Assignment_Sample_of_Module7
linux gfortran的module详细用法
linux gfortran的module详细用法gfortran是GNU项目中的Fortran编译器，使用该编译器可以编译Fortran语言的程序。
其中的module是gfortran中的一个重要特性，它可以帮助我们组织和管理Fortran代码。
本文将详细介绍gfortran的module用法，包括module的定义、使用以及一些最佳实践方法。
一、module的定义在编写Fortran代码时，可以定义一个module（模块），通过module可以将一组相关的子程序、变量和数据类型组织在一起。
通过使用module，我们可以将程序分为多个逻辑单元，每个单元可以包含特定功能实现所需的子程序和数据类型。
module的定义通常放在一个源代码文件中，文件的后缀为.f90（或.f95）。
下面是一个简单的module示例：module mymoduleimplicit none! 定义一些全局变量integer, parameter :: n = 10real :: a(n)contains! 定义一些子程序subroutine initialize()! 子程序的定义end subroutine initializefunction calculate(x)! 函数的定义real :: x, calculate! 函数的实现end function calculateend module mymodule在上述示例中，我们定义了一个名为mymodule的module，其中包含了一个参数n和一个数组a。
同时，也定义了两个子程序initialize和calculate，分别是一个subroutine和一个function。
二、module的使用在使用module中的变量、子程序和数据类型之前，我们需要使用use语句来引入module。
下面是一个简单的示例：program mainuse mymoduleimplicit noneinteger :: i! 使用module中定义的变量和数据类型a = 1.0! 调用module中定义的子程序call initialize()! 使用module中定义的函数do i = 1, na(i) = calculate(a(i))end doend program main在上述示例中，我们使用了use语句来引入之前定义的module mymodule。
编译make的出错提示解决方案
编译make的出错提⽰解决⽅案编译出错笔记:start.s:20: Error: no such instruction: `ldr r0,=WTCON'错误:没有这样的指令解决:编译⽂件后缀名必须为⼤写S,改为start.Sstart.S:34: Error: bad instruction `ldr,r0,=0x4C000004'错误:坏的指令,指令名ldr后⾯不能跟逗号解决:改为ldr r0,=0x4C000004start.S:52: Error: bad expression -- `ldr r0,#0'错误:指令参数出错,使⽤#0参数是使⽤mov,不是ldr解决:改为mov r0,#0start.o(.text+0xc8): In function `SDRAM_CONFIG': : undefined reference to `lr'错误:在start.S中对LR未定义的引⽤解决:在start.S中找到 ldr pc,=lr ,编译器误解lr是⼀个变量,这⾥应该写成mov pc,lr(完成⼀个⼦程序返回)12: error: syntax error before "int"错误:'int'符号之前有语法错误13: warning: comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast错误:指针与其它不同类型的值⽐较,没有使⽤强制转换解决:使⽤强制转换使两个变量改为相同类型comparison: ⽐较distinct pointer types: 不同的类型指针a cast:强制转换19: warning: conflicting types for built-in function 'strcpy'错误:strcpy函数与内置函数库冲突,(⽐如:printf,strlen,puts,scanf等都是内置函数库)解决: 1.在arm-linux-gcc编译命令后⾯加上-fno-builtin或者-fno-builtin-FUNCTION 选项,你就可以⾃⼰实现这些函数⽽不冲突了。
群创7寸数字屏规格书
The copyright belongs to InnoLux. Any unauthorized use is prohibited.INNO L U X DISPLAY CORPORATIONLCD MODULESPECIFICATIONCustomer: Model Name: AT070TN94SPEC NO.: A070-94-TT-01 Date: 2009/12/02 Version:01□Preliminary Specification ■Final SpecificationFor Customer ’s AcceptanceApproved byCommentApproved byReviewed by Prepared byJoe Lin2009/12/08James Yu2009/12/08David Lee2009/12/02InnoLux copyright 2004All rights reserved,Copying forbidden.Record of RevisionVersion Revise Date Page ContentPre-Spec.01 2009/07/07 All Initial ReleaseFinal-spec.01 2009/12/02 All The first version final specification.6 Modify V COM to 3.8V(Typ.), 3.6V(Min.) and 4.0V(Max.).9 Add Input Clock and Data Timing Diagram.18 Update the Mechanical Drawing.The copyright belongs to InnoLux. Any unauthorized use is prohibited.I NNO L U XContents1. General Specifications (1)2. Pin Assignment (2)3. Operation Specifications (5)3.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings (5)3.1.1. Typical Operation Conditions (6)3.1.2. Current Consumption (7)3.1.3. Backlight Driving Conditions (7)3.2. Power Sequence (8)3.3. Timing Characteristics (9)3.3.1. AC Electrical Characteristics (9)3.3.2. Input Clock and Data Timing Diagram (9)3.3.3. Timing (10)3.3.4. Data Input Format (11)4. Optical Specifications (12)5. Reliability Test Items (16)6. General Precautions (17)6.1. Safety (17)6.2. Handling (17)6.3. Static Electricity (17)6.4. Storage (17)6.5. Cleaning (17)7. Mechanical Drawing (18)8. Package Drawing (19)8.1. Packaging Material Table (19)8.2. Packaging Quantity (19)8.3. Packaging Drawing (20)The copyright belongs to InnoLux. Any unauthorized use is prohibited.1. General SpecificationsNo. Item Specification Remark1 LCD size 7.0 inch(Diagonal)2 Driver element a-Si TFT active matrix3 Resolution 800 × 3(RGB) × 4804 Display mode Normally White, Transmissive5 Dot pitch 0.0642(W) × 0.1790(H) mm6 Active area 154.08(W) × 85.92(H) mm7 Module size 164.9(W) ×100.0(H) ×5.7(D) mm Note 18 Surface treatment Anti-Glare9 Color arrangement RGB-stripe10 Interface Digital11 Backlight power consumption 1.674W (Typ.)12 Panel power consumption 0.226W (Typ.)13 Weight 150g (Typ.)Note 1: Refer to Mechanical Drawing.2. Pin AssignmentFPC Connector is used for the module electronics interface. The recommended model is FH12A-50S-0.5SH manufactured by Hirose.Pin No. Symbol I/O Function Remark1 V LED+P Power for LED backlight (Anode)2 V LED+P Power for LED backlight (Anode)3 V LED-P Power for LED backlight (Cathode)4 V LED-P Power for LED backlight (Cathode)5 GND P Power ground6 V COM I Common voltage7 DV DD P Power for Digital Circuit8 MODE I DE/SYNC mode select Note 19 DE I Data Input Enable10 VS I Vertical Sync Input11 HS I Horizontal Sync Input12 B7 I Blue data(MSB)13 B6 I Blue data14 B5 I Blue data15 B4 I Blue data16 B3 I Blue data17 B2 I Blue data18 B1 I Blue data Note 219 B0 I Blue data(LSB) Note 220 G7 I Green data(MSB)21 G6 I Green data22 G5 I Green data23 G4 I Green data24 G3 I Green data25 G2 I Green data26 G1 I Green data Note 227 