Lesson 1 Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 Part I科技英语翻译
2011功能语言学课程Chapter 1 and 2 课件PPT

Trochaic : iambic – 2 syllables
Trochaic(扬抑拍): strong + weak e.g. better butter Iambic(抑扬拍):weak +strong If all the world was ap--ple pie foot
Poem structure in two systems
Questions:
How many words consist of a sentence? ____one? two? Several? (maybe) E.g. “yes”, “ok”, “I did”, “I did it” How many letters consist of a word? ____one? Two? Several? (maybe) E.g. “I”, “no”, “and” ......
教材及主要参考书目
An Introduction to Functional Grammar Second edition by M. A.
K. Halliday.Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press and Edward Arnold (Publishers) Limited (外语教学与研究出版社, 爱德华 阿诺德出版社). 2000. Introducing Functional Grammar. London: Edward Arnold. By Thompson, Geoff. 1996. Working with Discourse: Meaning beyond the clause. London: continuum. By Martin, J. R.and David Rose. 2003. The Functional Analysis of English: A Hallidayan Approach. London: Edward Arnold. By Bloor, Thomas and Meriel Bloor. 1995. 《系统功能语法概论》胡壮麟,朱永生,张德禄,李占子, 北京: 北京大学出版社. 2005.
2024年外研版三起小学英语四年级上册教案全册

2024年外研版三起小学英语四年级上册教案全册一、教学内容1. Chapter 1: My ClassroomLesson 1: What's this?Lesson 2: What's that?Lesson 3: Is this your book?2. Chapter 2: My SchoolbagLesson 4: Where's my schoolbag?Lesson 5: What's in your schoolbag?Lesson 6: Can I help you?二、教学目标1. 让学生掌握本册书的重点词汇和基本句型,提高英语表达能力。
2. 培养学生运用英语进行日常交流,如介绍物品、询问物品位置等。
3. 激发学生学习英语的兴趣,培养合作学习、自主学习的能力。
三、教学难点与重点1. 教学难点:名词单复数、一般疑问句和肯定回答、物品位置的描述。
2. 教学重点:词汇、基本句型、日常交流能力。
四、教具与学具准备1. 教具:PPT、卡片、磁铁、录音机、教材。
2. 学具:练习本、彩笔、教材。
五、教学过程1. 导入:通过呈现教材中的图片,引导学生用英语描述,复习已学过的词汇和句型。
2. 新课呈现:展示新课内容,引导学生学习新词汇和句型。
3. 例题讲解:讲解典型例题,指导学生运用新知识进行解答。
4. 随堂练习:设计练习题,让学生巩固所学知识。
5. 小组活动:分组进行角色扮演,模拟真实场景,提高学生的实际应用能力。
六、板书设计1. 2024年外研版三起小学英语四年级上册教案2. 内容:Chapter 1: My ClassroomLesson 1: What's this?Lesson 2: What's that?Lesson 3: Is this your book?Chapter 2: My SchoolbagLesson 4: Where's my schoolbag?Lesson 5: What's in your schoolbag?Lesson 6: Can I help you?七、作业设计1. 作业题目:按照教材中的对话,编写一个新的对话,介绍自己的教室。
Exercise 1 chapter1-chapter3

A. in; on B. on; in C. of; on D. on; of
6. We are sure that ____ your prompt attention. A. meet B. will meet with C. will meet D. met
7. 8 It will be in the best _______ of both parties to set up business relations.
5. We now avail ourselves of this opportunity to write to you with a view to enter into business relations with your firm.
Multiple Choices
1. Read the following sentence and point out which writing principle it breaks: I demand that you send me a copy of agreement.
A. of B. in C. with D. regarding
5. We have seen your advertisement ____ “Flying Horse” brand scissors ____ the October issue of International Trade.
11.specialize in 12. upon receipt of 13. be in the market for 14. L/C at sight 15. with a view to 16. a promising market 17. mail transfer 18. the Chamber of Commerce 19. on the basis of equality, mutual benefit
新思维3AChapter2教案

Which festival do you like best
1.Teacher asks and Ss answer.
