2016年全国大学生英语竞赛D类样题参考答案
2016National English Competition forCollege Students(Level D-Sample)参考答案及评分标准Part I.Listening Comprehension(30marks)Section A(5marks)1—5BABDCSection B(10marks)6—10CBDCA11—15BADBDSection C(5marks)16—20ACADBSection D(10marks)21.due to22.responsible to23.theoretical powers24.representing25.identify with 26.worries and anxieties27.wealthiest28.rather than29.makes a profit30.take into accountPart II Vocabulary,Grammar and Culture(15marks)Section A Vocabulary and Grammar(10marks)31—35ADABD36—40ACDDCSection B Culture(5marks)41—45ADDBCPart III Cloze(10marks)46.risen47.sing48.drastically49.maximum50.where51.increasing52.being53.without54.However55.dangerPart IV Reading Comprehension(35marks)Section A(5marks)56—60TFFFTSection B(10marks)61—65FCDBASection C(10marks)66.Pizza.67.Similarity:They are both fast food.Difference:The pizza is easy to make,easy to serve,much more varied than the hamburger.1--68.The Greeks.69.Because it is Mexico and Peru that provide the tomatoes pizza needs.70.After World War II.Section D(10marks)71.effective72.break easily73.snakebots74.modules75.versatility and affordabiliyPart V Translation(15marks)I(5marks)76.由于英国地铁图清晰且彩色编制，乘客乘坐地铁不会有太大问题。
一些大的站点购票经常排长队，所以最好随身携带零钱。
这样你就可以通过购票机购票了。
在购票机旁，标记有按照字母表顺序排名的站名以及费用。
自动障碍门由车票操控并在终点站时进行检票，所以，你必须保存好车票。
II(10marks)77.We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.78.This university attaches great importance to students’overall development and encourages them to keep thinking.79.After she had been living in New York for a few years,she had no trouble communicating with Americans in daily life./After living in New York for a few years,she had no trouble communicating with Americans in daily life.80.Wherever you go,you should remember that home is the best.81.Little does he realize how much his parents love him.Part VI Error Correction(10marks)Language experts say it is impossible to make a very reliable estimate ofhow many words∧language has.Historically,English has had a lot of82. contact for and been influenced by speakers of many other languages,83. and thus is probably large in comparison to other languages.The84. Oxford English Dictionary contains over170,000words that arecurrentlyuse.Add to this current slang and colloquial expressions,85. and the would be more higher.Don’t worry,no one expects you86. to learning that many average native speaker of English only87. knows a fraction of these,18,000-40,000with some estimates.Some language88. experts suggest that a learner of English needs only around10,000words to89. become an advanced speaker,and even a strong knowledge of just90. the most common2,000-3,000words can be enough for basic,and effective communication and comprehension.91.a with largermuch learn by need √butPart VII IQ Test(5marks)92.D93.1526494.FICTION2--95.for instancePart VIII Writing(30marks)I(10marks)Omitted.II(20marks)Omitted.作文评分标准一、评分原则：1.本题满分为I10分；II20分，按四个档次给分。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整本档次，最后给分。
3.I词数少于100，II词数少于160，从总分中减去2分。
4.如书写较差，以致影响阅卷，将分数降低一档。
二、各档次给分范围和要求：第四档（很好）：I9-10分；II16-20分完全符合写作格式的要求，覆盖所有内容要点，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无词汇和语法错误。
第三档（好）：I6-8分；II11-15分基本符合写作格式的要求，有个别地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本通顺、连贯，有少量词汇和语法错误。
第二档（一般）：I3-5分；II6-10分未恰当完成写作格式的要求，漏掉内容要点，表达思想不清楚，文字多处出现词汇和语法错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
第一档（差）：I1-2分；II1-5分未完成写作格式的要求，明显遗漏主要内容，表达思想紊乱，有较多词汇和语法的重大错误，未能将信息传达给读者。