G0 I Green data(LSB) Note 228 R7 I Red data(MSB)29 R6 I Red data30 R5 I Red data31 R4 I Red data32 R3 I Red data33 R2 I Red data34 R1 I Red data Note 235 R0 I Red data(LSB) Note 236 GND P Power Ground37 DCLK I Sample clock Note 338 GND P Power Ground39 L/R I Left / right selection Note 4,540 U/D I Up/down selection Note 4,541 V GH P Gate ON Voltage42 V GL P Gate OFF Voltage43 AV DD P Power for Analog Circuit44 RESET I Global reset pin. Note 645 NC - No connection46 V COM I Common Voltage47 DITHB I Dithering function Note 748 GND P Power Ground49 NC - No connection50 NC - No connectionI: input, O: output, P: PowerNote 1: DE/SYNC mode select. Normally pull high.When select DE mode, MODE=”1”, VS and HS must pull high.When select SYNC mode,MODE= ”0”, DE must be grounded.Note 2: When input 18 bits RGB data, the two low bits of R,G and B data must be grounded.Note 3:Data shall be latched at the falling edge of DCLK.Note 4: Selection of scanning modeSetting of scan control inputU/D L/R Scanning direction GND DV DD Up to down, left to right DV DD GND Down to up, right to left GND GND Up to down, right to left DV DDDV DDDown to up, left to rightNote 5: Definition of scanning direction. Refer to the figure as below:Note 6: Global reset pin. Active low to enter reset state. Suggest to connect with an RCreset circuit for stability. Normally pull high.Note 7: Dithering function enable control, normally pull high. When DITHB=”1”,Disable internal dithering function, When DITHB=”0”,Enable internal dithering function,RightLeft DownUp3. Operation Specifications3.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings(Note 1)ValuesItem SymbolMin. Max.Unit RemarkDV DD -0.3 5.0 VAV DD 6.5 13.5 VV GH -0.3 40.0 VV GL -20.0 0.3 V Power voltageV GH-V GL- 40.0 V Operation Temperature T OP -30 85 ℃Storage Temperature T ST-30 85 ℃LED Reverse Voltage V R- 1.2 VEach LEDNote 2 LED Forward Current I F- 25 mA Each LEDNote 1: The absolute maximum rating values of this product are not allowed to be exceeded at any times. Should a module be used with any of the absolute maximum ratingsexceeded, the characteristics of the module may not be recovered, or in an extremecase, the module may be permanently destroyed.Note 2: V R Conditions: Zener Diode 20mA3.1.1. Typical Operation Conditions( Note 1)ValuesUnit Remark Item SymbolMin. Typ. Max.DV DD 3.0 3.3 3.6 V Note 2AV DD 10.2 10.4 10.6 VPower voltageV GH 15.3 16.0 16.7 VV GL -7.7 -7.0 -6.3 VInput signal voltage V COM 3.6 3.8 4.0 VInput logic high voltage V IH 0.7 DV DD - DV DD VNote 3 Input logic low voltage V IL 0 - 0.3 DV DD VNote 1: Be sure to apply DV DD and V GL to the LCD first, and then apply V GH.Note 2: DV DD setting should match the signals output voltage (refer to Note 3) of customer’s system board.Note 3: DCLK,HS,VS,RESET,U/D, L/R,DE,R0~R7,G0~G7,B0~B7,MODE,DITHB.3.1.2. Current ConsumptionValuesItem SymbolMin. Typ. Max.Unit RemarkI GH - 0.2 1.0 mA V GH =16.0VI GL - 0.2 1.0 mA V GL = -7.0V IDV DD - 4.0 10 mA DV DD =3.3VCurrent for DriverIAV DD - 20 50 mA AV DD =10.4V3.1.3. Backlight Driving ConditionsValuesItem SymbolMin. Typ. Max.Unit Remark Voltage for LED backlight V L 8.4 9.3 10.2 V Note 1 Current for LED backlight I L 170 180 200 mALED life time - 20,000 - - Hr Note 2Note 1: The LED Supply Voltage is defined by the number of LED at Ta=25℃ andI L =180mA.Note 2: The “LED life time” is defined as the module brightness decrease to 50% original brightness at Ta=25℃ and I L =180mA. The LED lifetime could be decreased ifoperating I L is lager than 180mA.3.2. Power Sequencea. Power on:Note: Data include R0~R7, B0~B7, GO~G7, U/D, L/R, DCLK, HS,VS,DE.DV DD→VGL→AVDD→VGH→Data→B/LB/L→Data→VGH→AVDD→VGL→DV DD3.3. Timing Characteristics3.3.1. AC Electrical CharacteristicsValuesItem SymbolMin. Typ. Max.Unit Remark HS setup time T hst8 - - nsHS hold time T hhd 8 - - nsVS setup time T vst8 - - nsVS hold time T vhd8 - - nsData setup time T dsu8 - - nsData hole time T dhd8 - - nsDE setup time T esu 8 - - nsDE hole time T ehd8 - - nsDV DD Power On Slew rate T POR - - 20 ms From 0 to 90% DV DDRESET pulse width T Rst 1 - - ms DCLK cycle time T coh 20 - - ns DCLK pulse duty T cwh 40 50 60 %3.3.2. Input Clock and Data Timing Diagram3.3.3. TimingValuesUnit Remark Item SymbolMin. Typ. Max.Horizontal Display Area thd- 800 - DCLKDCLK Frequency fclk26.4 33.3 46.8 MHzOne Horizontal Line th862 1056 1200 DCLKHS pulse width thpw 1 - 40 DCLKHS Blanking thb46 46 46 DCLKHS Front Porch thfp 16 210 354 DCLKValuesItem SymbolUnit RemarkMin. Typ. Max.Vertical Display Area tvd- 480 - THVS period time tv 510 525 650 THVS pulse width tvpw 1 - 20 THVS Blanking tvb23 23 23 THVS Front Porch tvfp7 22 147 TH3.3.4. Data Input Format4. Optical SpecificationsValuesItem Symbol ConditionMin. Typ. Max.Unit RemarkθL Φ=180°(9 o’clock) 60 70 -θRΦ=0°(3 o’clock) 60 70 -θTΦ=90°(12 o’clock) 40 50 -Viewing angle(CR≥ 10)θBΦ=270°(6 o’clock) 60 70 -degree Note 1T ON - 10 20 msec Note 3 Response timeT OFF - 15 30 msec Note 3 Contrast ratio CR 400 500 - - Note 4W X 0.26 0.31 0.36 -Color chromaticityW Y 0.28 0.33 0.38 -Note 2Note 5Note 6 Luminance L 320 400 - cd/m² Note 6 LuminanceuniformityY UNormalθ=Φ=0°70 75 - % Note 7Test Conditions:1. DV DD=3.3V, I L=180mA (Backlight current), the ambient temperature is 25℃.2. The test systems refer to Note 2.Note 1: Definition of viewing angle rangeFig. 