2018-2019 南京市鼓楼区九年级(上)期中测试
南京市鼓楼区2018-2019九年级上学期期中英语试卷及答案

鼓楼中学九年级(上)期中试卷英语一、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1.In the game Chinese Parents, designers hope kids and parents can understand each other ______ playing thegame.A. throughB. withC. underD. for2.--- Do you think you’ll win the basketball final tomorrow?--- Of course, we’re all feeling pretty ______.A. confidentB. energyC. patientD. curious3.More Chinglish spreads all over the world, ______ “long time no see” ______ “add oil” has entered OxfordEnglish Dictionary.A. Both; andB. Either; orC. Neither; norD. Not only; but also4.--- ______ taking a trip to Zijin Mountain after the exam?--- Good idea. I have dreamed of it for a long time.A. Why don’t weB. Why notC. What aboutD. Shall we5.--- Look! So many cars at the traffic lights!--- Yeah! We can’t be ______ careful when we cross the road.A. veryB. soC. tooD. quite6.I woke up at one o’clock last night. The silence was broken by the soft ______ of rain.A. whisperB. voiceC. noiseD. sound7.--- Are you happy with your work, Miss Lu?--- Sure. ______ I complete a task, I feel a real sense of achievement.A. WheneverB. UntilC. WhileD. Although8.When I travel abroad, I always feel homesick when I eat traditional Chinese food. In the sentence “homesick”describes a ______.A. sicknessB. positionC. feelingD. condition9.--- Tom fell off the bike and hurt himself!--- What? It’s a ______ that he can’t take part in the sports meeting.A. pleasureB. surpriseC. shameD. pity110.--- I keep on exercising every day but I still fail to lose weight.--- Why? A healthy diet ______ at the same time I think.A. needsB. will needC. is neededD. will be needed11.--- House are selling at a high price. I told you to buy one two years ago.--- Sorry, I missed the boat.What does the underlined phrase “missed the boat” mean in English?A. lose a chanceB. lose one’s wayC. lose heartD. lose money12.--- Dear, would you like to go to your uncle’s home for dinner?--- I don’t want to go out. I ______ stay at home and have some noodles.A. had betterB. would ratherC. need toD. have to13.--- David, could you tell me ______?--- Every four years. The 24h will be held in China in 2022.A. how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldB. how often the Winter Olympics Games are heldC. how soon will the Winter Olympics Games be heldD. how soon the Winter Olympics Games will be held14.--- Tom, I’m wondering ______ in Grade 9.--- Everything goes well. I even spend some time on my hobbies.A. why you always stay up too lateB. that you have difficulty with your studyC. how you are getting on with your friendsD. if you have enough time to do homework15.--- Thank you so much for your advice on my English pronunciation.--- ______. I’m glad my advice is of some help to you.A. Never mindB. Don’t mention itC. It doesn’t matterD. I don’t think so二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)Playing a musical instrument is a great hobby to have. I startedplaying the piano when I was five years old and ___16___ reallyenjoy it now: it’s a perfect way to relax and cheers me up when I’m___17___. When I lived at home with my parents, we had a lovelypiano in the house and I had piano lessons every week. ___18___,when I went to university, I had to leave my family, my home and2my piano behind.I missed playing the piano so much that I ___19___ all the money I got for my eighteenth birthday on a new electric piano. It was quite ___20___ to get it from the music shop to my house: I had to take a friend with me to get it into a taxi and then carry it to the door. I was able to ___21___ whenever I wanted, using headphones so that I wouldn’t disturb (打扰) my flatmates. When I was studying, I used to take a ___22___ to play something energetically. It really helped relax myself! When I was feeling homesick, playing music that I learned on my ___23___ piano made me feel better.Now I am on my year abroad and unluckily I don’t have a piano any more. I still listen to a lot of ___24___ music by my favourite composers like Beethoven (贝多芬). I find that, ___25___ when I’m listening to a piece of music that I can play, I feel nostalgic (怀旧的) for the piano keyboard. When I go home for Christmas, I will drive my family mad because I will play the piano all the time. It probably won’t sound very nice because I haven’t had any practice!16. A. even B. just C. still D. simply17. A. feeling blue B. turning white C. seeing red D. getting grey18. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Instead19. A. paid B. took C. borrowed D. spent20. A. easy B. difficult C. exciting D. expensive21. A. play B. listen C. sing D. study22. A. shower B. walk C. rest D. breath23. A. new B. old C. big D. small24. A. morden B. country C. Jazz D. classical25. A. mainly B. exactly C. especially D. certainly三、阅读理解(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)A3A. Murder on AirB. MacbethC. Love of My LifeD. Super Wings-Dizzy’s Fantastic Journey27.Mr. and Mrs. Smith want to watch “Love of My Life”, they should pay at least ______.A. 160 yuanB. 180 yuanC. 240 yuanD. 360 yuan28.Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can watch the stage play on Sunday.B. You can buy the ticket for Murder on Air.C. You can watch Love of My Life if you love music.D. You can watch the radio drama with your 5-year-old son.BRon Roy grew up in the 1950s. He lived in a small town in Connecticut. He went to a tiny school. After school he played in the woods behind his house. On the weekends he went to the movie theater with his friends. When Ron Roy was nine years old, he was given a book for his birthday. The book told a magical story. It made him want to read more and write stories of his own.Ron Roy kept reading as he want through school. He loved to read. It didn’t matter what the story was. He loved them all. This love for books led him to study English literature in college. A love for children made him want to be a teacher. After several years in school, Ron Roy started teaching. Books and stories were all around him. One day, he knew—he wanted to write books, too.So, Ron Roy got to work. Every evening after he came home from school he wrote. As soon as his story was4finished, he started another one. When each story finished, he put it in the mail. He sent every story to a book publisher (出版商). Soon, the replies started coming back to him. Each one was the same. “No.” “Sorry.” “We’re not interested.” No one wanted to print his stories. Still, Ron Roy did not give up. He kept writing. Four years later, nothing had changed … until one day, it did. One day, a letter came in the mail that said, “We would love to publish your book.” Ron Roy was over the moon. All of his hard work had finally paid off!29.What did Ron Roy do on the weekends when he was a boy?A. He read magical stories.B. He went to the library.C. He played in the woods.D. He went to the movies.30.How long did it take before his first book was published?A. four weeks.B. Four minthsC. Four Years.D. Fourteen years.31.What does the underlined phrase “over the moon” mean in the passage?A. Happy.B. Proud.C.Sleepless.D.Hopeful.CEverybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night’s sleep every night. You aren’t able to do your best and keep up with all of your tasks unless (除非) you sleep well. I’m sure you already know that you should go to bed at a proper hour. Most experts (专家) agree that the best number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that—and in some cases it will influence your schoolwork.I read an interesting article in a teacher’s magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results showed that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at suitable times but a growing number are waking up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack but because of a new phenomenon (现象): FOMO—Fear Of Missing Out!According to the article, schoolchildren are suffering because of a growing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check their phones. Afraid of missing a reply or chance to join in a chat, teenagers are waking at all times of the night, going online. