托福TPO14独立写作题目文本+满分范文

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托福TPO14口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO14口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO14口语Task4阅读文本： Comfort Zone Bias Psychologists have found that when people make important decisions, they often choose to stay in their “comfort zones”, that is, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones. This tendency is often referred to as the comfort zone bias. When people are reasonable content, they often decide not to pursue a new opportunity, even if it attracts them and offers more advantages. Psychologists believe that the comfort zone bias exists not only because we have a natural preference for what we already know, but also because we want to avoid taking risks. 托福TPO14口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class. (male professor) OK, so this comes up a lot when people make career decisions.A friend of mine from college always wanted to be a film reviewer. He was a film major and he loved movies. Most of all, he loved to write about movies. So, when he graduated, he looked for a job as a film reviewer for a newspaper, because as a film reviewer, he gets to see films for free and would be paid to write about them.That's what he loved! But, he couldn't find the job as a film reviewer. So, he took a position as a news reporter instead, for a newspaper, investigating stories, writing about events, what news reporters do.Now, at first, my friend wasn't sure if he'd be any good at this. He'd never been as a news reporter before. But, eventually, he adjusted and gained confidence and he got used to the job. And he realized he was actually a pretty good reporter.Anyway, here's the thing: after a few years, the film reviewer for the paper where he worked quit, and my friend was offered her job. This was his dream, right? Here’s opportunity to be a film reviewer had finally come! And the new job would actually pay more, too.But, did he take the job? No! He turned it down. He told me he’d gotten used to being a news reporter and he just didn't want to try something else. It seemed like too big a change, since, well, there was a chance the new job might not work out. 托福TPO14口语Task4题目： Using the example from the lecture, explain the comport zone bias. 托福TPO14口语Task4满分范文： When making important decisions, people prefer to remain in familiar situations that make them feel comfortable and give up new opportunities. This tendency is called comfort zone bias. And the professor takes his friend's experience. One of his friends in college was a film major who was crazy about films. However, he couldn't find a job as a film reviewer, so he became a news reporter instead. It wasn't easy for him to become a journalist at first, but when he adapted himself to the job, he realized that he was actually good at it, and therefore a job reporter became his comfort zone. So later even when he was offered the position of a film reviewer, he declined it because of his bias toward his reporter job. (181 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO14口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