4-1 Definition of viewing angleNote 2: Definition of optical measurement system.The optical characteristics should be measured in dark room. After 30 minutesoperation, the optical properties are measured at the center point of the LCD screen. (Response time is measured by Photo detector TOPCON BM-7, other items are measured by BM-5A/Field of view: 1° /Height: 500mm.)Normal line θ=Φ=0°Photo detectorΦ=90°12 o’clock directionΦ=270° 6 o’clock directionΦ=0°Φ=180°Active Area500mmLCMNormal line θ=Φ=0°Φ=90°12 o’clock directionΦ=270°6 o’clock directionΦ=0°Φ=180°Active AreaθLθTθBθRLCMNote 3: Definition of Response timeThe response time is defined as the LCD optical switching time interval between“White” state and “Black” state. Rise time (T ON) is the time between photo detector output intensity changed from 90% to 10%. And fall time (T OFF) is the timebetween photo detector output intensity changed from 10% to 90%.Fig. 4-3 Definition of response timeNote 4: Definition of contrast ratiostateBlack""theonLCDwhenmeasuredLuminancestateWhite""theonLCDwhenmeasuredLuminance(CR)ratioContrast=Note 5: Definition of color chromaticity (CIE1931)Color coordinates measured at center point of LCD.Note 6: All input terminals LCD panel must be ground while measuring the center area of the panel.The LED driving condition is I L=180mA .90%10%0%Photodetectoroutput(Relativevalue)ONTWhite (TFT OFF) Black (TFT ON) White (TFT OFF)Note 7:Definition of Luminance UniformityActive area is divided into 9 measuring areas (Refer to Fig. 4-4 ).Every measuring point is placed at the center of each measuring area.maxminBB(Yu)UniformityLuminance=L-------Active area length W----- Active area widthWW/3W/3W/6L/3L/3L/6LFig. 4-4 Definition of measuring pointsB max: The measured maximum luminance of all measurement position.B min: The measured minimum luminance of all measurement position.5. Reliability Test Items(Note3)Item Test Conditions Remark High Temperature Storage Ta = 85℃240hrs Note 1，Note 4 Low Temperature Storage Ta = -30℃240hrs Note 1，Note 4 High Temperature Operation Ts = 85℃240hrs Note 2，Note 4 Low Temperature Operation Ta = -30℃240hrs Note 1，Note 4 Operate at High Temperatureand Humidity+60℃, 90%RH 240hrs Note 4Thermal Shock -30℃/30 min ~ +85℃/30 min for a total 100cycles, Start with cold temperature and endwith high temperature.Note 4Vibration Test Frequency range:10~55Hz Stroke:1.5mmSweep:10Hz~55Hz~10Hz2 hours for each direction of X. Y. Z.(6 hours for total)Mechanical Shock 100G 6ms,±X, ±Y, ±Z 3 times for each directionPackage Vibration Test Random Vibration :0.015G*G/Hz from 5-200HZ, -6dB/Octave from 200-500HZ2 hours for each direction of X. Y. Z.(6 hours for total)Package Drop Test Height:60 cm1 corner, 3 edges, 6 surfacesElectro Static Discharge ± 2KV, Human Body Mode, 100pF/1500ΩNote 1: Ta is the ambient temperature of samples.Note 2: Ts is the temperature of panel’s surface.Note 3: In the standard condition, there shall be no practical problem that may affect the display function. After the reliability test, the product only guarantees operation,but don’t guarantee all of the cosmetic specification.Note 4: Before cosmetic and function test, the product must have enough recovery time, at least 2 hours at room temperature.6. General Precautions6.1. SafetyLiquid crystal is poisonous. Do not put it in your mouth. If liquid crystal touches your skin or clothes, wash it off immediately by using soap and water.6.2. Handling1. The LCD panel is plate glass. Do not subject the panel to mechanical shock or toexcessive force on its surface.2. The polarizer attached to the display is easily damaged. Please handle it carefullyto avoid scratch or other damages.3. To avoid contamination on the display surface, do not touch the module surfacewith bare hands.4. Keep a space so that the LCD panels do not touch other components.5. Put cover board such as acrylic board on the surface of LCD panel to protect panelfrom damages.6. Transparent electrodes may be disconnected if you use the LCD panel underenvironmental conditions where the condensation of dew occurs.7. Do not leave module in direct sunlight to avoid malfunction of the ICs.6.3. Static Electricity1. Be sure to ground module before turning on power or operating module.2. Do not apply voltage which exceeds the absolute maximum rating value.6.4. Storage1. Store the module in a dark room where must keep at 25±10℃ and 65%RH or less.2. Do not store the module in surroundings containing organic solvent or corrosivegas.3. Store the module in an anti-electrostatic container or bag.6.5. Cleaning1. Do not wipe the polarizer with dry cloth. It might cause scratch.2. Only use a soft sloth with IPA to wipe the polarizer, other chemicals mightpermanent damage to the polarizer.7. Mechanical Drawing8. Package Drawing8.1. Packaging Material TableNo. ItemModel(Material)Dimensions(mm)UnitWeight(kg)Quantity Remark1 LCMModuleAT070TN94 164.9 × 100.0 × 5.7 0.150 50pcs2 Partition BC Corrugatedpaper512 × 349 × 226 1.466 1set3 CorrugatedPaperB Corrugatedpaper510 × 350 0.071 4pcs4 CorrugatedBarB Corrugatedpaper512 × 11 × 3 0.046 4pcs5 Dust-ProofBagPE 700 × 530 0.048 1pcs6 A/S Bag PE 180 × 133 × 0.2 0.002 50pcs7 Carton Corrugatedpaper530 × 355 × 255 1.100 1pcs8 Total weight 10.682 kg± 5%8.2. Packaging QuantityTotal LCM quantity in Carton: no. of Partition 2 Rows × quantity per Row 25 = 508.3. Packaging Drawing。
