中国古代四大发明中英文版
中国古代四大发明中英文版17页文档
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四大发明简介(中英文版本)
China Ancient Four InventionsCompass, gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɔɡrəfi], is China ancient['einʃənt]four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd]country, occupy['ɔkjupai]the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zeiʃən].罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术,是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
1. Compass指南针The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mæɡnitizəm] in the long-term practice.指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。
Because of productive labor['leibə], people have found the characteristic[,kærəktə'ristik]of the magnet['mæɡnit] pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.由于生产劳动,人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。
四大发明简介(中英文版本)
China Ancient Four InventionsCompass, gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɔɡrəfi], is China ancient['einʃənt] four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd]country, occupy['ɔkjupai]the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zeiʃən].罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术,是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
1. Compass指南针The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mæɡnitizəm] in the long-term practice.指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。
Because of productive labor['leibə], people have found the characteristic[,kærəktə'ristik] of the magnet['mæɡnit]pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.由于生产劳动,人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。
中国四大发明中英文对照
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China is the world's four great inventions impact. Namely, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type.四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
CompassCompass is used to determine position of a simple instrument. Formerly known as Sinan. The main components are mounted on a shaft can freely rotate the needle (commonly known as magnet). Needle on the ground magnetic field can be maintained at the tangent magnetic radial direction. Needle points to the geographical North Pole South Pole, take advantage of this performance can be a sense of direction. Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military and so on.指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
Compass invented the ancient Chinese practice of long-term understanding of the results of magnetic objects. Ancient Chinese people into contact with magnetite, as he began to understand the nature of magnetism. It cited the first to discover the magnetic properties of iron. Then they discovered that the directivity of the magnet. After many experiments and studies, and finally invented the compass can be useful.指南针的发明是中国古人在长期的实践中对物体磁性认识的结果。
中国传统文化向外国朋友介绍 中国古代四大发明-高考英语作文突破
Step 3连词成句
Para.2 2.介绍造纸术（起源、发展和影响等） 3.在他之前，人们用龟甲、竹木片等天然材料或者是昂贵的丝织品作为书写材料。他 们除了贵，也不易携带和保存。为了解决这些问题，蔡伦用树皮、烂麻、破布和破 渔网等成功制成了纸。在那以后，纸逐渐取代了竹木和丝织品，成为写画的载体。
Before his time, people had used natural materials such as tortoise shells, animal bones, bamboo slats or expensive silk to write on. Apart from their high cost, these things were not easy to carry around or to store. To deal with these problems, Cai Lun used pieces of tree bark(树皮), sodden flax（烂麻）, rags（破布） and scraps of fishing nets （破渔网）to make paper successfully. After that, paper gradually replaced bamboo and silk as the medium for writing and painting, which has a great impact on the development of world civilization.
2.介绍造纸术（起源、发展和影响等） Para3:总结+期待
Step2 罗列要点(关键词) Para1:招呼用语+写信背景+目的
How’s everything going? be interested in / be fond of, the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China，
中国古代四大发明中英文版剖析
4、Gunpowder
Gunpowder was invented in China, dating back more than 1000 years. Research began in ancient alchemy . Alchemy was popular for a thousand years, but finally nothing. However, some of the specific methods used in alchemy still has merit, and it shows the original form of the chemical, refining methods like gunpowder. Thus the invention of gunpowder has some chance. 火药是中国人发明的，距今已有1000多年了。火药的研究始于古代 炼丹术。炼丹术流行了一千多年，最后还是一无所获。但是，炼丹术所 采用的一些具体方法还是有可取之处的，它显示了化学的原始形态，就 如火药的炼制方法。因此火药的发明具有一定的偶然性。 Gunpowder consists of saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal powder, so it is also called "black powder." 火药是用硝石、硫磺和木炭的粉末混合制成的，所以也叫“黑火 药”。