2.pair work.
What do people do
Show the picture and teach the new phrases.
教学重点
Students canread the story accurately and fluently.
教学难点
Students can read and use words“coat, story, sunny, wind. anything, feel”
Students canread the story accurately and fluently.
What’s the weather like today
Warm up
Prelearning
Afford some questions for the Ss and check them how many festivals they know. T: What Chinese festivals do you know Which festival do you like best
(Focus on pronunciation of the words and phrases.)
教学难点
Pronunciation of the words and phrases.
课前准备
Multimedia, puter, power point,flash cards , pictures and material objects
英语《阅读教程》第一册答案

P35-4 1.weather 2.slowly 3.typical 4.extreme 5.temperatures 6.storms 7.floods 8.rain 9.damage 10.worse
P53
1
1.diet 2.diet 3.fast food 4.universal 5.tacos and burrios 6.diabetes 7.low-carb diet plex carbohydrates 9.soy products 10.dairy
5) Some examples of directions from residents of the American Midwest are “Take this road here. Go straight north for two miles,” or, “Keep to the left around the curve. Then merge with Local Route 12 .”
w 7.public 8.restaurants 9.habits 10.health
Chapter 5
Part 1
5) A. family in the past
1. biometeorologists 2.atmosphere 3.rain,snow,humidity, air pressure 4.weather 5.strokes 6. sudden stopping of the heart 7.flu 8.lungs 9. emotional conditions and feelings 10. Seasonal Affective Disorder, long periods of darkness
大学英语写作课件1 chapter 1

1. Some Requirements on This Course
• 1) Attend every writing lesson; • 2) Devote your efforts to meeting the requirements of this course; • 3) Be active in class (Volunteers are always welcome & will be given more); • 4) Finish assignments in time; • 5) Prepare two exercise books, one for in-class exercises; the other for afterclass exercises;
具体的学习内容
第一章 文稿格式和标点符号 (Manuscript Form and Punctuation) 第二章 用词(Using Proper Words) 第三章 造句 (Making Correct and Effective Sentences) 第四章 段落(Developing Paragraphs) 第五章 摘要(Summarizing) 第六章 完整的作文(Composing Essays) 第七章 应用文(Writing for Practical Purposes) 第八章 学术论文写作(Preparing Research Papers)
• 5) Your teacher will not correct your compositions word by word, but judge them as a whole.
• 6) You can know how to write good articles not through your teacher‟s correcting the grammar mistakes in your exercises, but through your daily practice. • 7) Writing cannot be simplified to a set of rules or guideline, and people can never learn to write once and for all, because works change according to the people, purposes, and places involved.
