教师资格证英语语法专业术语

语法grammar句法syntax结构structure句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence 句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversionelements of the sentence句子成分直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirectspeech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironiccardinal numeral基数词ordinal numeral序数词degrees of comparison比较级positive degree原级comparative degree比较级superlative degree最高级participle分词present participle现在分词past participle过去分词infinitive不定式gerund动名词verbal noun动名词active voice主动语态indicative mood陈述语气imperative mood祈使语气subjunctive mood虚拟语气syntax句法。