英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编85(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编85 (题后含答案及解析)
全部题型 2. 英汉互译
英汉互译
英译汉
1. The 1992 Rio conference was a high watermark for environmental law.
Despite all the many accomplishments since then, we must now acknowledge that Rio
has not fulfilled the promises with which the world invested it. After 50 years of
diligent and sophisticated work by environmental lawyers on legislation, regulation,
principles, treaties, and judicial decisions, how is it that the “ actual landscape” of the
world’s resources is still “slipping two steps backward for each forward stride”?
Part of the explanation for that disappointing result can be found in the statements
issued by a distinguished international collection of prosecutors, judges, and legal
scholars at the Rio + 20-re-lated World Congress on Justice, Governance, and Law for
Environmental Sustainability. They focused almost exclusively on matters of
substantive doctrine and legal procedure. Recommitment to enhancing “law” in this
narrow sense—a body of formal rules and principles and the judicial and prosecutorial
mechanisms for their application and enforcement—certainly has great value, and that
work should go forward vigorously. But the ongoing ecological deterioration is
traceable in large part to pervasive social and political attitudes favoring a
growth-based model of economic “development” that steadily intensifies human
appropriation of planetary resources. To address the root of the problem, it will be
argued here, environmental law needs a more expansive society-based conception of
“law”, one that activates law as a social institution engaged broadly with the habits
and customs, the expectations and aspirations, of people and organizations in their
daily lives. Environmental lawyers, then, need a fresh and bold reimagination of their
mission, to hone and use their persuasive and analytical skills in creative ways to alter
the social dynamic underlying environmental change and to foment a deep
commitment to effective stewardship of resources.
正确答案: 1992年的里约会议标志着环境法达到了最高水平。尽管此后环境保护硕果累累,但我们现在必须承认,对于世界人民给予资金支持的诺言,里约会议并未实现。50多年来,环境法的律师制定或修改法律、规章、准则、条约并做出司法判决,他们勤奋地做着这些高深复杂的工作,但是世界资源的“现状”仍然“每前进一步都倒退两步”是怎么回事? 这一结果令人失望,其中部分原因可以在全世界杰出的检察官、法官和法律学者发布的言论合集中找到,他们在里约+20的相关世界会议上就司法、管理和环境可持续发展的法律发表了看法。他们几乎完全侧重于实际法令及法律程序等事宜。他们再次决心加强狭义
的“法制”——一整套正规的规定和准则以及实施、强化这些法律的司法和执法机制——这当然意义重大,这项工作也应如火如荼进行。但在很大程度上,持续的生态恶化应归结于普遍存在的社会和政治态度,这一态度支持以增长为基础的经济发展模式,而这又使人类不断加强对地球资源的利用。 为了从根源上解决这一问题,我们将在这里讨论环境法需要“法律”概念在社会上得到更广泛的普及,这样才能促使法律作为一种社会制度广泛地融人到习惯和习俗、期望和愿望以及人和组织的日常生活中去。然后,环保律师需要对自己的使命有着全新的明确认识,锻炼自己的说服技巧和分析技巧,并创造性地利用其来改变环境变化的基础,即社会动力,以此激发人们深深致力于资源的有效管理。
2. Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential,
such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders
that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and
communications have not been capable of bringing well-being for everybody, but only
for a meager 15% living in the countries of the North. The abysm between North and
South is now so huge, that the unsustainability of the current economic order and the
blindness of the people who try to justify continuing to enjoy opulence and waste, are
evident. The great possibilities that a globalization of solidarity and true
cooperation could bring to all people in the world through the scientific-technical
wonders, have been reduced by the neo-liberal model to this grotesque caricature full
of exploitation and social injustice. We were asked to be ultra-liberal in trade and to
lift any barrier, which may obstruct the imports coming from the North, but the oral
champions of free trade actually are the champions in the praxis of protectionism. The
North spends one billion dollars a day in practicing what has been banned from doing,
that is, subsidizing inefficient products. Today, vis-a-vis the obvious failure of
neoliberalism and the great threat that the International Economic Order represents for
the South, it is necessary to retake the Spirit of the South by forming an alliance
among ourselves.