mt4中文帮助命令中文手册
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(111)FileWrite写入文件 (112)FileWriteArray一个二进制文件写入数组 (112)FileWriteDouble一个二进制文件以浮动小数点写入双重值 (113)FileWriteInteger一个二进制文件写入整数值 (113)FileWriteString当前文件位置函数写入一个二进制文件字串符 (114)Global variables全局变量 (115)GlobalVariableCheck (115)GlobalVariableDel (115)GlobalVariableGet (115)GlobalVariableName (116)GlobalVariableSet (116)GlobalVariableSetOnCondition (116)GlobalVariablesTotal (117)Math & Trig数学和三角函数 (119)MathAbs (119)MathArccos (119)MathArcsin (119)MathArctan (120)MathCeil (120)MathCos (120)MathExp (121)MathFloor (121)MathLog (122)MathMax (122)MathMin (122)MathMod (122)MathPow (123)MathRand (123)MathRound (123)MathSin (124)MathSqrt (124)MathSrand (124)MathTan (125)Object functions目标函数 (126)ObjectCreate建立目标 (126)ObjectDelete删除目标 (127)ObjectDescription目标描述 (127)ObjectFind查找目标 (127)ObjectGet目标属性 (128)ObjectGetFiboDescription斐波纳契描述 (128)ObjectGetShiftByValue (128)ObjectGetValueByShift (129)ObjectMove移动目标 (129)ObjectName目标名 (129)ObjectsDeleteAll删除所有目标 (130)ObjectSet改变目标属性 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(147)iStdDev标准偏差指标 (148)iStdDevOnArray (148)iStochastic随机震荡指标 (148)iWPR威廉指标 (149)Timeseries access时间序列图表数据 (150)iBars柱的数量 (150)iClose (150)iHigh (151)iHighest (151)iLow (152)iLowest (152)iOpen (152)iTime (153)iVolume (153)Trading functions交易函数 (155)Execution errors (155)OrderClose (157)OrderCloseBy (158)OrderClosePrice (158)OrderCloseTime (158)OrderComment (159)OrderCommission (159)OrderDelete (159)OrderExpiration (160)OrderLots (160)OrderMagicNumber (160)OrderModify (160)OrderOpenPrice (161)OrderOpenTime (161)OrderPrint (162)OrderProfit (162)OrderSelect (162)OrderSend (163)OrdersHistoryTotal (164)OrderStopLoss (164)OrdersTotal (164)OrderSwap (165)OrderSymbol (165)OrderTakeProfit (165)OrderTicket (166)OrderType (166)Window functions窗口函数 (167)HideTestIndicators隐藏指标 (167)Period使用周期 (167)RefreshRates刷新预定义变量和系列数组的数据 (167)Symbol当前货币对 (168)WindowBarsPerChart可见柱总数 (168)WindowExpertName智能交易系统名称 (169)WindowFind返回名称 (169)WindowFirstVisibleBar第一个可见柱 (169)WindowHandle (169)WindowIsVisible图表在子窗口中可见 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u-blox D9纠正数据接收器数据手册说明书
NEO-D9S-00Bu-blox D9 correction data receiverData sheetAbstractTechnical data sheet describing the u-blox D9 correction data receiver.The module provides global and easy access to satellite L-band GNSScorrections.UBX-18012996 - R07C1-PublicDocument informationTitle NEO-D9S-00BSubtitle u-blox D9 correction data receiverDocument type Data sheetDocument number UBX-18012996Revision and date R0724-Jan-2022 Disclosure restriction C1-PublicProduct status Corresponding content statusIn development /Objective specification Target values. Revised and supplementary data will be published later. prototypeEngineering sample Advance information Data based on early testing. Revised and supplementary data will bepublished later.Initial production Early production information Data from product verification. Revised and supplementary data may bepublished later.Mass production /Production information Document contains the final product specification.End of lifeThis document applies to the following products:Product name Type number FW version IN/PCN reference Product statusNEO-D9S NEO-D9S-00B-00PMP 1.04UBX-22001724Mass productionu-blox or third parties may hold intellectual property rights in the products, names, logos and designs included in this document. Copying, reproduction, modification or disclosure to third parties of this document or any part thereof is only permitted with the express written permission of u-blox.The information contained herein is provided "as is" and u-blox assumes no liability for its use. No warranty, either express or implied, is given, including but not limited to, with respect to the accuracy, correctness, reliability and fitness for a particular purpose of the information. This document may be revised by u-blox at any time without notice. For the most recent documents, visit .Copyright © 2022, u-blox AG.Contents1 Functional description (4)1.1 Overview (4)1.2 Performance (4)1.3 Supported GNSS augmentation systems (4)1.3.1 Satellite L-band (4)1.4 Supported protocols (5)2 System description (6)2.1 Block diagram (6)3 Pin definition (7)3.1 Pin assignment (7)4 Electrical specification (9)4.1 Absolute maximum