英语语法专项复习——定语从句
英语语法——定语从句
A. 引导定语从句1.连接词有几个？一共有9个：who , whom , whose, that, which , when , where, why, as2. 引导词的功能有哪些？⑴引导定语从句。
⑵代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。
3. 定语从句的关键是什么？判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分。
根据充当的成分选择相应的引导词。
4. 只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况？现行词前为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等不定代词时．先行词前有：all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等不定代词修饰时．先行词被叙述词修饰时．先行词被形容词最高级修饰时．先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时．先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时．主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时．在修饰时间、地点等先行词时，只有用that代替when, where等引导词。
例：I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时，常用that 代替why, which, in which，也可省略．引导词在定语从句中作表语时，多用that引导．先行词是主句表语时．例：It is a dictionary that will help you a lot.当主语以there be 开头时．当先行词是数词时．同一个复合句里有两个定语从句，一个用which，另一个通常用that．5. reason后面用什么引导？way 后面用什么引导？reason后面的定于从句用why引导。
英语语法——定语从句
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、定语从句的种类以及区别定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现将它们之间的用法及区别列表如下限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。
She has two sons who are P.L.A.men.(Maybe she has other sons who are not P.L.A.men.)非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。
She has two sons，who are P.L.A.men.(She has only two sons.They are both P.L.A.men.)三、关系代词的用法区分1.修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分•只能使用that的情况：（1）当先行词即有人又有物时。
eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.（2）当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.（3）当先行词所在句子含疑问词who，which时。
高考英语复习6.定语从句（语法）
高考英语复习6.定语从句（语法）语法讲座：定语从句一、先行词、关系代词和关系副词1．先行词(antecedent)就是被定语从句所修饰的名词。
在英语中，定语从句跟在被修饰词之后，所以被修饰词就是“先行”的词。
2．连接定语从句，要用关系代词(relative pronoun)和关系副词(relative adverb)。
关系代词和关系副词与连接词不完全相同，因为它们除了连接主句和定语从句，还在定语从句中代替一定的成分。
二、关系代词1．who先行词是“人”，在从句中代替主语。
注意：代替从句中的主语，who不能省略。
who的单复数由先行词决定。
但是要注意“one of +先行词”与“the only one of +先行词”的情况。
2．whom先行词是“人”，在从句中代替宾语。
whom在从句中经常可以省略，但如果在介词后面，则不能省。
3．which先行词是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或宾语。
which代替主语时，不能省略，它的单复数由先行词决定。
which 代替宾语时则经常省略，但如果在介词后面，那么也不能省略。
which的先行词有时还可以是前面的整个句子，这时它总是看成单数，也不能省略。
4．that先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或者宾语。
that代替主语时，不能省略，代替宾语时则经常省略。
that不能用在介词之后。
在以下三种情况时，我们一般不用关系代词who, whom, 和which，而只用that：1）先行词是不定代词如anything, something, all等词，或由all, every, little, any, much, the very 等词所修饰；2）先行词前有最高级形容词或序数词所修饰；3）先行词是由and连接的两个词，分别指“人”和“物”。
5．whose先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中代替定语。
whose不能省略。
如果先行词是“物”，我们也可以用sth. of which代替whose。
初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳定语从句是一种引导句，用来修饰主句中的其中一元素，它可以放在
句子的末尾也可以放在句子的中间，它可以表示人或物的属性、行为，也
可以表示特定的时间、地点，其可以紧挨主语或主句元素。
关于定语从句
用法，可以总结如下：
一、定语从句的关系词
1. 一般情况下，用that 或which来引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰人的时候，用who或whom来代替that或which。
二、定语从句的排列方式
1.无论是放在句首、句中还是句末，定语从句的顺序是：关系词+主
语+谓语+其他成分。
2.在句尾，定语从句可以省略关系词，但同时必须有清楚的上下文逻
辑关系，以保证语意的正确表达。
三、定语从句使用的特殊情况
1. 当定语从句改变主句的主语时，要使用as 引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰不明确的物体时，可以用whatever, whichever, who或whom来引导定语从句。
3. 当定语从句的内容被省略时，可以用all, some, any, none, little, few, much, many等来引导定语从句。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- which用于修饰物，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- who用于修饰人，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- whom用于修饰人，在非正式情况下，常省略为who，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- whose表示所属关系，修饰人或物；- when表示时间，在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句；- where表示地点，在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾，用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例：1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友，他的父亲是医生。
高中英语语法知识之定语从句
定语从句1，定义：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，它起定语的作用。
定语从句（ Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
2，定语从句的分类：限定性定语从句：对其所修饰的名词来讲是必不可少的My uncle is a man who believes in discipline.非限定性定语从句：对其所修饰的名词只是一种补充说明，并不必不可少，一般用逗号隔开。
I like to chat with John, who is a clever man.3，先行词：指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
