心内科医学专业英语词汇
心内科考博英语词汇
心内科考博英语词汇Essential Medical Vocabulary for Cardiovascular Research and Doctoral-Level Studies.1. Cardiology Basics.Cardiology: The branch of medicine dealing with the structure, function, diseases, and treatment of the heart and blood vessels.Cardiovascular System: The system in the body that circulates blood, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood itself.Myocardium: The muscular tissue of the heart wall.Endocardium: The innermost lining of the heart chambers and blood vessels.Pericardium: The sac-like structure that surrounds theheart.2. Anatomical Terms.Atria: The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood.Ventricles: The lower chambers of the heart that pump blood.Septum: The wall that separates the atria and ventricles.Aortic Valve: The valve that controls the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta.Mitral Valve: The valve between the left atrium and ventricle.3. Pathological Conditions.Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Narrowing or blockageof the coronary arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis.Myocardial Infarction (MI): Death of heart muscletissue due to lack of blood supply, commonly known as aheart attack.Cardiac Arrhythmia: Abnormal heart rhythm, caused by electrical conduction issues within the heart.Heart Failure: A condition where the heart is unableto pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.4. Diagnostic Procedures.Echocardiography: Ultrasound imaging of the heart to assess structure and function.Cardiac Catheterization: Procedure to inject dye into the heart's blood vessels to visualize them on X-ray.Electrocardiogram (ECG): A test that records the electrical activity of the heart.Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Imaging technique that produces detailed pictures of the heart.5. Therapeutic Interventions.Angioplasty: Procedure to widen narrowed arteries using a balloon or stent.Coronary Bypass Graft: Surgical procedure to redirect blood flow around a blocked coronary artery.Antiarrhythmics: Drugs used to regulate heart rhythm.Heart Transplant: Surgical procedure to replace a failing heart with a donor heart.6. Cardiovascular Pharmacology.Beta-Blockers: Drugs that slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure.ACE Inhibitors: Drugs that relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.Statins: Drugs used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.Anticoagulants: Drugs that prevent blood from clotting, reducing the risk of stroke or heart attack.7. Cardiovascular Epidemiology.Risk Factors: Variables that increase the likelihoodof developing cardiovascular disease, such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.Primary Prevention: Measures taken to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease in individuals at risk.Secondary Prevention: Measures taken to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events in individuals who have already had a cardiovascular event.8. Cardiovascular Research.Genetic Studies: Investigations into the role of genetics in cardiovascular disease.Clinical Trials: Research studies that evaluate the safety and effectiveness of new drugs, devices, or treatment strategies in humans.Outcomes Research: Studies that assess the long-term effects of cardiovascular disease and its treatment on patients' lives.Translational Research: The process of applying findings from basic science research to clinical practice.This vocabulary covers a broad range of essential terms and concepts related to cardiovascular research and doctoral-level studies in the field of cardiology. However, it is important to note that this is a general overview,and specific subtopics within cardiology may require additional specialized vocabulary.。
心血管内科英语专业词汇
心血管内科英语专业词汇Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, and a thorough understanding of the specialized terminology in cardiology is essential for healthcare professionals. Here is a list of key English vocabulary terms used in the field of cardiovascular medicine:1. Atherosclerosis - A condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow.2. Angina - Chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.3. Arrhythmia - Irregular heartbeats, which can be too fast, too slow, or irregular.4. Cardiomyopathy - A disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood.5. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - A condition in whichthe coronary arteries become narrowed due to atherosclerosis, which can lead to chest pain (angina) or a heart attack.6. Echocardiogram - A test that uses ultrasound to create images of the heart's size, shape, and motion.7. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) - A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart, which can help detectabnormal heart rhythms and heart attacks.8. Hypertension - High blood pressure, which can damage the blood vessels and heart over time.9. Ischemia - A lack of blood flow to a part of the body, often due to a blocked artery.10. Myocardial Infarction (MI) - Commonly known as a heart attack, it occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually by a blood clot.11. Pericarditis - Inflammation of the pericardium, the sac-like covering around the heart.12. Pulmonary Embolism - A blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, usually caused by bloodclots that travel to the lungs from the legs or other parts of the body.13. Valvular Heart Disease - Conditions that affect the function of one or more of the heart's valves, which can be due to damage, calcium deposits, or other causes.14. Vasodilation - The widening of blood vessels, which helps to lower blood pressure and improve blood flow.15. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - A congenital heart defect where there is a hole in the wall (septum) between the heart's lower chambers (ventricles).Understanding these terms is crucial for anyone studying or working in cardiovascular medicine, as they form the basis for effective communication and diagnosis within the specialty.。
医学专业英语词汇