ratings (9)4.2 Operating conditions (9)4.3 Indicative power requirements (10)5 Communications interfaces (11)5.1 UART (11)5.2 SPI (11)5.3 I2C (12)5.4 USB (13)5.5 Default interface settings (14)6 Mechanical specification (15)7 Reliability tests and approvals (16)7.1 Approvals (16)8 Labeling and ordering information (17)8.1 Product labeling (17)8.2 Explanation of product codes (17)8.3 Ordering codes (17)Related documents (18)Revision history (19)1 Functional description1.1 OverviewNEO-D9S-00B is a satellite data receiver for L-band correction broadcast, which can be configured for use with a variety of correction services. It decodes the satellite transmission and outputs a correction stream, enabling a high precision GNSS receiver to reach accuracies down to centimeter level.1.2 PerformanceParameter SpecificationReceiver type NEO-D9S correction data receiverL-band satellite SpecificationTime to first frame 1< 10 s at 2400 bpsSensitivity acquisition 2-133 dBm for BER <10e-5 at 2400 bit/sSpecification compliance L-band SESTB28ABoot time<1 sCenter frequency configuration steps 1 HzCenter frequency search window0 to 65 kHzUser data rates600, 1200, 2400, 4800 bpsService identifier ConfigurableDe-scrambler ConfigurableDe-scrambling initialization vector ConfigurablePre-scrambler Enable/disableNumber of concurrent reception1channelsUniqueWord ConfigurableFrequency range1525 MHz to 1559 MHzCommunication interface UART/USB/I2C/SPICommunication speed Up to 921600 baud UART, USB 2.0Software back-up mode AvailableDynamics+/- 2g acceleration for all data rates (600 bit/s, 1200 bit/s, 2400 bit/s,4800 bit/s)Vehicle dynamicsVelocity Up to and including 300 km/hTable 1: NEO-D9S-00B performance1.3 Supported GNSS augmentation systems1.3.1 Satellite L-bandThe satellite L-band communication system allows GNSS correction service providers to broadcast a variety of services on specific channels, satellites and beams. Consult your service provider on the region their service covers and the specific frequency used. The NEO-D9S-00B must be configured1With respect to an L-band signal using a 20-25 dB external LNA2Success rate of acquiring an L-band signal > 95% using a 20-25 dB external LNAaccording to the specific service as initial identification and decoding of the service provider stream is required.1.4 Supported protocolsThe NEO-D9S-00B supports the following protocols:Protocol TypeUBX Input/output, binary, u-blox proprietaryTable 2: Supported protocolsFor specification of the protocols, see the interface description [2].2 System description2.1 Block diagramFigure 1: NEO-D9S-00B block diagramAn active antenna is mandatory with the NEO-D9S-00B.3 Pin definition3.1 Pin assignmentThe pin assignment of the NEO-D9S-00B module is shown in Figure 2. The defined configuration of the PIOs is listed in Table 3.Figure 2: NEO-D9S-00B pin assignmentPin I/O Description1SAFEBOOT_N I SAFEBOOT_N (used for FW updates and reconfiguration, leave open) 2D_SEL I UART 1 / SPI select. (open or high = UART 1)3TXD2O UART 2 TXD4RXD2I UART 2 RXD5USB_DM I/O USB data (DM)6USB_DP I/O USB data (DP)7V_USB I USB supply8RESET_N I RESET (active low)9VCC_RF O External LNA power10GND I Ground11RF_IN I Active antenna L-band signal input12GND I Ground13GND I Ground14ANT_OFF O External LNA disable - default active highPin I/O Description15ANT_DETECT I Active antenna detect - default active high16ANT_SHORT_N O Active antenna short detect- default active low17EXTINT I External interrupt pin18SDA / SPI CS_N I/O I2C data if D_SEL = VCC (or open); SPI chip select if D_SEL = GND 19SCL / SPI SLK I/O I2C clock if D_SEL = VCC (or open); SPI clock if D_SEL = GND20TXD / SPI MISO O UART1 output if D_SEL = VCC (or open); SPI MISO if D_SEL = GND 21RXD / SPI MOSI I UART1 input if D_SEL = VCC (or open); SPI MOSI if D_SEL = GND 22V_BCKP I Connect to VCC or leave it open23VCC I Supply voltage24GND I GroundTable 3: NEO-D9S-00B pin assignmentFor detailed information on the pin functions and characteristics see the integrationmanual [1].4 Electrical specificationThe limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System(IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only. Operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given below is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.Where application information is given, it is advisory only and does not form part of thespecification.4.1 Absolute maximum ratingsParameter Symbol Condition Min Max Units Power supply voltage VCC-0.5 3.6VVoltage ramp on VCC3208000µs/VInput pin voltage Vin-0.5VCC + 0.5VVCC_RF output current ICC_RF100mASupply voltage USB V_USB–0.5 3.6V-0.5V_USB + 0.5VUSB signals USB_DM,USB_DP10dBmInput power at RF_IN Prfin source impedance =50 Ω, continuous waveStorage temperature Tstg-40+85°CTable 4: Absolute maximum ratingsThe product is not protected against overvoltage or reversed voltages. Voltage spikesexceeding the power supply voltage specification, given in the table above, must be limited to values within the