TPO14综合写作参考范文兼模板（新）

TPO14综合写‎作参考范文兼模板‎TPO14综合‎写作参考范文兼模‎板The l‎e turer a‎n d the r‎e ading p‎a ssage h‎o ld plet‎e l diffe‎r ent vie‎s toard ‎t he prat‎i e of sa‎l vage lo‎g ging, h‎i h is th‎e remova‎l of dea‎d trees ‎f rom a f‎o rest af‎t er a fi‎r e or a ‎s torm.F‎i rst, th‎e leture‎r states‎that re‎m oving d‎e ad tree‎s is not‎good fo‎r the he‎a lth of ‎a forest‎beause ‎i t depri‎v es it o‎f the nu‎t rients ‎n eessar ‎f or futu‎r e tree ‎g roth, h‎i h dead ‎t rees re‎l ease in‎t o the s‎o il as t‎h e depos‎e. In on‎t rast, t‎h e readi‎n g passa‎g e state‎s that r‎e moving ‎o ld tree‎s provid‎e s more ‎s pae in ‎h ih ne g‎e neratio‎n s of fr‎e sh tree‎s an gro‎more he‎a lthil.‎S eond, t‎h e letur‎e r argue‎s that s‎o me inse‎t s and b‎i rds tha‎t inhabi‎t dead t‎r ees are‎benefii‎a l for t‎r ee grot‎h, and a‎fe that‎are tho‎u ght to ‎b e harmf‎u l have ‎s hon no ‎e videne ‎o f ausin‎g signif‎i ant dam‎a ge to t‎h e fores‎t. So b ‎e liminat‎i ng both‎harmful‎and ben‎e fiial b‎i rds and‎insets,‎salvage‎logging‎ma ause‎unanted‎damage ‎t o the f‎o rest in‎the lon‎g run. T‎h e readi‎n g, hoev‎e r, ment‎i ons onl‎harmful‎insets ‎a nd the ‎s prue ba‎r k beetl‎e in par‎t iular. ‎I t point‎s out th‎a t beaus‎e learin‎g the fo‎r est of ‎d ead tre‎e s also ‎d estros ‎t he habi‎t at of t‎h ese har‎m ful ins‎e ts, it ‎e nsures ‎t he heal‎t h reove‎r of a f‎o rest af‎t er a fi‎r e.Fina‎l l ith r‎e gard to‎eonomi ‎i mpat, t‎h e letur‎e r argue‎s agains‎t salvag‎e loggin‎g beause‎the dea‎d trees ‎a n onl b‎e salvag‎e d at a ‎v er high‎ost, an‎d the em‎p loment ‎a ssoiate‎d ith sa‎l vage lo‎g ging is‎often t‎e mporar ‎a nd take‎n b non-‎n ative r‎e sidents‎.On the‎other h‎a nd, the‎reading‎argues ‎t hat thi‎s pratie‎provide‎s manin‎d ustries‎ith the‎ood nee‎s sar to ‎s ustain ‎t heir pr‎o dution ‎a nd offe‎r emplom‎e nt oppo‎r tunitie‎s to loa‎l people‎.The l‎e turer a‎n d the r‎e ading p‎a ssage h‎o ld plet‎e l diffe‎r ent vie‎stoard ‎t he prat‎i e of sa‎l vage lo‎g ging, h‎i h is th‎e remova‎l of dea‎d trees ‎f rom a f‎o rest af‎t er a fi‎r e or a ‎s torm.F‎i rst, th‎e leture‎r states‎that re‎m oving d‎e ad tree‎s is not‎good fo‎r the he‎a lth of ‎a forest‎beause ‎i t depri‎v es it o‎f the nu‎t rients ‎n eessar ‎f or futu‎r e tree ‎g roth, h‎i h dead ‎t rees re‎l ease in‎t o the s‎o il as t‎h e depos‎e. In on‎t rast, t‎h e readi‎n g passa‎g e state‎s that r‎e moving ‎o ld tree‎s provid‎e s more ‎s pae in ‎h ih ne g‎e neratio‎n s of fr‎e sh tree‎s an gro‎more he‎a lthil.‎S eond, t‎h e letur‎e r argue‎s that s‎o me inse‎t s and b‎i rds tha‎t inhabi‎t dead t‎r ees are‎benefii‎a l for t‎r ee grot‎h, and a‎fe that‎are tho‎u ght to ‎b e harmf‎u l have ‎s hon no ‎e videne ‎o f ausin‎g signif‎i ant dam‎a ge to t‎h e fores‎t. So b ‎e liminat‎i ng both‎harmful‎and ben‎e fiial b‎i rds and‎insets,‎salvage‎logging‎ma ause‎unanted‎damage ‎t o the f‎o rest in‎the lon‎g run. T‎h e readi‎n g, hoev‎e r, ment‎i ons onl‎harmful‎insets ‎a nd the ‎s prue ba‎r k beetl‎e in par‎t iular. ‎I t point‎s out th‎a t beaus‎e learin‎g the fo‎r est of ‎d ead tre‎e s also ‎d estros ‎t he habi‎t at of t‎h ese har‎m ful ins‎e ts, it ‎e nsures ‎t he heal‎t h reove‎r of a f‎o rest af‎t er a fi‎r e.Fina‎l l ith r‎e gard to‎eonomi ‎i mpat, t‎h e letur‎e r argue‎s agains‎t salvag‎e loggin‎g beause‎the dea‎d trees ‎a n onl b‎e salvag‎e d at a ‎v er high‎ost, an‎d the em‎p loment ‎a ssoiate‎d ith sa‎l vage lo‎g ging is‎often t‎e mporar ‎a nd take‎n b non-‎n ative r‎e sidents‎.On the‎other h‎a nd, the‎reading‎argues ‎t hat thi‎s pratie‎provide‎s manin‎d ustries‎ith the‎ood nee‎s sar to ‎s ustain ‎t heir pr‎o dution ‎a nd offe‎r emplom‎e nt oppo‎r tunitie‎s to loa‎l people‎.‎。

托福TPO14综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文【雷哥托福】

托福TPO14综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文【雷哥托福整理】在备考托福写作的过程中，总是将托福的独立作文放在了第一位，但是实际上，综合作文也是占到了作文总分30分里面的50%的分值，不要等到分数出来了，才发现其实是综合作文的limited或者fair极大的影响了自己的分数。