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.Experts are worries about this growing trend and the report shows some worrying facts that I’d like to share with you:➢23% of 12 to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use phones. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.➢One in three students are always tired and unable to study well.➢Students who use phones during the night are more possible to suffer from depression (抑郁) and anxiety.So switch off your phones at night. The world won’t end. I give you my word that you won’t miss anything important.32.Students won’t be able to study well ______.5。
2018-2019南京市鼓楼区九年级(上)期中测试

鼓楼中学九年级(上)期中试卷英语一、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1.In the game Chinese Parents, designers hope kids and parents can understand each other ______playing the game.A. throughB. withC. underD. for2.--- Do you think you’ll win the basketball final tomorrow?--- Of course, we’re all feeling pretty ______.A. confidentB. energyC. patientD. curious3.More Chinglish spreads all over the world, ______ “long time no see” ______ “add oil”has entered Oxford English Dictionary.A. Both; andB. Either; orC. Neither; norD. Not only; but also4.--- ______ taking a trip to Zijin Mountain after the exam?--- Good idea. I have dreamed of it for a long time.A. Why don’t weB. Why notC. What aboutD. Shall we5.--- Look! So many cars at the traffic lights!--- Yeah! We can’t be ______ careful when we cross the road.A. veryB. soC. tooD. quite6.I woke up at one o’clock last night. The silence was broken by the soft ______ of rain.A. whisperB. voiceC. noiseD. sound7.--- Are you happy with your work, Miss Lu?--- Sure. ______ I complete a task, I feel a real sense of achievement.A. WheneverB. UntilC. WhileD. Although8.When I travel abroad, I always feel homesick when I eat traditional Chinese food. In thesentence “homesick” describes a ______.A. sicknessB. positionC. feelingD. condition9.--- Tom fell off the bike and hurt himself!--- What? It’s a ______ that he can’t take part in the sports meeting.A. pleasureB. surpriseC. shameD. pity10.--- I keep on exercising every day but I still fail to lose weight.--- Why? A healthy diet ______ at the same time I think.A. needsB. will needC. is neededD. will be needed11.--- House are selling at a high price. I told you to buy one two years ago.--- Sorry, I missed the boat.What does the underlined phrase “missed the boat” mean in English?A. lose a chanceB. lose one’s wayC. lose heartD. lose money12.--- Dear, would you like to go to your uncle’s home for dinner?--- I don’t want to go out. I ______ stay at home and have some noodles.A. had betterB. would ratherC. need toD. have to13.--- David, could you tell me ______?--- Every four years. The 24h will be held in China in 2022.A. how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldB. how often the Winter Olympics Games are heldC. how soon will the Winter Olympics Games be heldD. how soon the Winter Olympics Games will be held14.--- Tom, I’m wondering ______ in Grade 9.--- Everything goes well. I even spend some time on my hobbies.A. why you always stay up too lateB. that you have difficulty with your studyC. how you are getting on with your friendsD. if you have enough time todo homework15.--- Thank you so much for your advice on my English pronunciation.--- ______. I’m glad my advice is of some help to you.A. Never mindB. Don’t mention itC. It doesn’t matterD. Idon’t think so二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)Playing a musical instrument is a great hobby to have.I started playing the piano when I was five years old and___16___ really enjoy it now: it’s a perfect way to relaxand cheers me up when I’m ___17___. When I lived at homewith my parents, we had a lovely piano in the house andI had piano lessons every week. ___18___, when I went touniversity, I had to leave my family, my home and my piano behind.I missed playing the piano so much that I ___19___ all the money I got for my eighteenth birthday on a new electric piano. It was quite ___20___ to get it from the music shop to my house: I had to take a friend with me to get it into a taxi and then carry it to the door. I was able to ___21___ whenever I wanted, using headphones so that I wouldn’t disturb (打扰) my flatmates. When I was studying, I used to take a ___22___ to play something energetically. It really helped relax myself! When I was feeling homesick, playing music that I learned on my ___23___ piano made me feel better.Now I am on my year abroad and unluckily I don’t have a piano any more. I still listen to a lot of ___24___ music by my favourite composers like Beethoven (贝多芬). I find that, ___25___when I’m listening to a piece of music that I can play, I feel nostalgic (怀旧的) for the piano keyboard. When I go home for Christmas, I will drive my family mad because I will play the piano all the time. It probably won’t sound very nice because I haven’t had any practice!16.A. even B. just C. still D. simply17.A. feeling blue B. turning white C. seeing red D. getting grey18.A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Instead19.A. paid B. took C. borrowed D. spent20.A. easy B. difficult C. exciting D. expensive21.A. play B. listen C. sing D. study22.A. shower B. walk C. rest D. breath23.A. new B. old C. big D. small24.A. morden B. country C. Jazz D. classical25.A. mainly B. exactly C. especially D. certainly三、阅读理解(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)A26.Mr. Smith is interested in Shakeapeare, so he can watch ______ in Poly Theatre.A. Murder on AirB. MacbethC. Love of My LifeD. Super Wings-Dizzy’s Fantastic Journey27.Mr. and Mrs. Smith want to watch “Love of My Life”, they should pay at least ______.A. 160 yuanB. 180 yuanC. 240 yuanD. 360 yuan28.Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can watch the stage play on Sunday.B. You can buy the ticket for Murder on Air.C. You can watch Love of My Life if you love music.D. You can watch the radio drama with your 5-year-old son.BRon Roy grew up in the 1950s. He lived in a small town in Connecticut. He went to a tiny school. After school he played in the woods behind his house. On the weekends he went to the movie theater with his friends. When Ron Roy was nine years old, he was given a book for his birthday. The book told a magical story. It made him want to read more and write stories of his own.Ron Roy kept reading as he want through school. He loved to read. It didn’t matter what the story was. He loved them all. This love for books led him to study English literature in college.A love for children made him want to be a teacher. After several years in school, Ron Roy started teaching. Books and stories were all around him. One day, he knew—he wanted to write books, too.So, Ron Roy got to work. Every evening after he came home from school he wrote. As soon as his story was finished, he started another one. When each story finished, he put it in the mail. He sent every story to a book publisher (出版商). Soon, the replies started coming back to him. Each one was the same. “No.”“Sorry.”