一、内科常用字汇心血管系统The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机堵塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统The Respiratory System Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门堵塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 马上丧潦倒识Eye opening睁眼反响Verbal response 言语反响Motor response 运动反响Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal System Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特别感觉器官The Organs of Special Senses Audiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 根底体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能缺乏autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床病症blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复言语catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 推断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 感情转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 梦想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为医治Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 别离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 一般生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 根底代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学医治法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能医治OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理医治PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射医治RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 医治SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 马上Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特别感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理稚嫩园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man) Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches 柺杖Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 冷静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学医治Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验汇报Radiographic reports X光检查汇报Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术汇报Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项( identifying data or biographic data)admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)feel unwell (ill, poorly) 劳累感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy (vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack (loss) of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion) asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber (=light sleep)a nap (=a short sleep)a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)入睡fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic睡意sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)睡眠缺乏loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound (profound) sleep睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面(weight ; body weight)体重为weigh~ ; be ~ in weight最高maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weight loss ; loss of weight体重增加weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱emaciated (emaciation)肥胖fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温take one's temperature发烧fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature发烧的feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit寒颤shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗sweating ; perspiration弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever连续热continuous fever危险期by crisis转轻期by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛occipital pain侧头部痛temporal pain前头部痛frontal pain头痛have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head耳痛earache ; sore ears ; toalgia咽喉痛sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart) 齿痛toothache胸痛chest pain心前部痛precordial pain心绞痛anginal pain胸股下後痛substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache 上腹痛epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium 上腹部痛upper abdominal pain下腹部痛lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛flank pain背痛backache腰痛low backache ; lumbago关节痛joint pain肌肉痛muscular pain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛renal colic痛cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic 博动痛throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain转移性痛radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛referred pain电击痛lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛girdle pain神经根性痛root pain空腹痛hunger pain夜间痛nocturnal pain自发痛spontaneous pain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed (steady) pain灼热痛burning pain刺状痛lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛splitting ; racking撕裂状痛tearing ; rending ;钝痛dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛gnawing ; griping擦伤痛stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath ; respiration呼吸困难difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath深呼吸breathe deeply叹息sigh ; draw a long breath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea ; rapid breathing喘呜wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏sneezing ; sneeze打嗝hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus咳嗽cough阵发性咳嗽have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉clear the throat乾咳dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰mucoid sputum脓性喀痰purulent sputum血性喀痰bloody sputum混血喀痰blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰greenish sputum锈色喀痰rusty sputum感冒common cold流形性感冒influenze ; flu ; grippe上呼吸道感染upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.) 胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia食欲增进increase (improvement) of appetite无食欲have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲lose one's apptite空腹an empty stomach咀嚼chewing ; mastication吞咽swallow gulp吞咽困难difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气打噎belching ; eructation打酸噎sour eructation心灼热heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆流regugitation恶心nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸jaundice ; icterus腹水ascites通便bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘constipation水状watery stool (feces)血状bloody stool柏油状tarry stool泥状mushy stool软状loose stool硬状hard stool呈固状formed stool呈半固状semiformed stool大便失禁fecal incontinence放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate尿意urge (desire ) to urinate尿急urinary urgency频尿urinary frequency夜间频尿frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿urinary retention尿失禁urinary incontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿cloudy (turbid) urine血尿bloody urine ; hematuria性欲sexual desire ; libido性交sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄premature ejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼circumcision性病veneral disease (V.D.)