正确答案: 世界从未像现在这样具有如此惊人的科技潜力和创造财富与幸福的能力。真正的科技奇迹已经将世界的每一个角落都紧密联系在一起,但是却没有造福于所有人,因为仅有15%的生活在北半球的人才享受到了科技的福利。在如今南北之间的鸿沟如此巨大的局势下,当前经济秩序的不可持续性以及人们追求物质享受与挥霍的盲目性显而易见。 全球化的团结与真正的合作原本可以通过科技奇迹给全世界人民带来无限可能,但是新自由主义模式却将这一美好蓝图变成了一幅充满剥削和不公的荒诞景象。国际社会倡导我们践行贸易极端自由主义并消除一切可能会妨碍从北半球国家进口商品的贸易壁垒,但是自由贸易真正的赢家却还是那些事实上践行贸易保护主义的国家。北半球国家每天都会花费近十亿美元专做明文禁止的事,也就是为低效率产品提供补贴。当前,新自由主义已经式微,国际经济秩序给南半球国家带来的是更多的威胁;我们非常有必要重振旗鼓,在内部形成强大的联盟。
3. After months of speculation, the final 22,000-character overview of China’s
“third plenum” was published on November 15 th. In the economic sphere the
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编107(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编107 (题后含答案及解析)
全部题型 2. 英汉互译
英汉互译
汉译英
1. 今年初,我曾经讲过,今年恐怕是中国经济最为困难的一年。我国遭受了严重的雨雪冰冻灾害和特大地震灾害,又面临国内外复杂多变的环境。我们克服重重困难,保持了经济平稳较快发展的态势。上半年国内生产总值同比增长10.4%;农业发展势头良好,夏粮连续五年增产;投资、消费、出口三大需求增长趋向均衡,经济发展协调性增强;产业结构调整加快,节能减排取得明显成效,财政收入和企业利润保持较快增长,发展质量和效益进一步提高;城镇就业持续增加,城乡居民收入继续提高;近几个月来,居民消费价格指数涨幅逐月回落。总的看来,中国经济发展的基本面没有改变,正朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。
正确答案: As I said earlier in the year, 2008 could be the most difficult year
for China’ s economy. We experienced heavy snow and sleet storms and the
devastating earthquake and faced a complex and changing situation both at home and
abroad. Yet, we have overcome difficulties one after another and maintained the
momentum of steady and fast economic growth. In the first six months, the GDP grew
by 10. 4% over the corresponding period of last year. Agriculture has enjoyed good
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编92(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编92 (题后含答案及解析)
全部题型 2. 英汉互译
英汉互译
英译汉
1. What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or
woman who studies and applies physics, chemistry, or any other science? We all
know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many
people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.
