大学日语四级专业考试 完形填空及答案 2005年
2005日语专业四级考试试题_答案
2005日语专业四级考试试题大学日本語専攻生四級能力試験問題（試験時間：160分）注意：解答はすべて解答用紙に書きなさい。
二、次の文の下線をつけた単語の正しい読み方や漢字を、後のA、B、C、D、から一つ選びなさい。
（１×10＝10点）21. この荷物は船便で送る。
A．ふねべんB．ふねびんC．ふなべんD．ふなびん22. 木村さんはあの先生の授業を面白がっている。
A．めんしろB．めんじろC．おもしろD．おもじろ23. 納得がいくまで、この問題については話し合う方がいい。
A．のうとくB．なとくC．なつとくD．なっとく24. あなたが説明すれば、みんなおとなしく頷いてくれるだろう。
A．うなずB．うなつC．ふなずD．ふなつ25. この助詞は意思的な動作の場合に限って使える。
A．どうさくB．どさくC．どうさD．どさ26. 日本語には、話し手が聞き手の内面を直接的に表現することをこのまない傾向がある。
A．好B．喜C．悪D．厭27. 改革開放してから二十数年この方、中国はたくましく発展した。
A．盛B．卓C．速D．逞28. 救助のヘリコプターが下ろしたロープを、男はしっかりとつかまえた。
A．揪B．掴C．抓D．握29. 家にないしょで、友達を誘って外へ出かけた。
A．内書B．内緒C．内助D．内相30. 会談はなごやかな雰囲気の中で行なわれた。
A．和B．睦C．温D．粛三、次の文にに入れるのに最も適当な言葉を、後のA、B、C、D、から一つ選びなさい。
（１×15＝15点）31.A．なるべくC．いっそうD．すっかり【解说】なお＝まだ、ても＋なお：如「出発の時が来てもなお彼は迷っていた。
」32. あの人はこわそうだが、本当は心のやさしい人だ。
A．今にもB．正にC．一見D．知見【解说】「今にも＋（様態）そうだ」用来表示动作（动词）马上就要发生，如：「今にも雨が降りそうだ。
」而本题为形容词，所以应该选择「一見」。
2005年12月四级A卷试题及答案（文字版）（2）
2005年12月四级A卷试题及答案（文字版）（2）Part II Reading comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker, Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. “Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, owned by PepsiCo, and accounts f or over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. “Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumers —especially young people — see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is anAmerican company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识). The logo, along with the company’s lo ng-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.原文出处：FritoLay: Using Potato Chips to Spread the Spirit of Free EnterpriseJust five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect "saddle curl," the Lay#39;s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination.But its maker, T exas-based Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. "Potato chips are a snack for the world," said Salman Amin, the company#39;s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world, no race or tribe, that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.The Chinese might have their nyen gao ping, made from rice flour, and the Indians their lentil-and-chickpea namkeens, but Frito-Lay believes they would rather be eating potato chips. Thecompany#39;s research has shown that when given a choice between their local snack and a Frito-Lay chip, consumers in most countries will choose the chip.Putting its findings into practice, Frito-Lay has expanded on all five continents by buying up local snack makers or defeating them with its marketing expertise and sheer size."Never have we introduced Lay#39;s potato chips and had it not be successful," said Dwight Riskey, the research and development head who devised Frito-Lay#39;s global strategy five years ago. "It#39;s been successful every single place we#39;ve introduced it."Thinking Globally, Acting GloballyFrito-Lay, which also produces Doritos and Chee-tos, is the biggest snack maker in the United States, with 55 percent of the potato chip market. It is owned by PepsiCo, and accounts for more than half of the parent company#39;s $3 billion profits every year. But the U.S. snack market is largely saturated, and in order to grow — the key to remaining successful — the company had to look overseas.Riskey#39;s strategy rests on two beliefs: first, that a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second that consumers in the 21st century are drawn to "global" as a concept. By "global," Riskey does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, like Coca-Cola and Nike, but ones that consumers —especially young people — see as part of a modern, innovative world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention — created by a chef in Saratoga Springs, N.Y. in 1853 — but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company.Instead, Riskey would hope they associate the brand with the brave new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo, eventually settling on a red logo with a banner suggesting "celebration" and a sun denoting "universality." The logo, along with the company#39;s long-held marketing image of the "irresistibility" of its chips, would underpin the company#39;s global expansion.Taking Aim at the Local SnackFrito-Lay honed a strategy for moving into new countries where a local snack industry is already established. Rather than face the costs of building a new business in an unfamiliar market, the company identifies the leading local snack manufacturer and offers to buy it out. If the local manufacturer refuses to sell, Frito-Lay moves into the market on its own, using its size and marketing experience to cut into the local manufacturer#39;s sales. Often, at that point, the local company gives in and sells, sometimes for a lower price than the original offer.If the preferred local snack is already a potato chip, Frito-Lay rebrands it. After buying Walkers, the dominant chip in Britain, the Texas company refashioned the Walkers logo into the red "banner sun" design, as a first step toward changing the brand to Frito-Lay outright. Similar plans are under way for Sabritas in Mexico and Simba in South Africa. "We just say, #39;You know that stuff you love? Well, now it#39;s going to be called Lay#39;s,#39;" said Riskey.If the locals are used to eating something other than potato chips, Frito-Lay devises "differentiated products" that bridge the way