4．product n. 产品5．powder n.粉末；火药6．abrupt adj.突然的；意外的7．convenient adj.便利的；方便的8．expectation n.预料；期望9．monitor vt. n.监控;班长；监听器；监视器10．passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的11．valid adj.有效的；确凿的12．application n.申请；请求；实施13．file n.文件；档案；文件夹，把…归档；提交14．Bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担15．jam n.堵塞；阻塞；果酱16．mess n.脏乱的状态；杂乱17．dot n. vt.点；小圆点，以小圆点标出；分散18．tap vt. n.轻打；轻拍；轻敲，轻轻地敲击；龙头19．wire n.金属丝；电线20．current n. /adj.电流；现在的；当前的21．importance n.重要性22．stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的23．practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的24．court n.法庭；法院；朝廷25．version n. 版本；译本二、重点短语1. now and then 偶尔；有时2. get rid of 除去；除掉3. set about doing 开始；着手4. in case （以防）万一5. set out to do 开始（做）6. be aware of 意识到7. in truth 的确；事实上8. out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障9. get through 设法联系上；做完，通过10. ring back 回复电话11. call up 给……打电话12. dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入13. hang on / hold on 不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等14. ring off 挂断电话15. out of order 次序颠倒16. get through 设法联系上17. ring back 回复电话18. ring off/ hang up 挂断电话19. distinguish… from 把...与...加以区分20. stainless steel 不锈钢21. cube meter 立方米22. be convenient to sb 对某人方便23. in expectation of 在预料中24. seize sb by 抓住某人某处25. on file 存档26. a freezing morning 寒冷的早晨27. can’t bear doing/ to do 不能忍受28. Lantern Festival 元宵节29. associate with 把...和...联系30. be competent in 在...能胜任选修8 Unit 4一、重点单词1. adaptation n.适应（性）；改编本2. plot n.情节；阴谋3. hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇4. uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的5. troublesome adj.带来麻烦的；使人心烦的6. outcome n.结果；效果7. mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的8. brilliant adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的9. classify vt.编排；分类；归类10. betray vt.显露出（本来面目）；背叛11. dismiss vt.开除；让……离开12. condemn vt.谴责；使……注定13. acquaintance n.相识；了解；熟人14. fortune n.机会；运气；大笔的钱15. upper adj.(位置或地位)较高的；级别较高的16. status n. 身份；地位；职位17. superior adj.优秀的；优等的；较高的；上级的 n.上级；长官18. antique adj.古时的；（因古老、稀少而）珍贵的文物；古董；古玩19. musical adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的 n.音乐戏剧20. compromise n.&vi.妥协；折衷21. horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的；令人不愉快的22. disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的23. overlook vt.俯视；未看到；忽视；不理会24. fade vi.&vt.（使）褪色，减弱；逐渐消失25. classic adj.经典的；第一流的 n.经典著作26. effective adj.有效的二、重点短语1. hold up 举起；阻搁；阻挡2. make one’s acquaintance 结识；与…相见3. in amazement 惊愕地4. in term of …就……来说；从……角度5. show …in带或领……进来6. the other day 几天前7. take away 带走；取走8. once more 再一次9. in need of…需要……10. take…for认为…是…；误以为11. take down 写下；记下12. pass…off as… (某人)冒充……13. fade out (声音，画面)逐渐模糊，渐淡14. generally speaking 一般说来15. hesitate at sth / about doing/ to do 对做 ...