The first of these is the application of the machines and products that scientists and
technologists develop. New drugs, faster and safer means of transport, new systems of
applied knowledge are some examples of this aspect of science. The second aspect is
the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their
work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. affluenza
正确答案:富人综合征,富裕病
2. back translation
正确答案:回译
3. brain drain
正确答案:人才流失
4. Buzzword
正确答案:时髦术语,流行新语
5. communication studies
正确答案:传播学
6. cultural default
正确答案:文化缺省
7. Davos Forum
正确答案:达沃斯论坛
8. dream team
正确答案:最佳阵容
9. Eurozone
正确答案:欧元区
10. IMF
正确答案:国际货币基金组织
11. NEET
正确答案:啃老族,尼特族(not in education,employment or training)
12. netbook
正确答案:上网本
13. OPEC
正确答案:石油输出国组织
14. Reuters
正确答案:路透社
15. sit-in
正确答案:静坐
汉译英
16. 正能量
正确答案:positive energy
17. 创新驱动发展战略
正确答案:the innovation-driven development strategy
18. 中华文化“走出去”
正确答案:Chinese culture’s going-out strategy; “go global” strategy of Chinese
culture
19. 常住人口
正确答案:permanent resident population; de jure population
20. 海淘
正确答案:overseas online shopping; shopping on overseas websites
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编22(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编22 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. CPU
正确答案:中央处理单元
2. FOB
正确答案:离岸价
3. UK
正确答案:英联合王国
4. NGO
正确答案:非政府组织
5. PhD
正确答案:博士学位
6. GRE
正确答案:美国研究生入学考试
7. UFO
正确答案:不明飞行物
8. OEM
正确答案:贴牌生产
9. VIP
正确答案:重要人物
10. AIDS
正确答案:艾滋病
汉译英
11. 信、达、雅
正确答案:faithfulness;expressiveness;elegance
12. 功能对等
正确答案:functional equivalence
13. 团队精神
正确答案:team spirit
14. 统筹兼顾
正确答案:overall planning and coordination
15. 自主创业
正确答案:self-employment
16. 建设节约型社会
正确答案:to build a conservation-oriented society
17. 公益性文化事业
正确答案:non-profit cultural undertakings
18. 从善如流
正确答案:do good naturally and happily; take advice with a receptive mind;
readily follow what is right
19. 两元经济结构
正确答案:urban-rural dual economy
20. 科学发展观
正确答案:the Scientific Outlook(Thinking)on Development
21. “一站式”办公
正确答案:one-stop service
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编37(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编37 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. back-translation
正确答案:回译
2. compensation
正确答案:补偿
3. competence
正确答案:能力
4. cultural substitution
正确答案:文化替换
5. CAT
正确答案:计算机辅助翻译(Computer Aided Translation)
6. Descriptive Translation Studies
正确答案:描写翻译学;描写翻译研究
7. Documentary Translation
正确答案:文献型翻译
8. F. I. T.
正确答案:国际翻译家联盟(Federation International des Traducteurs/International Federation of Translators)
9. Logos
正确答案:逻各斯
10. patronage
正确答案:赞助
11. resistancy
正确答案:阻抗
12. sight translation
正确答案:视译
13. target language
正确答案:目标语
14. terminology
正确答案:术语
15. undertranslation
正确答案:欠额翻译
汉译英
16. 知足常乐
正确答案:A contented mind is a perpetual feast.
17. 构建两岸关系和平发展框架
正确答案:to build up a framework for the peaceful development of cross-Straits
relations
18. 水火无情
正确答案:Fire and water have no mercy.
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编75(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编75 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. Skopos theory
正确答案:目的论
2. SOHO
正确答案:在家上班族(Small Office Home Office)
3. subtitling
正确答案:字幕
4. think tank
正确答案:智囊团
5. Webzine
正确答案:网络杂志
汉译英
6. 钓鱼岛
正确答案:Diaoyu Island
7. 对外传播
正确答案:International communication
8. 翻译专业资格(水平)考试
正确答案:CATTI( China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters)
9. 峰会
正确答案:Summit
10. 公示语
正确答案:public signs
11. 宏观调控
正确答案:Macro-control
12. 开放包容
正确答案:openness and inclusiveness
13. 孔子课堂
正确答案:Confucius Classroom
14. 绿色增长
正确答案:Green Growth
15. 民心工程
正确答案:pro-people project; heart-winning project; project in the public
interest
16. 十八大
正确答案:The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
17. 团购
正确答案:group purchase