to the chip. For the Indian market, the company created Kurkure Twisteez, a potato snack that comes in local flavors likeMasala Munch.Sometimes Frito-Lay#39;s products are so unfamiliar that the advertising campaigns focus on educating consumers in the hope of changing their "consumption habits." In China, Frito-Lay ads show potatoes actually being sliced, so people know where the chips come from. In Turkey, the company distributed pamphlets suggesting new recipes and eating habits: "Try a tuna sandwich for lunch, and join it with a bag of chips."Looking for #39;New Occasions#39;Like other multinational companies, Frito-Lay has learned that the best managers are often locals who know the market and culture well. Although they must follow certain global standards —such as the company#39;s long-held marketing theme of "irresistibility" — regional managers are encouraged to look for for new "occasions" to increase sales in their specific areas.In Holland, where the Dutch tend to eat potato chips only at night, as an after-dinner snack, manager Eugene Willemsen focused his efforts on changing their habits by distributing free samples on the streets during the day. He also targeted high schools, knowing that children were driving Frito-Lay#39;s growth in Holland. "For us, the biggest opportunity for growth is to penetrate new occasions with salty snacks," Willemsen said.In South Africa, national sales manager Arnold Selokane boosted sales in native townships by hiring local drivers to make deliveries, making the product seem less foreign. In China, sales director Jackson Chiu raised sales by 57 percent in one year, in part by focusing on girls and young women. "We market to girls and the boys follow," he said.The company encourages such initiative by flying promisingmanagers to the Frito-Lay headquarters in Plano, Texas, or the PepsiCo campus in Purchase, N.Y., for intensive courses on marketing and business development. Selokane and Chiu were among 200 PepsiCo employees honored at the company#39;s annual "Ring of Honor" ceremony in 2001. With honorees from 50 countries, speaking 30 different languages, the four-day program resembled the United Nations#39; General Assembly, complete with headsets and banks of translators.Not Just Potato ChipsThe executives behind Frito-Lay#39;s global expansion acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food that was created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. "We#39;re making products in those countries, we#39;re adapting it to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives," said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo#39;s chief executive.Frank Wong, who runs Frito-Lay#39;s operations in China, believes that by training Chinese managers the company is helping build up an educated middle class that will play a major role in the country#39;s economic transformation. "We bring a lot to China, a lot more than just the brand called Lay#39;s," he said.21. It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marketing that _____.A) potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world marketB) their company must find new ways to promote domestic salesC) the light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chips{D) people all over the world enjoy eating their company’s potato chips}22. What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?A) Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers.B) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.C) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.{D) It needs to turn to the world market for development.}23. One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that _____.{A) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands}B) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brandsC) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profitsD) products identified as American will have promising market value24. Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.{B) To promote the company’s strategy of globalization. }C) To change the company’s l ong-held marketing image.D) To compete with other American chip producers.25. Frito-Lay’s executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market _____.A) won’t affect the eating habits of the local peopleB) will lead to economic imperialism{C) will be in the interest of the local people} D) won’t spoil the taste of their chips。
大学日本语専攻生四级能力试験问题(2005年)
大学日本語専攻生四級能力試験問題第一部分一、聴解（1＊25＝25点）二、次の文の下線をつけた単語の正しい読み方や漢字を後のA、B、C、Dから一つ選びなさい。
（1＊10＝10点）21、この荷物は船便で送る。
A、ふねべんB、ふねびんC、ふなべんD、ふなびん22、木村さんはあの先生の授業を面白がっている。
A、めんしろB、めんじろC、おもしろD、おもじろ23、納得がいくまで、この問題については話し合うほうがいい。
A、のうとくB、なとくC、なつとくD、なっとく24、あなたが説明すれば、皆おとなしく頷いてくれるだろう。
A、うなずB、うなつC、ふなずD、ふなつ25、この助詞は意志的な動作の場合に限って使える。
A、どうさくB、どさくC、どうさD、どさ26、日本語には、話し手が聞き手の内面を直接に表現することをこのまない傾向がある。
A、好B、喜C、悪D、厭27、改革開放してから二十数年このかた、中国はたくましく発展した。
A、盛B、卓C、速D、逞28、救助のヘリコプターが下ろしたロープを、男はしっかりとつかまえた。
A、揪B、掴C、抓D、握29、家にはないしょで、友達を誘って外へ出かけた。
A、内書B、内緒C、内助D、内相30、会談はなごやかな雰囲気の中で行われた。
A、和B、睦C、温D、粛三、次の文の＿＿に入れるのにもっとも適当な言葉を、後のA、B、C、Dから一つ選びなさい。
（1＊15＝15点）31、雨が降っても＿＿＿＿試合は続いている。
A、なるべくB、なおC、いっそうD、すっかり32、あの人は＿＿＿こわそうだが、本当は心のやさしい人だ。
A、今にもB、正にC、一見D、知見33、こちらは私の父の兄、＿＿＿＿私の伯父です。
A、つまりB、なるほどC、やっぱりD、実際は34、郵便局に行く＿＿＿＿タバコ買ってくれない？A、ところにB、とおりにC、ついでにD、どころか35、彼の＿＿＿＿にも程がある。
A、物好きB、好きずきC、お好みD、すき36、この案は、一時＿＿＿にする。
2005年6月四级答案
d) the woman feels sorry that mr. brown is unable to come.