如今的造纸经验在什么时候就出现了？由谁发明？ 东汉末年，蔡伦总结了造纸经验，改进了造纸法，所以这种纸又称为“蔡候 纸”。
What raw materials used in Eastern Han Dynasty papermaking ? What is the process? Raw materials - bark, hemp head, rags, old fishing nets Process - Pulping, paper fishing, drying
四大发明用英语介绍短文
四大发明用英语介绍短文What are The Four Great Inventions?The Four Great Inventions are: The Compass，Gun powder，Papermaking，Printing Techniques.中国古代四项伟大的发明是指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术。
The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are celebrated in Chinese culture for their historic significance and as signs of ancient China’s advanced science and technology. These fourinventions greatly promoted the development of China’s economy, politics, and culture.中国古代的四大发明因其历史意义和作为中国古代先进科学技术的标志而在中国文化中受到赞扬。
这四大发明大大促进了中国经济、政治和文化的发展。
The CompassThe history of the compass can be dated back tothe Warring States Period (476–221 BC), when Chinese people used a device calledsi nan to point the direction.指南针的历史可以追溯到战国时期（公元前476-221年），当时中国人使用一种叫做司南的装置来指明方向。
After constant improvement, a round compass with a tiny needle made of magnetized steel were invented during the early Song Dynasty. One end of the tiny needle points to the south and the other points to the north. The compass was then introduced to the Arab world and Europe during the Northern Song era (960–1127).经过不断的改进，在宋朝初期发明了一种带有磁化钢制成的小针的圆形罗盘。
中国古代四大发明英语
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China is the world's four great inventions impact. Namely, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type.四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
(一)CompassCompass is used to determine position of a simple instrument. Formerly known as Sinan. The main components are mounted on a shaft can freely rotate the needle (commonly known as magnet). Needle on the ground magnetic field can be maintained at the tangent magnetic radial direction. Needle points to the geographical North Pole South Pole, take advantage of this performance can be a sense of direction. Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military and so on.(一)指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
Compass invented the ancient Chinese practice of long-term understanding of the results of magnetic objects. Ancient Chinesepeople into contact with magnetite, as he began to understand the nature of magnetism. It cited the first to discover the magnetic properties of iron. Then they discovered that the directivity of the magnet. After many experiments and studies, and finally invented the compass can be useful.指南针的发明是中国古人在长期的实践中对物体磁性认识的结果。
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External communication of gunpowder In the 13th century, gunpowder was passed by the Indian businessman into Arab countries. The Greeks knew gunpowder by translating the books of Arabs. 火药的对外传播 13 世纪火药是由商人经印度传入阿拉伯国家的。希腊人通过翻译阿拉伯人的 书籍才知道火药。 Gunpowder weapons spread through the Arab countries by war , in the period of Genghis Khan westward conquest, the Mongol army used gunpowder weapons. In the 1260 year , Kublai Khan's army was defeated in war with Syria, the Arabs seized their weapons and gunpowder, so as to equip the manufacture and use of gunpowder weapons. 火药武器是通过战争传到阿拉伯国家，成吉思汗西征，蒙古军队使用了火药 兵器。公元1260年元世祖的军队在与叙利亚作战中被击溃，阿拉伯人缴获了他 们的火药武器，从而掌握火药武器的制造和使用。 Some European countries at war with Arabs, and gradually mastered the manufacture of gunpowder and gunpowder weapons technology. 欧洲的一些国家也在与阿拉伯人进行的战争中，逐步掌握了制造火药和火药 兵器的技术。
东汉时造纸使用什么原料？有什么工序？ 原料——树皮、麻头、破布、旧鱼网 工序——制浆、捞纸、烘干
Papermaking
papermaking propagation 4th century AD, introduced to the Korean, Vietnam. 7th century, introduced to Japan, the Arab region. 12th century, spread to Europe, Africa. 造纸术对外流传 公元4世纪，传入朝鲜、越南。 公元7世纪，传入日本、阿拉伯地区。 公元12世纪，传入欧洲、非洲。
印刷术是怎么样产生的？ 最早的书籍是用手来抄写的，但是这样既费时费力也容易出错。因此就产生的 印刷术。
Most original printing - rubbing method. In 4th century AD, people put the paper on the stone rubbing, get some rubbings.This method is the most original printed methods.