specified boundaries by using appropriate protection diodes.4.2 Operating conditionsAll specifications are at an ambient temperature of 25 °C. Extreme operating temperatures can significantly impact the specification values. Applications operating near thetemperature limits should be tested to ensure the specification.Parameter Symbol Min Typical Max Units Condition Power supply voltage VCC 2.7 3.0 3.6VSW backup current I_SWBCKP0.36mAInput pin voltage range Vin0VCC VDigital IO pin low level input voltage Vil0.4VDigital IO pin high level input voltage Vih0.8 * VCC VDigital IO pin low level output voltage Vol0.4V Iol = 2 mA Digital IO pin high level output voltage Voh VCC – 0.4V Ioh = 2 mAIpin5mADC current through any digital I/O pin(except supplies)VCC_RF voltage VCC_RF VCC - 0.1VVCC_RF output current ICC_RF50mA3Exceeding the ramp speed may permanently damage the deviceParameter Symbol Min Typical Max Units Condition Receiver chain noise figure4NFtot11dBRecommended LNA gain into module LNA_gain20dBOperating temperature Topr-40+2585°CTable 5: Operating conditionsOperation beyond the specified operating conditions can affect device reliability.4.3 Indicative power requirementsTable 6 lists examples of the total system supply current including RF and baseband section for a possible application.Values in Table 6 are provided for customer information only, as an example of typicalcurrent requirements. The values are characterized on samples by using a cold startcommand. Actual power requirements can vary depending on FW version used, externalcircuitry, number of satellites tracked, signal strength, type and time of start, duration, and conditions of test.Unit Symbol Parameter Conditions L - bandSESTB28AI PEAK Peak current Acquisition & tracking130mAI AVERAGE Average current Acquisition & tracking35mATable 6: Currents to calculate the indicative power requirementsAll values in Table 6 are measured at 25 °C ambient temperature.4Only valid for the L-band band5 Communications interfacesThere are several communications interfaces including UART, SPI, I2C5 and USB.5.1 UARTUART1 is the main UART interface for UBX protocol host control and message output.Symbol Parameter Min Max UnitR u Baud rate9600921600bit/sΔTx Tx baudrate accuracy-1%+1%-ΔRx Rx baudrate tolerance-2.5%+2.5%-Table 7: NEO-D9S-00B UART specifications5.2 SPIThe NEO-D9S-00B has an SPI slave interface that can be selected by setting D_SEL = 0. The SPI slave interface is shared with UART1. The SPI pins available are: SPI_MISO (TXD), SPI_MOSI (RXD), SPI_CS_N, SPI_CLK. The SPI interface is designed to allow communication to a host CPU. The interface can be operated in slave mode only. Note that SPI is not available in the default configuration because its pins are shared with the UART1 and I2C interfaces. The maximum transfer rate using SPI is 125 kB/s and the maximum SPI clock frequency is 5.5 MHz.This section provides SPI timing values for the NEO-D9S-00B slave operation. The following tables present timing values under different capacitive loading conditions. Default SPI configuration is CPOL = 0 and CPHA = 0.Figure 3: NEO-D9S-00B SPI specification mode 1: CPHA=0 SCK = 5.33 MHzTimings 1 - 12 are not specified here.Timing value at 2 pF load Min (ns)Max (ns)"A" - MISO data valid time (CS)14385I2C is a registered trademark of Philips/NXPTiming value at 2 pF load Min (ns)Max (ns)"B" - MISO data valid time (SCK) weak driver mode2138"C" - MISO data hold time114130"D" - MISO rise/fall time, weak driver mode14"E" - MISO data disable lag time2032Table 8: NEO-D9S-00B SPI timings at 2pF loadTiming value at 20 pF load Min (ns)Max (ns)"A" - MISO data valid time (CS)1952"B" - MISO data valid time (SCK) weak driver mode2551"C" - MISO data hold time117137"D" - MISO rise/fall time, weak driver mode616"E" - MISO data disable lag time2032Table 9: NEO-D9S-00B SPI timings at 20pF loadTiming value at 60 pF load Min (ns)Max (ns)"A" - MISO data valid time (CS)2979"B" - MISO data valid time (SCK) weak driver mode3578"C" - MISO data hold time122152"D" - MISO rise/fall time, weak driver mode1541"E" - MISO data disable lag time2032Table 10: NEO-D9S-00B SPI timings at 60pF load5.3 I2CAn I2C compliant interface is available for communication with an external host CPU. The interface can be operated in slave mode only. It is fully compatible with the I2C industry standard fast mode. Since the maximum SCL clock frequency is 400 kHz, the maximum bit rate is 400 kbit/s. The interface stretches the clock when slowed down while serving interrupts, therefore the real bit rates may be slightly lower.The I2C interface is only available with the UART default mode. If the SPI interface isselected by using D_SEL = 0, the I2C interface is not available.Figure 4: NEO-D9S-00B I2C slave specificationMax Unit Symbol Parameter Min (Standard /Fast mode)f SCL SCL clock frequency0400kHzt HD;STA Hold time (repeated) START condition 4.0/1-µst LOW Low period of the SCL clock5/2-µst HIGH High period of the SCL clock 4.0/1-µst SU;STA Set-up