英语二模考题一

管理类专业学位全国联考全真模拟英语（二）测试Section I Use of English (10%)Directions: Read the following text. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10points)Today, whether in Bangkok, Beijing or Berlin, the roads of the world’s most populous urban areas are more flooded with motor vehicles than at any other time in history. Yet, despite this reality, some people still believe that driving restrictions are _____1____ or unreasonable. In my opinion, driving limitations can be _____2____ beneficial for densely populated cities in China and elsewhere.One important _____3____ of imposing driving restrictions in major cities is that doing so can help to curb the problem of air pollution _____4____ thus promote a cleaner and greener environment. _____5____ the rules introduced in Beijing in the spring of 2008 have amply demonstrated, driving restrictions can, help to improve the local weather and climate, and even ____6_____ an increase in the number of “blue-skydays”._____7____ producing environmental benefits, driving restrictions can also promote the general health of the local population. Due to the lower quality of air, the _____8____ of asthma and other lung-related ailments is considerably _____9____ in large cities than in rural areas. By cutting exhaust emissions and thus ameliorating air quality, the incidence of these _____10____ conditions can be reduced and the quality of life _____11____ for urban dwellers. Improved weather conditions and a greater number of blue-sky days can also help to ____12_____ the local population’s psychological and emotional wellbeing.Another benefit of introducing restrictions on driving in large cities is its positive effects _____13____ the local economy. ____14_____ skeptics might worry that restricting the use of automobiles could harm rather than help the economy, such restrictions could ____15_____ a source of income for the municipal government _____16____ road tolls are put in place. Furthermore, for cities like Jakarta and Delhi, _____17____ air quality is notoriously poor, improvements could dispel the concerns of prospective travelers, ____18_____ promoting greater revenues for the local tourist industry.In conclusion, I firmly believe that ____19_____ of driving restrictions should be mandated in most of the world’s major metropolises. To those who still have ______20___ or concerns, I would pose the following question: Is having to deal with a minor inconvenience not worth the protection of the environment?1. A. obligatory B. unnecessary C. illegal D. terrible2. A. hardly B. seldom C. extremely D. special3. A. benefit B. view C. shortcut D. thing4. A. or B. then C. yet D. and5. A. As B. Before C. When D. After6. A. bring in B. bring about C. bring down D. bring up7. A. In addition B. In spite of C. In addition to D. Despite8. A. coming B. occurrence C. appearance D. arise9. A. lower B. shorter C. stronger D. higher10. A. chemical B. biological C. medical D. mental11. A. improved B. promote C. decreased D. increasing12. A. booming B. boost C. rose D. deduce13. A. in B. of C. on D. into14. A. However B. But C. While D. Although15. A. change B. turn into C. transfer D. turn to16. A. if B. whether C. until D. unless17. A. where B. which C. what D. that18. A. therefore B. so C. thus D. and19. A. way B. means C. measures D. form20. A. agreements B. accordance C. questions D. doubtsSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing AB C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Passage 1A new study has found that social networking sites including Facebook, MySpace and Digg are making personal information available to companies that track web users' habits and allows them to link anonymous browsing habits to specific people.The report by researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute is the first to show how tracking sites could directly link browsing habits to specific individuals using information leaked in HTTP headers, referrer headers, cookies and applications."When you sign up with a social networking site, you are assigned a unique identifier," says Craig Wills, professor of computer science at WPI. "This is a string of numbers or characters that points to your profile. We found that when social networking sites pass information to tracking sites about your activities, they often include this unique identifier.""So now a tracking site not only has a profile of your browsing history, it can link that profile to the personal data you post on the social networking site. Now your browsing profile is not just of somebody, it is of you."Social networks use third-party tracking sites, called aggregators, to learn about the browsing habits of visitors using tracking cookies. Online networking sites have gone a step further by allowing for transmission of unique identifiers. This is a troubling practice for two reasons, Wills says. "First, users put a lot of information about themselves on social networking sites. Second, a lot of that information can be seen by other users, by default. There are mechanisms users can use to limit access to their information, but we found through previous research that most users don't take advantage of them."With a unique identifier, a tracking site could gain access to a user's name, physical address, email address, gender, birth date, educational and employment information, and much more. Wills says he does not know what, if anything, tracking sites do with the identifiers that social networks transmit to them."We are not saying that they are necessarily trying to leak private information," he says. "But once someone is in possession of your unique identifier, there is so much they can learn aboutyou. And even if tracking sites do not use the information