“We’re not interested.” No one wanted to print his stories. Still, Ron Roy did not give up. He kept writing. Four years later, nothing had changed …until one day, it did. One day, a letter came in the mail that said, “We would love to publish your book.” Ron Roy was over the moon. All of his hard work had finally paid off!29.What did Ron Roy do on the weekends when he was a boy?A. He read magical stories.B. He went to the library.C. He played in the woods.D. He went to the movies.30.How long did it take before his first book was published?A. four weeks.B. Four minthsC. Four Years.D. Fourteen years.31.What does the underlined phrase “over the moon” mean in the passage?A. Happy.B. Proud.C.Sleepless.D.Hopeful.CEverybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night’s sleep every night. You aren’t able to do your best and keep up with all of your tasks unless (除非) you sleep well. I’m sure you already know that you should go to bed at a proper hour. Most experts (专家) agree that the best number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that—and in some cases itwill influence your schoolwork.I read an interesting article in a teacher’s magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results showed that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at suitable times but a growing number are waking up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack but because of a new phenomenon (现象): FOMO—Fear Of Missing Out!According to the article, schoolchildren are suffering because of a growing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check their phones. Afraid of missing a reply or chance to join in a chat, teenagers are waking at all times of the night, going online. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.Experts are worries about this growing trend and the report shows some worrying facts that I’d like to share with you:23% of 12 to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use phones. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.One in three students are always tired and unable to study well.Students who use phones during the night are more possible to suffer from depression (抑郁) and anxiety.So switch off your phones at night. The world won’t end. I give you my word that you won’t miss anything important.32.Students won’t be able to study well ______.A. if they have phones in classB. if they don’t sleep wellC. if they don’t use common senseD. if they have a sound sleep33.The writer is worried by ______.A. what an expert has told himB. what he is seeing with his pupilsC. what he has read in the magazineD. what other teacher have told him34.Research shows that schoolchildren are tired because they ______.A. are going to bed very lateB. are eating snacks at nightC. are getting up too early in the morningD. are waking up in the middleof the night35.Fear Of Missing Out is ______.A. a feeling of not going out at nightB. a fear of missing the newest phonesC. a feeling of not keeping up with your tasksD. a fear of missing chances of chatting onling非选择题(共55分)四、填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为36~40的相应横线上。
2018-2019学年南京市鼓楼区九上期中数学试卷及答案

2018【鼓楼区】初三(上)数学期中试卷一、选择题(本大题共6小题,每小题2分,共12分)1.将一元二次方程x2+x=2化成一般形式ax2 +bx+c=0(a . 0)之后,一次项系数和常数项分别是()A. -1 , 2 B . 1, 1 C. 1 , -2 D. 1, 22.0 O的半径为5cm,点A到圆心O的距离OA等于3cm,则点A与O O的位置关系是()A .点A在O O上B .点A在O O内C.点A在O O外 D .无法确定3.若点P 1, a、Q -1, b都在函数y =x2的图像上,则线段PQ的长是()A . a - bB . a -bC . 4D . 24.如图,AB、AC、BD是O O的切线,切点分别为P、C、D .若AB= 5, AC = 3,贝U B D 的长是()A. 1.5 B . 2 C. 2.5 D. 3〔第4题)5 .已知平面直角坐标系中有两个二次函数y = (x 1)(x - 7), y = ( x 1)(x -15)的图像,为了使两个函数图像的对称轴重合,则需将二次函数y二(x 1)(x -15)的图像()A .向左平移4个单位B .向右平移4个单位C.向左平移8个单位D.向右平移8个单位6. 如图,从一块直径为2m的圆形铁皮上剪出一个圆心角为90 °勺扇形,则此扇形的面积为()1 亦-1A. 2 n B . n C. n D. —- — n2 2二、填空题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)7. —元二次方程x2 - 9 = 0的解是______ .&已知O O的半径为5,圆心O到直线I的距离是3,直线I与O O的位置关系为_.9.已知关于x的一元二次方程x2 kx - 6 = 0有一个根为-3,则该方程的另一个根为__________ .10 . 一个二次函数的图像经过A(0,0),B(2,4),C(4,0)三点,该函数的表达式是 _.11. 经过两次连续降价,某药品销售单价由原来的50元降到32元,(笫6题)设该药品平均每次降价的百分率为x,根据题意可列方程_________ .12. ___________________________________________________________________ 如图,扇形 OAB 的圆心角为124 ° C 是AB 上一点,则/ ACB = ___________________________16. 已知边长为1的正方形ABCD 的顶点A 、B 在一个半径为1的圆上,使 AB 边与弦MN重合,如图所示,将正方形在圆中逆时针滚动,在滚动过程中,点 M , D 之间距离的最小值是 ___________ .三、解答题(本大题共 11小题,共88分)13•已知扇形的面积为14.已知二次函数 y =ax“ - bx 亠;标y 的对应值如表格所示,那么当 6 n ,半径为2,则这个扇(a 、b 、c 为常数, (结果保留n ).图像上部分点的横坐标 x 与纵坐 x-11 2yo34 315.如图,将球从点 O 正上方2m 的A 处发出,把的水平距离x (m )满足关系式y =a ( x 一 6)2 h .边界距点发出后不出边界,则 h 的取值范围是 ______________ .()(第H边界-------- ・C,其运行的高度y (m )与运行O 的水平距离为18m .若球y > 0时,x 取值范围是 y =:口 (工一召『+ h17. (8分)解下列一元二次方程.⑴ x2- 4x - 5 = 02⑵ 2x - 5x 3 018. (8分)如图,在以点0为圆心的两个同心圆中,大圆的弦AB交小圆于点C、D.求证:AC=BD.19. (8分)已知关于x的一元二次方程x2 2x 2m - 4二0有两个不相等的实数根.⑴求m的取值范围.⑵若m为正整数,且该方程的根都是整数,求m的值.20. (8分)如图,一面利用墙(墙的最大可用长度为10m),用长为24m的篱笆围成中间隔有一道篱笆的矩形花圃,设花圃的一边AB长为xm,面积为ym2.⑴求y与x之间的函数表达式及自变量x的取值范围;⑵若要围成的花圃的面积为45m2,则AB的长应为多少?21. (8分)已知AB是O 0的直径,AP是O 0的切线,A是切点,BP与O 0交于点C. ⑴如图①,若/ P=35°,求/ ABP的度数;⑵如图②,若D为AP的中点,求证:直线CD是O 0的切线.图①22. (8分)一位运动员在距篮下4m处起跳投篮,球运行的路线是抛物线,当球运行的水平距离是2.5m时,达到最大高度 3.5m,然后准确落入篮圈.已知篮圈中心到地面的距离为 3.05m.⑴建立如图所示的直角坐标系,求抛物线的表达式;⑵该运动员身高1.8m,在这次跳投中,球在头顶上方0.25m处出手,球出手时,他跳离地面的高度是多少?23. (8分)问题:我们知道,过任意的一个三角形的三个顶点能作一个圆,这个圆叫做三角形的外接圆,那么任意的一个四边形有外接圆吗?探索:如图给出了一些四边形,填写出你认为有外接圆的图形序号_______________________________________________ ;发现:相对的内角之间满足什么关系时,四边形一定有外接圆?写出你的发现:说理:如说明理由.24. (8分)某咖啡门店计划销售一批咖啡,每杯成本30元,规定获利不高于20%•试销售期间发现,当销售单价定为35元时,每天可售出150杯,销售单价每上涨1元,每天销售量减少10杯,现门店决定提价销售•设每杯销售单价为x元•则x为多少时,门店每天销售咖啡获得的利润最大?最大利润是多少元?25. (8分)如图①,在平面直角坐标系中,二次函数y =ax2 - 6ax的图象经过点D(2, 1). ⑴求该函数表达式及顶点坐标.⑵将该二次函数的图像在x轴下方的部分沿x轴翻折,图像的其余部分保持不变,得到一个如图②所示的新图像,请补全新图像对应的函数表达式:L(xf 0或_)y 二1_(0 兰x 兰6)⑶已知点E坐标为(4, 1), P是图②中图像上一点,其横坐标为m,连接PD、PE.当厶PDE的面积为1时,直接写出m的值.26 . (8分)如图,在边长均为1的正方形网格中,AB是半圆形的直径.⑴仅用无刻度的直尺,将图①中的半圆形分成三个全等的扇形;⑵在图②中,用直尺和圆规,以点0为圆心作一个与半圆形不全等的扇形,使得扇形的面积等于半圆形的面积,并写出作法.① ②27. (8分)已知函数y=a n x2+b n x (a n V0, b n>0, n为正整数)的图像的顶点为B n,与x轴的一个交点为A n.点0为坐标原点.⑴当n=1时,函数y=a i x2+b i x图像的对称轴与函数y - -x2的图像交于点G,且四边形OB i A i C i为正方形.求a i、b i的值;⑵当n=2时,函数y=a2x2+b2x图像的对称轴与函数y=a i x2+b i x图像交于点C2,且四边形OB2A2C2为正方形,求a2、b2的值;i⑶以此类推,可得a3 - -- , b3=2 .一般地,若函数y=a n x +b n x的对称轴与函数9y =a n AX2b n J.x的图像交于点C n,且四边形OB n A n C n为正方形,请直接写出a n、b n 的值.。
江苏省南京市2018—2019学年九年级(上)期中物理试卷(word版含答案解析)

2018-2019学年九年级(上)期中物理试卷一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题3分,共24分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个选项正确)1.杠杆在生产生活中有着广泛的应用,如图所示,下列工具中属于费力杠杆的一组是()A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④2.下列关于功率的说法中,正确的是()A.物体做功越快,功率越大B.物体做功越多,功率越大C.物体做功时间越长,功率越小D.物体做功时间越短,功率越大3.小宇同学在跳绳测试中2min内跳了240次,每次跳的高度大约是5cm,则他跳绳时的功率最接近()A.5W B.50W C.500W D.5000W4.如图,一木块从斜面上匀速滑下,下列说法正确的是()A.木块只受到重力和斜面的支持力B.下滑过程中,木块的重力势能转化为动能C.下滑过程中,木块的重力势能转化为内能D.下滑过程中,木块的机械能保持不变5.如图所示的几种情况,人对物体做了功的是()A.足球被踢出去后,在地面滚动B.司机用力推车,车纹丝不动C.女孩把一箱报刊搬起来D.学生背着书包在水平路面行走6.关于内能,以下说法正确的是()A.温度为0℃的物体不具有内能B.一个物体温度升高,其内能增大C.内能相等的物体,其温度也相同D.具有机械能的物体不一定具有内能7.以下做功改变内能的实例:甲、乙、丙、丁(如图),其中将机械能转化为内能的是()A.甲和丙B.乙和丁C.乙和丙D.丙和丁8.我国随着航天事业发展需要,正在研制大功率液氢发动机.这种发动机主要是因为氢是有()A.较小的密度B.较大的比热容C.较高的热值D.较低的沸点9.关于分子,下列说法正确的是()A.增大气体体积时,分子间只存在引力B.减小气体体积时,分子间只存在斥力C.拉伸固体时,分子间距离变大,势能减小D.压缩固体时,分子间距离变小,势能增大10.某用电器正常工作时通过的电流大约为4A,该用电器可能是()A.手机B.节能灯C.遥控器D.电饭锅11.某实验小组用两个相同的小灯泡连接了如图所示的串联电路,当开关闭合后发现,甲乙两灯都不亮,为了找到故障原因.小张用一根导线线来检查.当导线与AB两点连接时,甲灯不亮乙灯亮;当导线与BC两点连接时,两灯都不亮.由此推测故障是()A.AB两点间存在短路 B.AB两点间存在断路C.BC两点间存在短路 D.BC两点间存在断路12.在图示电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合开关S 后,开关S1由闭合到断开,下列说法正确的是()A.电流表A1示数不变,电流表A 示数变小B.电流表A1示数不变,电流表A 示数变大C.电流表A1示数变大,电流表A 示数变大D.电流表A1示数变大,电流表A 示数不变二、填空题(本大题共11小题,每空1分,共26分)13.如中图所示,升旗杆顶部有一个定滑轮,使用它(选填:“能”、“不能”)省力,它的优点是.14.