月经menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮menarche ; onset of menses停经menopause更年期climacteric ; changeof life痛经dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation 无月经amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow白带vaginal discharge阴道出血vaginal bleeding少量时yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠pregnancy ; conception怀孕conceive ; be pregnant不妊sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive流产abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception; birth control避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered坐月子childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain (twist ; wrench )关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout (gaut)关节痛arthralgia ; joint pain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast ; plaster of Paris义腿(肢) artificial limb肌肉痛muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋strain ; sprain肩坚硬stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp抽筋have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊clouding of consciousness丧潦倒识loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness恢复意识recover consciousness昏厥fainting ; syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy 杂乱confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力muscular weakness步行困难difficulty in walking说话不清speak thickly蹒跚stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along肌肉萎缩atrophy of muscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia 失去感觉become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy神经衰弱nervous breaksown意志消沉depressed ; in low spirits情绪佳in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric情绪不稳定unstable ; labile capricious易受刺激excitable ; easily excited ; irritable不安的anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy内向的人introvert外向的人extrovert健忘be forgetful ; have a poor memory漠不关怀indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned 自卑感inferiority complex歇斯底里病hysteria眼耳鼻咽喉视力丧失lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind 失明loss of vision ; blindness视力减退impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring近视near-sightedness ; myopia myopy远视far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope 折射异常refractive error乱视astigmatism斜视strabismus ; squint复视diplopia ; double vision夜盲night-blindness ; nyctalopia盲点scotoma ; blind spot眼睛劳累eyestrain泪流过多overflow of tears异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness怕光photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light结膜炎conjunctivitis砂眼trachoma听力减退impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing重听be hard of hearing耳聋deaf耳鸣ringing of ears ; tinnitus耳痛earache ; otalgia耳垢cerumen ; erawax ;中耳炎otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear流鼻水snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;鼻伤风sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza擤鼻涕blow the nose ;鼻声a nasal voice鼻塞nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion鼻出血nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis鼻炎rhinitis扁桃tonsil扁桃炎tonsillitis齿痛toothache蛀齿decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity。
医学专业英语词汇大全
一、内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System Acute Myocardial Infarction AMI 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram DCG 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔兹海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. Hct. Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼P. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一. every day 每日every hour 每小时.every morning 每日早晨. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方 Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半Ststat immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌TTPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴外生殖器官脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校nursing home Private convalescence hospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院nursery school 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任 Medical manInternist = intern = intern 实习生Internist = 内科医师House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生通常3或4学生Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse .取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walkMalingerer 装病的人 malinger 装病Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches 柺杖Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CPR 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance 中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent or permission for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项identifying data or biographic dataadmission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexage birth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise = a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfortfeel unwell ill, poorly疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy vigor listlessness exhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack loss of strength debility powerlessness prostration= extreme weakness or exhaustionasthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber =light sleepa nap =a short sleepa doze = a light or fitful sleep入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic睡意sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡 become= feel =get sleepy=drowsy = somnolent睡眠不足 loss= lack = want of sleep 失眠insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人 insomniac熟睡 sound profound sleep睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦 dream恶梦 nightmare梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面weight ; body weight体重为 weigh~ ; be ~ in weight最高 maximum最低 minimum平均 average 最适 optimum现在 present体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight 体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱 emaciated emaciation肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况body temperature量体温 take one's temperature发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise elevation of temperature ; increase in temperature发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit 寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗 sweating ; perspiration弛张热 remittent fever间歇热 intermittent fever连续热 continuous fever危险期 by crisis转轻期 by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛 occipital pain侧头部痛 temporal pain 前头部痛 frontal pain头痛 havesuffer a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia 咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛 have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurtsmart齿痛 toothache胸痛 chest pain心前部痛 precordial pain心绞痛 anginal pain胸股下後痛 substernal retrosternal pain胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain ; bellystomach ache上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in theepigastrium上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain 侧腹部痛 flank pain背痛 backache腰痛 low backache ; lumbago关节痛 joint pain肌肉痛 muscular pain神经痛 neuralgia绞痛 colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic 肾石痛 renal colic痛cramps ; crampy cramping pain; spasmodic 博动痛 throbbingpounding, thumping, pulsating pain转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛 referred pain电击痛 lightning fulgurant, shooting pain带状痛 girdle pain神经根性痛 root pain空腹痛 hunger pain夜间痛 nocturnal pain自发痛 spontaneous pain压痛 tenderness固定痛fixed steady pain灼热痛 burning pain刺状痛lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ;钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛 pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸 breath ; respiration呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath 深呼吸 breathe deeply 叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath喘息 pant端坐呼吸 orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion physical activity夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing 喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze打嗝 hiccup hiccough ; singultus咳嗽 cough阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉 clear the throat乾咳dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid tenaceous ; thick sputum浓喀痰 frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum脓性喀痰 purulent sputum血性喀痰 bloody sputum混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰 greenish sputum锈色喀痰 rusty sputum感冒 common cold流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe 胸膜炎 pleruisy气喘 asthma心悸 palpitation悸动 palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse heart beat速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症 angina =angina pectoris心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve leaky heart动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振 a poor weak or bad appetite ; no little appetite ; loss lack or decrease ofappetite ; anorexia食欲增进increase improvement of appetite无食欲have no little ; a poor appetite食欲旺盛have a strong voracious appetite丧失食欲 lose one's apptite空腹 an empty stomach 咀嚼 chewing ; mastication吞咽 swallow gulp吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气打噎 belching ; eructation打酸噎 sour eructation心灼热heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆流 regugitation恶心nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣 coffee-grounds消化 digestion消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸 jaundice ; icterus腹水 ascites通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘 constipation水状watery stool feces血状 bloody stool 柏油状 tarry stool泥状 mushy stool软状 loose stool硬状 hard stool呈固状 formed stool呈半固状 semiformed stool大便失禁 fecal incontinence放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus 泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination ; micturition ; passvoid urine ; urinate ; micturate 尿意 urge desire to urinate尿急 urinary urgency频尿 urinary frequency夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿 polyuria少尿 oliguria无尿 anuria排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿 urinary retention尿失禁 urinary incontinence夜间多尿 nocutria夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿 cloudy turbid urine血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria性欲 sexual desire ; libido性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎 impotence勃起 erection 射精 ejaculation早泄 premature ejaculation遗精 pollution梦遗nocturnal pollutionemission; wet dream包茎phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin prepuce割礼 circumcision性病 veneral disease .月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮 menarche ; onset of menses停经 menopause更年期 climacteric ; changeof life 痛经dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow白带 vaginal discharge阴道出血 vaginal bleeding少量时 yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠 pregnancy ; conception怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant不妊sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive 流产 abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception; birth control避孕药 contraceptive阵痛 labor 生产分娩childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to; be delivered坐月子childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤 sprain挫伤 sprain twist ; wrench关节炎 arthritis风湿症 theumatism痛风 gout gaut关节痛 arthralgia ; joint pain变形 deformity骨折 fracture石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris义腿肢 artificial limb肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋 strain ; sprain肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊 clouding of consciousness丧失意识loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness 恢复意识 recover consciousness昏厥 fainting ; syncope昏睡 soma昏迷 stupor嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy错乱confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的 delirious幻觉 hallucination痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫 epilepsy半身不遂 be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力 muscular weakness步行困难 difficulty in walking说话不清 speak thickly蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle左手性 left-handedness右手性 right-handedness运动失调 ataxia无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia失去感觉become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏 hypersthesia知觉迟钝 hypesthesia知觉异常 paresthesia神经质nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy 神经衰弱 nervous breaksown意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits情绪佳in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric情绪不稳定unstable ; labile capricious易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable不安的anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy内向的人 introvert外向的人 extrovert健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned自卑感 inferiority complex歇斯底里病 hysteria。
医学专业英语词汇
