中考长难句翻译
中考英语长难句分析
定语从句
The American officials who had spoken earlier all lowered their heads in shame, and did not dare to answer.
生词：official n.官员;公务员;高级职员
shame n.羞耻,羞愧;憾事,带来耻辱的人 dare v.敢;敢于
The
recordersthwate
(省略that的定语从句)
have chosen for you
today
are from American country music, Indian music,
pop music and so on.
生词：recorder n.唱片；录音机
译文: 今天我们给你们选择的唱片有美
国的乡村音乐，印度音乐和流行音乐等。
Although many companies have no plans for hiring more workers, the managers said students could still find opportunities in hard times.
译文: 尽管许多公司没有雇佣更多员工的
计划，但是经理们说，学生们仍能在艰难 时期找到就业的机会。
We are looking for retired adults who would like to work part time at the weekend.
生词：retire v.退休
译文: 我们正在招聘退休的，想在周末做
译文：我能帮助需要医疗保健的人享受到 医疗保健服务，需要工作的人得到工作。
由wቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱo引导的定语从句
长难句翻译(英汉)
1. The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.1.美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
英语阅读真题中长难句及词汇
英语阅读真题中长难句及词汇英语阅读真题中长难句及词汇Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothe treeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselarg erfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.译文：苹果向下落到地面不是向上飞到树上，这一事实回答了他长期以来一直对天空中更大果实——月球和行星所存有的疑问。
分析：这个句子的主干是Thefactansweredthequestion。
复杂之处在于主语fact跟了一个同位语从句，解释的是fact的内容，注意这个从句中and省略了与前面相同的主语谓语theapplefell;后面的宾语带了一个定语从句，这个从句的引导词that或者which省略了，about短语是对question的解释，thoselargerfruitsoftheheavens指的就是themoonandtheplanets。
【词汇指南】toward(s)[t'w:d(z)](prep.)向;对于;接近,将近(中考词汇)(2013年-阅读1)(to-去,往;靠近，ward(s)-后缀,表示“向…,朝…”→一再地向…靠近、往…靠近——即“向;对于;接近”。
)tree[tri:](n.)树,树木(中考词汇)(tr=turn-转动,引申为“年轮”，ee-眼睛→用眼睛就能看到“年轮”的东西——即“树,树木”。
)2个扩展词：●trim[trim](vt.)修剪,修整(adj.)整齐的,端正的(CET-4)(tr=tree-树木，tom-词根,切,割,剪→修剪树木——即“修剪,修整”，引申为“整齐的,端正的.”。
)●trunk[trk](n.)树干;大衣箱,皮箱(高考词汇)(tr=tree-树木，unk=bulk-体积;大块→大块、粗大的树木——即“树干”。
全)2021中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文
全)2021中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文We all require heroes to look up to。
people who have XXX。
our greatest heroes are the people we XXX basis。
such as our relatives。
friends。
and neighbors。
who persevere even when it would be easier to give up.For example。
a fight could start over the fact that one student XXX can then lead to a fight。
本句话拆分后：1.For example。
(a fight) (could start) (over the fact that) (one student XXX)；括号中为修饰成分，可以删除；ughter (over the sandwich) (can then lead to a fight)；括号中为修饰成分，可以删除；改写1：Firstly。
it is XXX among middle school students have XXX。
For instance。
a fight may erupt over something as simple as a student's XXX。
it is not the sandwich itself that is the issue。
but rather the way in which students handle the conflict.改写2：It XXX part of life。
Research on lence among middle school students has XXX een students stem from minor issues。
中考必备长难句分析
中考必备长难句分析1.XXX。
XXX。
and XXX.2.The American。
French。
and Japanese officials who XXX.3.XXX acts of kindness。
XXX else go first。
may seem insignificantXXX.4.As I was reversing into a parking space。
another car drove into it.5.XXX in the US starting on Monday.Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova will not participate in the MPS Group XXX.When climbing together。
my father and I used to have endless ns。
from which I XXX.Some argue that producing cars with lower ns will never be as effective as cing the number of cars on the road.This XXX.The selected records for you today include American country music。
Indian music。
pop music。
and more.It is not easy to find a person with the XXX.XXX。
or even in their own home country.Many companies around the world appreciate the efforts of students who help XXX。
who study the human mind and r。
人教部编版初中英语中考 100个长难句实例分析
人教部编版初中英语中考100个长难句实例分析1. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
(全)2021中考英语-长难句分析详解+译文
中考英语-长难句分析详解+译文To a psychologist, the most interesting thing about earworms is that they show a part of our mind that is clearly outside of our control. Earworms arrive without permission and refuse to leave when we tell them to. They are parasites (寄生虫) living in a part of our minds.词汇突破：1. psychologist 心理学家；2. earworm 耳朵虫；3. clearly 显然；4. outside of our control 我们无法控制;5. without permission 未经许可；6. refuse 拒绝；7. mind 头脑，思想；拆分句子:To a psychologist, the most interesting thing about earworms is that they show a part of our mind that is clearly outside of our control.本句话拆分后：1. To a psychologist；2. the most interesting thing about earworms is that …；3. they show a part of our mind；4. that is clearly outside of our control；that指代的是a part of our mind;参考译文：对心理学家来说，关于“耳朵虫”的最有趣的地方是：它们证明我们头脑的一部分明显是不受我们控制的。