新人教版高中英语必修一Unit 1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking教案

新人教版(2019)英语必修一Unit 1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking教学设计3.Adam will have to study harder in thefuture and get used to beingresponsible for a lot more.Read the text again and answer the questions.What courses did Adam choose? Which one do you think would be his favorite? Why?What does "make the team" in Paragraph 3 mean?What is Adam worried about?Is Adam confident that he will get used to senior high school life? How do you know?1.Adam chose math, English, chemistry,world history, and Chinese. Advancedliterature would be his favoritesubject because he likes English andhe is good at it.2.“Make the team” means to try outand then be allowed to join a sportsteam.3.He is worried about keeping up withthe other students in his advancedcourse and getting used to all thehomework.Complete the outline.DiscussionIn pairs, discuss the following questions.make a good decision.We can try a course for two weeks after we___________ up for it. After that, we cannot change it.The main purpose of the course is to help __________ each student's reading ability. Some of the students want to become writers or editors after they __________, so the teacher advised them to start a writing club.The school is __________ for the safety of all the students.Whenever I'm facing a difficulty, I always tell myself, "Don't let anything stop you. Don't ever __________.”keys:1.recommended2.challenge3.confusing4.sign5.improve6.graduate7.responsible8.quitStep 8 SkimYou can find main ideas by first taking aquick Look at the title, picture(s), key wordsand phrases, and topic sentences.Which paragraph is the main part?Which paragraphs are the supportingparts?SkimmingSkimming is the process of quickly viewinga section of text to get a general impression Discuss with theirpatterner and thenshare their ideas.-Voice their opinions.-Practice their teamspirit.-Practice theirthinking skill andimagination.-Practice theirspeaking andlistening.。
高中英语必修一Unit1--unit2单词

高中英语北师大版必修一英语单词Unit1topic Talk1.senior /ˈsiːniə/adj.较高的,高级的2.secondary /ˈsekəndəri/adj.中等教育的;中级的;次要的3.stressful /ˈstresfəl/adj.充满压力的,紧张的4.challenging /ˈtʃæləndʒɪŋ/adj.富有挑战性的5.differ /ˈdɪfə/vi.不同,不一样,有区别6.previous /ˈpriːviəs/adj.以前的,先前的7.dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的8.campus /ˈkæmpəs/n.校园9.schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/n.日程表,计划表10.expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃən/n.期待;预料,预期11.confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/n.自信,信心;信赖petence /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/n.能力,胜任13.chapter /ˈtʃæptə/n.一段时期;章节14.all in all 总而言之,总的来说15.apartment /əˈpɑːtmənt/n.公寓套房16.am /ˌeɪˈem/(ante meridiem)午前,上午17.shift /ʃɪft/n.(工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间18.pressure /ˈpreʃə/n.压力19.leisure /ˈleʒə/n.空闲,空暇,业余时间20.recover /rɪˈkʌvə/vi.恢复健康,康复21.injury /ˈɪndʒəri/n.伤,损害22.plus /plʌs/adj.有利的,好的prep.加23.unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/adv.不幸地;令人遗憾地24.challenge /ˈtʃæləndʒ/n.挑战;具有挑战性的事物vt.向……挑战25.arise /əˈraɪz/vi.