学术英语(人文社科类)Unit 2

Unit 2
Suggested answers Text A Critical reading and thinking Answer the following questions.
Economics
5 What kind of obstacles do economists face when they use theory and observation like other scientists?
Unit 2
Text A
Suggested answers
Economics
Language building-up
Task 1 Specialized vocabulary 2
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the box.
7 For what reason do economists make assumptions? Because assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand. 8 What do economic models consist of? They consist of diagrams and equations. 9 What do all models in physics, biology, and economics share in common? They simplify reality to improve our understanding of it.
Text A
Suggested answers
Economics
Critical reading and thinking
Answer the following questions. 1 What kind of rhetoric device does the author use in the first two paragraphs? Analogy. 2 What is the topic sentence of Paragraph 3? Economists try to address their subject with a scientist’s objectivity. 3 Why does the author quote Albert Einstein? To support his idea about the essence of science. 4 Why is Newton’s theory still taught in undergraduate physics courses around the world? Because Newton’s theory is so successful at explaining observation.
Unit 2
Text A
Suggested answers
Economics
Language building-up
Task 1 Signpost language Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the above box. There may be more than one correct answer. 5 Most computer users have never received any formal keyboard Consequently their keyboard skills are inefficient. training. ______________ Therefore two 6 Jewish weddings are both religious and civil. __________ official applications for marriage are necessary. 7 ___________ The cause of last week’s blackouts was a large power plant suddenly going offline in Northern California. 8 Between 1990 and 1992, there were more than 1,000 led to job losses. mergers in that industry — all of which ________
The economist works as scientist a(n) _________ Using scientific methods, such as: make observations, devise theories, collect data, and analyze them.
comparative advantage deadweight loss monetary policy consumer surplus high inflation supply and dy cause buyers 1 Taxes have deadweight _______________ to consume less and sellers to produce less. supply and demand of allow you to analyze 2 The tools ___________________ many of the most important events and policies that shape the economy. Consumer surplus is a good measure of 3 ____________________ economic well-being if policymakers want to respect the preferences of buyers.
Unit 2
Text A
Suggested answers
Economics
Language building-up
Task 1 Signpost language Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the above box. There may be more than one correct answer. resulted from his experience in the Vietnam War. 1 Karlin’s novels ____________ resulted in the 2 Months of secret talks with the rebels finally __________ release of the hostages. 3 Animals have died _________________ as a consequence of coming into contact with this chemical. The reason we didn’t consider her for the job was that 4 _____________ she didn’t have enough experience.
comparative advantage deadweight loss monetary policy consumer surplus high inflation supply and demand
4 In the 1970s, when the world experienced a relatively _____________, high inflation opinion polls often placed inflation as the most important issue facing the nation. 5 It is the role of a central bank — an institution designed to oversee the banking system, to carry out monetary policy _________________, and regulate the quantity of money in the economy.
Text A
Unit 2
Economics Suggested answers
Critical reading and thinking
The tree diagram below shows how the author illustrates his points. Fill in the blanks according to the text.. Thinking like an economist
Building simplified models _________ to examine various economic issues.
Using different assumptions _____________ to answer different questions.
Unit 2
2
Economist
Just as you cannot become a mathematician, psychologist, or lawyer overnight, learning to think like an economist will take time. However, what is the economist’s way of thinking? What does it mean to think like an economist? By learning this unit, you will find the answers.