如图所示,某城市安装一种“按钮式红绿灯”,当路上车辆不多时,行人通过触摸按钮,使正对车辆的红灯亮起,行人安全通过,按钮相当于电路中的;红灯和绿灯是联的.15.如图,轻杆OA 可绕O 点自由转动,用细线将15N 的重物挂在 A 处,小林在 B 处用竖直向上的拉力提住轻杆,OB 和BA 长度之比为3:5,下列问题中,轻杆始终在水平位置处于平衡,(1)拉力大小为N;(2)若拉力方向变为图中虚线所示方向,则拉力将变.16.如图所示,工人用3m 长的斜面,把120kg 的木箱推上1m 高的卡车,假设斜面光滑则需要施加的推力为N;若实际用力为500N,斜面的机械效率为,重物受到的摩擦力为N.(g 取10N/kg)17.在探究不同物质吸热升温的现象后,停止加热,小源每隔一定时间又记录了实验中两种等质量物质的温度,并画出如图所示的图象,根据图象,你能发现,降低相同的温度(甲/乙,下同)放出的热量多,若要作为汽车发动机的冷却物质,你选择.18.如图所示,是家用电冰箱的部分电路图,冰箱压缩机由温控开关自动控制,冷藏室照明灯由冰箱室由冰箱门门控开关控制,冰箱门关闭后,门控开关应该处于状态(选填“断开”或“闭合”),当冰箱里的温度(选填“升高”或“降低”)到一定程度时,温控开关会自动闭合.19.在水平地面上铺一张纸,将皮球表面涂黑,使皮球分别从不同高度处自由下落,在纸上留下黑色圆斑A、B,如图所示.球从较高处下落形成的圆斑是图中(选填“A”或“B”),由此可知重力势能大小与有关.20.如图,皮球在弹跳的过程中能上升最高的高度是不断降低的,A、B两点等高.则皮球从A点向B点运动的过程中,机械能,小球在A点的速度在B的速度.21.如图所示是四冲程汽油机工作时的冲程,此过程中通过方式使气缸内燃料混合物的内能(选填“增大”或“减小”),若其工作时,曲轴转速为1200r/min,此汽油机1s 内完成个排气冲程.22.如图所示,小明在燃烧皿中放入10g 酒精,点燃后对质量为200g 的水加热,充分燃烧后,水温升高了30℃,已知水的比热容为 4.2×103J/(kg•℃),此过程中水吸收的热量为J,水的内能(增大/减小).23.如甲图电路,当开关s闭合后,电流表的指针偏转如乙图所示,其中a电流表测量的是通过(选填“电源”、“L1”或“L2”)的电流,b电流表的读数应为A.灯泡L2中的电流为A.三、解答题(本大题共10小题,合计50分;解答30、31题时应有解题过程)24.要用滑轮组将陷在泥中的汽车拉出来,试在图中画出最省力的绕绳方法.25.如图所示,利用羊角锤撬起钉子,请你在羊角锤A点处画出所能施加最小动力F1,并画出阻力F2的阻力臂L2.26.用笔画代替导线完成图中电路的实物连接.要求:两灯并联,开关控制整个电路,电流表测量通过L1、L2的总电流,导线不能交叉,并在方框内画出对应的电路图.27.在研究杠杆平衡条件的实验中:(1)为了使图甲中的杠杆在水平位置平衡,以下操作可行的是.A.左端螺母向左调B.左端螺母向右调C.右端螺母向左调D.右端螺母向右调(2)如图乙所示是小华在探究时的情况,为使杠杆平衡,她可以采取的做法是:(不添加新器材,写出一条即可).(3)在探究过程中,我们需要测量和记录动力、动力臂、阻力、阻力臂四个物理量,在进行多次实验的过程中,我们(选填“可以”“不可以”)同时改变多个量,进行杠杆平衡条件的探究.(4)如图丙所示是小芳在探究杠杆平衡时的情况,小芳的这种操作不便于;按照她的方法,当杠杆平衡时,杠杆平衡条件将成立(选填“仍然”、“不”或“可能”).(5)小美还想探究当动力和阻力在杠杆同侧时杠杆的平衡情况,于是将杠杆左侧的所有钩码拿掉,结果杠杆转至竖直位置,如图丁所示.小美在A 点施加一个始终水平向右的拉力F,却发现无论用多大的力都不能将杠杆拉至水平位置平衡,你认为原因是.28.在“探究滑轮组的机械效率”时,小明利用两组滑轮组进行了5 次测量,用一个动滑轮和一个定滑轮测定前 4 组数据,用两个动滑轮和两个定滑轮得第5 组数据,测得数据如下表:(1)请根据第1 次测量数据,在图甲中画出实验中滑轮组的绕绳方法.(2)进行第 2 次测量时,拉力做的总功为J;进行第 5 次测量时,滑轮组的机械效率为(保留三位有效数字).(3)以前,小明认为“同一个机械,它的机械效率是一个定值”,通过分析实验数据,可知他从前的观点是的(选填“正确”或“错误”).(4)有的同学认为:“机械越省力,它的机械效率越高”,你可以用小明收集数据中的第两组数据(选填实验序号)对比分析来判断这句话是错误的.(5)根据表格中的数据分析可知:在同一滑轮组中,绕线方式及物体上升的高度都不变时,仅增大物重,机械的额外功(选填“变小”、“不变”或“变大”),机械效率将会(选填“变小”、“不变”或“变大”).29.在探究“物体的动能和哪些因素有关”时(图甲),同学们提出了如下猜想:猜想一:物体动能大小与物体的质量有关;猜想二:物体动能大小与物体的运动速度有关.(1)物体动能是指(填序号)A.小球在斜面上时的动能B.小球撞击木块前的动能C.小球撞击木块后的动能D.木块的动能(2)为了便于验证猜想一,小明设计了一个此项探究的实验记录表格.请完成表头待填写的a、b 两处:(a);(b).(3)小丽发现,在第三次实验中,最终木块从水平木板的右端滑出,于是小丽用质量更大的木块替换后继续完成此次实验探究,结果木块未滑出木板右端,于是小丽总结 3 次实验得出结论.小丽的做法显然有一定的问题,请你帮助小丽给出解决问题的办法(木板长度无法改变).(4)实验时若木板与水平木板间无摩擦则不能得出结论,原因是.(5)小华用质量为m1和m2的甲乙两小球,分别放在同一斜面的不同高度由静止释放,如图所示,h1<h2,s1>s2,释放时甲的动能(选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)乙的动能.由此实验能否推断出甲乙质量的关系?(选填“能”或“否”),理由是.30.如图所示,为比较a、b 两种液体的比热容及1、2 两种燃料的热值,甲、乙、丙三图中的装置相同,燃料的质量均为10g,烧杯内的液体初温相同.当燃料燃尽时,立即读取相应温度计的读数,分别为t 甲、t 乙、t 丙,且有t 甲>t 乙>t 丙.(1)在实验中,三个烧杯中a、b 液体的必须相同;(2)比较a、b两种液体的比热容,应选择两图进行实验,液体a的比热容c a与液体b的比热容c b相比,c a c b(选填“>”、“=”、“<”);(3)比较1、2两种燃料的热值,应选择两图进行实验,燃料1的热值q1与燃料2的热值q2相比,q1q2(选填“>”、“=”、“<”).31.某同学用如图甲所示电路“探究并联电路中电流的特点”.(1)在连接电路时,开关应.当闭合开关试触时,发现电流表的指针偏转如图乙所示,原因是(选填字母).A.没有校零B.正负接线柱接线反了(2)用电流表分别测出电路中的A、B、C 处的电流,改变电源电压,重复实验,记录数据如表.表格设计中存在的不足之处是.(3)第三次测量时小明测出了支路中的电流(图丙),断开开关后只是将b 导线右边的线头接到a 点就准备测量干路中的电流,请指出小明的错误之处为.(4)为了得出具有普遍意义的并联电路中电流的特点,应该,多次实验.32.如图所示,建筑工人用滑轮组提升总重为240N 的泥桶,其中水泥重200N,动滑轮重为30N,不计滑轮与轴之间的摩擦及绳重,若工人在10s 内将绳子匀速向上拉9m,计算:(1)手拉绳子的力;(2)滑轮组的机械效率(结果保留一位小数)33.在冬天,为了使室内保持一定温度,需要燃烧一定量的天然气,用于对水加热;暖气片每小时需放出6.3×106J的热量,若流入暖气片的水温是80℃,流出的水温是65℃,问(1)求每小时至少需要燃烧天然气多少m3?(2)求每天(全天供暖)需要有多少千克80℃的热水流过暖气片?(水的比热容为:4.2×103J/(kg•℃),天然气的热值为6×107J/m3).参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题3分,共24分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个选项正确)1.杠杆在生产生活中有着广泛的应用,如图所示,下列工具中属于费力杠杆的一组是()A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④【考点】7O:杠杆的分类.【分析】结合图片和生活经验,先判断杠杆在使用过程中,动力臂和阻力臂的大小关系,再判断它是属于哪种类型的杠杆.【解答】解:①起子在使用过程中,动力臂大于阻力臂,是省力杠杆;②镊子在使用过程中,动力臂小于阻力臂,是费力杠杆;③筷子在使用过程中,动力臂小于阻力臂,是费力杠杆;④羊角锤在使用过程中,动力臂大于阻力臂,是省力杠杆.属于费力杠杆的是②③.故选C.2.下列关于功率的说法中,正确的是()A.物体做功越快,功率越大B.物体做功越多,功率越大C.物体做功时间越长,功率越小D.物体做功时间越短,功率越大【考点】FB:功率的概念.【分析】功率是描述物体做功快慢的物理量,它等于单位时间内完成的功,由所做功的多少和所用的时间决定.【解答】解:A、功率是描述物体做功快慢的物理量,物体做功越快,功率越大,故A正确;B、功率由物体所做的功与所用时间的比值决定,物体做的功多,如果用的时间很长,功率不一定大,故B错误;C、功率由物体所做的功与所用时间的比值决定,只根据做功时间无法判断功率的大小,故C错误;D、功率由物体所做的功与所用时间的比值决定,与做功时间长短无关,如果在物体做功一定的情况下,物体做功时间越长,则功率越小,故D错误;故选A.3.小宇同学在跳绳测试中2min内跳了240次,每次跳的高度大约是5cm,则他跳绳时的功率最接近()A.5W B.50W C.500W D.5000W【考点】FF:功率的计算.【分析】估测出小宇同学的质量,根据G=mg求出其重力,根据W=Gh求出每跳一次做的功,再根据P=求出其功率.【解答】解:小宇同学的质量大约是m=50kg,则重力G=mg=50kg×10N/kg=500N,每跳一次做的功W=Gh=500N×0.05m=25J,他跳绳时做的总功W总=240×25J=6000J,他跳绳时的功率P===50W.故选B.4.如图,一木块从斜面上匀速滑下,下列说法正确的是()A.木块只受到重力和斜面的支持力B.下滑过程中,木块的重力势能转化为动能C.下滑过程中,木块的重力势能转化为内能D.下滑过程中,木块的机械能保持不变【考点】FU:动能和势能的转化与守恒.【分析】(1)根据摩擦力的产生条件,判断木块在下滑的过程中是否存在摩擦力,可确定其受力情况;(2)动能的影响因素是质量和速度,重力势能的影响因素是质量和高度,机械能包括动能和重力势能.【解答】解:A、由图可知,一木块从斜面上匀速滑下时,受到重力、支持力和摩擦力的作用,故A错误;B、匀速下滑过程中,木块的速度不变,所以动能不变,不是重力势能转化为动能,故B错误;C、下滑过程中,木块的高度降低、重力势能减小,而动能不变,所以重力势能转化为内能,故C正确;D、下滑过程中,动能不变,重力势能减小,所以木块的机械能保持变小,故D错误.故选C.5.如图所示的几种情况,人对物体做了功的是()A.足球被踢出去后,在地面滚动B.司机用力推车,车纹丝不动C.女孩把一箱报刊搬起来D.学生背着书包在水平路面行走【考点】EA:力是否做功的判断.【分析】本题要抓住做功的两个必要因素:作用在物体上的力;物体在力的方向上通过的距离.二者缺一不可.【解答】解:A、足球被踢出去后,在地面滚动是因为足球具有惯性,不是受到力的作用,故不做功,不合题意;B、司机用力推车,车纹丝不动,有力但没有距离,故不做功,不合题意;C、女孩把一箱报刊搬起来,人给书一个力,书在力的方向上通过了距离,故做了功,符合题意;D、学生背着书包在水平路面行走,力的方向向上,但移动的距离方向是水平的,故不做功,不合题意.故选C.6.关于内能,以下说法正确的是()A.温度为0℃的物体不具有内能B.一个物体温度升高,其内能增大C.内能相等的物体,其温度也相同D.具有机械能的物体不一定具有内能【考点】G4:内能的概念.【分析】一切物体都有内能,内能的大小与温度、质量和状态有关;【解答】解:AD、一切物体都有内能,故AD错误;B、一个物体温度升高,其内能一定增大,故B正确;C、内能的大小与温度、质量和状态有关,内能相等的物体,其温度不一定相同,故C错误;故选:B.7.以下做功改变内能的实例:甲、乙、丙、丁(如图),其中将机械能转化为内能的是()A.甲和丙B.乙和丁C.乙和丙D.丙和丁【考点】G9:做功改变物体内能.【分析】改变物体内能的两种方式:做功和热传递,做功是能量的转化,热传递是能量的转移.【解答】解:甲图中:反复弯折铁丝,铁丝温度升高,是通过做功将机械能转化为内能的过程;乙图中:水蒸气冲开木塞,对木塞做功,是通过做功将内能转化为机械能的过程;丙图中:用力将活塞迅速压下,压缩空气做功,是机械能转化为内能的过程.丁图中,点燃后酒精燃气冲开盒盖,高温高压的燃气对盒盖做功,是内能转化为机械能;故选A.8.我国随着航天事业发展需要,正在研制大功率液氢发动机.这种发动机主要是因为氢是有()A.较小的密度B.较大的比热容C.较高的热值D.较低的沸点【考点】GJ:燃料的热值.【分析】单位质量的某种燃料完全燃烧时放出的热量叫做这种燃料的热值,燃料的热值越高,在质量相同时,完全燃烧时放出的热量越大.【解答】解:火箭燃料燃烧,必须释放很大的能量.根据这个需要,选择液氢来做燃料,原因就是热值比较大.故选C.9.关于分子,下列说法正确的是()A.增大气体体积时,分子间只存在引力B.减小气体体积时,分子间只存在斥力C.拉伸固体时,分子间距离变大,势能减小D.压缩固体时,分子间距离变小,势能增大【考点】31:分子和原子组成物质.【分析】分子间由于存在相互的作用力,从而具有的与其相对位置有关的能叫做分子势能,分子势能与分子距离有关;分子距离在平衡距离处分子势能最小.【解答】解:AB、物质是由分子或原子组成的,分子之间同时存在相互作用的引力和斥力.当增大或减小气体体积,也就是改变分子间距离时,分子间的引力和斥力都会发生变化,但引力和斥力仍然是同时存在的.此两选项均错误;CD、分子之间存在相互作用力,所以存在分子势能.当拉伸或压缩固体时,分子间距离发生变化,势能相应变化.并且无论是拉伸还是压缩固体,势能都是增大的.C选项错误,D选项正确.故选D.10.某用电器正常工作时通过的电流大约为4A,该用电器可能是()A.手机B.节能灯C.遥控器D.电饭锅【考点】HG:电流的大小.【分析】家庭电路电压是220V,已知电路电流,由P=UI求出用电器的功率;然后根据对家用电器功率的了解逐一分析,做出选择.【解答】解:该用电器的功率P=UI=220V×4A=880W;A、手机的功率一般不超过10W,不符合题意;B、节能灯的功率在20W左右,不符合题意;C、遥控器的功率一般不超过10W,不符合题意;D、电饭煲的功率在1000W左右,符合题意.故选D.11.某实验小组用两个相同的小灯泡连接了如图所示的串联电路,当开关闭合后发现,甲乙两灯都不亮,为了找到故障原因.小张用一根导线线来检查.当导线与AB两点连接时,甲灯不亮乙灯亮;当导线与BC两点连接时,两灯都不亮.由此推测故障是()A.AB两点间存在短路 B.AB两点间存在断路C.BC两点间存在短路 D.BC两点间存在断路【考点】IE:电流表、电压表在判断电路故障中的应用.【分析】由图可知两灯的连接方式,根据接入导线后灯泡的亮暗判断电路故障.【解答】解:闭合开关时两灯均不亮,说明电路中某处断路,或是两灯均短路;用导线先并联在AB两端时,发现甲不亮,乙亮,说明电路通路,两灯泡不可能短路,乙不可能断路;同时因导线与并联在BC两端时,灯均不亮,说明灯甲不可能短路,只能为灯甲发生了断路(开路).故选B.12.在图示电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合开关S 后,开关S1由闭合到断开,下列说法正确的是()A.电流表A1示数不变,电流表A 示数变小B.电流表A1示数不变,电流表A 示数变大C.电流表A1示数变大,电流表A 示数变大D.电流表A1示数变大,电流表A 示数不变【考点】IZ:电路的动态分析.【分析】由电路图可知,闭合开关S、S1时,两灯泡并联,电流表A1测L1支路的电流,电流表A测干路电流;闭合开关S、断开S1时,电路为L1的简单电路,两电流表均测通过L1的电流,根据并联电路中各支路独立工作、互不影响可知电流表A1示数的变化,根据并联电路的电流特点可知干路电流的变化.【解答】解:由电路图可知,闭合开关S、S1时,两灯泡并联,电流表A1测L1支路的电流,电流表A测干路电流;闭合开关S、断开S1时,电路为L1的简单电路,两电流表均测通过L1的电流,因并联电路中各支路独立工作、互不影响,所以,开关S1由闭合到断开时,电流表A1的示数不变,故CD错误;因并联电路中干路电流等于各支路电流之和,所以,干路电流变小,即电流表A的示数变小,故A正确、B错误.故选A.二、填空题(本大题共11小题,每空1分,共26分)13.如中图所示,升旗杆顶部有一个定滑轮,使用它不能(选填:“能”、“不能”)省力,它的优点是能改变力的方向.【考点】7V:定滑轮及其工作特点.【分析】定滑轮实质上是个等臂杠杆,使用定滑轮不能省力,但能改变动力的方向.【解答】解:定滑轮的动力臂和阻力臂都等于滑轮的半径,所以定滑轮的实质是个等臂杠杆.由杠杆的原理(F1l1=F2l2)可知:使用定滑轮不能省力,但能改变动力的方向.故答案为:不能;改变力的方向.14.如图所示,某城市安装一种“按钮式红绿灯”,当路上车辆不多时,行人通过触摸按钮,使正对车辆的红灯亮起,行人安全通过,按钮相当于电路中的开关;红灯和绿灯是并联的.【考点】HS:电路的基本连接方式.【分析】(1)电路是指用导线把电源、用电器、开关连接起来组成的电流路径;(2)并联电路可以使几个用电器在工作时互不影响,而交通指示灯工作状态总是不一致,并且互不影响,所以是并联电路;【解答】解:由题意可知,按钮相当于电路中的开关;交通指示灯可以通过不同颜色灯光的变化指挥车辆和行人,由于指示灯可以独立工作、互不影响,因此红灯和绿灯是并联连接的.故答案为:开关;并.15.如图,轻杆OA 可绕O 点自由转动,用细线将15N 的重物挂在 A 处,小林在 B 处用竖直向上的拉力提住轻杆,OB 和BA 长度之比为3:5,下列问题中,轻杆始终在水平位置处于平衡,(1)拉力大小为40N;(2)若拉力方向变为图中虚线所示方向,则拉力将变大.【考点】7T:杠杆的应用.【分析】(1)根据杠杆平衡的条件F1L1=F2L2可直接求出动力F1的大小;(2)若拉力方向变为图中虚线所示方向,阻力的力臂不变,拉力的力臂变小,根据杠杆的平衡条件可知拉力的变化.【解答】解:由图可知,O点为支点,OB为动力臂,OA为阻力臂,阻力大小等于所挂物体的重力,在B点的拉力为动力;(1)已知OB和BA长度之比为3:5,则OB:OA=3:8,由杠杆的平衡条件可知:F•OB=G•OA,所以,拉力F=×G=×15N=40N;(2)若拉力方向变为图中虚线所示方向,阻力及阻力臂不变,拉力的力臂变小,由杠杆的平衡条件F1L1=F2L2可知拉力将变大.故答案为:(1)40;(2)大.16.如图所示,工人用3m 长的斜面,把120kg 的木箱推上1m 高的卡车,假设斜面光滑则需要施加的推力为400N;若实际用力为500N,斜面的机械效率为80%,重物受到的摩擦力为100 N.(g 取10N/kg)【考点】F6:斜面的机械效率.【分析】(1)人做的有用功是将物体沿斜面推上小车,即将物体升高了h,故有用功为人克服重力做功,利用功的原理由W=mgh=Fs,可求得施加的推力;(2)利用已求得的有用功和总功,由机械效率公式可求得斜面的机械效率;(3)人做的额外功就是因为人要克服摩擦力做功,则可先求得摩擦力的功再由功的公式求得摩擦力.【解答】解:。