time for a repeated START condition5/1-µst HD;DAT Data hold time0/0-µst SU;DAT Data set-up time250/100nst r Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals-1000/300 (for C 400pF)nst f Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals-300/300 (for C 400pF)nst SU;STO Set-up time for STOP condition 4.0/1-µst BUF Bus-free time between a STOP and START5/2-µs conditiont VD;DAT Data-valid time-4/1µst VD;ACK Data-valid acknowledge time-4/1µsV nL Noise margin at the low level0.1 VCC-VV nH Noise margin at the high level0.2 VCC-VTable 11: NEO-D9S-00B I2C slave timings and specifications5.4 USBThe USB 2.0 FS (Full Speed, 12 Mbit/s) interface can be used for host communication. Due to the hardware implementation, it may not be possible to certify the USB interface. The V_USB pinsupplies the USB interface.5.5 Default interface settingsInterface SettingsUART9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity bit, 1 stop bit.Output protocol: UBX.Input protocols without need of additional configuration: UBX.USB Output messages activated as in UART. Input protocols available as in UART.I2C Output messages activated as in UART. Input protocols available as in UART.SPI Output messages activated as in UART. Input protocols available as in UART.Table 12: Default interface settingsThe boot message is still output using $GNTXT messages. The messages are output when the NEO-D9S-00B is powered up.Refer to the applicable interface description [2] for information about further settings.6 Mechanical specificationFigure 5: NEO-D9S-00B mechanical drawingSymbol Min (mm)Typical (mm)Max (mm) A15.916.016.6B12.112.212.3C 2.2 2.4 2.6D0.9 1.0 1.3E 1.0 1.1 1.2F 2.9 3.0 3.1G0.9 1.0 1.3H0.720.820.92K0.70.80.9M0.80.9 1.0N0.40.50.6 Weight 1.6gTable 13: NEO-D9S-00B mechanical dimensions7 Reliability tests and approvalsNEO-D9S-00B modules are based on AEC-Q100 qualified GNSS chips.Tests for product family qualifications are according to ISO 16750 "Road vehicles – environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment”, and appropriate standards.7.1 ApprovalsThe NEO-D9S-00B is designed to in compliance with the essential requirements and otherrelevant provisions of Radio Equipment Directive (RED) 2014/53/EU.The NEO-D9S-00B complies with the Directive 2011/65/EU (EU RoHS 2) and its amendmentDirective (EU) 2015/863 (EU RoHS 3).Declaration of Conformity (DoC) is available on the u-blox website.8 Labeling and ordering informationThis section provides information about product labeling and ordering. For information about moisture sensitivity level (MSL), product handling and soldering see the integration manual [1]. 8.1 Product labelingThe labeling of the NEO-D9S-00B modules provides product information and revision information. For more information contact u-blox sales.8.2 Explanation of product codesThree product code formats are used. The Product name is used in documentation such as this data sheet and identifies all u-blox products, independent of packaging and quality grade. The Ordering code includes options and quality, while the Type number includes the hardware and firmware versions.Table 14 below details these three formats.Format Structure Product codeProduct name PPP-TGV NEO-D9SOrdering code PPP-TGV-NNQ NEO-D9S-00BType number PPP-TGV-NNQ-XX NEO-D9S-00B-00Table 14: Product code formatsThe parts of the product code are explained in Table 15.Code Meaning ExamplePPP Product family NEOTG Platform D9 = u-blox D9V Variant S = L-band correctionsNNQ Option / Quality grade NN: Option [00...99]Q: Grade, A = Automotive, B = ProfessionalXX Product detail Describes hardware and firmware versionsTable 15: Part identification code8.3 Ordering codesOrdering code Product RemarkNEO-D9S-00B NEO-D9S correction data receiver u-blox D9 correction data receiver for L-bandbroadcastTable 16: Product ordering codesProduct changes affecting form, fit or function are documented by u-blox. For a list ofProduct Change Notifications (PCNs) see our website at: https:///en/product-resources.Related documents[1]NEO-D9S Integration manual UBX-19026111[2]PMP 1.04 Interface description UBX-21040023For regular updates to u-blox documentation and to receive product change notifications please register on our homepage https://.Revision historyRevision Date Name Status / commentsR0126-Mar-2018jhak Objective SpecificationR0226-Apr-2019jhak Objective SpecificationR0328-June-2019ghun Objective Specification - V_BCKP removedR0426-Nov-2019ghun/jhak Advance Information - V_BCKP pin connect to VCC. I2C, SPI, antennasupervisor, EXTINT, software back-up mode added.R0505-Feb-2020ghun/jhak Early production information - USB added to Absolute maximun ratingstable. Vil and Vih updated in Operating conditions table.R0627-Oct-2020dama USB Interface section update. UART interface section updateR0724-Jan-2022dama Production information - Voltage ramp on VCC value added in Absolutemaximum ratings table. V_BCKP gerenal update.ContactFor complete contact information visit us at .u-blox OfficesNorth, Central