18. 务实合作
正确答案:practical cooperation
19. 协同创新
正确答案:collaborative innovation
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编84(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编84 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. Diesel oil
正确答案:柴油
2. border fence
正确答案:边境围栏
3. odd number
正确答案:奇数
4. lyrical poem
正确答案:抒情诗
5. cognitive psychology
正确答案:认知心理学
6. UNESCO
正确答案:联合国教科文组织
7. WTO
正确答案:世界贸易组织
8. A Midsummer Night’ s Dream
正确答案:仲夏夜之梦
9. Trade show
正确答案:展销会
10. environmental justice
正确答案:环境正义
11. inverse translation
正确答案:逆向翻译
12. CIF
正确答案:到岸价格
13. Black Europe
正确答案:黑欧洲
14. symphony orchestra
正确答案:交响乐团
15. Armistice Day
正确答案:停战日
汉译英
16. ASEAN
正确答案:东盟
17. The Paralympic Games
正确答案:残奥会
18. Low-rent Houses
正确答案:廉租房
19. Diaoyu Island
正确答案:钓鱼岛
20. government car
正确答案:公务用车
21. Act of God
正确答案:不可抗力
22. (thesis) oral defense
正确答案:论文答辩
23. renewable sources of energy
正确答案:再生能源
24. Per capita emissions
正确答案:人均排放
25. the real economy
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编70(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编70 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. market access
正确答案:市场准入
2. venture investment
正确答案:风险投资
3. trade liberalization
正确答案:贸易自由化
4. ecosystem
正确答案:生态系统
5. artificial intelligence
正确答案:人工智能
6. innovation-incentive mechanism
正确答案:创新激励机制
7. the Millennium Development Goals
正确答案:(联合国)千年发展目标
8. the Beijing Olympic Mascots
正确答案:北京奥运会吉祥物
9. cultural heritage
正确答案:文化遗产
10. national treatment
正确答案:国民待遇
11. NPC
正确答案:全国人民代表大会(National People’s Congress)
12. IMF
正确答案:国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)
13. UNDP
正确答案:联合国开发计划(United Nations Development Programme)
14. IAEA
正确答案:国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)
15. UNESCO
正确答案:联合国教育、科学及文化组织,简称联合国教科文组织(United
Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization)
汉译英
16. 温室效应
正确答案:greenhouse effect
17. 自然保护区
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编8(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编8 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. balance sheet
正确答案:资产负债表
2. international arbitration
正确答案:国际仲裁
3. tax agent
正确答案:税务代理(人)
4. debenture
正确答案:公司债券;退税证明书
5. gross weight
正确答案:毛重;总重量
6. generalized system of preferences
正确答案:普遍优惠制(普惠制)
7. fixed cost
正确答案:固定成本
8. stock listings
正确答案:股票上市
9. random access
正确答案:随机存取
10. profit before tax
正确答案:税前利润
汉译英
11. 经纪人
正确答案:broker: A broker is a party that arranges transactions between a buyer
and a seller, and gets a commission when the deal is executed.
12. 可接受性
正确答案:acceptability: Acceptability is one of translation principles. It refers
that the reader is fully a-ware of the translation, and translation is intelligible.
13. 目的语
正确答案:target language; A target language is a language into which a text
written in another language is to be translated.
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编40(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编40 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. 词语翻译
词语翻译
英译汉
1. Subtitling
正确答案:配字幕
2. Descriptive Translation Studies
正确答案:描写性翻译研究
3. Exoticism
正确答案:异国情调
4. Skopos theory
正确答案:翻译目的论
5. Rewriting
正确答案:重写
6. Abstract translation
正确答案:摘要翻译
7. Adequacy
正确答案:充分性
8. Agent
正确答案:经纪人
9. Appeal-focused texts
正确答案:呼吁性文本
10. Multi-media texts
正确答案:多媒体文本
汉译英
11. 忠信
正确答案:fidelity
12. 口译
正确答案:interpretation
13. 假朋友
正确答案:false friend
14. 常规
正确答案:conventions
15. 自然性
正确答案:naturalness
16. 音译
正确答案:transliteration
17. 配音
正确答案:dubbing
18. 翻译理论
正确答案:translation theory
19. 平行语料库
正确答案:parallel corpus
20. 直译
正确答案:literal translation
21. 不可译性
正确答案:untranslatability
22. 充分性
正确答案:adequacy
23. 异化翻译
正确答案:foreignizing translation
24. 语内翻译
正确答案:intralingual translation
25. 译后编辑
正确答案:post-editing