4，关系词：定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导，前者在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，后者在从句中作状语。
关系代词that which who whom whose as关系副词when where why5，关系词常有 3 个作用：①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
限制性定语从句（无逗号）一、关系代词指人who/whom/that定语从句1. The man ( who/that stands there ) is my father.分析：把 the man 代入定语从句中是充当主语，即：The man stands there ,所以连接词可用who 和 that例句： The beautiful girl who/that wears blue coat is my girl.2. The man （whom/who/that they are talking about） is my father.分析：把 the man 代入定语从句中是充当宾语，即：They are talking about the man ,所以连接词可用who, that和whom, 也就是说whom只能是当先行词代入定语从句中充当宾语的时候才可用。
高三英语一轮复习语法专题---定语从句知识点梳理与题库
定语从句知识点梳理1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
一、关系词的用法(一)关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.4) asAs用于先行词前有as, so, such, the same修饰的限制性定语从句.You can take as many books as you need.(二) 关系副词when, where, why（在句中作状语）1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when hegrew up.注意：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.4. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。
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学考英语学习资料之语法专项补充 -定语从句⼀
第⼀部分：基础知识学习（PPT）
第⼆部分：学习效果检测
1. The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.
2. It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.
It was 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.
3. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?
4. Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?
5. In the dark street, the re wasn’t a single person ___ she could turn for help.
6. The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s hair.
7. Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.
8. Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.
9. We need the same machine ______ is being used in your factory.
10．______ the people, not things ______ are most important.
11.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.
12.This is the only book ______ I want to read.
13.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ I missed the bus.
14.The problem ______ you thought about has been completely settled.
15.Is this the tape-recorder ______you wish to have repaired?
第三部分易错点剖析
误区1：在从句中误加与关系代词同义的⼈称代词。
—This is the book that I have read _____ dozens of times.
—But I have never read _____.
A. it, ×
B. ×，it
C. it, it
D. ×，×
我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。
( )：The film we saw it last night was wonderful. ( )：The film we saw last night was wonderful
误区2：分不清是定语从句还是其他从句。
—Is this room __________ he lived in last year?
—Is this the room __________ he lived in last year?
A. that, that
B. the one, the one
C. that, the one
D. the one, that
误区3：拿不准引导词。
This is the factory ______I want to work.
This is the factory _____I want to visit.
The reason ____he can’t come is that he is ill.
The reason ____ he put forth is very important.
误区4：误认为关系代词whose只⽤于修饰⼈whose⽤作疑问代词时，主
要⽤于指⼈；但⽤作关系代词时，它既可指⼈也可指物。
如： It was an island, ___ name I have forgotten. 它是⼀座岛，名字我忘了。
误区5：混淆定语从句与并列句
（1） He told me that he had two girl-friends， neither of _______ knew
anything about the other.
（2） He told me that he had two girl-friends， and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom
B. them
C. which
D. who
做以下题⽬：
（3）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park， and _______ parents were seated together joking.
（4）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park， _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
误区6：误认为逗号后⼀定是⾮限制性定语从句。
有的同学⼀看逗号，就
以为⼀定要选which⽽不选that，但问题是有时根本就不是定语从句。
如：
(1) If a book is in English, _______ means slow progress for you.
(2) When I say two hours, _______ includes time for eating.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
误区7: in which case 和at which point的⽤法误区
in which case主要⽤于引导⾮限制性定语从语，相当于 and in that / this case，其意为“如果是那样 / 这样的话。
at which point⽤于引导定语从句，其意为“就在这时”“就在那时”等，在许多情况下相当于 and at that (this) moment。
如： She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能
迟到，因此我们应该等她。
The film started to get very violent, at which point I left. 那部电影看着看着出
现了极残暴的场⾯，我⽴刻就⾛了。
【注意】不能想当然地在 in which case， at which point加上并列连词。