一、内科常用字汇心血管系统The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统The Endocrine SystemGlycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病) Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches 柺杖Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance 中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项( identifying data or biographic data)admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)feel unwell (ill, poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy (vigor) listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack (loss) of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion)asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber (=light sleep)a nap (=a short sleep)a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)入睡fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic睡意sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)睡眠不足loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound (profound) sleep睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken 作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面(weight ; body weight)体重为weigh~ ; be ~ in weight最高maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weight loss ; loss of weight 体重增加weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱emaciated (emaciation)肥胖fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温take one's temperature发烧fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature发烧的feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit 寒颤shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗sweating ; perspiration弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever连续热continuous fever危险期by crisis转轻期by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛occipital pain侧头部痛temporal pain前头部痛frontal pain头痛have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛earache ; sore ears ; toalgia咽喉痛sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart)齿痛toothache胸痛chest pain心前部痛precordial pain心绞痛anginal pain 胸股下後痛substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache上腹痛epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛upper abdominal pain下腹部痛lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛left upper quadrant pain 侧腹部痛flank pain背痛backache腰痛low backache ; lumbago关节痛joint pain肌肉痛muscular pain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛renal colic痛cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic博动痛throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain转移性痛radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛referred pain电击痛lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛girdle pain神经根性痛root pain空腹痛hunger pain夜间痛nocturnal pain自发痛spontaneous pain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed (steady) pain灼热痛burning pain刺状痛lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛splitting ; racking撕裂状痛tearing ; rending ;钝痛dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛gnawing ; griping擦伤痛stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath ; respiration呼吸困难difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath 深呼吸breathe deeply叹息sigh ; draw a long breath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea ; rapid breathing喘呜wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏sneezing ; sneeze打嗝hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus咳嗽cough阵发性咳嗽have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉clear the throat乾咳dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate 喀血hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰mucoid sputum脓性喀痰purulent sputum血性喀痰bloody sputum混血喀痰blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰greenish sputum锈色喀痰rusty sputum感冒common cold 流形性感冒influenze ; flu ; grippe上呼吸道感染upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行intermittent claudication 消化器官系统食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia 食欲增进increase (improvement) of appetite无食欲have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲lose one's apptite空腹an empty stomach咀嚼chewing ; mastication吞咽swallow gulp吞咽困难difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气打噎belching ; eructation打酸噎sour eructation心灼热heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆流regugitation恶心nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸jaundice ; icterus腹水ascites通便bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘constipation水状watery stool (feces)血状bloody stool柏油状tarry stool泥状mushy stool软状loose stool硬状hard stool呈固状formed stool呈半固状semiformed stool大便失禁fecal incontinence放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate 尿意urge (desire ) to urinate尿急urinary urgency频尿urinary frequency夜间频尿frequent urination during the night ; nycturia 多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿urinary retention尿失禁urinary incontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿cloudy (turbid) urine血尿bloody urine ; hematuria性欲sexual desire ; libido性交sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄premature ejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼circumcision性病veneral disease (V.D.)月经menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮menarche ; onset of menses停经menopause更年期climacteric ; changeof life痛经dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经amenorrhea ; missed periods 月经过多menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow白带vaginal discharge阴道出血vaginal bleeding少量时yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠pregnancy ; conception怀孕conceive ; be pregnant不妊sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ;inability to conceive流产abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception; birth control避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered坐月子childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain (twist ; wrench )关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout (gaut)关节痛arthralgia ; joint pain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast ; plaster of Paris义腿(肢) artificial limb肌肉痛muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋strain ; sprain肩坚硬stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp抽筋have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊clouding of consciousness 丧失意识loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness恢复意识recover consciousness昏厥fainting ; syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy错乱confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力muscular weakness步行困难difficulty in walking说话不清speak thickly蹒跚stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along肌肉萎缩atrophy of muscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia失去感觉become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy神经衰弱nervous breaksown意志消沉depressed ; in low spirits情绪佳in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric情绪不稳定unstable ; labile capricious易受刺激excitable ; easily excited ; irritable不安的anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy内向的人introvert外向的人extrovert健忘be forgetful ; have a poor memory漠不关心indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned。