考过的同学会发现托福综合作文分数不高，很大程度上是受我们听力实力的影响，我们很多托福考生的听力分数只有16分上下的时候，对于托福综合作文的听力妥妥的是束手无策，而且很多托福考生还感觉自己都听懂了，那也只能说明你听懂了大意，但是听力里面要的是每一个细节！请注意，是每一个细节！雷哥托福小托君给大家分享TPO1-30综合作文部分的阅读和听力文本全集与综合作文的满分作文，以及满分作文的解析。

如果自己的托福综合作文分数如果可以很给力的话，就已经搞定了15分的分数，可极大地缓解托福独立作文的压力。

文末教你如何使用这个材料。

TPO14 综合写作听力+阅读原文ReadingEvery year, forest fires and severe storms cause a great deal of damage to forests in the northwestern United States. One way of dealing with the aftermath of these disasters is called salvage logging, which is the practice of removing dead trees from affected areas and using the wood for lumber, plywood, and other wood products. There are several reasons why salvage logging is beneficial both to a damaged forest and to the economy.First, after a devastating fire, forests are choked with dead trees. If the trees are not removed, they will take years to decompose; in the meantime, no new trees can grow in the cramped spaces. Salvage logging, however, removes the remains of dead treesand makes room for fresh growth immediately, which i s likely to help forest areas recover from the disaster.Also, dead trees do more than just take up space. Decaying wood is a highly suitable habitat for insects such as the spruce bark beetle, which in large numbers can damage live, healthy spruce trees. So by removing rotting wood, salvage logging helps minimize the dangers of insect infestation, thus contributing to the health of the forest.Third and last, salvage logging has economic benefits. Many industries depend upon the forests for their production, and because of this a fire can have a very harmful effect on the economy. Often, however, the trees that have been damaged by natural disasters still can provide much wood that is usable by industries. Furthermore, salvage logging requires more workers than traditional logging operations do, and so it helps create additional jobs for local residents.ListeningProfessor: Salvage logging may appear to be an effective way of helping forests recover after a destructive fire or storm, but it can actually result in seriouslonger-term environmental damage. Its economic benefits are also questionable.First, cleaning up a forest after a fire or storm does not necessarily create the right conditions for tree growth. In fact, the natural process of wood decomposition enriches the soil and makes it more suitable for future generations of tree. The rapid removal of dead trees can result in soil that lacks the nutrients necessary for growth.Second, it's true that rotting wood can increase insect populations, but is this really bad for the forest? In fact, spruce bark beetles have lived in Alaskan forest for nearly a hundred years without causing major damage. And of course dead trees do not provide habitats only for harmful insects. They are also used by birds and other insects that are important contributors to the long-term health of forests. In the longrun, therefore, salvage logging may end updoing more harm to forests than harmful insects do.And third, the economic benefits of salvage logging are small and don’t last very long, in severely damaged forests, much of the lumber can be recovered only by using helicopters and other vehicles that are expensive to use and maintain. Furthermore, jobs created by salvage logging are only temporary and are often fitted by outsiders with more experience or training than local residents have.首先，就是在自己做托福TPO模考之后，可以根据这里面的听力的文本，来检验自己的听力内容是否抓的足够好，尤其是要看写的够不够全！很多时候，我们的综合作文之所以分低，就是因为听力写的不全！第二点，也可以用于在托福考试前来做跟读，有不少托福考生跟小托君说，自己的口语实力不够，那么做跟读，仔细地来模仿ETS官方素材，是一个很好的提高自己口语的方式。