“耳朵虫”未经允许就来了；我们让它们离开时，它们却拒绝了。
英语中考复习长难句理解
2021/3/5
5. This book can give you the answers to the questions often asked by parents, teachers and students themselves.
教他们从小善事做起，比如进门时为别人撑着门让别人先进出， 这些看起来似乎不重要，但是对于帮助学生认识到如何变得礼 貌和感激别人是大有帮助。
2021/3/5
Hale Waihona Puke 谢谢再见2021/3/5
阅读☞理解 の long sentences
2021/3/5
1. Making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars.
生产污染小汽车还不如少造车。
2. Instead of owning our own car, which costs money every day, we can share cars and only pay money when we use them.
这本书会给出很多经常被父母，老师和学生问到的问题的答案。
6. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences.
拥有私家车每天都要花钱，所以当我们想用汽车时候，我们可 通过拼车方式来代替拥有自己车。
2021/3/5
3. They are nothing now, and will be nothing in the future, unless they take the advice of their parents and teachers, and most importantly, depend on themselves.
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中考长难句翻译中学英语长难句子的翻译一、英语汉语的不同1、英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念，而汉语则不同，常常使用若干短句，作层次分明的叙述。
Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.天目山林深人少，古树掩映，清泉石上流，雾生半山腰，如仙境一般。
英语句子的结构: “葡萄藤型”结构（grapevine structure），意为在短短的主干上派生出长长的枝蔓和丰硕的果实；汉语句子因为很少叠床架屋，节外生枝，而是一个短句接一个短句地往下延伸，因此被称为“竹竿型”结构（bamboo structure）。
因此，在进行英译汉时，要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异，将英语的长句分解，翻译成汉语的短句。
2、英译汉的翻译方法和技巧是建立在英汉两种语言的对比之上的。
这两种语言在词汇和句法方面的一些表达手段上各有其特点。
语序调整主要指词序、句序两方面的调整。
首先我们谈谈词序的调整。
英汉语句中的主要成分主语、谓语、宾语或表语的词序基本上是一致的，但各种定语的位置和各种状语的次序在英、汉语言中则有同有异。
汉语说“他正在卧室里睡觉”，而在英语中却说He is sleeping in the bedroom.（他睡觉在卧室。
）；英语汉语都说“他出生于北京”，"He was born in Beijing"。
一）定语位置的调整1. 单词作定语英语中，单词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词前，汉语中也大体如此。
有时英语中有后置的，译成汉语时一般都前置。
something important（后置）重要的事情（前置）如果英语中名词前的定语过多，译文中则不宜完全前置，因为汉语不习惯在名词前用过多的定语。
a little, yellow, ragged beggar（前置）一个要饭的，身材矮小，面黄肌瘦，衣衫褴褛。
（后置）2. 短语作定语英语中，修饰名词的短语一般放在名词之后，而汉语则反之，但间或也有放在后面的，视汉语习惯而定。
their plan to cross the river （后置）他们渡江的企图（前置）One day an earthquake rocked the mountain, causing one of the eggs to roll down the mountain to a chicken farm, located in the valley below.二）状语位置的调整1. 单词作状语英语中单词作状语修饰形容词或其他状语时，通常放在它所修饰的形容词或状语的前面，这一点与汉语相同。
He was very active in class.（前置）他在班上很活跃。
（前置）英语中单词作状语修饰动词时，一般放在动词之后，而在汉语里则放在动词之前。
Modern science and technology are developing rapidly．（后置）现代科学技术正在迅速发展。
（前置）英语中表示程度的状语在修饰状语时可前置也可后置，而在汉语中一般都前置。
He is running fast enough.（后置）他跑得够快的了。
（前置）2．短语作状语英语中短语状语可放在被修饰的动词之前或之后，译成汉语时则大多数放在被修饰的动词之前，但也有放在后面的。
Seeing this, some of us became very worried．（前置）看到这种情况，我们有些人心里很着急。
（前置）A jeep full sped fast, drenching me in spray．（后置）一辆坐满人的吉普车急驶而过，溅了我一身水。
（后置）英语中地点状语一般在时间状语之前，而汉语中时间状语则往往放在地点状语之前。
He was born in Beijing on May 20,1970．（地点在前）他是1970年5月20日在北京出生的。
（时间在前）英语中时间状语、地点状语的排列一般是从小到大，而汉语中则是从大到小。
三）其次我们谈谈句序的调整这里，句序是指复合句中主句和从句的时间和逻辑关系叙述的顺序。