犹豫不决16. in disguise 伪装，假扮17. be classified into 被分成18. betray to 背叛，泄漏19. condemn sb for sth 因…谴责某人20. condemn sb to do 使…命中注定21. a handful of money 一把钱22.make a fortune 发财21. be superior to 比…优秀22.rob sb of sth 抢某人的东西23.reach a compromise on sth 就...达成妥协选修8 Unit 5一、重点单词1. alternative n. 可能的选择；选择对象 adj. 供选择的；其他的2. accuracy n. 精确：准确3. interrupt vi. 打断…讲话；打岔 vt. 暂时中断或中止4. assume vt. 假定；设想5. sharpen vt.&vi. （使）锋利，尖锐，清晰6. ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的7. primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的8. preserve vt. 保持；保存；保藏n. 禁猎地9. analysis n. （pl.analyses）分析10. specific adj. 详细而精确的；确切的；特定的；具体的11. specifically adv. 确切地；具体地；特别地12. significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义13. somehow adv. 以…方式；不知怎么地14. systematic adj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的15. radioactive adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的16. radioactivity n. 放射性17. applaud vt.&vi. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏18. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速；促进19. arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引 n. 逮捕；拘留20. dizzy adj. 晕眩的；昏迷的；使人发晕或困惑的21. relief n.（痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物22. affection n. 恋爱；喜爱23. affectionate adj. 充满深情的；有爱心的24. patient adj. 耐心的；忍耐的25. skilful adj.（英）有技巧的：熟练的（~美~skillful）26. punctuation n. 标点符号二、重点短语1.have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事2. regardless of 不管；不顾3. keep out…阻止…进入4. cut up 切碎5. look ahead 向前看；为未来打算6. pronounced French accent 明显的法国口音7. be fed up with=be tired of 受够了，厌烦8. arrest one’s attention吸引某人注意力9. arrest sb for sth 因…而逮捕某人10. date back to\from 追溯到11. show sb around 带领某人参观12. an amount of 大量13. look ahead 向前看14.go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧15. at most 至多，最多16. three centimeters long 三厘米长17.assume that=assuming=on the assumption that 假设，假定18.ahead of time \schedule=in advance提前19. up to date 现代，最新20. out of date 过时，陈旧。
人教版 高中英语选修8单词表
人教版高中英语选修8单词表Unit 1-A Lasting Reputation1.affectionate - adj. 深情的；挚爱的2.clarify - v. 澄清；阐明3.consensus - n. 一致；共识4.credibility - n. 可靠性；信誉5.dedicate - v. 奉献；致力于6.devote - v. 献身；专心于7.diligent - adj. 勤奋的；辛勤的8.heritage - n. 遗产；传统9.integrity - n. 正直；诚实10.legacy - n. 遗产；遗址11.prestigious - adj. 有威望的；有声望的12.renowned - adj. 著名的；有声望的13.reputable - adj. 可信任的；有声望的14.resolute - adj. 坚决的；果断的15.sincere - adj. 真挚的；诚恳的Unit 1-B Rags to Riches1.accumulate - v. 积累；堆积2.ambitious - adj. 有雄心的；有志向的3.aspire - v. 渴望；追求4.attribute - v. 归因于；把…归咎于5.depict - v. 描绘；描述6.destiny - n. 命运；天数7.encounter - v. 