托福综合写作范文TPO14

TPO 14According to the reading passage, the author believes salvage logging benefits both a damaged forest and the economy. In the lecture, however, the professor asserts that salvage logging can cause severe long-term environment damage.First, the professor argues salvage logging doesn't necessarily create the right condition for tree grows. She points out the fact that the natural progress of wood decomposition makes soil more comfortable for future generations. This contradicts with the idea of the reading passage that salvage logging promote the forest areas recover after disaster by removing dead trees. Second, the professor cast doubt on the author's idea that salvage logging is beneficial to the environment of the forest by decreasing the damage of insect infection. She claims salvage logging may do more harm to forest than harmful insects, saying that dead woods are not only used by harmful insects but also by birds and other contributive insects.Third, though the author thinks salvage logging has economic benefits, the professor contends that the benefits are small and don't last long. She states that the devises used for salvage logging are expensive to use and maintain, and that new jobs are temporary and often fitted by outsiders.Exercise 3According to the reading passage, the author believes drug testing is unnecessary. In the lecture, however, the professor claims that drug testing is actually underestimated.First, the professor cast doubt on the idea of the reading passage that drugging test is time-consuming. He argues that the safety of patients should be No.1 and that the waiting is worthwhile. He illustrates an example that once a new drug was put into market with drugging test only on adults, which caused many death of children later.Second, though the author argues that drug testing is expensive so that some patients cannot afford new drugs, the professor asserts that patients would spend more money without drug testing. He points out that it would cost more if there were anchy side effects, and that the test data helps the research.Third, the professor contends that MedWatch system is not accurate enough, which contradicts the idea of the reading passage that MedWatch system can replace drug testing. He reminds us that the volunteers may be too overworked or overbooked to write down concrete and specific records.。

托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO14独立口语Task2题目： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways to learn is by making mistakes. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion. 托福TPO14独立口语Task2满分范文： I totally agree with this statement that making mistakes is one of the best ways to learn. Through mistakes, we can learn what we don’t understand. After understanding the things we don’t know previously, we improve. Like in high school I had difficulty solving math problems. But I always remembered the problems I couldn’t solve. After asking teachers and discussing with classmates, I could work out these problems easily. Then I improved. Also, sometimes making a mistake is like learning a lesson. When I first went to a western restaurant, I directly went in to find empty seats. Fortunately, my American friend pulled me back and told me that I should wait until a waiter comes by and takes me to the seats. I make a mistake but I gained knowledge. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

2019年TPO14托福口语Task3原文及参考答案

2019年TPO14托福口语Task3原文及参考答案TPO14口语Task3题目：PassageUniversity Should Allow Eating in ClassCurrently, there is a university-wide policy that prohibits eating in the classroom. I disagree with this policy. I think students should be allowed to eat in class. This change would be good for two reasons. For one thing, if students were permitted to eat, they would be able to concentrate better, because students often get hungry during long classes, and hunger makes it difficult to concentrate. Also, if food were allowed in classroom, it would be possible for us to have in-class parties on the last day of class –with snack foods and beverages – to celebrate the end of each semester.Sincerely,Nancy MyersConversationNow listen to two students discussing the letter.Woman： Did you see this letter, Jen?Man： Yeah.Woman： Be kind of nice to do that, huh?Man：No, actually, I don’t think it’s a good idea.Woman： Why not?Man：Well, like the part about how it’ll help students concentrate, I mean, maybe a little snack will help theperson who ’s eating it, but, the trouble is that it ma kesit hard for everyone else to concentrate cause they have to listen to someone munching on chips, or biting into an apple, or crinkling paper wrappers.Woman： I guess it can be kind of disruptive.Man：Yeah! It will interfere with everyone’sconcent ration. You wouldn’t be able to pay attention withall the noises going on.Woman： OK, I guess I will have to agree with you on that, but what about her other reason? It would be nice to be ableto have some fun at the end of the semester, right?Man：No, there’s a problem with that, too.Woman： Why?Man：Well, I don’t think it’s appropriate to use class time for that kind of thing. I mean, the last class isusually pretty important, that’s when we do a lot ofreviewing for final exams.Woman： True!Man： If we use that time for that, we probably wouldn't have time to do as much reviewing, which means we wouldn't be as well prepared for exams.Woman：Yeah, I haven’t thought of that.QuestionThe man expresses his opinion about the proposal in the newspaper. Briefly summarize the proposal, then state the man’s opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.Key Points1. hunger2. parties。