themselves, can they guarantee that it will never find its way into other hands? For these reasons, we feel this issue is something that we should be concerned about."Wills notes that while users can protect themselves to some degree by limiting the amount of information they post and using the protections available to limit access to their information, the easiest way to prevent privacy leakage would be for social networking sites to stop making unique identifiers visible.21.From the beginning, it can be inferred that ______.A.Personal data are widely distributedB.Privacy used to be better protectedC.Web users are too cautious to be trackedrmation leak is highly profitable22.The author quotes Prof. Wills so as to ______.A.Exemplify that a unique identifier is usually given clientsB.Showcase how individual data can be posted to a websiteC.Prove that he is the leading researcher in this specific fieldD.Explain how personal information tracking happens online23.Faced with social networking practice, Prof. Wills feels "troubled" in that ______.A.Web users usually ignore the safety of private dataers are eager to share their personal informationC.Aggregators are widely used by networking sitesD.Protection mechanisms are still limited in capacity24.Which of the following information is most likely to be exposed?A.Social connectionsB. Medical recordsC. Schooling backgroundD. Credit level25.The best title of this text is ______.A.Unique identifier: inseparable aidworking sites: unstable sourceC.Privacy safety: indispensable guardD.Data leakage: unstoppable realityPassage 2The young demonstrators in the Occupy Wall Street movement nationwide represent several legitimate grievances, shared broadly by a great many Americans: among them, the abuses of power by the financial and banking elites on Wall Street, extreme levels of income inequality, and undue influence of fat-cat money in politics. If this movement attracts enough allies with its apparently noble goals, could it spark a revolution in the U.S. on the scale of what we saw in Egypt or Tunisia?The use of new media to mobilize support for these events is likely to draw comparisons to the recent uprisings by young people elsewhere. Indeed, Occupy Wall Street is similar to some other foreign movements. Those in the Middle East may not be the best comparison, however: India probably provides a better frame of reference, because like the United States it is a very large democracy. The recent example in India would be the protest movement led by Anna Hazare, which created a groundswell of popular support for his Gandhian campaign for anti-corruption legislation, forcing the parliament to agree to consider such a law.To succeed in a democracy like the U.S., the Occupy Wall Street protesters will need significant support from within the two dominant political parties. Unfortunately, political leaders' reactions so far have been less than encouraging. Some Republican presidential candidates are dismissing the protests as being stirred up by Democrats for political gain. And President Obama has not come out in support of the protests, stopping at characterizing them as a function of severe economic crisis.This mild response may be especially disheartening: many of the young people now marching had probably pinned their hopes for big changes on the newly elected president. Instead, they have seen President Obama’s dull performance in the past three years in his negotiations with the Congressional Republicans and his lack of firmness in dealing with the crisis.A growing fear that the existing institutions of power are unresponsive to the people's concerns has contributed to a sea of masterless men and women –a starting point for some recent uprisings elsewhere. In Egypt, segments of the dominant military and the organized working class supported the cause of the youth, and the dictatorship was toppled. If nurtured properly, the American protests could also create enormous pressure on the political elites. But in the U.S., demonstrators will have to develop an organization and leaders in order to have a lasting impact on politics and policy.26.In the first paragraph, the author mentioned a few "noble goals" EXCEPT ____.A.Ever-widening income divideB.Increasing power of the richesC.Growing strength of the protestD.Bankers' irresponsible behavior27.India is compared to the USA because _____.A.New media are extensively used in the movementB.Democratic values are highly regarded by IndiansC.Gandhi the super-hero exerted great influenceD.The parliament agrees to give in to young protesters28.From paragraph 3, we may learn that _____.A.The two parties are not on friendly termsB.Democratic party provoked the movementC.Political parties cared only for political votesD.Obama was in strong opposition to protests29.From the last paragraph we can infer that ______.A.American protesters are likely to overthrow the current governmentB.The youth couldn't succeed without military involvement in EgyptC.American demonstrators prefer well-organized action to freedomD.Strong leadership may guarantee the victory for youth protesters30.In the following text, the writer is going to discuss _____.A.How Obama is forced to respond to the protestB.Why an organizational body is urgently neededC.How the government deals with the current crisisD.What really happened to Egyptian demonstratorsPassage 3On Wednesday, the Iowa Department of Public Health reported the first confirmed case of H1N1 in a house pet, a 13-year-old domestic shorthaired cat. The animal likely contracted the virus from its owners, veterinarians say, since two of the three family members living in the cat's household had recently suffered from influenza-like illness. Late last week, when the cat came