南京市鼓楼区2018~2019 学年第一学期期中试卷九年级物理(含答案)

南京市鼓楼区2018--2019 学年第一学期期中试卷九年级物理(本卷g取10N/kg)一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题2分,共24分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个选项正确)1.使用以下工具可以省力的是()2.60kg的人站在跷跷板某一位置时,跷跷板处于如图所示的平衡状态,由此可估测球的质量约为()A.20kgB.30kgC.60kgD.120kg3.如图所示,杠杆处于平衡状态,下列操作中能使杠杆继续保持平衡的是()A.将左右两边的钩码均向外移动一格B.将左右两边钩码的下方各加一个钩码,位置保持不变C.将左右两边的钩码各去掉一个,位置保持不变D.将左边的钩码向里移动一格,同时将右边钩码去掉一个并保持位置不变4.如图所示,不计绳重和摩擦,拉力F是125N,在10s内将重物匀速提升2m,此时滑轮组的机械效率是80%,则下列说法正确的是()A.动滑轮总重是50 NB.物体重是300NC.拉力F的功率是25WD.拉力F做的功是1000J5.下列关于功、内能和热量的描述中正确的是()A.物体的温度不变,内能一定不变B.物体温度升高,不一定是从外界吸收了热量C.温度高的物体含有的热量比温度低的物体多D.热量总是从内能大的物体向内能小的物体传递6.如图所示,小球由静止开始沿着粗糙的曲面从a点向d点自由运动,其中b和d两点在同一水平高度,则下列说法中错误..的是()A.小球从a到c加速下滑,重力势能主要转化为动能B.小球从c到d减速上坡,动能主要转化为重力势能C.小球在b和d时重力势能和动能都相等D.小球从a到d的过程中部分机械能转化为内能7.加热实验装置如图,用规格相同的两试管分别装上质量相同的煤油和水放入大烧杯中(水浴法加热),隔着石棉网对大烧杯加热.已知水的比热容比煤油的大,则在4个坐标图中能反映该实验情况的图线是()A.B.C.D.8.如图所示的电路中,闭合开关S1和S2,则()A.灯泡L1亮,L2不亮B.灯泡L2亮,L1不亮C.灯泡L1、L2都不亮D.灯泡L1、L2都亮9.如图所示是小明同学研究串联电路中电流、电压特点的实物图,当开关闭合时,灯L1不亮,灯L2亮,电流表的指针明显偏转,电压表示数为电源电压,则故障原因可能是()A.L1灯丝断了B.L1灯座两接线柱直接接通了C.L2灯丝断了D.L2灯座两接线柱直接接通了10.如图甲所示,小明用弹簧测力计拉木块,使它先后两次沿水平木板匀速滑动相同的距离,乙图是他两次拉动同一木块得到的距离随时间变化的图像.下列说法正确的是()A.木块第一次做功较少B.木块第一次受到的摩擦力较大C.木块第二次的动能较小D.木块第二次做功较快11.几只串联的水果电池,提供足够的电压点亮了一组排成V字形的发光二极管,下列关于水果电池和发光二极管的说法正确的是()A.水果电池是将内能转化为电能B.这组二极管同时发光,说明它们一定是串联的C.如果取下一只发光二极管,其他二极管不发光,说明它们一定是串联的D.如果任意取下一只发光二极管,其他二极管仍然发光,说明它们一定是并联的12.如图所示,叠放在一起的物体A和B,在大小为F=10N的恒力作用下,10s内沿水平方向匀速直线运动1m.下列结论中正确的是()A.甲、乙两图中物体B所受摩擦力大小均为10NB.甲、乙两图中物体A受到地面对它的摩擦力大小均为10NC.甲图中,力F做功1JD.乙图中,力F做功的功率为10W二、填空题(本题共8小题,每空1分,共28分)13.在家用电器中,台灯与开关的连接方式是________联,微波炉与电饭煲连接方式是________联(选填“串”或“并”).14.人体就像一部复杂的智能系统,其中包含许多物理知识.(1)如图所示,人的前臂可以看成杠杆,肘关节是支点,哑铃的压力是阻力,上臂中的肌肉对前臂施加的力是动力.从以上情形来分析,这个杠杆是一个________(省力/费力/等臂)杠杆,这个杠杆的好处是______________(2)正常人的心脏推动血液流动的功率约1.5W,那么在3s内心脏做的功是______J,这些功可把一个0.5N的鸡蛋匀速举高_______m.15.500g木材完全燃烧放的热量为6×106J,木材热值为__________J/kg,完全燃烧5kg木材放出的热量为_________J,若这些热量有40%被水吸收,则能使________kg的水温度升高80℃[水的比热为4.2×103J/(kg・℃)].(计算结果保留整数)16.如图所示,将一块1m长的木板一端架高0.4m,用50N沿木板的拉力把一个重为100N 的小铁块从底端匀速拉到顶端.这里的木板是一种简单机械,称做________,此时效率为________,木板对小铁块的摩擦力为_________N17.如图所示电路,当S1,S2都闭合时,能发光的灯泡是________,它们是________联,当S1,S2都断开时,能发光的灯泡是________,它们是________联.18.如图是教学中比较熟悉的图片情景,其中甲图是汽油机的压缩冲程,图③篮球放气.则选择①②③④图片序号填在对应符合题设条件的横线上.甲乙①②③④(1)通过热传递改变物体内能的是________;(2)与汽油机的压缩冲程能量转化相同的是________;(3)物体对外做功内能减少的是________;(4)与钻木取火(图乙)改变物体内能方式相同的是________.19.某实验小组利用如图甲所示装置对100g冰加热,每隔相同时间记录一次温度计的示数,并观察物质的状态[已知c冰=2.1×103J/(kg・℃),c水=4.2×103J/(kg・℃)].图乙、丙是两位同学根据记录的数据绘制的温度—时间图像,根据图像可知:(1)水的温度从0℃升高到10℃吸收的热量是______J,图乙、丙中B、C两点物质内能大小关系是:B点的内能________(填“>”、“=”或“<”)C点的内能;(2)设在相同时间内物质吸收的热量相同,则从图乙中获得的信息可知,在冰在熔化阶段(BC段),共吸收了______J的热量;(3)在图乙和丙中,正确的温度—时间图像是______,你判断的依据是____________.20.如图所示,用实验室中的滑轮组将重为60N的物体,以0.5m/s的速度匀速上升1.2m.(1)若拉力是30N,则此时滑轮组的机械效率为________;(2)若摩擦和绳重忽略不计,保持物体上升的速度不变,将物体提升到2.0m 的高度,则下列物理量没有变化的是________(填写序号)①机械效率②对滑轮组做的额外功③拉力的总功④拉力的功率(3)保持拉力30N不变,若摩擦和绳重产生的额外功始终占总功的10%,要使该滑轮组的机械效率η=60%,则动滑轮的重力是________N.三、解答题(本题共8小题,共48分)21.(6分)根据题设要求作图.(1)如图所示,在杠杆AB上挂了一个重为G的物体.为使杠杆在图中的位置静止.请画出作用在A处最小的动力F并标出动力臂L1;(2)如图A为撬棒的一个端点,若要在A点用最小的力F撬动石块P,请画出此时杠杆的支点O,并画出作用在A动力F的方向.(3)设计电路,要求:①只闭合S1时,灯泡发光;②只闭合S2:,灯泡不发光、电铃也不响;:③S1、S2都闭合时,灯泡发光、电铃也响.用笔画线代替导线在图中画出相应的实物连接图(导线不得交叉)22.(5分)在“探究杠杆的平衡条件”的实验中.(1)如图甲,杠杆在支架上,要使其在水平位置平衡,可将杠杆右端的平衡螺母向______调节,当杠杆在水平位置平衡时,杠杆自重的力臂为_______cm.(2)如图乙,在右边用弹测力计竖直向下拉,使杠杆在水平水平位置平衡,这样做的好处是_________.若左边钩码离支点20cm,每个钩码重为0.5N,右边弹簧测力计的挂钩离支点15cm,则此时弹簧测力计示数应为______N.(3)如图丙,当杠杆在水平位置平衡时,此时拉力的力臂________(选填“大于”、“小于”“等于”)15cm.23.(7分)在“探究影响滑轮组机械效率的因素”的实验中,小明用同一滑轮组进行了三次实验,实验数据如表(1)根据表格中的数据,在图甲中画出滑轮组的绕绳方法.(2)实验中,沿竖直方向匀速拉动弹簧测力计,使物体缓缓上升,在测量绳端所受的拉力时,弹簧测力计应_________(选填“保持静止”或“匀速上升”)(3)第三次试验时,测力计示数如图乙所示,此时绳端受到的拉力为________N.滑轮组的机械效率为_________%.(4)根据表格中的数据分析可知:①随着物重的增大,额外功________(选填“变小”“不变”或“变大”),原因是__________.②要提高同一滑轮组机械效率,可以采取_________的措施.24.(6分)如图所示是“探究物体动能的大小与哪些因素有关”的实验过程.实验中让钢球从斜面上某个高度由静止沿斜面滚下,在底部与静止在水平面上的木块发生碰撞,木块沿水平方向向右运动直至停止.(1)物体由于_________而具有的能叫做动能,实验中是通过观察__________来判断钢球的动能大小.(2)水块最终会停下来的主要原因是摩擦阻力,在此过程中木块通过________方式把动能转化为内能.(3)通过比较甲、乙两次实验,可以探究物体的动能与_________之间的关系.(4)在图甲、丙中,m2>m1,则小球下滑到斜面底端时的速度:v1______v2(选填“>”、“=”或“<”),若s3>s1,则表明物体的动能与质量的关系是:_____________.25.(7分)如图所示,甲、乙、丙三图中的装置完全相同.燃料的质量相等,烧杯内的液体质量和初温也相同.(1)若要通过实验“比较不同燃料的热值”,应选择________两图进行实验,燃料完全燃烧放出的热量的多少是通过_________来反映的(填“温度计升高的示数”或“加热时间”).(2)若想利用上述装置估测燃料的热值,那么还需要补充的实验仪器是__________,小明购买一盒薯片,取出几片用上述方法测出薯片的热值为1.4×107J/kg,他又观察到包装盒上印有“质量:100g”,他据此算出了整盒薯片能提供的热量1.4×106J.这个结果与包装盒上注明的“能量:2100kJ”不等,其中最主要原因是_______________.(3)比较不同物质吸热升温的特点,应选择__________两图进行实验.比热容的概念采用比值定义法,物理学中,将物体温度升高时吸收的热量与它的_________________的之比,叫做比热容.(4)如果质量和初始温度均相同的a、b两种液体,吸热后它们的温度随时间变化的图像如图丁所示,由图可以看出:升高相同的温度_________液体吸收热量多.26.(4分)在探究并联电路电流规律的实验中,图甲是实验的电路图.(1)小明同学在测量A处的电流时,发现电流表的指针偏转如图乙所示,原因是___________.(2)在排除故障后,电流表的示数如图丙所示,则电流表的示数为_________A.(3)下表是小红同学在实验中用两盏规格相同的小灯泡测得的实验数据.A点电流I A B点电流I B C点电流I C0.16A0.16A0.32A且各支路的电流相等.请指出小红的探究过程的两点不妥之处:①___________________________________________________;②__________________________________________________.27.(7分)如图所示,工人用200N的拉力,在15s的时间内,将重510N的建筑材料提升到6m高的楼顶上,不计绳重及摩擦,求:(1)滑轮组对物体做的功;(2)滑轮组的机械效率;(3)拉力做功的功率;(4)动滑轮的重力.28.(6分)科研人员通过实验测得某品牌汽车在不同速度行驶时的油耗,得出的结论:在速度108km/h时,百公里油耗最低(汽车行驶100km,消耗汽油5kg).并测出汽车在不同速度时受到的空气阻力,实验数据如表所示.则:(2)分析表中数据或图像可知,当该汽车速度达到60m/s时,汽车受到的阻力是_________N.(3)如果汽车以108km/h的速度匀速行驶1h,已知汽油的热值是q汽油=5.0×107J/kg.该汽车发动机的热效率为30%,(热效率是指发动机获得的机械能W机械与燃料完全燃烧产生的内能Q放之比)求:①汽车牵引力对汽车所做的功;②发动机在推进汽车过程中,输出的机械能.南京市鼓楼区2018--2019学年第一学期期中试卷九年级物理参考答案一、选择题123456789101112A B D D B C C B B C D B二、填空题13.串,并14.(1)费力,省距离;(2)4.5,915.1.2×107,6×107,7116.斜面,80%,1017.L1和L2,并,L2和L3,串18.(1)②;(2)④;(3)①③;(4)①③④19.(1)4.2×103,<;(2)4.2×103;(3)乙;水的比热容大于冰的比热容,质量相同的水和冰升高相同的温度时,水吸收的热量大于冰吸收的热量,所以加热时间应更长20.(1)66.7%;(2)①④;(3)27三、解答题21.作图如下L122.(1)右,0;(2)方便测量力臂,2;(3)小于23.(1)滑轮作图如右图;(2)匀速上升;(3)1.8,74.1;(4)①变大,滑轮的摩擦力增大;②增大物重24.(1)运动,木块被撞击后移动的距离;(2)做功;(3)速度;(4)=;物体速度一定时,质量越大,动能越大25.(1)甲乙,温度计升高的示数;(2)托盘天平;薯片燃烧放出的内能和薯片的生物质能是两个概念;(3)甲丙,质量、升高温度的乘积;(4)b26.(1)电流表正负接线柱接反了;(2)0.24;(3)①实验次数太少了,结果不具有普遍性;②灯泡规格相同,无法得到普遍的结论,应换用不同的灯泡进行实验27.(1)3060J ;(2)85%;(3)240W ;(4)90N【解】(1)510N 6m 3060J W Gh 有; (2)336m 18m s h , 200N 18m 3600J W Fs 总, 3060J 100%100%85%3600JW W 有总; (3)3600J 240W 15s W P t总; (4)3600J 3060J 540J W W W 额总有, 540J 90N6m W G h 额动28.(1)作图如下;(2)1800;(3)①4.86×107J ;②8.1×107J【解】(1)由表格数据可知,数值上(即不带单位)20.5fv ,注意f 后面的“×102”;(2)同上; (3)①速度108km/h 30m/s v ,由表格可知450N f, 根据二力平衡可知牵引力450N F f ,(备注:按题意此处只需考虑空气阻力) 路程51h 1108km/h 108km 1.08m 0s vt ,故做功57450N 1.0108m J 4.8610W Fs ;②消耗汽油的质量 1.085k .4kg g 5m ,汽油燃烧产生的内能785.4kg 5.0J/kg 2.71010J Q mq 放汽油, 机械能872.730%10J .1J 810W Q 机械放.(备注:假设发动机获得的机械能等于输出的机械能)。
江苏省南京市鼓楼区九年级(上)期中数学试卷