专业英语(医学类)必掌握词汇大全
专业英语（医学类）必掌握词汇大全一、内科常用字汇心血管系统The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction(AMI)急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram(DCG)心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease先天性心脏病Hemangioma血管瘤Vasodilatation血管扩张Arteriosclerosis动脉硬化Hypertension高血压Hypertrophy肥大Hypotension低血压Varicose veins静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism肺栓塞Mucosa黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema肺积脓消化系统The Digestive SystemShort of breath呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia吞咽困难Gingivitis齿龈炎Pharyngitis咽炎Laryngitis喉炎Esophagoscopy食道镜检查Esophagus stricture食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer胃癌Gastritis胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis腹膜炎Enterorrhagia肠出血Enterorrhexis肠破裂Appendicitis阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy直肠镜检查Rectal cancer直肠癌Anal Fistual肛门廔管External hemorrhoid外痔Internal hemorrhoid内痔Excretion排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly肝肿大Gall Stone胆结石Cholelithiasis胆石症Liver Cirrhosis肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage脑出血Cerebral Edema脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage颅内出血Encephalitis脑炎Electromyography肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia三叉神经痛Rachitis痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis脊椎炎Quadriplegia四肢麻痹Paraplegia下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response语言反应Motor response运动反应Corneal reflex角膜反射Plantar reflex膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea舞蹈症Muscle atrophy肌萎缩Migraine偏头痛Parkinson's Disease巴金森式症Brain Swelling脑肿胀brain Concussion脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation截肢Bone graft骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement人工弥补置换术Range of Motion运动范围Varus内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCircumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone肾结石Acute Renal Failure急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis输尿管狭窄Dysuria排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection尿路感染Vasoligation输精管结扎Impotence阳萎特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special Senses Audiometer听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body眼内异物Intraocular pressure眼内压Oculus Uterque双眼Oculus Sinister左眼Oculus Dexter右眼Extraocular Muscle眼外肌Ophthalmologist眼科医师Diplopia复视Myopia近视Blepharoptosis眼睑下垂Corneitis角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment视网膜剥落Visual field视野Vocal nodular声带结节Dermatologist皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication禁忌症Biology生物学Hyperemesis剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual同性的Heterosexual异性的Inject注射Lipoma脂肪瘤Lipoid脂肪样的Lipomatosis脂肪过多症Malformaiton畸形Malaise不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia夜尿症Ployuria多尿Narcotics麻醉药Hyperplasia增殖Dysplasia发育不良Dyspepsia消化不良Prognosis预後Antipyretic解热剂Hydrophobia恐水症Photophobia畏光Antibiotic抗生素Syndrome症候群Hydrotherapy水疗法Perforation穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital生殖的Gynecology妇科Menstruation月经Menopause更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary卵巢Ovarian Cyst卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography乳房X光摄影术Infertility不孕症InVitro Fertilization体外受精Amnion羊膜Amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism羊水栓塞Hydramnion羊水过多Anterpartal产前的Antepartum分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination人工受精Engagement进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum初乳Termination of Pregnancy终止怀孕Corpus Luteum黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease性病Tubal Ligation输卵管结扎Laparoscope腹腔镜Embryo胚胎Ectopic Gestation子宫外孕Primipara初产妇Attitude of Fetus胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus胎死腹中Multipara经产妇Parity经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature基础体温Cesarean Section剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement预产期Fallopian Tube输卵管Forceps产钳Hydatidiform Mole水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Incubator保温箱Cleft lip兔唇Chicken pox水痘Club foot畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis先天性梅毒German Measles/Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease手足口病Jaundice黄疸Mongolian spots蒙古斑Mumps腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation智能不足autism自闭症dement痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism酒瘾substances Intoxication物质中毒alcohol Intoxication酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect感情迟钝silly Laughter傻笑irritable易怒的euphoria欣快感depression忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt自杀企图queer behavior怪异行为bizarre behavior特异行为hypertalkative多话hypotalkative少话mutistic不语hyperactivity活动过多hypoactivity活动过少compulsive behavior强迫行为verbigeration重复语言catelepsy僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior破坏行为autistic thinking自闭性思考poverty of speech言语贫乏flight of ideas意念飞跃loosening of association思考连结松散illogical thinking不合逻辑思考pressure speech言语急迫thought blocking思考中断incoherent语无伦次thought Withdrawal思想退缩irrelevant答非所问delusion妄想delusion of persecution被害妄想delusion of grandeur夸大妄想Phobia恐惧症acrophobia惧高症algophobia惧痛症sexual drive性欲illusion错觉hallucination幻觉auditory hallucination听幻觉disoreinatation失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation虚谈症orientation定向力judgement判断力derealization失真感insight病识感no insight无病识感intellectual insight理性的病识感true emotional insight真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association自由联想dream analysis梦的解析ego自我id原我super ego超我ego boundary自我界限libido原欲scapegoat代罪羔羊internal conflict内在冲突conscious意识unconscious潜意识preconscious前意识transference情感转移depersonalization人格解体derealization脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle享乐原则Reality Principle现实原则Moral Principle道德原则Predisposing Factors潜在因素Precipitating Factors诱发因素Defense Mechanism防卫机转compensation补偿作用conversion转化作用denial否认作用displacement转移作用dissociation解离作用fantasy幻想作用identification认同作用introjection内射作用projection外射作用retionalization合理化作用reaction formation反向作用degression退化作用repression潜抑作用suppression压抑作用restitution归还作用sublimation升华作用substitution取代作用symbolism象徵作用undoing抵销作用distortion曲解作用isolation隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety分离焦虑reinforcement增强原则catharsis情绪宣泄confrontation面质listen倾听restraint约束physical restraint身体的约束chemical药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge自动出院A abdomen腹部ADL activities of daily life日常生活活动A/G albumin/globulin ration白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee膝上B.BE