0分3--2016National English Competition forCollege Students(Level D-Sample)听力原文Part I:Listening ComprehensionSection AIn this section,you will hear five short conversations.Each conversation will be read only once.A t the end of each conversation,there will be a twenty-second pause.During the pause,read the question and the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.F:Excuse me.I’m afraid I’m a bit lost.I’m looking for the library.M:The library?Let’s see.The best way to get there is to go back to this street in front of the bookstore and turn left.Go two intersections,then take a right at72nd Street.2.F:There’s an exhibition of the16th century European paintings in the National Museum.Maybe we shouldgo there.M:But traditional paintings aren’t what I really like.I prefer modern paintings.F:If this is the case,I’ll go there by myself.3.F:Welcome to the Square Hotel.Your room is on the second floor.M:Thank you,madam.Could you tell me where the dining room is?F:Yes,it’s just down the corridor on your room’s left.4.F:Mr.Harkins.How can I help you?M:Hello,Ms.White.I’m thinking about transferring,but I’m not sure...I was hoping you could help me make a decision.F:Well,I’ll try.Where are you thinking of transferring?Why do you want to leave Northeast University? M:I’m thinking of going to Central University,because it’s in my hometown.I’ve been kind of homesick here this year.So,I thought that it’d be better to be closer to my parents and friends.5.M:Good morning,doctor.F:Good morning,James.How can I help you?M:I feel there’s something wrong with me,but I’m not sure.F:Could you explain more to me?M:I got a runny nose,watery eyes and sore throat on Monday,and they last the following five days.But when I see the doctor on weekends,the symptoms will disappear suddenly!4--Section BIn this section,you will hear two long conversations.Each conversation will be read only once.A t the end of each conversation,there will be a one-minute pause.During the pause,read the questions and the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneF:Adam,as you know,this job is based in Geneva.Have you ever lived abroad before?M:Yes,I have.F:And when did you live abroad?M:Well,in fact I was born in Argentina and I lived there until I was eleven.Also,I lived in Berlin for one year when I was working for the BBC.F:That’s interesting.Have you travelled a lot?M:Yes,absolutely.I’ve travelled to most countries in South America and many countries in Europe.I’ve also been to Japan a few times.F:Oh yes?And why did you go to Japan?M:It was for Intertec.I went there to interview some Japanese business leaders.Conversation TwoF:So did you do much yesterday?M:No,not really.I just stayed at home in the evening and got a video.F:Any good?M:Yeah,actually,it was great.It’s called Big Night.Do you know it?F:I think I’ve heard of it...I’m not too sure...M:Well,it’s set in the US in the1950s and it’s about two Italian brothers who live in New York.They own an Italian restaurant which isn’t doing very well.It’s called“Paradise”.The brothers,Primo and Secondo, want to serve the very best Italian cooking.But,the big problem is that the customers just want spaghetti and meatballs so they don’t get any customers!F:OK...so...M:Well,next door to Paradise there’s a restaurant where they serve terrible Italian food,but it’s really popular.The owner’s name is Pascal.The brothers think Pascal is their friend,but actually he isn’t. Pascal has an idea for them to get more business.He thinks they should get Louie Prima,a famous jazz musician,to have dinner at“Paradise”.The idea is that they will advertise that he’s coming and lots of other people will want to come to the restaurant.So they start to prepare for the“Big Night”and they spend their last money on the evening!F:So,what happens?Is it a success,do they...M:Ha,ha...I’m afraid,I can’t say.Why don’t you watch it yourself!Section CIn this section,you will hear a monologue.The monologue will be read twice.After the monologue,there will be a one-minute pause.During the