(问题或困难)出现,发生Lesson 126.lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/n.生活方式27.chat /tʃæt/vi. &n.闲谈,聊天28.surf /sɜːf/vi. &vt.冲浪29.surf the Internet 网上冲浪,浏览因特网30.voluntary /ˈvɒləntəri/adj.志愿的;服务的;自愿的31.engine /ˈendʒɪn/n.引擎32.search engine 搜索引擎33.definitely /ˈdefɪnɪtli/adv.确切地,肯定地34.teen /tiːn/adj.青少年的,十几岁孩子的ptop /ˈlæptɒp/n.笔记本电脑,便携式电脑36.digital /ˈdɪdʒətl/adj.数字的,数码的37.native /ˈneɪtɪv/n.本地人38.range /reɪndʒ/n.一系列;范围39.various /ˈveəriəs/adj.各种各样的;多种(类型)的40.hardware /ˈhɑːdweə/n.(计算机)硬件41.necessity /nəˈsesəti/n.必需品42.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/adj.方便的,便利的43.quality /ˈkwɒləti/n.质量,品质44.from time to time 有时;偶尔;间或45.living room 起居室46.addict /ˈædɪkt/n.对……着迷的人47.according to 按……所说,根据48.in person 亲自49.media /ˈmiːdiə/n.新闻媒体,大众传播媒介(总称)50.social media 社交媒体51.actually /ˈæktʃuəli/adv.实际上,事实上52.drag /dræɡ/vt.拖,拉53.tend to do sth. 易于做某事54.goal /ɡəʊl/n.目标,目的55.aim /eɪm/n.目的,意图vi.力求达到56.target /ˈtɑːɡɪt/n.目标57.update /ʌpˈdeɪt/vt.更新58.* meanwhile /ˈmiːnwaɪl/adv.与此同时59.distance /ˈdɪstəns/n.距离,间距60.volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/vi. &vt.自愿;志愿n.志愿者61.revise /rɪˈvaɪz/vi. &vt.复习62.saying /ˈseɪɪŋ/n.格言,谚语63.ahead /əˈhed/adv.在前面;向前64.get ahead 取得进步,获得成功Lesson 265.café /ˈkæfeɪ/n.咖啡馆,小餐馆66.downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/adv.向/在城镇商业中心区67.stress /stres/n.压力;忧虑;紧张68.suffer /ˈsʌfə/vi. &vt.遭受(痛苦)69.suffer from(身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)70.reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/vt.减少;降低;缩小71.expert /ˈekspɜːt/n.专家,行家72.frank /fræŋk/adj.坦率的,坦诚的73.to be frank 坦白说,坦率地说74.editor /ˈedɪtə/n.编辑,主编75.remove /rɪˈmuːv/vt.移走;去掉76.entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/adv.完全地,彻底地77.position /pəˈzɪʃən/n.职位;位置itary /ˈmɪlɪtəri/n.军队,武装力量79.due to 因为80.absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/adv.正是,当然81.stressed /strest/adj.焦虑的,紧张的82.extent /ɪkˈstent/n.程度83.thus /ðʌs/adv.因此,因而,从而84.tension /ˈtenʃən/n.紧张;焦虑anise /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/vt.组织,筹划86.in other words 换句话说87.function /ˈfʌŋkʃən/n.功能88.seek /siːk/vt.寻求;请求89.professional /prəˈfeʃənəl/adj.专业的,职业的Lesson 390.feature /ˈfiːtʃə/vt.以……为特色,是…的特征91.typical /ˈtɪpɪkəl/adj.平常的,一贯的;典型的92.province /ˈprɒvins/n.省93.graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/vi.毕业94.graduate from 从……毕业95.certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/n.合格证书96.inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/vt.鼓励,激励97.apply /əˈplaɪ/vi.申请;请求98.apply for 申请99.eager /ˈiːɡə/adj.热切的;渴望的100.s ort /sɔːt/n.种,类;类型101.s ort of 有几分,有点102.i ndependently /ˌɪndəˈpendəntli/adv.独立地,自立地103.p ower /ˈpaʊə/n.电,电力;力量104.s upply /səˈplaɪ/n.供应,供给105.u nstable /ʌnˈsteɪbəl/adj.不稳定的106.d usty /ˈdʌsti/adj.布满灰尘的107.m uddy /ˈmʌdi/adj.泥泞的,多泥的108.t ough /tʌf/adj.困难的,难办的109.f lash /flæʃ/vi. &vt.闪现,闪过n.照相机闪光灯110.g ive up 放弃111.d eal with 对付,应付,处理112.r esponsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/adj.负责的;有责任心的113.b e responsible for 对……负责114.a ttractive /əˈtræktɪv/adj.有吸引力的;好看的,美观的115.a s well as ……以及……116.l aughter /ˈlɑːftə/n.笑;笑声117.c onfident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/adj.