below elbow肘下BH body height身高b.i.d twice a day一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee膝下BM bowel movement肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood,urine,stool血液,小便,大便BW body weight体重C.Ca.Carcinoma癌CBC complete blood count全血球计数CBD common bile duct总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio前後胸部CO cardiac output心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure中心静脉压D.DC discontinue停止D&C dilatation and curettage扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus糖尿病DPT diphtheria,pertussis,tetanus白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram心电图EEG electroecephalogram脑电波图ENT ear,nose,throat耳鼻喉F.FH family history家族史FHS fetal heart sounds胎心音FOU fever of unknown不明原因发烧Fr fracture骨折G.GB gall bladder胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract胃肠道GSR general surgical routine一般外科常规gtt.Drops滴GU genitourinary生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology妇科学HHb hemoglobin血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage高血压性脑内出血h.s.at bedtime睡前HT Hypertension高血压Ht.(Hct.)Hematocrit血球容积Hx History病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I&D Incision and drainage切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure增高胪内压Imp.Impression臆断IM Intramuscular肌肉内的I&O Intake and output输入及排出IV Intravenous静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open静脉点滴维持通畅JJej.Jejunum空肠Jt.Joint关节KKn.Knee膝KUB Kidney,ureter,baldder肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant左下象限LMP last menstrual period最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged可出院MN midnight午夜NNKA non known allergy不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis骨性关节炎OB occult blood潜血OBS obstetrics产科OP operation手术OPD outpatient department门诊Ortho.Orthopaedic骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro左眼OT occupational therapy职能治疗OU Both eyes双眼Pp.c.after meals饭後PCT Penicillin test盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination身体检查PI Present illness目前病况p.o.by mouth由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy物理治疗PTA Prior to admission入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition肠道外的高营养QQ every每一q.d.every day每日q.h every hour每小时q.i.d.four times a day每日四次q.m.every morning每日早晨q.n.every night每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell红血球RN registered nurse护理师R/O rule out可能是RR recovery room恢复室R/T radio-therapy test放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant右上象限Rx take取拿Medication处方Treatment治疗SSc.Subcutaneous皮下的SOB short of breath呼吸短促SP.g.r.specific gravity比重S/P status/post operation手术後s-s half一半St(stat)immediately立刻Staph.Staphylococcus葡萄球菌Tt.i.d.Three times a day每日三次TPR Temperature,pulse,respirations体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell白血球White blood count白血球计数YY/O year old年龄Z zero零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system心血管系统lungs肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood血液Red blood cell红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest胸Air气The Digestive System消化系统Lips唇teeth牙齿tongue舌bile duct胆管gallbladder胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum回肠appendix阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum直肠anus肛门pancreas胰stomach胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids甲状腺和副甲状腺Ovaries卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain脑Spinal cord脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System肌肉骨系统Skull头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum胸骨Ribs助骨Joints关节Ligaments韧带Tendons肌腱Cartilage软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney肾脏Renal pelvis肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum阴囊testis睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear耳朵Hearing听觉的tube耳咽管Eardrum耳骨膜Eustachian欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics&Hynecology妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum大脑corpus callosum胼胝体thalamus视丘cerebellum小脑diencephalon间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis脑下垂体midbrain中脑pons桥脑medulla延脑brain stem脑干眼球构造pupil瞳孔suspensory ligaments悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body玻璃状体internal rectus muscle内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland泪腺excretory lacrimal duct泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造eustachian tube耳咽管helix耳壳tympanic membrance鼓膜external auditory canal外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva齿龈molars大臼齿premolars小臼齿canines犬齿incisors门齿vestibule of mouth口腔前庭upper lip上唇upper lip frenulum上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1.gastric cancer胃癌2.pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3.colon cancer结肠癌4.rectal cancer直肠癌5.prostate cancer摄护腺癌6.nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7.cervical cancer子宫颈癌8.lung cancer肺癌9.esophageal cancer食道癌10.bladder cancer膀胱癌ryngl caner喉癌12.ovarian cancer软巢癌13.liver cancer肝癌14.skin cancer皮肤癌15.breast cancer乳癌16.leukemia血癌17.bone cancer骨癌18.brain tumor脑癌19.heart disease心脏病20.lymphoma淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Nursing school=nursing home护理学校(nursing home)Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school)处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine=Department of Internal Medicine内科Resident in medicine内科住院医师Chief of Medicine内科主任(Medical man)Internist=intern=intern实习生(Internist=内科医师)House officer医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern医院实习生Clinical clerk从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse(R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse手术助理护士Practicing physician=physician in practice=practitioner开业医生Ambulance=ambulatory救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机) Ambulant可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate,ambulatory,up ad lib, may walk)Malingerer装病的人(malinger装病)Paretic麻痹患者Malpractice诊疗错误Emergency room急诊室Ward病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist牙科医生Gynecologist妇科医生Orthopedist骨科医生Oculist眼科医生Pediatrician小儿科医生Psychiatrist精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table诊疗台Clinical thermometer体温计Stethoscope听诊器Reflector反光镜X-ray checkup X光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation手术Scalpel手术刀Syringe针筒Hypodermic needle注射针Injection注射Ice bag冰袋Fixation forceps固定镊Medicine,drug药品Bandage绷带Absorbent cotton脱脂棉Gauze纱布Mask口罩Wheel chair轮椅Crutches柺杖Ambulance救护车Stretcher担架Chart病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure血压Blood