遭遇；偶然相遇8.entrepreneur - n. 企业家；创业者9.foster - v. 培养；促进10.ingenious - adj. 巧妙的；独创的11.persevere - v. 坚持；不屈不挠12.prestigious - adj. 有威望的；有声望的13.resolute - adj. 坚决的；果断的14.self-reliant - adj. 自立的；依靠自己的15.vibrant - adj. 充满活力的；生机勃勃的Unit 2-A Pushing the Limits1.breakthrough - n. 突破；突破性发展2.collaboration - n. 合作；协作3.dedication - n. 奉献；投入4.embark - v. 从事；着手5.enhance - v. 提高；增强6.exploit - v. 开发；利用7.generosity - n. 慷慨；大方8.holistic - adj. 整体的；全面的9.innovate - v. 创新；革新10.perseverance - n. 毅力；坚持11.potential - adj. 潜在的；可能的12.quest - n. 探索；追求13.reputable - adj. 可信任的；有声望的14.surpass - v. 超过；胜过15.unparalleled - adj. 无比的；无与伦比的Unit 2-B Redefining Success1.authentic - adj. 真实的；真正的2.be inclined to - 倾向于…3.be subject to - 受…影响4.conformity - n. 一致；遵从5.detrimental - adj. 有害的；不利的6.foster - v. 培养；促进7.integrity - n. 正直；诚实8.intrinsic - adj. 内在的；本质的9.notion - n. 概念；观念10.perspective - n. 角度；观点11.priority - n. 优先权；优先考虑的事12.pursue - v. 追求；追求13.redefine - v. 重新定义14.resilient - adj. 有弹性的；适应力强的15.ultimate - adj. 终极的；最终的Unit 3-A Building Bridges1.barrier - n. 障碍；屏障2.collaborate - v. 合作；协作3.consensus - n. 一致；共识4.contribute - v. 贡献；有助于5.diversity - n. 多样性；差异6.empathy - n. 同情；共鸣7.facilitate - v. 促进；帮助8.harmonious - adj. 和谐的；一致的9.inclusive - adj. 包容的；包括的10.incentive - n. 激励；刺激11.initiative - n. 倡议；主动性12.mediate - v. 调解；斡旋14.respective - adj. 各自的；各自的15.tolerant - adj. 宽容的；容忍的Unit 3-B Bridging the Generation Gap1.acknowledge - v. 承认；认可2.appreciate - v. 欣赏；感激3.clash - v. 发生冲突；争执4.conflict - n. 冲突；争执5.conventional - adj. 传统的；常规的6.generation - n. 一代人；产生7.lifespan - n. 寿命；使用期限8.maturity - n. 成熟；完备9.minimal - adj. 最小的；最低限度的11.reflect - v. 反映；映出12.stereotype - n. 刻板印象；老套13.substantial - adj. 大量的；实质的14.transition - n. 过渡；转变15.values - n. 价值观；价值体系Unit 4-A Cyber Crime1.anonymity - n. 匿名；无名状态2.breach - n. 违背；违反3.cyberbullying - n. 网络欺凌；网络霸凌4.deceive - v. 欺骗；蒙蔽5.fraud - n. 欺诈；骗局6.hack - v. 入侵；破解7.illegal - adj. 非法的；违法的8.insecure - adj. 不安全的；不可靠的9.malicious - adj. 恶意的；恶毒的10.password - n. 密码；通行证11.privacy - n. 隐私；私密性12.protect - v. 保护；防护13.security - n. 安全；保卫14.theft - n. 盗窃；偷窃行为15.vulnerable - adj. 脆弱的；易受伤的Unit 4-B Artificial Intelligence1.autonomous - adj. 自主的；独立的prehensive - adj. 全面的；综合的3.ethical - adj. 道德的；伦理的4.facilitate - v. 促进；帮助5.interaction - n. 互动；交流6.manipulate - v. 操纵；控制7.potential - adj. 潜在的；可能的8.predict - v. 预测；预言9.prioritize - v. 优先考虑；优先处理10.programming - n. 编程；程序设计11.simulate - v. 模拟；仿真12.virtual - adj. 虚拟的；实质上的13.visualize - v. 想象；可视化14.widespread - adj. 广泛的；普遍的15.workshop - n. 研讨会；讲习班Unit 5-A Pop Culture1.accessible - adj. 可达到的；易接近的2.censorship - n. 审查制度；审查3.contemporary - adj. 当代的；现代的4.diverse - adj. 多样的；不同的5.exclusively - adv. 专门地；独占地6.genre - n. 