3. a) at 1030.b) at 1025.c) at 1040.d) at 1045.
4. a) the man no longer smokes.
b) he man is under pressure from his wife.
c) the man usually follows his wife’s advice.
d) theman refuses to listen to his doctor’s advice.
d) mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.
2. a) the man is late for the trip because he is busy.
b) the woman is glad to meet mr. brown in person.
5. a) move to a big city.
b) become a teacher.
c) go back to school.
d) work in new york.
6. a) quit delivering flowers.
b) work at a restaurant.
c) bring her flowers every day.
(s8) _____________________________. today, three buildings hold the library’s collection. (s9) ______________________________. it buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. it also gets materials through its copyright office. (s10) ________________________________. this means the library of congress receives almost everything that is published in the united states.
2005年专业四级真题及其参考答案词汇
GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN ]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were52. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist53. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make58. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but59. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman60. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take61. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year?A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there going to be62. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John.A. objected havingB. were objected to havingC. objected to haveD. objected to having63. ________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. Incase, had64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if65. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons.A. themB. /C. itD. theirs66. –Why are you staring?–I’ve never seen ______tree before.67. There are still many problem ahead of us, but by his time next year we can see light at the end of the _________.A. battleB. dayC. roadD. tunnel68. We realized that he was under great _________, so we took no notice of his bad temper.A. excitementB. stressC. crisisD. nervousness69. The director tried to get the actors to _________ to the next scene by hand signals.A. move onB. move offC. move outD. move along70. His ideas are invariably condemned as ________ by his colleagues.A. imaginativeB. ingeniousC. impracticalD. theoretical71. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest72. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum73. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect74. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget75. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive76. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the preciouscave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied77. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out78. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s_________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience79. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture80. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarely参考答案51-60 AABBD ACBBC61-70 ADCCD BDBBC71-80 DABAC ACDDB。
2005年6月四级真题及答案
2005年6月四级真题Part II Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) (ANWR) to help secure America‟s energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR‟s oil would help ease California‟s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country‟s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall（意外之财）in tax revenues, royalties(开采权使用费)and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment would be insignificant. “We‟ve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice.” says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan .Not so far, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America‟s energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWR‟s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State‟s electricity output – and just 3% of the nation‟s.21. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?A) It will exhaust t he nation‟s oil reserves.B) It will help secure the future of ANWR.C) It will help reduce the nation‟s oil importsD) It will increase America‟s energy consumption22. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _______A) believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yieldsB) tends to exaggerate America‟s reliance on foreign oilC) shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWRD) expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia23. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _________A) it can cause serious damage to the environmentB) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problemsC) it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan regionD) it will not have much commercial value24. What do the environmentalists m ean by saying “Not so fast” (Line 1, Para .3)?A) Oil exploitation takes a long timeB) The oil drilling should be delayedC) Don‟t be too optimisticD) Don‟t expect fast returns25. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR‟s frozen earth ______.A) remains a controversial issueB) is expected to get under way soonC) involves a lot of technological problemsD) will enable the U.S. to be oil independentPassage 2“Tear …em apart!” “Kill the fool!” “ Murder the referee (裁判)！”These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made, they may seem innocent enough. But let‟s not kid ourselves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. V olumes have been written about the way words affect us .It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior . I see the term “opponent “ as one of those words . Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent “is “adversary “:“enemy “; “one who opposes your interests.” “Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent a s an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one‟s intellect, and every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player‟s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent‟s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example t o the rest of the sporting world . Replacing the term “opponent “with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.The dictionary meaning of the term “associate “ is “colleague” ; “friend” ; “companion.” Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent.”26. Which of the following statements best expresses the author‟s view?A) Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequencesB) The words people use can influence their behaviorC) Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletesD) Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field27. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players _______A) are too eager to winB) are usually short-tempered and easily offendedC) cannot afford to be polite in fierce competitionD) treat their rivals as enemies28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?A) He refused to continue the gameB) He angrily hit the referee with a ballC) He claimed that the referee was unfairD) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt29. According to the passage, players, in a game , may _______A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their wayB) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the gameC) lie down on the ground as an act of protestD) kick the ball across the court with force30. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by ______A) calling on players to use clean language on the courtB) raising the referee‟s sense of responsibilityC) changing the attitude of players on the sports fieldD) regulating the relationship between players and refereesPassage 3Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .Among the report‟s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings-a German fertilizer described itself as “ earthworm friendly” a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”The study was written and researched by Britain‟s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby grou p Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the envir onmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.31. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standardsB) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceivingC) consumers would believe many of the manufactures‟ claimD) few products actually prove to be environment friendly32. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers ___A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buyB) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labelingC) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environmentD) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment33. A study was carried out by Britain‟s NCC to _______A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standardsB) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buyC) examine claims made by products against ISO standardsD) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization34. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problemsB) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the falseC) They could arouse widespread anger among consumerD) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don‟t need35. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirementsB) see all household products meet environmental standardsC) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green productsD) verify the efforts of non-polluting productsPassage 4Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world‟s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania‟s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.The streams, lakes, meadows (草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats (栖息地) are en dangered by highway construction . To protect the Poconos‟ natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy (大自然保护协会) named the area one of America‟s “Last Great Places”.Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy‟s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.Altemose‟s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family‟s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.Cook attributes the Conservancy‟s success in the Poconos to having a local presence a nd a commitment to working with local residents“The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live there respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation effort.For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world‟s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at .36. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America‟s “Last Great Places” is to ________A) gain support from the local communityB) protect it from irresponsible developmentC) make it a better home for black bearsD) provide financial security for future generations37. We learn from the passage that _______A) the population in the Pocono area is growingB) wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidlyC) the security of the Pocono residents is being threatenedD) farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?A) The setting up of an environmental protection websiteB) Support from organizations like The Nature ConservancyC) Cooperation with the local residents and business leadersD) Inclusion of farmlands in the region‟s protection program39. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence “ (Line 1, Para. 5)?A) Financial contributions from local business leadersB) Consideration of the interests of the local residentsC) The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the areaD) The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area40. The passage most probably is ________A) an official documentB) a news storyC) an advertisementD) a research reportPart III Vocabulary41. A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and _______your text moreeasilyA) register B) editC) propose D) discharge42. We don‟t know why so many people i n that region like to wear dresses of such ______colorsA) low B) humbleC) mild D) dull43. The news has just _____ that the president is going to visit China next monthA) come down B) come upC) come out D) come about44. The ______ that exists among nations could certainly be lessened if misunderstanding and mistrust wereremovedA) tension B) strainC) stress D) intensity45. The other day , Mum and I went to St. James‟s Hospital , and they did lots and lots of tests on me , most ofthem _____ and frighteningA) cheerful B) horribleC) hostile D) friendly46. In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great _.A) fare B) paymentC) worth D) expense47. The writer was so ____ in her work that she didn‟t notice him enter the roomC) focused D) centered48. Actually, information technology can ______ the gap between the poor and the rich.A) link B) breakC) ally D) bridge49. Some research workers completely ______ all those facts as though they never existed.A) ignore B) leaveC) refuse D) miss50. Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ______.A) stage B) sceneC) location D) occasion51. The most basic reason why dialects should be preserved is that language helps to ______ a cultureA) retain B) relateC) remark D) review52. Companies are struggling to find the right _______between supply and demand, but it is no easy taskA) equation B) formulaC) balance D) pattern53. Mass advertising helped to _______ the emphasis from the production of goods to their consumptionA) vary B) shiftC) lay D) moderate54. Because of his excellent administration, people lived in peace and _____ and all previously neglected matterswere taken care of.A) conviction B) contestC) consent D) content55. I know you‟ve got a smooth tongue, so don‟t talk me ______ buying itA) away B) downC) out D) into56. Showing some sense of humor can be a(n) _______ way to deal with some stressful situationA) effective B) efficientC) favorable D) favorite57. The situation described in the report ______ terrible, but it may not happenA) inclines B) maintainsC) sounds D) remains58. The company is trying every means to ______ the wholesale price of its productsA) pull down B) put downC) set down D) bring down59. The mayor ______ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victimsA) rewarded B) awardedC) credited D) prized60. The native Canadians lived in _______ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of lifeA) coordination B) acquaintanceC) contact D) harmony61. Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future _______.A) at all B) so far62. I was impressed _______ the efficiency of the work done in the companyA) in B) aboutC) with D) for63. Now in Britain, wines take up four times as much ______ in the storehouse as both beer and spiritsA) block B) landC) patch D) space64. His hand shook a little as he _______ the key in the lockA) squeezed B) insertedC) stuffed D) pierced65. For professional athletes, _______ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history booksA) access B) attachmentC) appeal D) approach66. In the long _________, the new information technologies may fundamentally alter out way ofA) view B) distanceC) jump D) run67. All the arrangements should be completed _______ your departure.A) prior to B) superior toC) contrary to D) parallel to68. We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who will be _______ with an evenmore competitive marketA) tackled B) encounteredC) dealt D) confronted69. In the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle in Japan was ______equivalent to that in the United StatesA) rudely B) roughlyC) readily D) coarsely70. Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we radically change way we liveA) but B) althoughC) unless D) lestPart IV Short Answer QuestionsWe commonly think of sportsmanship in connection with athletic contests, but it also applies to individual outdoor sports. Not everyone who picks up a fishing rod or goes out with a gun is a sportsman. The sportsman first of all obeys the fish and game laws, not because he is liable to be punished as a violator, but because he knows that in the main these laws are made for his best interests.The following are some of the things that those who would qualify for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity (圈内人) will do.1. Take no more game than the bag limit provided for by the fish and game laws. The person who comes back from a trip boasting about the large number of fish or game taken is not a sportsman but a game hog (贪得无厌的捕猎者) .2. Observe the unwritte n rules of fair play. This means shooting game birds only when the birds are “on the wing”. For the same reason, do not use a shotgun to shoot a rabbit or similar animal while it is sitting or standing still.3. Be careful in removing illegal or undersized fish from the hook. This should be done only after wetting thehands. This is necessary because the body of the fish is covered with a thin, protective film which will stick to your dry hands. If the hands are dry when the fish is handled, the film is torn from the body of the fish. Without the protective film, the fish is more easily attacked by diseases. If you wish to release a fish that is hooked in such a way that it will be impossible to be close to the hook as convenient. In a remarkably short time, the hook will break down and the fish will remain almost unharmed. Fish have been known to feed successfully while hooks were still in their lips.4. Be sure of the identity of your target before you shoot. Many useful and harmless species of wildlife are thoughtlessly killed by the uninformed person who is out with a gun to kill whatever flies within range.S1. In what respect does the author think individual outdoor sports are similar to athletic contests?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S2. A person who goes out fishing with a fishing rod or hunting with a gun is not necessarily _________.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S3. What‟s the most important thing a true sportsman should bear in mind when he goes fishing or hunting _______.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S4.Those who violate the fish and game laws will not be ______ for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S5. What are people called when they break the bag limit and boast about their big catch?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S6. A true sportsman will not shoot an animal which is not ______S7. What are people advised to do before they remove illegal or undersized fish from the hook?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S8. What should sportsman do to avoid killing rare species of wildlife?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________Part ⅤWritingDirections：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay in honor of teachers on the occasion of Teacher‟s Day . you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below：1、向老师致以节日祝贺2、从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱Part II Reading Comprehension21 C It will help reduce the nation‟s oil imports22 A believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields23 B it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems24 C Do n‟t be too optimistic25 A remains a controversial issue26 B The words people use can influence their behavior27 D treat their rivals as enemies28 D He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt29 A deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way30 c changing the attitude of players on the sports field31 B the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving32 D still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment33 C examine claims made by products against ISO standards34 B Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false35 A make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements36 B protect it from irresponsible development37 A the population in the Pocono area is growing38 C Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders39 D The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area40 D a research reportpart III V ocabulary41 B edit 42 D dull 43 C come out 44 A tension 45 B horrible 46 C worth 47 A absorbed 48 D bridge 49 A ignore 50 B scene51 A retain 52 C balance 53 B shift 54 D content 55 D into56 A effective 57 C sounds 58 D bring down 59 B awarded 60 D harmony 61 A at all 62 C with 63 D space 64 B inserted 65 A access66 D run 67 A prior to 68 D confronted 69 B roughly 70 C unlessPart IV Short Answer QuestionsS1. Both of them are in common with sportsmanshipS2. a sportsmanS3. To obey the law.S4. qualifiedS5. A game hog.S6. movingS7. To wet their hands.S8. They should know the identity of the target.。