The Four Great Inventions of ancient China
Papermaking
Printing
Gunpowder
Compass
1、Papermaking
When the paper appeared? What is to be made of? First paper appeared at Xi'an in the Western Han Dynasty, and it made by oakum . In 1986, a tomb in Tianshui of Gansu Province unearthed a paper map. According to appraisal of some experts ，this piece of paper is a plant fiber paper. 最早的纸出现在西汉时期的西安，是用麻絮来制成的。 1986年，在甘肃省天水的一座古墓中 出土了一幅纸地图。经专家鉴定， 认为西汉时期的纸属于植物纤维纸。
2、Printing
Printing
How is the printing generated? The earliest books are copied by hand, but then it is also timeconsuming and error-prone. Therefore， printing generated .
最原始的印刷术——拓印方法。 公元4世纪，人们把纸放在石碑上拓印，得到一些拓本。这种方法就是最原 始的印刷方法。
Woodblock printing Sui and Tang dynasties, people put words carved on wood, let the word protruding ink painted on top, then spread on top of paper, brush it. This is the famous woodblock printing.
Gunpowder
Gunpowder applications: In the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder began to be used for military. For example, people often use the "Rocket" in the fire attack. During the Song and Yuan Dynasty (AD 960 - AD 1368), gunpowder is widely used in the military, there has been a lot of gunpowder weapons, such as rockets, handguns, spears, guns and so on. 火药的应用： 唐朝末年，火药开始用于军事。比如在火攻中常使用“火箭”。 宋、元时期(公元960年~公元1368年)，军事上广泛应用火药，出现了许 多火药武器，主要有火箭、火铳、突火枪、火炮等。
雕版印刷术 隋唐时期，人们把字刻在木板上，让字凸出，在上面涂上墨，再把纸铺在上 面，刷一刷就可以了。这就是闻名的雕版印刷术。
Printing
Movable type - Bi Sheng In the 11th century, the Song Dynasty people Bi Sheng invented movable type. This printing method both effort and quickly find errors ，which can also be corrected promptly.
如今的造纸经验在什么时候就出现了？由谁发明？ 东汉末年，蔡伦总结了造纸经验，改进了造纸法，所以这种纸又称为“蔡候 纸”。
What raw materials used in Eastern Han Dynasty papermaking ? What is the process? Raw materials - bark, hemp head, rags, old fishing nets Process - Pulping, paper fishing, drying
后来人们还发明印刷质量更高的技术 木活字——铜活字——铅活字
Movable type external communication It gradually spread to Korea, Japan and Western countries.
活字印刷术对外传播 陆续传到朝鲜、日本和西方各国。
Papermaking
When it appeared that today's paper experience ? Who invented it? In Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun summarizeved paper making, so this paper is also known as "Marquis Cai's paper."
活字印刷术——毕升 公元11世纪，宋代人毕升发明了活字印刷术。这种印刷方法既省力又迅速，发现错误还可 以及时改正。
Later it was also invented a higher quality printing technology Wood type - copper type - type of lead
3、Compass
What inspired people to make the guide tools? Long ago, people discovered that lodestone can absorb the iron (which is now what we call the magnet). As early as the Warring States period, Chinese ancestors have made Si nan by lodestone to indicate direction. This is the first guide tool. 人们是受到什么启发才制造了指南工具的？ 很早以前，人们发现了能吸铁的天然磁石（即现在我们所说的磁铁）。 早在战国时期，中国先民已用天然磁石制成指示方向的司南。这就是最 早的指南工具。
In the Three Kingdoms period, Ma Jun invented the guide car. Song dynasty scientist Shen Kuo describes a method of making use of the needle pointing in its "Dream Pool Essays" . Later, it developed into a needle and bearing plate into the compass. In the late Northern Song dynasty, the compass has been used in navigation; In the Southern Song Dynasty, people have been using dial navigation. The invention of the compass, for the exchange of maritime traffic and the economic and cultural development, played a significant role. 在三国时，马钧发明了指南车。宋代科学家沈括在其《梦溪笔谈》 中记载了制作指向用的磁针的方法。后来，又发展成磁针和方位盘联成 一体的罗盘。在北宋后期，指南针已用于航海；南宋时，已使用针盘导 航。指南针的发明，对于海上交通的发展和经济文化的交流，起了极大 作用。