类型；体裁7.influence - n. 影响；势力8.intriguing - adj. 引人入胜的；有趣的9.mainstream - adj. 主流的；主导的10.media - n. 媒体；媒介11.phenomenon - n. 现象；非凡的人或事12.platform - n. 平台；讲台13.promote - v. 促进；推广14.trendy - adj. 时髦的；潮流的15.visual - adj. 视觉的；视觉表现的Unit 5-B Fan Culture1.celebrity - n. 名人；名流2.fanatic - n. 狂热者；狂热爱好者3.fandom - n. 粉丝圈；追星族群4.idolize - v. 崇拜；偶像化5.obsession - n. 痴迷；沉迷6.perceive - v. 察觉；感知7.phenomenon - n. 现象；非凡的人或事8.possess - v. 拥有；具备9.pursue - v. 追求；追寻10.relate - v. 联系；有关11.rivalry - n. 竞争；敌对12.socialize - v. 社交；交际13.spectator - n. 观众；旁观者14.trend - n. 趋势；潮流15.virtual - adj. 虚拟的；实质上的以上是人教版高中英语选修8单词表，希望对您有帮助！。
(完整版)高中英语_人教版_选修8_Unit1_重点词组整理.docx
Unit 1A land of diversityReading: CALIFORNIAthe third largest state第三大洲the distinction of 有⋯⋯的特征the most multicultural state最具多元化的洲live on 存在；靠⋯⋯生活It’s likely that ⋯⋯很有可能⋯⋯by means of用⋯⋯法；借助⋯⋯a land bridge大in prehistoric times在史前期after the arrival of在⋯⋯到来之后in addition此外，另外take the land去土地along the northwest coast of在西北沿海地区teach the Catholic religion to向⋯⋯授天主教gain one’s independence from⋯⋯从⋯⋯得独立 declarewar on ⋯⋯向⋯⋯宣as a first or second languages 把⋯⋯作第一或第二言 live in and around 住在⋯⋯内和周地区achieve one’s dream梦想dream of becoming rich梦a multicultural society一个多元化的社会during the Gold Rush Period在淘金期bring even larger numbers to⋯⋯吸引了更大批的人到⋯⋯keep up one’s culture 保持自己的文化establish a(an) industry建立一个⋯⋯行in more recent decades在最近的几十年the mix of nationalities多种国籍的混合major racial or culture groups主要的种族或文化群体Using language:drop one’s luggage放行李a ride on a cable car乘坐go a view of欣⋯⋯的景a better form of transport一种更好的交通方式the fishing industry捕go exploring去探feel like doing sth.想要做某事team up with与⋯⋯合作spend time (in) doing sth. 花做某事mark out 画出；出⋯⋯界take in包括，吸收the famous tourist sports 著名的旅游景点admire the view of 欣⋯⋯ 景settle in定居某地take photographs照相a number of大量的a great/good many大量的all sorts of各种各的take ferry to乘渡去某地on the way在⋯⋯途中a good view of ⋯⋯apply for申reform the system改革制度grasp the opportunity of (doing) sth.抓住/得到⋯⋯的机会（注：红色为本单元重点词组）By soly。
人教版新课标选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity 重点词汇默写
22.繁荣n.;处于迅速开展期vi.
23.正义，公平n.
23.明晰明确的adj.
24.牛(总称) n
24.差异，区分n.
25.滑动，滑跤n.&v
25. aircraft n.
26. civil adj.
26.申请人
27. bakery n.
27意大利的/人/语n.&adj.
28.申请;请示得到phr.
8.用…的方法,借助phr.
8.深思的，关切的adj.
9.苦难，困苦n.
9.插入，嵌入vt.
10. rail n.
10.渡船n.摆渡vt.
11.坚持，维持，沿袭phr.
11.抓住，抓紧vt.
12.选择，选举vt.
12.处分，惩罚n.
13.百分比n.
14.租用，雇佣n.&v
14.十字路口n
15.行李=baggage n.
28.韩国、朝鲜的/人/语n.&adj.
29. seagull n.
1.海关n.
1.authority n.
2.海峡n.
2. mourn v.
3.北极n.
3.感谢的，感谢的adj.
4.大多数，大半n.
4.显而易见地，显然地adv.
5. (政府的)部；牧师n.
5.售票员，指挥n
6. despite prep.
6.公民的，国内的adj.
7.以…维生;继续生存phr.
7.指出，说明，暗示vt.
15.侄子，外甥n.
16.改革，改进刹车v.制动器n.
17.发生，出现vi.
18.背靠背phr.
18.社会主义n.
19.与…一起合作phr.