（1）时间顺序的调整1．英语复合句中，表示时间的从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，汉语中则通常先叙述先发生的事，后叙述后发生的事。
I went out for a walk after I had my dinner．（从句在主句之后）我吃了晚饭后出去散步。
（从句在主句之前）2. 英语复合句中有时包含两个以上的时间从句，各个时间从句的次序比较灵活，汉语则一般按事情发生的先后安排其位置。
He had flown yesterday from Beijing where he spent his vocation after finishing the meeting he had taken part in Tianjin．他本来在天津开会，会议一结束，他就去北京度假了，昨天才坐飞机回来。
（2）英汉语复合句中的逻辑顺序的调整1. 表示因果关系的英语复合句中，因果顺序灵活，在汉语中多数情况是原因在前，结果在后。
He had to stay in bed because he was ill．（后置）因为他病了，他只好呆在床上。
（前置）2. 表示条件（假设）与结果关系的英语复合句中，条件（假设）与结果的顺序也不固定，在汉语中则是条件在前，结果在后。
I still hope you will come back if arrangements could be made．（后置）如果安排得好，我还是希望你来。
（前置）3. 表示目的与行动关系的英语复合句中，目的与行动的顺序比较固定，多数是行动在前，目的在后，汉语也如此，但有时为了强调，也可把目的放在行动之前。
Better take your umbrella in case it rains．（后置）最好带上伞以防下雨。
（前置）二、对长句的认识英语多长句，这是因为英语可以有后置定语。
扩展的后置定语可以是带从句或长修饰语的复杂句。
英语长句的特点是什么?一般说来，英语长句有如下几个特点:1）结构复杂，逻辑层次多;2）常须根据上下文作词义的引申;3）常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系做出判定;4）并列成分多;5）修饰语多，非凡是后置定语很长;6）习惯搭配和成语经常出现。
三、如何构成长句英语长句一般指的是各种复杂句，复杂句里可能有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、嵌套，也可能并列，平行。
所以翻译长句，实际上我们的重点主要放在对各种从句的翻译上。
从功能来说，英语有三大复合句，即:①名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。
造成长句的原因有三方面: (1) 修饰语过多;(2) 并列成分多; (3) 语言结构层次多。
四、英语中长句的处理手段英文长句皆由充当定语、状语、介词(短语)、不定式、分词短语或由关系代词、关系副词引导的各种从句所形成。
这些成分所处的位置通常就是应该作拆分处理的位置。
可以拆分的句子通常带有从句、较多短语或较多并列成分。
有时，意义比较复杂的形容词或副词也可能被译为短句，甚至于分拆成独立的句子。
这些从句、短语或并列结构等成分分拆出来后，单独译成句子，对句子主干部分进行补充说明。
有些句子仅仅剥离其修饰成分还不够，还需要将句子结构打乱，重新组合。
有时需要在译文句子当中添加表示逻辑关系的词。
1. 长难句拆分原则：把主句和从句拆分出来，把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。
2. 5个拆分信号：①标点符号：或显或隐隔离主干—两个逗号形成插入语、破折号解释说明、分号两句并列。
②连词：并列句的并列连词and，or，but，yet，for；从句的从属连词which，that，when，if等。
③介词：引导介词短语，充当修饰语。
④不定式符号to：引导不定式做主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语和补语。
⑤分词：过去分词和现在分词充当修饰语。
3. 五步拆分步骤：①隔离插入成分，寻找特殊标点②寻找连词，确定句子种类——并列句，主从句；③寻找句中的动词或动词结构④确定整句框架——标出主句主干部分及从属连词；⑤确定从句框架——标出从句主谓部分；**⑥分別翻译——主从句分别进行翻译；**⑦词句推敲——中文语言进行表述。
注：**部分为翻译要求步骤。
We all know that it is difficult to learn everything in the classroom, for example, the ways English people are living and working today can be learnt by reading.One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people, get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time.You have noticed — and yet, not being blind, perhaps you won't — how the sun shines into the tower through the windows here and there, so that one can feel the cool steps suddenly become quite warm, even in winter.The 20 students, aged 10 to 19 from Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing, began talking to Clayton C. Anderson, a 48-year-old American astronaut at 18:50 p.m. at Nanjing No. 3 Middle School when the ISS was passing over Nanjing.五、翻译方法在英语长句的翻译过程中，一般采取下列的方法：(1) 顺译法。