江苏省南京市鼓楼区九年级(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题(共6小题,每小题2分,满分12分)1.(2分)方程x2=x的根是()A.x=1B.x=﹣1C.x1=0,x2=1D.x1=0,x2=﹣1 2.(2分)一元二次方程x2﹣4x+4=0的根的情况是()A.有两个不相等的实数根B.有两个相等的实数根C.无实数根D.无法确定3.(2分)如图,圆锥的底面半径r为6cm,高h为8cm,则圆锥的侧面积为()A.30πcm2B.48πcm2C.60πcm2D.80πcm24.(2分)某单位要招聘1名英语翻译,张明参加招聘考试的成绩如表所示:听说读写张明9080 8382若把听、说、读、写的成绩按3:3:2:2计算平均成绩,则张明的平均成绩为()A.82B.83C.84D.855.(2分)如图,有一圆O通过△ABC的三个顶点.若∠B=75°,∠C=60°,且的长度为4π,则BC的长度为何?()A.8B.8C.16D.166.(2分)小明不慎把家里的圆形镜子打碎了,其中三块碎片如图所示,三块碎片中最有可能配到与原来一样大小的圆形镜子的碎片是()A.①B.②C.③D.均不可能二、填空题(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)7.(2分)用配方法解方程x2﹣4x=5时,方程的两边同时加上,使得方程左边配成一个完全平方式.8.(2分)若⊙O的直径为2,OP=2,则点P与⊙O的位置关系是:点P在⊙O.9.(2分)若一元二次方程2x2+4x+1=0的两根是x1、x2,则x1+x2的值是.10.(2分)一只不透明的袋子中装有2个红球、3个白球,这些球除颜色外都相同,摇匀后从中任意摸出一个球,摸到红球的概率是.11.(2分)如图,四个小正方形的边长都是1,若以O为圆心,OG为半径作弧分别交AB、DC于点E、F,则图中阴影部分的面积为.12.(2分)如图所示圆中,AB为直径,弦CD⊥AB,垂足为H.若HB=2,HD =4,则AH=.13.(2分)如图,AB为⊙O的直径,弦CD与AB交于点E,连接AD.若∠C =80°,∠CEA=30°,则∠CDA=°.14.(2分)如图,某单位准备将院内一块长30m,宽20m的长方形花园中修两条纵向平行和一条横向弯折的小道,剩余的地方种植花草,如图,要使种植花草的面积为532m2,设小道进出口的宽度为xm,根据条件,可列出方程:.15.(2分)将一个三角形纸板按如图所示的方式放置一个破损的量角器上,使点C落在半圆上,若点A、B处的读数分别为65°、20°,则∠ACB的大小为°.16.(2分)如图,△ABC中,∠B=90°,AB=11,BC=10,若⊙O的半径为5且与AB、BC相切,以下说法不正确的是.①圆心O是∠B的角平分线与AC的交点;②圆心O是∠B的角平分线与AB的垂直平分线的交点;③圆心O是AB的垂直平分线与BC的垂直平分线的交点;④圆心O是∠B的角平分线与BC的垂直平分线的交点.三、解答题(共11小题,满分88分)17.(8分)解下列一元二次方程.(1)x2+6x+5=0;(2)x2+x﹣1=0.18.(8分)甲、乙两名队员参加射击训练,成绩分别被制成下列两个统计图:根据以上信息,整理分析数据如下:中位数/环众数/环方差平均成绩/环甲a77 1.2乙7b8c(1)写出表格中a,b,c的值;(2)分别运用表中的四个统计量,简要分析这两名队员的射击训练成绩.若选派其中一名参赛,你认为应选哪名队员?19.(6分)已知关于x的方程mx2﹣(m+2)x+2=0(1)求证:不论m为何值,方程总有实数根;(2)若方程的一个根是2,求m的值及方程的另一个根.20.(5分)甲、乙、丙、丁4位同学进行一次乒乓球单打比赛,要从中选2名同学打第一场比赛.(1)已确定甲同学打第一场比赛,再从其余3名同学中随机选取1名,恰好选中乙同学的概率是;(2)随机选取2名同学,求其中有乙同学的概率.21.(8分)在⊙O中,AB为直径,C为⊙O上一点.(Ⅰ)如图1.过点C作⊙O的切线,与AB的延长线相交于点P,若∠CAB=27°,求∠P的大小;(Ⅱ)如图2,D为上一点,且OD经过AC的中点E,连接DC并延长,与AB的延长线相交于点P,若∠CAB=10°,求∠P的大小.22.(7分)我们知道,各类方程的解法虽然不尽相同,但是它们的基本思想都是“转化”,即把未知转化为已知.用“转化”的数学思想,我们还可以解一些新方程.认识新方程:像=x这样,根号下含有未知数的方程叫做无理方程,可以通过方程两边平方把它转化为2x+3=x2,解得x1=3,x2=﹣1.但由于两边平方,可能产生增根,所以需要检验,经检验,x2=﹣1是原方程的增根,舍去,所以原方程的解是x=3.运用以上经验,解下列方程:(1)=x;(2)x+2=6.23.(8分)圆心相同,半径不相等的两个圆叫做同心圆,用大圆的面积减去小圆的面积就是圆环的面积.(1)如图1,大圆的弦AB切小圆于点P,求证:AP=BP;(2)若AB=2a,请用含有a的代数式表示图1中的圆环面积;(3)如图2,若大圆的弦AB交小圆于C、D两点,且AB=8,CD=6,则圆环的面积为.24.(7分)某农场去年种植南瓜10亩,总产量为20000kg,今年该农场扩大了种植面积,并引进新品种,使产量增长到60000kg.已知今年种植面积的增长率是今年平均亩产量增长率的2倍,求今年平均亩产量的增长率.25.(7分)如图,已知△ABC,利用尺规完成下列作图(不写画法,保留作图痕迹).(1)作△ABC的外接圆;(2)若△ABC所在平面内有一点D,满足∠CAB=∠CDB,BC=BD,求作点D.26.(8分)某青年旅社有60间客房供游客居住,在旅游旺季,当客房的定价为每天200元时,所有客房都可以住满.客房定价每提高10元,就会有1个客房空闲,对有游客入住的客房,旅社还需要对每个房间支出20元/每天的维护费用,设每间客房的定价提高了x元.(1)填表(不需化简)入住的房间数量房间价格总维护费用提价前6020060×20提价后(2)若该青年旅社希望每天纯收入为14000元且能吸引更多的游客,则每间客房的定价应为多少元?(纯收入=总收入﹣维护费用)27.(16分)问题呈现:如图1,⊙O是Rt△ABC的外接圆,∠ABC=90°,弦BD=BA,BE⊥DC交DC 的延长线于点E.求证:BE是⊙O的切线.问题分析:连接OB,要证明BE是⊙O的切线,只要证明OB BE,由题意知∠E=90°,故只需证明OB DE.解法探究:(1)小明对这个问题进行了如下探索,请补全他的证明思路:如图2,连接AD,由∠ECB是圆内接四边形ABCD的一个外角,可证∠ECB=∠BAD,因为OB=OC,所以,因为BD=BA,所以,利用同弧所对的圆周角相等和等量代换,得到,所以DE∥OB,从而证明出BE是⊙O的切线.(2)如图3,连接AD,作直径BF交AD于点H,小丽发现BF⊥AD,请说明理由.(3)利用小丽的发现,请证明BE是⊙O的切线.(要求给出两种不同的证明方法).江苏省南京市鼓楼区九年级(上)期中数学试卷参考答案一、选择题(共6小题,每小题2分,满分12分)1.C;2.B;3.C;4.C;5.B;6.A;二、填空题(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)7.4;8.外;9.﹣2;10.;11.;12.8;13.20;14.x2﹣35x+34=0;15.22.5;16.①②③;三、解答题(共11小题,满分88分)17.;18.;19.;20.;21.;22.;23.7π;24.;25.;26.60﹣;200+x;(60﹣)×20;27.⊥;∥;∠CBO=∠BCO;∠BAD=∠BDA;∠ECB=∠CBO;。
江苏省南京市鼓楼区 2018~2019 学年第一学期期中试卷九年级英语(原卷版)

鼓楼区2019届九年级(上)期中试卷英语一、听力(略)二、单项填空1.In the game Chinese Parents, designers hope kids and parents can understand each other ______ playing the game.A. throughB. withC. underD. for2.--- Do you think you’ll win the basketball final tomorrow?--- Of course, we’re all feeling pretty ______.A. confidentB. energyC. patientD. curious3.More Chinglish spreads all over the world. ______ “long time no see” ______ “add oil” has entered Oxford English Dictionary.A. Both; andB. Either; orC. Neither; norD. Not only; but also4.--- ______ taking a trip to Zijin Mountain after the exam?--- Good idea. I have dreamed of it for a long time.A. Why don’t weB. Why notC. What aboutD. Shall we5.--- Look! So many cars at the traffic lights!--- Yeah! We can’t be ______ careful when we cross the road.A. veryB. soC. tooD. quite6.I woke up at one o’clock last night. The silence was broken by the soft ______ of rain.A. whisperB. voiceC. noiseD. sound7.--- Are you happy with your work, Miss Lu?--- Sure. ______ I complete a task, I feel a real sense of achievement.A. WheneverB. UntilC. WhileD. Although8.When I travel abroad, I always feel homesick when I eat traditional Chinese food. In the sentence “homesick” describes a ______.A. sicknessB. positionC. feelingD. condition9.--- Tom fell off the bike and hurt himself!--- What? It’s a ______ that he can’t tak e part in the sports meeting.A. pleasureB. surpriseC. shameD. pity10.--- I keep on exercising every day but I still fail to lose weight.--- Why? A healthy diet ______ at the same time, I think.A. needsB. will needC. is neededD. will be needed11.--- Houses are selling at a high price. I told you to buy one two years ago.--- Sorry, I missed the boat. What does the underlined phrase “missed the boat” mean in English?A. lose a chanceB. lose one’s wayC. lose heartD. los e money12.--- Dear, would you like to go to your uncle’s home for dinner?--- I don’t want to go out. I ______ stay at home and have some noodles.A. had betterB. would ratherC. need toD. have to13.--- David, could you tell me ______?--- Every four years. The 24h will be held in China in 2022.A. how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldB. how often the Winter Olympics Games are heldC. how soon will the Winter Olympics Games be heldD. how soon the Winter Olympics Games will be held14.--- Tom, I’m wondering ______ in Grade 9.--- Everything goes well. I even spend some time on my hobbies.A. why you always stay up too lateB. that you have difficulty with your studyC. how you are getting on with your friendsD. if you have enough time to do homework15.--- Thank you so much for your advice on my English pronunciation.--- ______. I’m glad my advice is of some help to you.A. Never mindB. Don’t mention itC. It doesn’t matterD. I don’t think so三、完形填空Playing a musical instrument is a great hobby to have. I started playing the piano when I was five years old and____16____ really enjoy it now: it’s a perfect way to relax and cheers me up when I’m ____17____. When I lived at home with my parents, we had a lovely piano in the house and I had piano lessons every week. ____18____, when I went to university, I had to leave my family, my home and my piano behind.I missed playing the piano so much that I ____19____ all the money I got for my eighteenth birthday on a new electric piano. It was quite ____20____ to get it from the music shop to my house: I had to take a friend with me to get it into a taxi and then carry it to the door. I was able to ____21____ whenever I wanted, using headphones so that I wouldn’t disturb (打扰) my flatmates. When I was studying, I used to take a ____22____ to play something energetically. It really helped relax myself! When I was feeling homesick, playing music that I learned on my____23____ piano made me feel better.Now I am on my year abroad and unluckily I don’t have a piano any more. I still listen to a lot of ____24____ music by my favourite composers like Beethoven (贝多芬). I find that, ____25____ when I’m listening to a piece of music that I can play, I feel nostalgic (怀旧的) for the piano keyboard. When I go home for Christmas, I will drive my family mad because I will play the piano all the time. It probably won’t sound very nice because I haven’t had any practice!16. A. even B. just C. still D. simply17. A. feeling blue B. turning white C. seeing red D. getting grey18. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Instead19. A. paid B. took C. borrowed D. spent20. A. easy B. difficult C. exciting D. expensive21. A. play B. listen C. sing D. study22. A. shower B. walk C. rest D. breath23. A. new B. old C. big D. small24. A. morden B. country C. Jazz D. classical25. A. mainly B. exactly C. especially D. certainly四、阅读理解A26. Mr. Smith is interested in Shakeapeare, so he can watch ______ in Poly Theatre.A. Murder on AirB. MacbethC. Love of My LifeD. Super Wings-Dizzy’s Fantastic Journey27. Mr. and Mrs. Smith want to watch “Love of My Life”, they should pay at least ______.A. 160 yuanB. 180 yuanC. 240 yuanD. 360 yuan28. Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can watch the stage play on Sunday.B. You can buy the ticket for Murder on Air.C. You can watch Love of My Life if you love music.D. You can watch the radio drama with your 5-year-old son.BRon Roy grew up in the 1950s. He lived in a small town in Connecticut. He went to a tiny school. After school he played in the woods behind his house. On the weekends he went to the movie theater with his friends. When Ron Roy was nine years old, he was given a book for his birthday. The book told a magical story. It made him want to read more and write stories of his own.Ron Roy kept reading as he want through school. He loved to read. It didn’t matter what the story was. He loved them all. This love for books led him to study English literature in college. A love for children made him want to be a teacher. After several years in school, Ron Roy started teaching. Books and stories were all around him. One day, he knew—he wanted to write books, too.So, Ron Roy got to work. Every evening after he came home from school he wrote. As soon as his story was finished, he started another one. When each story finished, he put it in the mail. He sent every story to a book publisher (出版商). Soon, the replies started coming back to him. Each one was the same. “No.” “Sorry.” “We’re not interested.” No one wanted to print his stories. Still, Ron Roy did not give up. He kept writ ing. Four years later, nothing had changed … until one day, it did. One day, a letter came in the mail that said, “We would love to publish your book.” Ron Roy was over the moon. All of his hard work had finally paid off!29. What did Ron Roy do on the weekends when he was a boy?A. He read magical stories.B. He went to the library.C. He played in the woods.D. He went to the movies.30. How long did it take before his first book was published?A. four weeks.B. Four minthsC. Four Years.D. Fourteen years.31. What does the underlined phrase “over the moon” mean in the passage?A. Happy.B. Proud.C. Sleepless.D. Hopeful.CEverybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night’s sleep every night. You aren’t able to do your best and keep up with all of your tasks unless (除非) you sleep well. I’m sure you already know that you should go to bed at a proper hour. Most experts (专家) agree that the best number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that—and in some cases it will influence your schoolwork.I read an interesting article in a teacher’s magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results showed that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at suitable times but a growing number are waking up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack but because of a new phenomenon (现象): FOMO—Fear Of Missing Out!According to the article, schoolchildren are suffering because of a growing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check their phones. Afraid of missing a reply or chance to join in a chat, teenagers are waking at all times of the night, going online. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.Experts are worries about this growing trend and the report shows some worrying facts that I’d like to share with you:23% of 12 to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use phones. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.One in three students are always tired and unable to study well.Students who use phones during the night are more possible to suffer from depression (抑郁) and anxiety.So switch off your phon es at night. The world won’t end. I give you my word that you won’t miss anything important.32. Students won’t be able to study well ______.A. if they have phones in classB. if they don’t sleep wellC. if they don’t use common senseD. if they hav e a sound sleep33. The writer is worried by ______.A. what an expert has told himB. what he is seeing with his pupilsC. what he has read in the magazineD. what other teacher have told him34. Research shows that schoolchildren are tired because they ______.A. are going to bed very lateB. are eating snacks at nightC. are getting up too early in the morningD. are waking up in the middle of the night35. Fear Of Missing Out is ______.A. a feeling of not going out at nightB. a fear of missing the newest phonesC. a feeling of not keeping up with your tasksD. a fear of missing chances of chatting onling非选择题五、填空请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为36~40的相应横线上。
2018年-2019年九年级鼓楼区统考语文第一次期中考

2018年-2019年九年级第一学期语文学科期中测试(鼓楼区统考)校区:姓名:___________得分:___________注意事项:1.本试卷6页,共120分。
考试时间为120分钟。
考生答题全部答在答题卡上,答在本试卷上无效。
2.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
一、积累与运用(26分)1.用正楷字或行楷字抄写下面的诗句。
(4分)不以物喜,不以己悲。
答案:略字体不端正扣1分。
2.下列加点词读音相同的一组是()(2分)A.游弋.一一金戈.铁马B.既.然一一可望而不可即.C.阴晦.一一诲.人不倦D.天骄.一一矫.揉造作答案:C解析:考察字音拼音辨析题,属于低等层级,等分率较高,也有许多不尽如人意之处,主要为读音掌握不准,平时读书少。
A.yìgē B.jìjí C.h uì D.jiāo jiǎo3.阅读下列语段,请在横线上正确书写汉字。
(3分)读书的秘(1)(jué)在于选得精,读得彻底。
与其囫囵吞枣地泛览十部无关轻重的书,不如心无旁(2)(wù)地精读一部真正值得读的书,因此每个读书人都应当谨记一句(3)(zhēn)言——“好书不厌百回读,熟读深思子自知”。
(1)秘(jué)(2)心无旁(wù)(3)(zhēn)言答案:诀骛箴解析:根据拼音写汉字,属于低等层级,等分率较高,但部分学生书写错误或不规范是屡见不鲜。
平时多教育学生注意书写的规范性识记的技巧性。
4.用诗文原句填空,其中第(6)题还需填写作者。
(10分)(1)长风破浪会有时,。
(李白《行路难(其一)》(2)露从今夜白,。
(杜甫《月夜忆舍弟》)(3)三年谪宦此栖迟,。
(刘长卿《长沙过贾谊宅》)(4),病树前头万木春。
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鼓楼中学九年级(上)期中试卷英语一、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1.In the game Chinese Parents, designers hope kids and parents can understand each other ______ playing thegame.A. throughB. withC. underD. for2.--- Do you think you’ll win the basketball final tomorrow?--- Of course, we’re all feeling pretty ______.A. confidentB. energyC. patientD. curious3.More Chinglish spreads all over the world, ______ “long time no see” ______ “add oil” has entered OxfordEnglish Dictionary.A. Both; andB. Either; orC. Neither; norD. Not only; but also4.--- ______ taking a trip to Zijin Mountain after the exam?--- Good idea. I have dreamed of it for a long time.A. Why don’t weB. Why notC. What aboutD. Shall we5.--- Look! So many cars at the traffic lights!--- Yeah! We can’t be ______ careful when we cross the road.A. veryB. soC. tooD. quite6.I woke up at one o’clock last night. The silence was broken by the soft ______ of rain.A. whisperB. voiceC. noiseD. sound7.--- Are you happy with your work, Miss Lu?--- Sure. ______ I complete a task, I feel a real sense of achievement.A. WheneverB. UntilC. WhileD. Although8.When I travel abroad, I always feel homesick when I eat traditional Chinese food. In the sentence “homesick”describes a ______.A. sicknessB. positionC. feelingD. condition9.--- Tom fell off the bike and hurt himself!--- What? It’s a ______ that he can’t take part in the sports meeting.A. pleasureB. surpriseC. shameD. pity10.--- I keep on exercising every day but I still fail to lose weight.--- Why? A healthy diet ______ at the same time I think.A. needsB. will needC. is neededD. will be needed11.--- House are selling at a high price. I told you to buy one two years ago.--- Sorry, I missed the boat.What does the underlined phrase “missed the boat” mean in English?A. lose a chanceB. lose one’s wayC. lose heartD. lose money12.--- Dear, would you like to go to your uncle’s home for dinner?