and South America Headquarters Asia, Australia, PacificEurope, Middle East, Africau-blox America, Inc.u-blox AG u-blox Singapore Pte. Ltd.Phone:+1 703 483 3180Phone:+41 44 722 74 44Phone:+65 6734 3811E-mail:******************E-mail:***************E-mail:******************Support:******************Support:********************* Regional Office West Coast Regional Office AustraliaPhone:+1 408 573 3640 Phone:+61 3 9566 7255E-mail:****************** E-mail:*******************Support:********************* Technical Support Regional Office China (Beijing) Phone:+1 703 483 3185 Phone:+86 10 68 133 545E-mail:********************* E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office China (Chongqing) Phone:+86 23 6815 1588E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office China (Shanghai)Phone:+86 21 6090 4832E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office China (Shenzhen) Phone:+86 755 8627 1083E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office IndiaPhone:+91 80 4050 9200E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office Japan (Osaka)Phone:+81 6 6941 3660E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office Japan (Tokyo)Phone:+81 3 5775 3850E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office KoreaPhone:+82 2 542 0861E-mail:******************Support:********************* Regional Office TaiwanPhone:+886 2 2657 1090E-mail:******************Support:*********************。
CoDeSys编程手册范本
声明部分：
FUNCTIONFct:INT
VAR_INPUT
PAR1:INT;
PAR2:INT;
PAR3:INT;
END_VAR
程序部分：
LDPAR1
MULPAR2
DIVPAR3
STFct
在结构文本中功能的调用可以作为表达式中的一个操作数。
功能不会有任何内部条件，这就是说，调用带有相同的输入变量功能将会返回相同的输出结果。
为了通讯的目的，CoDeSys有一个符号接口和一个动态数据交换（DDE）接口。网关服务器和OPC服务器和动态数据交换服务器是CoDeSys的标准安装软件包的组件。
使用恰当的目标设置能够把相同的CoDeSys工程加载到不同的目标系统中，可以通过目标文件来加载这些目标设置。
通过当前的目标设置来激活网络全局变量和参数管理器。可以在控制器网络中交换数据。
例如：
FBINST是一个功能块类型的局部变量，它包含了输入变量xx和输出变量yy。当FBINST是通过输入帮助插入到了ST程序中，将显示如下的调用：FBINST1(xx:=,yy=>)。
在调用输入输出变量时：
请注意:功能块的输入输出变量作为指针来处理。因此在调用一个功能块时，常量是不能赋予VAR_IN_OUT并且从外部没有读和写的权限。
FUNCTION_BLOCKFUB
VAR_INPUT
PAR1:INT;
PAR2:INT;
END_VAR
VAR_OUTPUT
MELERG:INT;
VERGL:BOOL;
END_VAR
在IL的执行部分：
LDPAR1
MULPAR2
uC_OS-II实验指导书
雷赛BASIC编程手册v2.1
3.2.7 STOP ...............................................................................................................18
3.2.8 AUTO..............................................................................................................18
3.3.1 运算符.............................................................................................................19
3.3.2 ABS.................................................................................................................22
3.2.3 SUB.................................................................................................................17
3.2.4 ON GOSUB ....................................................................................................18
雷赛运动控制器 BASIC 语言编程手册
Version 2.1
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《日历中的方程》教学设计方案
河北省丰宁满族自治县第二中学任佩宇课题名称《日历中的方程》
科目数学年级七年级
教学时间1课时
学习者分析
本节课的学习者特征分析主要是根据教师平时对学生的了解而做出的：
（1）学生是河北省丰宁满族自治县第二中学七年级学生；
（2）学生已经熟练掌握一元一次方程的解法；
（3）学生对生活中隐含数学问题的事件兴趣浓厚；
（4）学生运用数学知识解决实际问题的能力和数学建模的能力还不强。
教学目标
一、情感态度与价值观
1.通过设置丰富的问题情境，鼓励学生从多角度思考、探索、交流，激发学生的好奇心和主动学习的欲望；
2.对数学中方程的相关知识感兴趣，能够结合自己的生日编出一道隐含方程知识的数学题。
二、过程与方法
1.初步能够从数学角度去观察事物，思考问题，体验解决问题方法策略的多样性；
2. 经历将实际问题抽象为方程模型的过程，初步体会方程是刻画现实世界的有效数学模型和数学建模思想；
3.能够尝试解决不同情境的生活问题，体验合作学习的过程。
三、知识与技能
1．能根据实际问题找出等量关系，列出一元一次方程；
2. 能够在实际问题中验证方程解的合理性。
教学重点、难点1. 将实际问题抽象为方程模型的过程
2. 列方程时未知数的选择
教学资源（1）每位同学准备一份日历；
（2）教师自制的多媒体课件；
（3）上课环境为多媒体大屏幕环境。
《日历中的方程》教学活动过程描述
教学活动1 （一）师生互动，激趣导入
1．游戏引入（大屏幕）：老师背对日历，学生到讲台前面圈出日历中竖列上相邻的三个日期，把它们的和告诉老师，老师很快说出这三天的日期。
换两组数试试，老师也能很快地说出答案。
2．设置疑问，引发思考：学生思考老师快速回答的诀窍，并且自己罗列出可能存在的解决方案：⑴逐列求和（碰数）；⑵算术方法：用和除以3得中间的数，再加上7，减去7得上下的两个数；⑶方程解法：因为学生已经有了有关方程知识的储备，个别同学可能想到用方程解决。
3．引入课题：日历中的方程。
“你们想知道这里边的奥秘吗？那就让
我们一起走进今天的数学乐园。
”
教学活动2（二）问题启发，合作探究
1．借助引例当中的游戏，采用讨论交流、小组合作的方式提出探究性问题（大屏幕）
•问题一：观察你手中的日历，一个竖列上相邻三个数之间有什么关系？
•问题二：如果设其中的一个数为x，那么其他两个数怎样表示？你是怎样设未知数的？
（通过从具体数字之间的规律过渡到用含有x的代数式表示这三个数，从而培养学生的符号感，使学生体验到从特殊到一般的数学思想。
）2．出示尝试性问题（大屏幕）
问题：小明想送妈妈一个生日礼物，可是却不知道妈妈的生日是几号，于是就问妈妈，可妈妈说我的生日那天在本月日历上竖列相邻、和为60的三个数字里面，并且中间的数就是我的生日。
你能帮助小明解决吗？
此问题的出示意在解决两个问题：⑴如何设未知数；⑵怎样列方程。
鼓励学生独立思考，让更多的学生参与自主探索，教师仅给个别同学点拔指导。
通过独立思考、自主探索等有效途径体会实际问题相等关系的确立，进而列出方程，运用分析、比较等手段认识到设中间数为x所列方程的简便。
教学活动3（三）例题示范，巩固提高。
1.例题示范：
(1)安排两人一组做猜日期游戏（大屏幕）：在各自的日历上任意圈出一个竖列上相邻的4个数，两人分别把自己所圈出4个数的和告诉同伴，由同伴求出这4个数；
(2)正方形圈出日历上2×2的4个数，把它们的和告诉同伴，由同伴求出这4个数；
(3)如果用正方形圈出的4个数的和是76，你所求这4天分别是几号吗？呈现例题。
2.巩固练习：
(1)小彬假期外出旅行一周，这一周各天的日期之和是84，小彬是几号
回的家？
(2)你能在日历中圈出一个竖列上相邻的3个数，使得它们的是40吗？
为什么？如果它们的和是75呢？
3.自主编题：
以四人一小组的形式，结合自己的生日，选择有创造性的框架结构开展自编题活动，鼓励学生编出新颖的问题。
教师参与到活动当中，做弱势小组的组织者和指导者，并选择有代表性的题目通过投影展示给全体同学。
教师给予赞赏性评价。
教学活动4（四）归纳总结，畅谈收获。
1．列方程解应用题需要哪些步骤？
2．需要注意什么问题？
3. 解决实际问题经历怎样的思维过程？
教学活动5 （五）课外研讨，迁移创新。
这一环节主要是课堂内容的延伸和发展。
问题一，有一些分别标有6,12,18,24，……的卡片，后一张卡片上的数比前一张卡片上的数大6，小明拿到了相邻的3张卡片，且这些卡片上的数之和为342。
请问：
（1）小明拿到了哪3张卡片？
（2）你能拿到相邻的3张卡片，使得这些卡片上的数之和是86吗？
问题二，教材中《日历中的方程》这一节课的页码向前翻10页就是《有趣的七巧板》，然后再向后翻8页就是精美的《图案设计》，恰好这三节课的页码数字相加之和是100，你能知道《日历中的方程》在第几页吗？。