自信的118.* besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/adv.除此之外,而且119.c ontact /ˈkɒntækt/n.联系,联络vt.(写信,打电话)联系(某人)120.c harity /ˈtʃærəti/n.慈善机构,慈善团体121.o rganisation /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/n.组织,团体,机构122.c ontribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃən/n.贡献123.i ntend /ɪnˈtend/vt.计划,打算,想要124.W riting Workshop125.j unior /ˈdʒuːniə/adj.低年级的126.f ormal /ˈfɔːməl/adj.正式的,官方的127.i nformal /ɪnˈfɔːməl/adj.非正式的128.a dapt /əˈdæpt/vi.(使)适应129.a dapt to sth. 适应某事130.g ym /dʒɪm/n.体育馆,健身房131.m oment /ˈməʊmənt/n.某一时刻132.a t the moment 此刻,目前,眼下133.p resentation /ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/n.报告;陈述,说明134.s lide /slaɪd/n.幻灯片135.f orward /ˈfɔːwəd/adv.向前;进展136.l ook forward to(doing)sth. 期待,盼望137.R eading Club 1138.d igestion /daɪˈdʒestʃən/n.消化Reading Club 2139.r ecreation /ˌrekriˈeɪʃn/n.娱乐,消遣140.e ntertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/n.娱乐141.r ural /ˈrʊərəl/adj.农村的,乡村的,田园的Unit 2142.a thlete /ˈæθliːt/n.运动员143.f requency /ˈfriːkwənsi/n.发生的频率,发生率144.p refer /prɪˈfɜː/vt.更喜欢145.r ather than 而不是146.b adminton /ˈbædmɪntən/n.羽毛球147.g olf /ɡɒlf/n.高尔夫148.g ymnastics /dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/n.体操149.j og /dʒɒɡ/vi. &n.慢跑150.c ycle /ˈsaɪkəl/vi.骑自行车151.b owling /ˈbəʊlɪŋ/n.保龄球152.s kateboard /ˈskeɪtbɔːd/n.滑板vi.用滑板滑行153.t rack /træk/n.跑道154.i n good / bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳155.b alanced /ˈbælənst/adj.均衡的156.d iet /ˈdaɪət/n.日常饮食157.s tair /steə/n.楼梯;梯级158.r egularly /ˈreɡjələli/adj.经常;定期地159.n et /net/n.(网球等的)球网;网160.c ourt /kɔːt/n.(网球等的)球场161.w ithin /wɪðˈɪn/prep.在……之内Lesson 1162.u nderdog /ˈʌndədɒɡ/n.处于劣势的人(队);弱方163.d efeat /dɪˈfiːt/vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜,打败164.c ompany /ˈkʌmpəni/n.公司;一群人165.g uy /ɡaɪ/n.(非正式)男人,家伙166.c hampion /ˈtʃæmpiən/n.冠军,第一名167.* shot /ʃɒt/n.投球,击球168.i nspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃən/n.激励,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感169.t ry out for sth. 争取成为;参加选拔170.* bench /bentʃ/n.替补队员席171.r eplacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/n.替换的人(物)172.d esire /dɪˈzaɪə/n.渴望173.c rash /kræʃ/vi. & vt.猛撞174.c rash into 猛撞,猛击175.g ather /ˈɡæðə/vi. &vt.聚集,聚合176.g ather around 聚集177.n ot...anymore 不再……178.p ack /pæk/n.包,包裹vi. &vt.把……包起来179.s harply /ˈʃɑːpli/adv.严厉地,毫不客气地180.l et sb. down 使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)181.o nto /ˈɒntʊ/prep.到……上,向……上182.e xtra /ˈekstrə/adj.额外的,另外的183.p ay off 取得成功;奏效184.k eep up with 跟上,保持同步185.e nergy /ˈenədʒi/n.力量,活力186.c rowd /kraʊd/n.人群187.c lap /klæp/vi. &vt.鼓掌,拍手188.e arn /ɜːn/vt.赢得;博得Lesson 2189.b oxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/n.拳击(运动)190.b ounce /baʊns/vi. &vt.(使)弹起,(使)反弹191.b elt /belt/n.腰带,皮带192.a nnouncement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/n.通告,公告193.d efence /dɪˈfens/n.防守队员,后卫194.a udience /ˈɔːdiəns/n.观众;听众195.r emind /rɪˈmaɪnd/vt.使(某人)想起,提醒196.b ite /baɪt/vi. &vt.咬197.p rohibit /prəˈhɪbɪt/vt.禁止198.c ase /keɪs/n.状况,场合;事例,实例199.i n case 以防万一200.s ign up 报名201.a nnual /ˈænjuəl/adj.一年一度的,每年的202.a pplication /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/n.