down with flu-like symptoms — malaise, loss of appetite — its owners brought it to Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine for treatment. The family mentioned to the vet that they had also recently battled illness, which led to testing the pet for H1N1.It's not yet clear how vulnerable cats, dogs and other household animals may be to the new virus, but the Iowa cat's case reinforces just how different H1N1 is from seasonal flu viruses. Although some household cats and certain wild cats in zoos have gotten ill with avian influenza, and dogs have their own canine version of the flu virus, pets don't normally get sick with the regular human flu. "There has never been a report of human seasonal influenza affecting cats or dogs," says Dr. Julie Levy, director of Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program at the College of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Florida.It's possible that the Iowa cat's case may be a bellwether of future pet disease, but it's also possible it was just a fluke event. At the cat's advanced age, its immune system may not have been as adept at fending off influenza as that of a younger animal — similar to the vulnerability seen in aging humans. Still, says Dr. Ann Garvey, state public-health vet at the Iowa Department of Public Health, "We just don't know, we really don't."Garvey notes that despite nearly 25,000 cases of positive, lab-confirmed H1N1 in people reported in the U.S. since last spring, the Iowa cat is the first pet to be documented with the virus. But before pet owners start suspecting Fido and Fluffy of being H1N1 hotbeds, Garvey stresses that so far, no cases of influenza of any kind in pets — including cases of bird flu — are known to have moved from animals into people. And even among the animals, the virus does not appear to spread easily, which may further suggest that pets are not ideal reservoirs for influenza.That's good news for pet lovers and flu worriers. And so is the fact that the cat seems to be recovering well from its bout with H1N1. "Both the owners and the cat are recovering," says Garvey. As for anyone else who is worried about spreading H1N1 flu to their pets, vets recommend following the same guidelines that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest for protecting family members — wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and try to avoid close contact with your furry friends until you're well.31.Which of the following can be diagnosed as flu according to the passage?A. constant coughB. running noseC. decreased desire for eatingD. loss of weight32.Dr. Levy maintains that ______.A. human virus is unlikely to pass on to household pets.B. H1N1 can be treated likewise to regular seasonal flu.C. Wild cats can be particularly vulnerable to flu virus.D. Canine version of the flu virus is shared among cats.33.From paragraph 3, we may learn that ______.A.H1N1 may not be the sole contributor to the Iowa cat’s conditionB.Smaller animals are more proficient to defeat the invasion of fluC.The fact that aged people have higher risk is not proved true yet.D.The immune system of the Iowa cat has already been destroyed34.According to Dr. Garvey, the flu virus _____.A.was first documented in the Iowa catB.could be easily transferred to human beings.C.spread faster than any other type of bird fluD.might be effortlessly fended off by various pets.35.The tone used by the author seems to be_____.A. neutralB. optimisticC. subjectiveD. worriedPassage 4It is official: the American consumer, for so long the main force driving the global economy, has cracked. Figures released on Thursday October 30th showed that America’s economy shrank at an annualized rate of 0.3% in the third quarter. The story behind the breakdown was a far sharper decline in consumer spending, which makes up around two-thirds of GDP. It fell at an annualized rate of 3.1%, the first decline since 1991 and the biggest drop since 1980. Capital spending by firms also dropped, with house building still the weakest link.Spending growth is unlikely to resume soon. Earlier in the week the Conference Board, a research firm, said that its index of consumer confidence fell to its lowest level since the survey began in 1967. The drop is alarming but not surprising. American consumers could not withstand repeated blows to their financial wellbeing indefinitely. Household wealth has shrivelled. Stockmarkets are down by around a third since the start of the year. House prices in 20 big cities fell in August at an annual rate of 16.6% according to the S&P/Case-Shiller measure. The continued fall in property prices has left a large and growing fraction of households underwater on their home loans.The unemployment rate has risen to 6.1% and is set to continue upwards. Ford and General Motors, as well as Whirlpool, an appliance manufacturer, are among big American firms that have announced job cuts recently. Employment figures due for release on November 7th are likely to show that around another 175,000 jobs were lost in October, pushing the unemployment rate up to 6.3%, according to a survey of forecasts by Bloomberg. Fewer jobs mean lost income and less spending.During past recession scares any shortfall in income from jobs and investments could be bridged by a bank overdraft or loan. But credit is now scarce. Banks, fearful for their own survival, are unwilling to lend to anyone (even each other). Consumers are hardest hit by the dearth of credit partly because the value of the homes used as security for loans has depreciated. Unsecured loans are harder to come by. Before the crisis, consumer credit had grown by around 5% a year. In the year to August, it fell by 3.7%. In any case lost wealth is likely to encourage consumers to save harder and curb spending further.The upshot is that the economy’s backwards step in the latest quarter is likely to followed by another, far bigger one as the year ends. Eco nomists at JPMorgan Chase reckon that America’s GDP will decline at an annualised rate of 4% in the fourth quarter and fall again by 2% in the first three months of 2009. Household spending is set to follow a similar pattern. After a long unbroken spell of spending growth, consumers in America are finally shopped out.36. It can be inferred that American GDP would go up if ____.A. Global economy is recovered.B. Consumer spending risesC. Services make more profitD. More houses can be built37.