人教版高中英语选修8--Unit-1-单词
选修8 Unit 1 单词△California 加利福尼亚（州）△Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人△illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 illustration 实例插图图解Be illustrated with 有插图 - sth. 给书加插图阐明By way of -tion 作为说明 in -tion of 作为...例证distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinctive 独特的,有特色的distinction n. 差别；区分cn；卓著优秀un. Distinguish between and :distinguish A from B -ed 杰出的以...著名Make a distinction between andMake no distinction 没有区别： without distinction with distinction 优异地△immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民live on 继续存在；继续生存 - by 以..为生 - through 活过度过...熬过Live up to 实践原则誓言等做到 - down 改过自新生活忘掉过错strait n. 海峡=straits△Bering 白令海峡Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的the Arctic 北极means n. 手段；方法by means of…用……办法；借助 By all means 一定务必 by no means 绝不By this means 通过这种方式：in this way/ with this method/ in this manner by some means or other 想尽办法△prehistoric adj. 史前的majority n. 大多数；大半 the - 做主语谓语动词单数各个成员可用复数The - of + 单数名词或pl. 谓语动词与名词保持一致In a - 占大多数 get a - 获得多数票 have a - 拥有多数Major minor minority -ity ...状态、性质ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责神职任期 the - of Defense Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒△Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州）△San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山）△adventurer n. 冒险家make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等△despite prep. 尽管；不管hardship n. 苦难；困苦elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条percentage n. 百分比；百分率△Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶Italy n. 意大利Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人的；意大利语的Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家）keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）- away from 不接近- back 阻止抑制 -... From 阻止免受伤害- off 远离 - out 使不入内- up with 跟上 -an eye on 注视 - hold of 抓住 - a record of记载 - in touch with△Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣（运动音乐）突然风靡的时期深沉的响声V. 轰鸣激增处于经济迅速发展时期-er=baby -er 生育高峰期出生的人 - town 新兴都市aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机△Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦人△immigrate vi. 移入（外国定居）immigration n. 移民；移居入境racial adj. 人种的；种族的crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道vice n. & adj. 代理；副职nephew n. 侄子；外甥pole n. 地极；电极；磁极applicant n. 申请人customs n. 海关；关税；进口税socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的socialism n. 社会主义occur vi. 发生；出现有计划或无计划It -s to sb. To do/ that... 某人想到 -rence cattle n. 牛（总称）△Hispanic n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人indicate vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示back to back 背靠背luggage n. 行李（<美>baggage）shave vt.&vi.(shaved;shaved, shaven) 刮；剃△cable n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆△cable car 缆车；（美）有轨缆车△Andrew Hallidie 安德鲁•海利迪tram n. （有轨）电车apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地It is - to sb. That... 在某人看来显然... brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 Vi. & vt. 刹（车）；用制动器减速conductor n. （公车）售票员；列车员；（乐队）指挥slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒小错误- off 迅速脱去衣服：- out of -on 迅速穿上-out 被无意中说出- away 消失消亡 - up 犯错误疏忽△wharf n. 码头bakery n. 面包房；面包厂ferry n. 渡船；渡口 vt.摆渡；渡运△Angel Island 天使岛team up with 与……合作或一起工作hire vt. & n. 租用；雇用- sth. To ...租给 - ... From...向...租借租设备用hire 租房子：let/rent△fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的mark out 划线；标出……界线选定表明- down 记下减价给低分 - off 划出界限 -up 标高价格 - with 以..为标记- for life 留下终生的伤痕seagull n. 海鸥take in 包括；吸收理解欺骗- apart 拆开 -away 拿走 - back 收回- to 喜欢习惯 - on承担呈现雇佣 - over 接管-up 占据继续 -up with 和交往angle n. 角；角度a great/good many 许多；很多Many/many a/an / a great/good many/ more than one/ a good/large number of +pl.Much/ a good/great deal of/ a large amount of /amounts of+unA lot of/lots of/ a quantity of/ quantities of/ plenty of/ a supply of/supplied of+pl./un Amounts of/ quantities of+un. 谓语动词用复数Many a(more than one)+单数谓语动词用单数apply for 申请；请示得到Apply 申请敷产生作用使努力- to do 申请做 - ..to..将...涂抹于- oneself to 专心从事 applicant application appliednowhere adv. 无处；到处都无△miserable adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的punishment n. 处罚；惩罚justice n. 公正；公平mourn vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 -er 哀悼者 -ful 忧伤的 -ing n, 哀悼civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的authority n. 权威；权力 (pl)当局；官方reform vt. & vi. 改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良grasp vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会△thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的insert vt. 插入；嵌入 n. 插面广告挿入物-ion 放入。