pause,read the questions and the four choices marked A,B,C and D, and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.5--I started my own company,CyberEdit,when I was a freshman.Most students have to write essays,and I aimed to provide computer editing services for them.During one summer vacation,I worked for an Internet company and in the evening,I spent another four hours working on my website.After that summer,my company earned me$40,000in the first year.It’s not easy to develop a business.If you hope to be financially independent,you must do something while you are young and you can work long hours.For a long time,I was editing nearly ten documents a night.I spent fifty hours a week doing this.It was hard—I was taking some difficult math courses at the same time.Then I hired my first four employees,and I never edited a single document again.The next year,I turned down my summer job at a big investment bank and spent the vacation expanding CyberEdit.In December,Wired magazine contacted me and asked me to write an article about my life.After the article appeared in March,interested investors began to contact me.In June,one of them decided to invest a large sum of money in the company.So...the Wired article brought me over a million dollars in funding! More than anything else,good publicity helps a new business attract investors and customers.A successful teenage entrepreneur is an interesting story,so getting publicity and funding for the business was easier because of my age.Investors came to me,not because I was making money and employing fifty college students,but because they read about it in Wired magazine,and saw it on ABC World News Tonight.My advice to young people who consider starting a company is:Do it now!Don’t delay starting it until you’ve finished school or had some“real-world experience”.Section DIn this section,you will hear a short passage.There are10missing words or phrases.Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear.The passage will be read twice.Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.The British monarchy is an enormously popular institution.This is largely due to the fact that it does not actually ernment is the task of ministers,who are responsible to the House of Commons,which is elected by the people.Although the Sovereign has very wide theoretical powers,they are seldom used.The Queen is really a figurehead representing the country.She and her family are a symbol that people can identify with.The British public is obsessed with the details of royal family life,and when people feel that the Queen has problems with her children or her sister,they see her as a“real person”with the same worries and anxieties as themselves.The Queen is probably the wealthiest woman in the world,most of the money coming from family investments rather than the state.In recent years the Queen has become a roving ambassador for Britain,and if we calculate the increase in trade after a royal visit abroad,the nation probably makes a profit from her activities,and that does not take into account the income from tourism in Britain and great state events such as royal weddings.This is the end of the listening part.Please transfer your answers to the answer sheet.6--。
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)D类模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）D类模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comperhension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comperhension 5. Error Correction 6. Translation 7. IQ Test 8. WritingPart I Listening ComperhensionSection A听力原文：W: I’ve just heard that I’ve got to go to a conference in London this weekend.M: How will you get to the airport? Do you want me to order a taxi or will you go by train? W: I prefer to go by train.1．How will the woman get to the airport?A．By train.B．By bus.C．By underground.D．By taxi.正确答案：A解析：录音最后女士说到她更喜欢坐火车去机场。