托福阅读TPO14（试题+答案+译文）第1篇：儿童与广告

托福阅读TPO14(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:儿童与广告推荐文章老托福阅读真题及答案：PASSAGE30 热度：老托福阅读100篇passage33试题及答案热度：老托福阅读真题及答案：PASSAGE2 热度：老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27 热度：老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE30 热度：为了帮助大家备考托福阅读，提高成绩，下面小编给大家带来托福阅读TPO14(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:儿童与广告，希望大家喜欢!托福阅读原文【1】Young children are trustingof commercial advertisements in the media, and advertisers have sometimes beenaccused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook. The IndependentTelevision Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom,has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness"—creating a wrongimpression either intentionally or unintentionally—in an effort to controladvertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge thetrue size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.【2】General concern aboutmisleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use ofexaggeration. Consumer protection groups and parents believe that children arelargely ill-equipped to recognize such techniques and that often exaggerationis used at the expense of product information. Claims such as "thebest" or "better than" can be subjective and misleading; evenadults may be unsure as to their meaning. They represent the advertiser'sopinions about the qualities of their products or brand and, as a consequence,are difficult to verify. Advertisers sometimes offset or counterbalance anexaggeratedclaim with a disclaimer—a qualification or condition on the claim.For example, the claim that breakfast cereal has a health benefit may beaccompanied by the disclaimer "when part of a nutritionally balancedbreakfast." However, research has shown that children often havedifficulty understanding disclaimers: children may interpret the phrase"when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast" to mean that thecereal is required as a necessary part of a balanced breakfast. The authorGeorge Comstock suggested that less than a quarter of children between the agesof six and eight years old understood standard disclaimers used in many toyadvertisements and that disclaimers are more readily comprehended whenpresented in both audio and visual formats. Nevertheless, disclaimers aremainly presented in audio format only.【3】Fantasy is one of the morecommon techniques in advertising that could possibly mislead a young audience.Child-oriented advertisements are more likely to include magic and fantasy thanadvertisements aimed at adults. In a content analysis of Canadian television,the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for charactertoys featured fantasy play. Children have strong imaginations and the use offantasy brings their ideas to life, but children may not be adept enough torealize that what they are viewing is unreal. Fantasy situations and settingsare frequently used to attract children's attention, particularly in foodadvertising. Advertisements for breakfast cereals have, for many years, beenfound to be especially fond of fantasy techniques, with almost nine out of ten includingsuch content. Generally, there is uncertainty as to whether very young childrencan distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising. Certainly, rationalappeals in advertising aimed at children arelimited, as most advertisementsuse emotional and indirect appeals to psychological states or associations.【4】The use of celebrities suchas singers and movie stars is common in advertising. The intention is for thepositively perceived attributes of the celebrity to be transferred to the advertisedproduct and for the two to become automatically linked in the audience's mind.In children's advertising, the "celebrities" are often animatedfigures from popular cartoons. In the recent past, the role of celebrities inadvertising to children has often been conflated with the concept of hostselling. Host selling involves blending advertisements with regular programmingin a way that makes it difficult todistinguish one from the other. Host selling occurs, for example, when achildren's show about a cartoon lion contains an ad in which the same lionpromotes a breakfast cereal. The psychologist Dale Kunkel showed that thepractice of host selling reduced children's ability to distinguish betweenadvertising and program material. It was also found that older childrenresponded more positively to products in host selling advertisements.【5】Regarding the appearance ofcelebrities in advertisements that do not involve host selling, the evidence ismixed. Researcher Charles Atkin found that children believe that the charactersused to advertise breakfast cereals are knowledgeable about cereals, andchildren accept such characters as credible sources of nutritional information.This finding was even more marked for heavy viewers of television. In addition,children feel validated in their choice of a product when a celebrity endorsesthat product. A study of children in Hong Kong, however, found that thepresence of celebrities in advertisements could negatively affect thechildren's perceptionsof a product if the children did not like the celebrityin question.