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B8-U1 词汇学习1. distinction n.差别；区分；卓著make/ draw a distinction between A and B 对……加以区分without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地with distinction以优异的成绩,以杰出的表现gain/obtain/win distinction 出名There is a fine distinction betw een the two words.这两个字之间有细微区别。
We should make a distinction between right and wrong.我们应该分清是非。
We must make a distinction between freedom and license.我们必须把自由和放纵区分开来。
Michael graduated with distinction from the university.迈克尔以优异的成绩从大学毕业了。
He passed the examination with distinction. 他以优异成绩通过考试。
Employers should hire men and women without distinction.雇主用人应不分男女。
distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同Mozart's style is quite distinct from Haydn's. 莫扎特在风格上与海顿截然不同。
There was a distinct sense of embarrassment in the air.周围的气氛中有一种明显的局促不安的感觉。
She is trying to remain calm, but there is a distinct edge to her voice.她竭力想保持冷静，但她的声音中却显然带着怒气。
2. live on继续活着,继续存在；住在…上；以…为食1. She lived on for many years after her husband died. 丈夫死后她继续活了多年。
2. These traditions will live on for centuries. 这些传统将世代相传.3. The composer's works will always live on. 这位作曲家的作品将永远留在人间.4. The people find it hard to live on.民不聊生.5. Most mammals live on land.大多数哺乳动物生活在陆地上.6. Most of Asians live on rice.多数亚洲人以大米为主食.7. The lonely old man lives on charity.8. Mozart is dead but his music lives on. [短语归纳] live短语：live on sth 以某物为食,靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth 靠做某事物为生live for sth 以某事物为生活目标live through sth 经历某事物而幸存live together 在一起生活；同居live up to sth 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth 接受或容忍某现象live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁live a... life 过着……的生活3. means n．手段；方法(单复数同形)①Every possible means has been tried，but none worked.＝All possible means have been tried，but none worked.各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。
by this means 通过这种方式by means of 用……办法；借助……by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以by every means 用尽一切可能的办法by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）by any mean 无论如何As is known to us，telephone is a useful means of communication.众所周知，电话是一种有用的通讯工具。
In many places in China，the bicycle is still a popular means of transportation.在中国的许多地方，自行车仍然是一种受欢迎的交通工具。
Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not very clear.为防止空气污染，每种可能的方法都已用过了，但天空仍然不清澈。
(1)by means of 借用，依靠We express our feelings by means of words.我们用语言来表达感情。
The actress rose to fame overnight by means of her perfect performance in the film. (2)by no means＝not at all一点……也不By no means am I satisfied with my present job.我对目前的工作一点也不满意。
This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.这绝非解决问题的良计。
(3)by this means通过这种方式You can do it by this means.你可以用这种办法去做。
(4)by all means 可以，当然行，务必—May I use your bicycle?—By all means！我可以用你的自行车吗？当然可以！1．But by no means _____ with my progress. A．the teacher is not satisfiedB．is the teacher not satisfiedC．the teacher is satisfiedD．is the teacher satisfied2．The police looked into the case carefullyand found the thief had entered the house ________ a ladder.A．by the means B．by all means C．by ways of D．by means of 3．She couldn’t speak，but made her wishes known ________ sign.A．by means of B．by any means C．by all means D．by no means —Do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child?—Yes，________.A．that’s all right B．by all means C．it just depends D．never mind4. in additionadv. 另外；除此之外；并且；况且•In addition, 相当于副词。
①位于两个句子中间，放在从句的句首，后面接完整的句子。
This garden has the best collection of native plants. In addition, it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.这座花园有当地植物的最佳珍藏。
另外，它还有无数来自海外的花草树木。
•许多词可以和它替换，如：additionally，furthermore，besides。
②In addition位于句末，相当于“as well”Aunt Mary gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition.玛丽舅母为我们去郊游准备了三明治，另外还准备了一袋甜饼。
When Diane fell, she hurt her arm and ,in addition, broke her glasses.黛安妮摔倒时, 摔伤了胳臂, 还摔坏了眼镜. You need money and time,in addition, you need diligence.你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要努力。
In addition to整个词组相当于一个介词，所以to的后面要接名词性成分做宾语。
In addition to native plants, this garden contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.除了当地的植物之外，这座花园还有无数来自海外的花草树木。
In addition to the killed and wounded, many were missing.除了伤亡之外，还有许多人失踪。
In China, both late marriages and late childbirth are advocated, in addition to fewer and better births.在中国, 晚婚晚育和少生优生均受到提倡鼓励.5. majority n．大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数have a majority over sb获得超过对方的票数A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
Obama had a majority over Mitt Romney and won the election.奥巴马得票多于米特罗姆尼，获得大选的胜利。