因此选A项。
听力原文：M: Hello, Arts Centre. Peter speaking. How can I help you?W: Listen, actually I wanted to buy five tickets for tomorrow’s show, but after ten minutes’waiting, I got disconnected. M: I’m sorry, madam. We’re having problems with the line.2．Why did the woman get disconnected?A．Because the tickets were all sold out.B．Because there were no people working there.C．Because she asked too many questions.D．Because there was something wrong with the line.正确答案：D解析：录音中两人在谈论买票的事情，女士说她想买票，可是等了10分钟后，她掉线了，男士则说线路出了问题。
大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．This bar chart shows how many times a class of children hit a target with a set of ten beanbags. How many children hit the target fewer than 7 times?A．21.B．22.C．23D．24正确答案：B解析：本题要求的是撞击在7次以下的人数，由图表可知7次以下的为22人。
2．Balbir wants to guide a robot along the white squares through this maze.The robot starts on the square marked “Entrance”, and must finish on the square marked”Exit”.It can only move FORWARD, TURN RIGHT 90°and TURN LEFT 90°.Which instructions will guide the robot through the maze?A．FORWARD 4, TURN LEFT 90°, FORWARD 2, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 3, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 5.B．FORWARD 3, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 1, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 3, TURN LEFT 90 , FORWARD 3.C．FORWARD 3, TURN LEFT 90 , FORWARD 1, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 2, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 4.D．FORWARD 3, TURN RIGHT 90 , FORWARD 1, TURN LEFT 90 , FORWARD 2, TURN LEFT 90 , FORWARD 4.正确答案：C解析：前移三个格，左转90度，再前移一个格，右转90度，再前移两个格，右转90度，前移四个格就可以出去了，但每前移一格都不包括机器人所站的那一格。
2016年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛答案(C类)
2016年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛答案（C类）Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)1—5 DBDCBSection B (10 marks)6—10 BBCAD 11—15 CADDBSection C (5 marks)16—20 CBBAD最新全国大学生英语竞赛历年真题精讲（A、B、C、D类）Section D (10 marks)21. bush 22. overactive 23. gave quick energy 24. nutrition25. created 26. spices 27. came much later 28. was forbidden29. spread 30. replacedPart II Vocabulary, Grammar and Culture (15 marks)Section A (10 marks)31—35 BABDC 36—40 DAADBSection B (5 marks)41—45 DBBCA作文评分标准：一、评分原则：1. 本题满分为I 10 分；II 20 分，按四个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整本档次，最后给分。
3. I 词数少于100 词或多于140 的，II 词数少于140 或多于180 的，从总分中减去2 分。
4. 如书写较差，以致影响阅卷，将分数降低一档。
二、各档次给分范围和要求第四档（很好）：I 9-10 分；II 16-20 分完全符合写作格式的要求，覆盖多个内容要点，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无词汇和语法错误。
第三档（好）：I 6-8 分；II 11-15 分基本符合写作格式的要求，有个别地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本通顺、连贯，有少量词汇和语法错误。
全国大学英语竞赛D类
出题形式：
⑤要求考生根据所读材料的内容，对题目给出的句 子判断正误或判断是否提及，即Yes／：No／Not given 题型；
⑥给出4个段落标题，要求考生根据每段所讲述的内 容从这4个标题中找出哪个与之相对应，即Choosing from the headings题型。
✓ 要增加词汇积累，关注专用名词，专业术语和 习惯用 语。
✓ 掌握必要的翻译技巧，采用适当的 翻译方法。例如： 増词法，减词法，词类转换法，分译法，合译法等。
从句的翻译应遵循以下原则：
1）对主语从句或宾语从句，应该先拆开再译。 2）注意状语从句在汉语中的位置与在英语中的位置不同。 3）同位语从句因为是对前面名词的解释，所以可以用破折号表示。
Section D (Note taking-听写填空题)
题型解读：
信息填空题，考生补全信息 （一般为一个词， 却多为实词，个别为短语，简易或 短小。听两遍。）
答题策略：
浏览全文，熟悉生僻词语，了解大意，注意空格前后词 语，把握他们之间的意义和搭配关系。
听不懂立即放弃，听写时间来不及，可用符号或字母 替代， 整理时在将词语补充完整。
第二部分: 词汇和语法结构
共15题, 共计10分, 答题时间为5分钟。
题型：12道语法和词汇，3道情景会话题。
答题策略：
词汇和语法结构测试都有一些无须研读或分析 就能正确选出答案，如：词汇，词语搭配，固 定短语，固定句型题。不能选出正确答案时， 可根据句子结构或句意排除错误信息，确定正 确答案。对于情景对话，根据对话内容所提供 的信息，回忆，归纳该交流项目常用表达形式 或特有的表达形式，排除干扰选项。
全国大学生英语竞赛D类（专科生）历年真题及模拟试题详解【圣才出品】