申请书203.w arm-up 热身运动,准备活动204.q uit /kwɪt/vi. &vt.停止(做某事)205.h alfway /ˌhɑːf ˈweɪ/adv.半途地206.t ip /tɪp/n.建议,忠告,窍门207.o ught to aux.应该,应当208.o ccupy /ˈɒkjupaɪ/vt.占用,占去(时间)209.d isappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/n.失望;扫兴;沮丧210.a mazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/惊人地,了不起地Lesson 3211.r elieve /rɪˈliːv/vt.减轻,缓解212.s trengthen /ˈstreŋθən/vi. &vt.(使)强健213.* immune /ɪˈmjuːn/adj.免疫的;有免疫力的214.s ystem /ˈsɪstɪm/n.系统215.i mmune system 免疫系统216.c heer up(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来217.w eekly /ˈwiːkli/adj.一周一次的,每周的218.b e fed up with 厌烦的,不满的无法再忍受的219.a wkward /ˈɔːkwəd/adj.令人尴尬的220.p articular /pəˈtɪkjələ/n.尤其,特别adj.特定的221.i n particular 尤其,特别222.b enefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/n.好处,益处223.m embership /ˈmembəʃɪp/n.会员身份224.e quipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n.设备,装备225.c apable /ˈkeɪpəbəl/adj.能干的;能力强的226.b e capable of 有能力做227.p revent /prɪˈvent/vt.预防;阻止,阻挡228.d isease /dɪˈziːz/n.疾病229.u pper /ˈʌpə/adj.较上的,上面的230.f low /fləʊ/vi.流,流动n.流动231.o xygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/n.氧232.r elief /rɪˈliːf/n.减轻,缓解233.a che /eɪk/n.隐痛234.g uideline /ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/n.指导方针,指导原则235.c lick /klɪk/vi. &vt.点击(鼠标)236.d etail /ˈdiːteɪl/n.细节237.p rinciple /ˈprɪnsəpəl/n.原则,基本的观念238.a mount /əˈmaʊnt/n.数量,数额239.s hortcut /ʃɔːtkʌt/n.捷径,近路240.o vernight /ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt/adv.突然,一下子241.a chievable /əˈtʃi:vəbəl/adj.可完成的;做得成的242.m ake sure 确保243.m uscle /ˈmʌsəl/n.肌肉244.b one /bəʊn/n.骨头,骨245.s atisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/n.满足,满意246.s weat /swet/n.汗水247.o verdo /ˌəʊvəˈdu/vt.把……做得过火248.W riting Workshop249.s ight /saɪt/n.视野250.c yclist /ˈsaɪklɪst/n.骑自行车者,自行车运动员251.o vertake /ˌəʊvəˈteɪk/vt.超过252.a mazed /əˈmeɪzd/adj.大为惊奇的,惊讶的253.s portsmanship /ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp/n.体育精神254.* bronze /brɒnz/n.铜255.m edal /ˈmedl/n.奖牌;勋章256.r esponse /rɪˈspɒns/n.回答,答复257.* gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/n.姿态;手势;姿势258.t ake advantage of sth. 利用某物Reading Club 1259.d efend /dɪˈfend/vi. & vt.保护,保卫260.R eading Club 2261.f lexibility /ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/n.灵活性。
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9) in 非,无 Inactive; inorganic; instability 10) micro 小,微,扩大,放大 microcomputer; microorganism; microscope 11) mono 单,一 monoxide
12) photo 光,光电,照相(术) photoconductor; photochemistry; photosynthesis (光合作用) 13) radio 放射,辐射,无线电,射线 Radiobiology(放射生物学); radiodetection; radioelement(放射性元素) 14) sub 在……底下,从属,次要,分(支),近(于) Subcircuit(分支电路); subcompound(亚化合 物); subsonic(亚音速)
科技英语词汇特征
1专用词汇多
普通词汇专业化 Auxiliary Current Exciting Order 2 由构词法构成的专业词汇多 semiconductor teleammeter
3广泛使用缩写词
A.C. -alternating current D.C. -direct current HP -high pressure LP - low pressure
3 增译与省译
1 Cartography (制图学) is the science of making maps. 制图学是研究绘制地图的科学。 2 Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes (同位素). 人们发现,自然界里许多元素,都是 各种不同的同位素的混合物。
4词性的转换较多
variable n./ adj. hybrid n./ adj.