历年专四完形填空及答案
2000年一．The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious (26) the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and (27) it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but (28) to diffuse throughout the space available; it must (29) be kept in a closed container, as (30) a planet's atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories (31) the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved" in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are( 32 )different kinds o f molecules(分子). The theories now prevailing (33) a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure and they both flow ea silly. They are fluids.The( 34 )similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.(35) A closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands or (36) becomes less dense; some of it evaporates. (37), the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and d pressure (38) the densities become equal is (39) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be( 40 ); there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26. A. in B. on C. under D. beyond27. A. fills B. be filled C. filling D. to fill28. A. intends B. tends C. inclines D. contends29. A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore30.A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to31. A. having described B. describedC. describing D. to have described32. A. made up of B. consisted of C. constituted of D. made from33. A. apply B. adapt C. take D. conduct34. A. elementary B. crucial C. rudimentary D. fundamental35. A. Suppose B. To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed36. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case37. A. Similarly B. In contrast C. Furthermore D. Instead38. A. on that B. on which C. at that D. at which39. A. known B. defined C. called D. referred to40. A. classified B. recognized C. categorized D. distinguished2001The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual ( 26 )and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment.( 27 )this, it is desirablethat he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work ( 28 )is own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others ( 29 )his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding ( 30 )with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to ( 31 )rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently( 32 )of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s worksite. The processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, ( 33 )that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage (34) a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can (35) with. It is, (36), desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to ( 37 )how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same ( 38 )to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not ( 39 ). There are many other skills and ( 40 )that are desirable in a translator.26. A. application B. use C. utility D. usage 27. A. More than B Except fo C.Because ofD.In addition to 28. A. of B. by C. for D. on 29. A. should B. when C. because D. if 30. A. familiariyB. acquaintanceC. knowledgeD. skill 31. A. change B. transformC. turnD. switch 32. A. lacked B. required C. faced D. confronted 33. A. essential B. unnecessary C. advantageous D. useless 34. A. over B. despite C. rather than D. instead 35.A. dealB. concernC. workD. do away 36. A. however B. accordingly C. consequently D. thus 37. A. knowing B. having known C. know D. have known 38. A. refers B. comes C. appliesD. amounts 39. A. matter B. mind C. harm D. work 40. A. characteristics B. qualities C. distinctions D. features2002年People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beginning.( 27 ), when we observe the language behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures,we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words ( 30 ) to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted(词尾变化的) than ( 32 ) of any of the well -knownEuropean languages,for a( 33 )noun can be spoken or written in ( 34 ) hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more( 36 ). The Eskimo language is, therefore,one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to learn it. Consequently , there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon ( 39 )to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish,Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “the Eskimo language”.26. A. must be B. must have been C. ought to be D. should be27. A. However B. Therefore C. Probably D. Undoubtedly28. A. whose B. that C.which D.what29. A. conspicuously B. usually C. surprisingly D. sufficiently30. A. so as B. so that C. as such D. as well as31. A. However B. Moreover C. Though D. Therefore32. A. the others B. all others C. these D. those33. A. single B. singular C. plural D. compound34. A. some B. several C. various D. varied35. A. getting B. causing C. having D. owning36. A. endless B. multiple C. uncountable D. numerous37. A. with B. for C. owing to D.as38. A. still B. indeed C. just D. even39. A. alike B. similar C. related D. relevant40. A. referred to B. talked about C. spoken D. told 2003年During McDonald’s early years French fries were made from scratch every day.Russet Burbank potatoes were (26), cut into shoestrings, and fried in itskitchens. (27)the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought tocut labour costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and (28) that its friestasted the same at every resta urant. McDonald’s began (29) to frozen Frenchfries in 1966—and few customers noticed the difference. (30), the changehad a profound effect on the nation’s agricu lture and diet. A familiar food hadbeen transformed into a highly processed industrial (31). McDonald’s friesnow come from huge manufacturing plants (32) can process two million poundsof potatoes a day. The expansion (33) McDonald’s and the popularity of i tslow-cost,mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat.The taste of McDonald’s French fries played a crucial role in thechain’ssuccess—fries are much more profitable than hamburgers—and was (34) praisedby customers, competitors, and even food critics. Their (35) taste doesnotstem from the kind of p otatoes that McDonald’s (36), the technology thatprocesses them, or the restaurant equipment that fries them: other chains useRusset Burbank, buy their French fries from the (37) large processingcompanies, and have similar (38) in their restaurant kitchens. The taste ofa French fry is (39)determined by the cooking oil. For decades McDonald’scooked its French fries in a mixture of about 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their unique (40).26.A.scaled B.stripped C.peeled D.sliced27. A.As B.Due to C.Owing to D.With28. A.ensue B.ensure C.enrich D.enable29. A.switchingB.diverting C.modifying D.altering30. A.Still B.Anyway C.BesidesD.Nevertheless31. A.brand B.stuff modity D.produce32. A.thisB.that C./ D.what33. A.into B.from C.in D.of34. A.longB.only C.first D.lonely35. A.distinctive B.distinct C.distinguishedD.distinguishable36. A.possesses B.buys C.acquires D.grows37.A.exact B.identical C.same D.alike38. A.woks B.pots C.boilers D.fryers39. A.adequateely B.massively C.plentifully rgely 40.A.flavourB.fragranceC.smellD.perfume2004The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 ho urs’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that the sl eep normally coincides(26) the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this(27) can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a(28)of growing importance in industry where automation(29) round-the-clock working of machines. It normally(30)from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a(31) routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. (32) it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine(33)he has to change to another, (34)much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very(35).One answer would seem to be(36) periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. (37), recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their(38) habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any(39) to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose(40) may persist through all week-ends and holidays.26.A.in B.with C.of D.over27.A.cycle B.period C.circle D.round28.A.problem B.difficulty C.troub le D.matter29.A.asks B.invites C.calls for D.reactsto30.A.takes B.spends C.demands D.asks31.A.former B.r eturned C.reversed D.regular32.A.Therefore B.Unfortunate ly C.In a word D.In comparison33.A.as B.when C.then D.than34.A.though B.sothat C.while D.as35.A.efficiently B.good C.easily D. happily36.A.shorter B.better C.longer D.nicer37.A.SoB.Inshort C.Similarly D.However38.A.new B.normal C.tempor ary D.favourite39.A.change B.return C.adaptation D.te ndency40.A.wakefulness B.sleep C.preference D.habit20 05A person’s home is as much a refl ection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “(31) ______ home”. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical (32) of cash and location on achieving that idea.Cash (33) , in fact, often means that the only way of (34) when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things (35) financially. There are obvious (36) of living at home—personal laundry is usually (37) done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38) . And there is (39) the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc.On the other hand, (40) depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family—(41) do you like them? Are you prepared to be (42) when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) (43) , and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you (44) finding somewhere else to live?If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45) well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always (46) . If you are going to work in a (47) area, again there are the papers—and the accommodation agencies, (48) these should be approached with (49) . Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50) of the first week’s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.31. A. ideal B. perfect C. imaginary D. satisfactory32. A. deficiencies B. weaknesses C. insufficiencies D. limitations33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain34. A. getting over B. getting in C. getting back D. getting along35. A. improve B. enhance C. develop D. proceed36. A. concerns b. issues C. advantages D. problems37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently38. A. call in B. call over C. call upon D. call out39. A. always B. rarely C. little D. sometimes40. A. little B. enough C. many D. much41. A. and B. but C. still D. or42. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered43. A. agreement B. consensus C. compromise D. deal44. A. go about B. go over C. go in for D. go through45. A. seldom B. less C. probably D. certainly46. A. dependent B. a good source of information C. of great value D.reliable47. A. familiar B. cold C. humid D. new48. A. though B. while C. since D. as49. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. caution D. concern50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. simiarity2006年七．There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most ( 31 ) held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means (32) the pavement into a busy street! (33) you must pass under a ladder you can (34) bad luck by crossing your fingers and (35) them crossed until you have seen a dog. (36) , you may lick your finger and (37) a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the (38) has dried.Another common (39) is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house-it will either bring (40) to the person who opened it or to the whole (41). Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is (42), as it inevitably brings rain!The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month (43) on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay (44). the worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, (45) it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (46) in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are (47) witchcraft.. it is (48) lucky if a black cat crosses your path-although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood (49) luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never (50) , touch wood?”31. A broadly B widely C quickly D speedily32. A running from B jumping off C stepping off D keeping from33. A If B As C Though D Unless34. A erase B remove C avoid D ease35. A keep B keeping C kept D to keep36. A Consequently B However C Comparatively D Alternatively37. A make B print C perform D produce38. A label B symbol C mark D cut39. A argument B superstition C opinion D idea40. A loss B difficulty C tragedy D misfortune41. A house B household C home D circle42. A unwise B unintelligent C unpopular D unfortunate43. A falls B arrives C drops D happens44. A away B outdoors C indoors D far45. A when B as C if D though46. A have originated B be originating C be originated D originate47. A concerned about B related with C associated with D connected in48. A especially B specially C frequently D rarely49. A as B for C in D of50. A