全国大学生英语竞赛D类（专科生）历年真题及模拟试题详解【圣才出品】全国大学生英语竞赛D类考试2007年初赛试题及详解PartⅠListening Comprehension(25minutes,30points)（略）PartⅡVocabulary and Structure(10minutes,15points)There are15incomplete sentences in this part.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31.The village used to be small,and had only a few streets.There were only three shops:_____and theGeneral Store.A.the butchers’,the bakers’B.the butchers,the bakersC.butchers,bakersD.the butcher’s,the baker’s【答案】D【解析】句意：这个乡村过去很小，只有几条街道，也只有三个店铺：肉店、面包店和杂货店。
在职业后面加’s有表示该职业的就职场所的用法。
32.In answer_____my question,my sister nodded in_____.A.for;satisfactionB.to;agreementC.of;amazementD.with;surprise【答案】B【解析】句意：在回答我的提问时，妹妹同意的点了点头。
2016年全国大学生英语竞赛B类样题参考答案
2016National English Competition forCollege Students(Level B-Sample)参考答案及评分标准Part I.Listening Comprehension（30marks）Section A(5marks)1—5DCBAASection B(10marks)6—10BAABC11—15BABCCSection C(5marks)16—20ABCDASection D(10marks)21.storage of heat;22.cloud cover;23.ocean currents;24.gains;25.length of time;26.great width;27.wind variations;28.initiation;29.multiple ways;30.predictions;Part II Vocabulary,Grammar&Culture(15marks)Section A(10marks)31—35ADBCC36—40DBBDCSection B(5marks)41—45CDBABPart III Cloze(10marks)46.city;47.settlement;48.to/with;49.shock/one;50.great;51.together;52.if/whether;53.dressed;54.Hers;55.like;Part IV Reading Comprehension(35marks)Section A(5marks)56—60FTFTTSection B(10marks)61—65FCAEBSection C(10marks)66.A little thought in advance could help to avoid being trapped in a job rut,such as“Don’t look at the market frantically and step back just long enough to find out about yourself before you step into that first position.”67.It’s created to help college graduates navigate the transition into the working world and get job satisfaction.1--68.Because they feel they don’t have any skills to offer most employers but they are usually highly gifted communicators.69.Doing informational interviews with people in industries you think you might be interested in and thinking about how you would feel about the job in the future.70.Getting more than a good job.Section D(10marks)71.psychological explanations;72.a minor factor;73.improved efficiency;74.simplicity;75.excitement;Part V Translation(15marks)Section A(5marks)76.中国首都北京的专家们已经发布了今年迄今为止最高的雾霾警报。
2016年大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)D类决赛真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2016年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）D类决赛真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comperhension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comperhension 5. Error Correction 6. Translation 7. IQ Test 8. WritingPart I Listening ComperhensionSection A听力原文：W: Bye, David! Good luck with the interview!M: Thanks, I’ll need it.I hope the trains are running on time. If I’m late for the interview, I’ll be furious with myself. W: Just stay calm. Call me when you can.1．How will David go to the interview?A．By underground.B．On foot.C．By car.D．By train.正确答案：D解析：录音中David提到“I hope the trains are running on time．”，由此可知，他要乘坐火车，故答案为D项。
听力原文：W: Johnson isn’t at work today. M: Why? What’s up with him?W: He was walking to work yesterday when a car knocked him over.2．Why was Johnson absent from work?A．He was caught in a traffic jam.B．He had a headache.C．His car broke down.D．He got injured by a car.正确答案：D解析：录音中女士提到“He was walking to work yesterday when a car knocked him over．”，可知，Johnson没有来上班是因为昨天被车撞了，故答案为D项。
大学生英语竞赛D类词汇语法专项强化真题试卷12(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛D类词汇语法专项强化真题试卷12(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．Leisure time is a______commodity for most professors. Still, ______manage to curl up with a good book when they have the chance.A．usual; fewB．cheap; manyC．regular; lessD．scarce; a few正确答案：D解析：休闲时间对于大多数教授来说是一件稀有物品，一些教授一有机会就会蜷缩起来看书。
scarce缺乏的，不足的；稀有的。
a few少许，少数。
curl up 蜷缩。