科技英语词法特点
名词化倾向
1 使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词以及那 些有名词共用的动名词 the performance of station the staff of maintenance 2 名词连用形式使用较多 generator power output
EST Translation
Chapter 1 Introduction
Translation
桂林山水甲天下 The scenery of Guilin is worldrenowned. East or west, Guilin landscape is best.
My wife’ s my life ’s companion; We’re bound in marital union. I grasped her hand and say, “Together we ’ll always stay.”
3 长句使用较多 4 使用各种短语作后置定语
The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的 感应电动机。
5 第三人称句多
It is necessary to pay special attention to certain aspects of testing procedure. 有必要特别注意试验程序的某些方面。
III 翻译的一般方法
1 直译与意译
形似&神似
1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
2 All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和 水构成。 3 The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs. 设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。 4 Part adjustment and repair must be performed on regular basis if an acceptable printed product is to be the end product. 要使印刷品的质量达到要求,部件调试及修理就 必须定期进行。
2 Suffixes 1) –fold ……倍,……重,……次,……方 fivefold; manifold 2) –free 不……,无…… Ice-free; nuclear-free zone; oil-free 3) –gram 图 Spectrogram(光谱图)
Chapter 2
The Translation of Words
Part I
Technical Words
The Use of Prefixes and Suffixes
1 Prefixes
1) astro 星,天体,宇宙 Astrodynamics(天体动力学); astronomy (天 文学)
2) anti反,抗,阻,治,止,防止,中和 antibody; anticancer; anticorrosive;
3) bio 生命,生物,生物学的 Biochemistry; biosphere 4) cyber 计算机的,互联网的 cyberaddict; cyberattack; cyberspace 5) de 离开,出去,减少 deforestation; desalter
3 介词短语使用较多
under construction 在建设中 in the bud 未成熟或尚在发展的状态
4 普遍采用以名词为中心构成的词 组表达动词概念
in excess of make a claim to
5 前置的定语短语
securely anchored cable = a cable which is securely anchored On-bridge station = a station which is on a bridge
3 The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current. 电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特: 后者是电压的单位,前者是电流的单位。 4 That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸是电学的一 个基本规律。
II 科技英语的文体特点
自然科学领域:化工,机械,医学,计算机… 社会科学领域:哲学,政治学,经济学,法学… 商务英语,外贸英语,文学理论,戏剧理论 应用英语:广告,说明书,公文,契约…
1 objectivity 2 clarity 3 accuracy 4 formality
4 顺译与倒译
1 Almost any insulated body processes to some extent the ability to retain for a time an electric charge. 几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时 间的能力。 2 The properties of the weld can be altered by varying the grain orientation. 通过改变晶粒的方向可以改变焊缝的性能。
6) electro 电的,导电的,电解,电子(的) electroanalysis; electrobiology, electromagnetism 7) geo 地球,土地 geodynamics; geochemistry; geoscience 8) hydro 水,氢化的 hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物)
4) –cide 杀灭剂,杀 insectcide; weedicide 5) –meter 计,仪,表 seismometer; speedometer(速度计); multimeter(万用表) 6) –ology ……学,……论 Cosmology(宇宙论); seismology(地震学)
1 The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water. (合译) 植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。 2 The doctor analyzed the blood sample for anemia (贫血症). (分译) 医生对血样作了分析,看是不是贫血症。 3 The apparent change in size of the sun is caused by dust in the air near the horizon. 太阳的大小看起来有变化,这是由于靠近地平线 的空气中有尘粒而引起的。 (分译)