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true?A. Consumer confidence has declined since the 1960's.B. Stockmarkets have dropped to the historical low.C. Americans have experienced several financial hits.D. In August the houses began to be sold more cheaply.38.In the past people could pull through crisis due to______.A. employment expansionB. growth of consumer creditC. assistance from the banksD. dramatic cut in spending39.Experts at Morgan believe that _____.A. The fourth quarter will see a greater decline.B. American consumers will willingly stop shopping.C. There is a sign of recovery for the coming year.D. Consumer credit is likely to rise after the crisis.40.The most appropriate title of this passage is ____.A. Financial crisis aheadB. Unemployment dropC. Saving for tomorrowD. Consumer spending cutPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the left column.As a young bond trader, Buttonwood was given two pieces of advice, trading rules of thumb, if you will: that bad economic news is good news for bond markets and that every utterance dropping from the lips of Paul V olcker, the then chairman of the Federal Reserve, and the man who restored the central bank’s credibility by stomping on runaway inflation, should be respected than Pope’s orders. Today’s traders are, of course, a more sophisticated bunch. But the advice still seems good, apart from two slight drawbacks. The first is that the well-chosen utterances from the present chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, is of more than passing difficulty. The second is that, of late, good news for the economy has not seemed to upset bond investors all that much. For all the cheer that has crackled down the wires, the yield on ten-year bonds—which you would expect to rise on good economic news—is now, at 4.2%, only two-fifths of a percentage point higher than it was at the start of the year. Pretty much unmoved, in other words.Yet the news from the economic front has been better by far than anyone could have expected. On Tuesday November 25th, revised numbers showed that America’s economy grew by an annual 8.2% in the third quarter, a full percentage point more than originally thought, driven by the ever-spendthrift American consumer and, for once, corporate investment. Just about every other piece of information coming out from special sources shows the same strength. New houses are still being built at a fair clip. Exports are rising, for all the protectionist crying. Even employment, in what had been mocked as a jobless recovery, increased by 125,000 or thereabouts in Septemberand October. Rising corporate profits, low credit spreads and the biggest-ever rally in the junk-bond market do not, on the face of it, suggest anything other than a deep and long-lasting recovery. Yet Treasury-bond yields have fallen.If the rosy economic backdrop makes this odd, making it doubly odd is an apparent absence of foreign demand. Foreign buyers of Treasuries, especially Asian central banks, who had been swallowing American government debt like there was no tomorrow, seem to have had second thoughts lately. In September, according to the latest available figures, foreigners bought only $5.6 billion of Treasuries, compared with $25.1 billion the previous month and an average of $38.7 billion in the preceding four months. In an effort to keep a lid on the yen’s rise, the Japanese central bank is still busy buying dollars and parking the money in government debt. Just about everybody else seems to have been selling.41. The utterances from Alan Greenspan are A. fairly well-chosen42. The yield on ten-year bonds is B. rising rather slowly43. The rapid economic growth results from C. setting a limit on yen’s rise44. Recently, Asian central banks have been D. buying American government debt bravely45. Japanese dollar-buying is for the purpose of E. spending more and more cautiouslyF. carelessly selectedG. domestic consumersSection III Translation46. Directions:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the following passage intoChinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points) It seems certain that almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: Suppose you are the Managing Director of a company whose profits have recently increased and you would like to reward staff for this. Write an email to all staff:1)thanking them for their contribution2)explaining why profits increased3)telling them what their reward will be.You should write about 100words on ANSERE SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, Use "Zhang Wei "instead.Part BDirections:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you shouldinterpret the chart andgive your commentsYou should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2. (15points)某高校学生利用因特网和图书馆进行学习的变化情况模拟考试参考答案：Section ICloze答案：1-5 BCADA 6-10 BCBDC 11-15 ABCDB 16-20 AACDDSection IIReading ComprehensionPart A 21-25 BDACD 26-30 CBADB 31-35 CAADB 36-40 BCCADPart B 41-45 FBGECSection III Translation【参考译文】无疑，人类一切重大的问题几乎都涉及行为，单靠物理和生物技术，是无法解决这些问题的。