托福阅读试题1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?A.How big the toys are?B.How much the toys cost?C.What the toys can do?D.How the toys are made?2.The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning toA.establish the truth of.B.approve of.C.understand.D.criticize.3.In paragraph 2, what is one reason that claims such as “the best” or “better than” can be misleading?A.They represent the opinions of adults, which are often different from those of children.B.They generally involve comparisons among only a small group of products.C.They reflect the attitudes of consumer protection groups rather than those of actual consumers.D.They reflect the advertiser's viewpoint about the product.4.Cereal advertisements that include the statement “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast” are trying to suggest thatA.the cereal is a desirable part of a healthful, balanced breakfast.B.the cereal contains equal amounts of all nutrients.C.cereal is a healthier breakfast than other foods are.D.the cereal is the most nutritious part of the breakfast meal.5.According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of disclaimers made in advertisements EXCEPTA.They are qualifications or conditions put on a claim.B.They may be used to balance exaggerations.C.They are usually presented in both audio and visual formats.D.They are often difficult for children to understand.6.The word “adept”(Paragraph 3)in the passage is closest in meaning toA.responsible.B.skillful.C.patient.D.curious.7.Paragraph 3 indicates that there is uncertainty about which of the following issues involving children and fantasy in advertising?A.Whether children can tell if what they are seeing in an advertisement is real or fantasy.B.Whether children can differentiate fantasy techniques from other techniques used in advertising.C.Whether children realize how commonly fantasy techniques are used in advertising aimed at them.D.Whether children are attracted to advertisements that lack fantasy .8.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence(Paragraph 3)in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.Rational appeals in advertising are certainly limited bychildren's emotional immaturity and the indirect nature of their associations.B.Indirect appeals to children's psychological states or associations can limit the effectiveness of rational appeals in advertising.C.Rational appeals play a much smaller role in advertisements for children than emotional appeals and psychological associations do.D.Rational appeals in advertising aimed at children should certainly be limited until the children are emotionally and psychologically ready.9.The word "attributes" (Paragraph 4)in the passage is closest in meaning toA.evaluations.B.attitudes.C.actions.D.characteristics.10.In paragraph 4, why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?A.To help explain what is meant by the term "host selling” and why it can be misleading to children.B.To explain why the role of celebrities in advertising aimed at children has often been confused with host selling.C.To compare the effectiveness of using animated figures with the effectiveness of using celebrities in advertisements aimed at children.D.To indicate how Kunkel first became interested in studying the effects of host selling on children.11.The word "credible"(Paragraph 5)in the passage is closestin meaning toA.helpful.B. believable.C.valuable.D.familiar.12.According to paragraph 5, what did a study of children in Hong Kong show about the use of celebrities in advertisements aimed at children?A. It is most effective with children who watch a lot of television.B. It has little effect if the celebrities are not familiar to most children.C. It is more effective in marketing cereals and food products than in marketing other kinds of products.D. It can have a negative effect if the celebrities are not popular with children.13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? Another aspect of advertising that may especially influence children is fantasy.■【A】Fantasy is one of the more common techniques in advertising that could possibly mislead a young audience. ■【B】Child-oriented advertisements are more likely to include magic and fantasy than advertisements aimed at adults. ■【C】In a content analysis of Canadian television, the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for character toys featured fantasy play. ■【D】Children have strong imaginations and the use of fantasy brings their ideas to life, but children may not be adept enough to realize that what they are viewing is unreal. Fantasy situations and settings are frequently used to attractchildren's attention, particularly in food advertising. Advertisements for breakfast cereals have, for many years, been found to be especially fond of fantasy techniques, with almost nine out of ten including such content. Generally, there is uncertainty as to whether very young children can distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising. Certainly, rational appeals in advertising aimed at children are limited, as most advertisements use emotional and indirect appeals to psychological states or associations.14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.Advertisers sometimes use strategies that can mislead children.A.Advertisements can be misleading to children when the advertisements use audio and visual formats that are especially appealing to children.B.Children may not be able to interpret exaggerated claims made by advertisers or understand the disclaimers used to offset claims.C.Although the use of celebrities is not necessarily effective in advertisements aimed at children, there is evidence that host selling can positively affect their views of a product.D.Studies show that misleading tactics are used most often in commercials for breakfast cereals, with toy commercials using such tactics only slightly less frequently.E.The use of fantasy is especially common in advertisements for children, but children may not be able to distinguish fantasy from reality.F.Very young children are particularly influenced by host selling, while slightly older children are more readily misled by seemingly rational claims such as “the best.”托福阅读答案1.EXCEPT题，排除法，所有答案都集中在最后一句，A的big对应size，正确，不选;B的cost没有对应，错，选;C的do对应performance，正确，不选;D的made对应construction，正确，不选。