--- I don’t want to go out. I ______ stay at home and have some noodles.A. had betterB. would ratherC. need toD. have to13.--- David, could you tell me ______?--- Every four years. The 24h will be held in China in 2022.A. how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldB. how often the Winter Olympics Games are heldC. how soon will the Winter Olympics Games be heldD. how soon the Winter Olympics Games will be held14.--- Tom, I’m wondering ______ in Grade 9.--- Everything goes well. I even spend some time on my hobbies.A. why you always stay up too lateB. that you have difficulty with your studyC. how you are getting on with your friendsD. if you have enough time to do homework15.--- Thank you so much for your advice on my English pronunciation.--- ______. I’m glad my advice is of some help to you.A. Never mindB. Don’t mention itC. It doesn’t matterD. I don’t think so二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)Playing a musical instrument is a great hobby to have. I startedplaying the piano when I was five years old and ___16___ reallyenjoy it now: it’s a perfect way to relax and cheers me up when I’m___17___. When I lived at home with my parents, we had a lovelypiano in the house and I had piano lessons every week. ___18___,when I went to university, I had to leave my family, my home andmy piano behind.I missed playing the piano so much that I ___19___ all the money I got for my eighteenth birthday on a new electric piano. It was quite ___20___ to get it from the music shop to my house: I had to take a friend with me to get it into a taxi and then carry it to the door. I was able to ___21___ whenever I wanted, using headphones so that I wouldn’t disturb (打扰) my flatmates. When I was studying, I used to take a ___22___ to play something energetically. It really helped relax myself! When I was feeling homesick, playing music that I learned on my ___23___ piano made me feel better.Now I am on my year abroad and unluckily I don’t have a piano any more. I still listen to a lot of ___24___ music by my favourite composers like Beethoven (贝多芬). I find that, ___25___ when I’m listening to a piece of music that I can play, I feel nostalgic (怀旧的) for the piano keyboard. When I go home for Christmas, I will drive my family mad because I will play the piano all the time. It probably won’t sound very nice because I haven’t hadany practice!16. A. even B. just C. still D. simply17. A. feeling blue B. turning white C. seeing red D. getting grey18. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Instead19. A. paid B. took C. borrowed D. spent20. A. easy B. difficult C. exciting D. expensive21. A. play B. listen C. sing D. study22. A. shower B. walk C. rest D. breath23. A. new B. old C. big D. small24. A. morden B. country C. Jazz D. classical25. A. mainly B. exactly C. especially D. certainly三、阅读理解(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)A26.Mr. Smith is interested in Shakeapeare, so he can watch ______ in Poly Theatre.A. Murder on AirB. MacbethC. Love of My LifeD. Super Wings-Dizzy’s Fantastic Journey27.Mr. and Mrs. Smith want to watch “Love of My Life”, they should pay at least ______.A. 160 yuanB. 180 yuanC. 240 yuanD. 360 yuan28.Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can watch the stage play on Sunday.B. You can buy the ticket for Murder on Air.C. You can watch Love of My Life if you love music.D. You can watch the radio drama with your 5-year-old son.BRon Roy grew up in the 1950s. He lived in a small town in Connecticut. He went to a tiny school. After school he played in the woods behind his house. On the weekends he went to the movie theater with his friends. When Ron Roy was nine years old, he was given a book for his birthday. The book told a magical story. It made him want to read more and write stories of his own.Ron Roy kept reading as he want through school. He loved to read. It didn’t matter what the story was. He loved them all. This love for books led him to study English literature in college. A love for children made him want to be a teacher. After several years in school, Ron Roy started teaching. Books and stories were all around him. One day, he knew—he wanted to write books, too.So, Ron Roy got to work. Every evening after he came home from school he wrote. As soon as his story was finished, he started another one. When each story finished, he put it in the mail. He sent every story to a book publisher (出版商). Soon, the replies started coming back to him. Each one was the same. “No.” “Sorry.” “We’re not interested.” No one wanted to print his stories. Still, Ron Roy did not give up. He kept writing. Four years later, nothing had changed … until one day, it did. One day, a letter came in the mail that said, “We would love to publish your book.” Ron Roy was over the moon. All of his hard work had finally paid off!29.What did Ron Roy do on the weekends when he was a boy?A. He read magical stories.B. He went to the library.C. He played in the woods.D. He went to the movies.30.How long did it take before his first book was published?A. four weeks.B. Four minthsC. Four Years.D. Fourteen years.31.What does the underlined phrase “over the moon” mean in the passage?A. Happy.B. Proud.C.Sleepless.D.Hopeful.CEverybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night’s sleep every night. You aren’t able to do your best and keep up with all of your tasks unless (除非) you sleep well. I’m sure you already know that you should go to bed at a proper hour. Most experts (专家) agree that the best number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that—and in some cases it will influence your schoolwork.I read an interesting article in a teacher’s magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results showed that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at suitable times but a growing number are waking up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack butbecause of a new phenomenon (现象): FOMO—Fear Of Missing Out!According to the article, schoolchildren are suffering because of a growing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check their phones. Afraid of missing a reply or chance to join in a chat, teenagers are waking at all times of the night, going online. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.Experts are worries about this growing trend and the report shows some worrying facts that I’d like to share with you:➢23% of 12 to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use phones. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.➢One in three students are always tired and unable to study well.➢Students who use phones during the night are more possible to suffer from depression (抑郁) and anxiety.So switch off your phones at night. The world won’t end. I give you my word that you won’t miss anything important.32.Students won’t be able to study well ______.A. if they have phones in classB. if they don’t sleep wellC. if they don’t use common senseD. if they have a sound sleep33.The writer is worried by ______.A. what an expert has told himB. what he is seeing with his pupilsC. what he has read in the magazineD. what other teacher have told him34.Research shows that schoolchildren are tired because they ______.A. are going to bed very lateB. are eating snacks at nightC. are getting up too early in the morningD. are waking up in the middle of the night35.Fear Of Missing Out is ______.A. a feeling of not going out at nightB. a fear of missing the newest phonesC. a feeling of not keeping up with your tasksD. a fear of missing chances of chatting onling非选择题(共55分)四、填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为36~40的相应横线上。