broken up B broken off C broken away D broken down2008年Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31)to use as money, (32)in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33) necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34), were used as money in some countries until recent (35), and cakes of salt (36) buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37) as money at some time(38) another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39) mainly from the beaches of the MaldivesIslands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41) coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42) paper money. It can either be exchanged(43) goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45) of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern MediterraneaNowadays, coins and notes have (46) nearly all the more picturesque (47) of money, and (48) in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49) such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)money will soon be found only in museums. (31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category (32) A. but B. and C. so D. even (33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute (34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size (35) A. times B. events C. situations D. condition(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never (37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or (39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded (42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with (43) A.against B. as C. in D. for (44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much (45) A. earlier B.earliest C.better D.best (46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms (48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crude2009年Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS -- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome --- was (31) for the first time in February 2003 inHanoi, (32) since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this (33),there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.Symptoms start (34) a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache or body (35). Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might (36) to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require (37)ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms (38) begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it (39) take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to (40) a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence (41) antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, (42) doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of(43) Scientists aren't sure yet, but some researchers think it's a (44) discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.Most cases appear to have been passed (45) droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care (46) them have been most likely to (47) the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the (48)might spread through air, or that the virus might (49) for two to three hours on doorknobs or other (50). Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.(31) A. detected B. caught C. disclosed D. revealed(32) A. but B. and C. or D. yet(33) A. time B. point C. aspect D. instance(34) A. from B. over C. upon D. with(35) A. hurt B. sore C. aches D. feelings(36) A. process B. advance C. progress D. convert(37) A. automatic B. artificial C. mechanical D. controlled(38) A. regularly B. ordinarily C. traditionally D. generally(39) A. will B. might C. should D. must(40) A. cultivating B. fostering C. developing D. designing(41) A. which B. that C. whether D. what(42) A. so B. but C. still D. yet(43) A. communication B. transportation C. transformation D. transmission(44) A. lately B. newborn C. newly D. renewed(45) A. under B. through C. beneath D. from(46) A. for B. over C. after D. about(47) A. acquire B. receive C. obtain D. contract(48) A. ailment B. ill-health C. disease D. infection(49) A. continue B. linger C. delay D. persist(50) A. exteriors B. outside C. surfaces D. coverings2010年How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31) ____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really knowis that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain(32) ____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things,(33) ____ they could communicate with each other; and thatlater they agreed (34) ____ certain signs, called letters, whichcould be (35) ____ to represent those sounds, and whichcould be (36) _____. Those sounds, whether spoken,(37) _____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38) ____the things they bring up before our minds. Wordsbecome (39) ____ with meaning for us by experience;(40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words(41) _____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: andthe more we (42) ____, the more the number ofwords that mean something to us (43) ____Great writers are those who not only have greatthoughts but also express these thoughts in wordswhich appeal (44) ____ to our minds and emotions.This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call(46) ____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of(47) ____. He can convey his meaning in words whichsing like music, and which (48) _____ their position andassociation can (49) ____ men to tears. We should,therefore, learn to choose our words carefullyand use them accurately, or they will (50) ____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convert2000 BABDB CACDA CBDCD2001 BDDAB DBBCD AACAB2002 BADCA BDABC DADBA2003 CABAD CBDAA BCDDA2004 BADCA CBDBA CDBCD2005 AABAA CCABC BDBAD DDBCD2006 BCACB DACBD BDACB ACABD2008 CADBA CADAD CBDAB ADBCB2009 ABBDC ACDBC BADCB ADCBC2010 BACDB ADBAD BCBDA CBDAC。
4级 2005
2005年日语能力考试四级真题及答案（word版下载）文字・語彙(100点 25分)問題Ⅰ＿＿＿はひらがなでどうかきますか。
１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。
問1・たなか先生は土よう日にきます。
（1）．先生１．せいせ２．せいせい３．せんせ４．せんせい（2）．土よう日１．とようび２．どようび３．かようび４．がようび問2・この道を百メートいってください。
左にこうばんがあります。
（3）．道１．かど２．はし３．へん４．みち（4）．百１．ひゃく２．びゃく３．はく４．ばく（5）．左１．さき２．ひだり３．みぎ４．むこう問3・北のまちに電車ででかけました。
（6）．北１．にし２．ほか３．きた４．となり（7）．電車１．てんしゃ２．てんじゃ３．でんしゃ４．でんじゃ問4・あの人はとても有名です。
（8）．人１．にん２．ひと３．しと４．じん（9）．有名１．ゆうめい２．ゆうめ３．ゆうまい４．ゆうま問5・木の上にねこがいます。
（10）．木１．ぼん２．ほん３．ぎ４．き（11）．上１．すた２．した３．うえ４．うい問6・かわいい女の子が生まれました。
（12）．女の子１．おんなのこ２．おなのこ３．あんなのこ４．あなのこ（13）．生まれました１．ほまれました２．ふまれました３．おまれました４．うまれました問7・店の入り口はどこですか。
（14）．店１．みせ２．へや３．えき４．いえ（15）．入り口１．のりぐち２．かえりぐち３．おりぐち４．いりぐち問題Ⅱ＿＿＿のことばはどうかきますか。
１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。
問1・ははとやまにのぼりました。
（16）．はは１．姆２．毌３．奶４．母（17）．やま１．上２．山３．止４．凸問2・こんしゅうはてんきがよかった。
（18）．こんしゅう１．今週２．今過３．令週４．令過（19）．てんき１．天気２．天汽３．矢気４．矢汽問3・そのちいさいかれんだーをください。
（20）．ちいさい１．小い２．小さい３．少い４．少さい（21）．かれんだー１．カトングー２．カトンダー３．カレングー４．カレンダー問4・ひがしのそらがきれいです。