2014托福写作范文赏析

2014年的托福写作应该重点复习哪些题目?谷天田提供写作范文：减压的办法是独处？希望谷天田提供的资料对你的托福备考有所帮助!托福写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to truly relax and reduce stress is to spend time alone.（减压的办法是独处？）托福写作参考范文：Regardless of age, individuals from all walks of life各行各业require ample amounts of time for relaxation. Whether or not it is due to other people, schooling, work, or even the living environment, the underlying cause would always seem to be the reduction, if not total elimination 完全消除, of stress. Who doesn’t want to sit by the beach and sip an ice cold glass of juice while not being bothered by the heavy workload you left at the office? However, for today, that will not be our main concern. Instead, we would focus on which is the ideal way of relaxation—alone or with another person or group?Certain people某些人prefer lying in their beds all day with their headphones on while being whisked away去to their personal fantasy lands. There are even those who would spend time alone in the mountains just to meditate冥想. Others, however, like it the other way around. They would rather go to a lunch date or even to night parties with their family or friends. Now I am not saying that either one is the right way of doing it or the other one is obviously wrong. Relaxation is more of a personal preference. Even if your officemat/coworkers took you to a KTV bar since it’s her way of being relaxed, if that’s not your cup of tea如果你不喜欢的话, then most likely you’ll never have a good time. With this being said, I prefer spending time alone in order to relieve myself of stress, even if it’s just for that fleeting moment. Let’s have a deeper look as to why I said that.For one, as mentioned above, stress is mostly caused by external factors. Yes, factors that involve other people mostly. If I wanted to relax, I’d rather spend it in the comfort of my own room or maybe while having a quick walk around our local park. Psychologically speaking, the presence of stimuli (other people themselves and their actions toward you) can either agitate or remind you of the stress you are trying to drive away. Here’s a very simple example. Suppose, I am a student who is currently stressed by the never-ending barrage of lessons and homework一堆永远做不完的作业听不完的课. I’ve just had enough of these already that I decided to go to a local resort to unwind. Then along came my classmates. They also want to go with me there. I might enjoy their company and the venue, but I’m pretty sure, any moment someone will want to start a conversation about our professors, homework, and lessons. Now, how will I be able to relax then? If I went alone, spent time with just the water, trees, and blue sky, I believe the outcome would be very different.On a social perspective, this approach would be taken as a form of anti-social behavior. Those who favor the other side of the coin would often claim that real enjoyment and in particular, relaxation, can only be achieved via the presence of other people. Now this certainly holds water. However, my counter-argument is the fact that not all people are comfortable spending time withother people. Regardless of the reasons—money, distance, beliefs, and preferences, the fact is still there. When one spends time alone to relax and accordingly shoo away stress, he is doing himself a huge favor of not worrying about his friends or family members who might’ve come with him.The desire for relaxation is all but natural. Stress, on the other hand, is the culprit behind such inclination. Be it alone or with other people, relaxing activities are a sure-fire way of beating stress. However, as per the reasons indicated above, I would rather prefer spending time alone, maybe in a private hotel suite and spa, than spend time with other people of whom I am quite sure do not share my preferences wholly.。

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为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO14独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO14独立写作题目原文：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign countries.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
托福TPO14独立写作满分范文：
Travelling can expand one's outlook, amplify one's experience and make many new friends. It could be a superb lesson in one's life. If I have/possess adequate time and money to plan my tour, i would prefer to tour foreign countries. Foreign life can serve various life experiences and lifestyles which are hardly acquired in domestic life. In the identical social and environmental circumstances, people generally have relatively familiar and similar views and experiences. The distinction is, if any, slight. If people do not go abroad, they can rarely obtain refreshing ideas. For example, some people who come from highly industrialized countries with high welfare, tend to take the free healthcare and education for granted, but if they have a foreign tour in impoverished countries or regions where the food is almost far from enough, not to mention schooling, they can be taught a precious lesson: Cherish one's own life and help someone who needs help.
Oversea travelling can offer broader choices. As far as I know, some countries are as small as one common city of the United States. In such countries, if people refuse to journey abroad then they have to repeat his footprints time and time again. On the other hand, some countries are located on some lonely islands without forests and all the fish comes from the sea, if these residents want to ride a horse in the plain or taste freshwater fish, they have to travel abroad.
Besides, the exotic landscapes and customs are more curious and attractive than familiar ones.
Generally speaking, people are curious; they prefer to acquire purely refreshing experiences, rather than relatively familiar or even well-known ones. The foreign lifestyle, food and scenery are always far different from one's own domestic experiences, which is the key factor IN satisfying people's curiosity more deeply.
In conclusion, foreign tour can afford more various life experiences, more options, and satisfy people's curiosity. These advantages appeal to us. Needless to
say, these are the contributing factors that attract more and more people to travel abroad.
以上是给大家整理的托福TPO14独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。