2．Sandy: “Beats me”? What do you mean by that? Ruby; “ I don’t know.Sandy: You don’t? ______Ruby; Well, that’s not what I meant. “Beats me” means “I don’t know”.A．Did you say you beat someone?B．You meant to beat me?C．Who do you think meant it?D．How come you said it then?正确答案：D解析：Sandy对“Beats me”不太理解，因而就问Ruby，从Ruby最后的回答可知Sandy的问话应该是“…那你说话的意思是?”所以D选项符合题意。
3．I was not quite______with the coat, particularly its sleeves. So I asked the______to make the sleeves a bit shorter.A．pleased; sailorB．satisfied; tailorC．happy; carpenterD．surprised; barber正确答案：B解析：我对这件外套不是很满意，尤其是它的袖子，因而我请裁缝帮我把袖子裁短了一点。
大学生英语竞赛D类阅读理解专项强化真题试卷16(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛D类阅读理解专项强化真题试卷16(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.If you understand this conversation, you probably like to chat on the Internet. Millions of Internet users around the world are u-sing a language that they are developing by themselves. This new English, or Internet slang, is made up of new words such as “blog”: contractions such as “HMWK”for “homework”: acronyms(words formed from first letters)such as “LOL”for “laughing out loud”: and finally, symbols that represent emotions, like”:)”. Why do people use Internet slang? The main reason has to do with speed. Internet chatters are usually in a hurry! They want to send their messages quickly. By using contractions and symbols, writers can type more words per minute. Why take the time to type “For your information”when you could simply type “FYI”? Some of the new words and contractions used by chatters eventually become a part of everyday speech. In this way, chatters are helping the English language to grow. They are inventing new terms that will probably soon appear in dictionaries. You can already find the words “blog”and “blogging”in most new dictionaries. It’s not difficult to find negative opinions about Internet slang. Using Internet slang almost ever-y day, chatters are starting not to care about correct spellings or grammar. Many teachers complain that students who are used to online chatting are confusing Internet slang with proper English. They worry that chatters are contaminating the language with their invented words and careless grammar. They say Internet chatters should pay attention to using English correctly online. What do you think? Answer the following questions according to the passage.1．What is the best title for the passage?正确答案：Internet Slang：Welcome or Not?解析：(本文首先引出网络语言的使用及其构成，接着分析了人们使用网络语言的原因，随后指出使用网络语言的利弊，可知本文主要与人们对于网络语言的态度相关。
大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛D类智力测试专项强化真题试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．Natalie, Michelle and Anthony have to be at school by 8:45 a.m. . Michelle is never late for school. On Monday Anthony was late for school. If these statements are true, only one of the sentences below must be true.Which one?A．Natalie is sometimes late for school.B．Anthony sometimes arrives after Michelle.C．Natalie sometimes arrives after Michelle.D．Anthony always arrives after Michelle.正确答案：B解析：由题意可知B选项正确，因为Michelle是从来不迟到的。
2．When point G is added, DEFG is a square. What are the coordinates of point G?A．(1, 7)B．(0, 6)C．(2, 7)D．(1, 6)正确答案：D解析：要求G点的坐标而且要组成一个正方形，因而G点和E点关于直线DF对称，所以D选项正确。
3．How many times will shape T fit into shape S?A．16.B．20.C．24D．26正确答案：C解析：由图可知，左图是由四个六边形组成的。
将这四个六边形的中心分别与其顶点连接可知，每个六边形中可放置六个三角形，则四个六边形中共可放置24个三角形。
故C选项正确。
4．The combined ages of Frasier and Niles is 88 years. The combined ages of Niles and Daphne is 76 years. The combined ages of Frasier and Daphne is 80 years. Figure out each person’s age.A．Frasier 34, Niles 42, Daphne 46.B．Frasier 43 , Niles 42, Daphne 46.C．Frasier 42, Niles 46, Daphne 43.D．Frasier 46, Niles 42, Daphne 34.正确答案：D解析：分别以他们名字的开头字母F、N、D代表其人，根据题意可得出如下方程式：①F+N=88②N+D=76③F+D=80由①一②可得F—D=12因而可以求出F=46。