type血型Artificial respiration人工呼吸Pill药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment软膏Iodine tincture碘酒Sedative镇静剂Intensive care unit加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(CPR)心肺复苏术Intravenous drip点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet,Summary sheet首页,摘要表History sheet病历表Physical examination sheet身体检查表Physician's order sheet医嘱单Physician's progress note医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes护理记录Graphic chart图式病历Discharge summary sheet出院摘要Operation report手术报告Anesthesia record麻醉记录Consultation sheet会诊单Intake and output sheet摄取与排泄记录Consent(or permission)for operation手术同意书Emergency room record急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项(identifying data or biographic data)admission date住院日期hospital number=chart number病历号码room number病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status=civil status婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer雇主公司行号health insurance number医疗保险号码referring physician转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise(=a vague feeling of bodily discomfort,indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort) feel unwell(ill,poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy(vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack(loss)of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(=extreme weakness or exhaustion)asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber(=light sleep)a nap(=a short sleep)a doze(=a light or fitful sleep)入睡fall asleep;go to sleep小睡take a nap;take a doze;slumber;doze;drowse欲睡的sleepy;drowsy;somolent;lethargic睡意sleepiness;drowsiness;somnolence摧睡become(=feel=get)sleepy(=drowsy=somnolent)睡眠不足loss(=lack=want)of sleep失眠insomnia;sleeplessness;wakefulness;inability to sleep失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound(profound)sleep睡醒awake;wake;rouse;awaken作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking;somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker;somnambulist;night-walker体重方面(weight;body weight)体重为weigh~;be~in weight最高maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weight loss;loss of weight体重增加weight gain;gain in weight;increase in weight瘦thin;lean;skinny瘦弱emaciated(emaciation)肥胖fat;stout;fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温take one's temperature发烧fever;pyrexia;rise(elevation)of temperature;increase in temperature 发烧的feverish;febrile;fevered;pyrexic;pyrexial无发烧的afebrile;feverless;apyrexial发冷a chill;rigor;have a cold fit寒颤shiver;shake;shaking chills;shivering with chills退热fall;drop;go down;abate;remit发汗sweating;perspiration弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever连续热continuous fever危险期by crisis转轻期by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine;megrim;hemicrania;後头部痛occipital pain侧头部痛temporal pain前头部痛frontal pain头痛have(suffer)a headache;one's head aches;feel a pain in the head 耳痛earache;sore ears;toalgia咽喉痛sore throat;pharyngalgia眼痛have painful eyes;one's eyes hurt(smart)齿痛toothache胸痛chest pain心前部痛precordial pain心绞痛anginal pain胸股下後痛substernal(retrosternal)pain胸膜炎痛pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain;belly(stomach)ache上腹痛epigastric pain;pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛upper abdominal pain下腹部痛lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛flank pain背痛backache腰痛low backache;lumbago关节痛joint pain肌肉痛muscular pain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic;colicky pain胆石绞痛biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛renal colic痛cramps;crampy(cramping)pain;spasmodic博动痛throbbing(pounding,thumping,pulsating)pain转移性痛radiating pain;pain with radiation牵连痛referred pain电击痛lightning(fulgurant,shooting)pain带状痛girdle pain神经根性痛root pain空腹痛hunger pain夜间痛nocturnal pain自发痛spontaneous pain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed(steady)pain灼热痛burning pain刺状痛lancinating;piercing;stinging;darting;stabbing分裂状头痛splitting;racking撕裂状痛tearing;rending;钝痛dull;obtuse;剧烈痛sharp;excruciating;tormenting;torturing;racking;agonizingly severe不断阵痛gnawing;griping擦伤痛stinging;smarting;sore针刺痛pricking;pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath;respiration呼吸困难difficulty in breathing;dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath;shortness of breath;be short-winded;be out of breath;lose one's breath 深呼吸breathe deeply叹息sigh;draw a long breath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertional dyspnea;difficulty in breathing on exertion(physical activity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea;rapid breathing喘呜wheeze;wheezing打喷嚏sneezing;sneeze打嗝hiccup(hiccough);singultus咳嗽cough阵发性咳嗽have a fit of coughing;have a paroxysmal清喉clear the throat乾咳dry cough;hacking couth;nonproductive cough有痰咳productive cough;cough with sputum喀痰sputum;phlegm;expectorate喀血hemoptysis;bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid(tenaceous;thick)sputum浓喀痰frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰mucoid sputum脓性喀痰purulent sputum血性喀痰bloody sputum混血喀痰blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰greenish sputum锈色喀痰rusty sputum感冒common cold流形性感冒influenze;flu;grippe上呼吸道感染upper respiratory infection(U.R.I.)胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate;throb脉搏暂停pause in the pulse;skipped pulse(heart beat)速脉rapid pulse;tachycardia徐脉slow pulse;bradycardia高血压high blood pressure;hypertension;hypotension心脏麻痹heart attack;heart failure;cardiac standstill狭心症angina(=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvular disease of the heart;leaking heart valve(leaky heart)动脉硬化hardening of the arteries;arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振a poor(weak or bad)appetite;no little appetite;loss(lack or decrease)of appetite;anorexia 食欲增进increase(improvement)of appetite无食欲have no(little;a poor)appetite食欲旺盛have a strong(voracious)appetite丧失食欲lose one's apptite空腹an empty stomach咀嚼chewing;mastication吞咽swallow gulp吞咽困难difficulty in swallowing;dysphagia嗳气打噎belching;eructation打酸噎sour eructation心灼热heatburn;pyrosis;water brash逆流regugitation恶心nausea;retch;heaving;nauseous feeling;sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea(nauseous,nauseated,sick,queasy);retch;heave;feel like vomiting呕吐vomiting;emesis;vomit;throw up;bring up;spew呕吐物vomit;vomitus;vomited matter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion;dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention;bloating;flautulence;meteorism;gassiness腹鸣borborygmus;gurgling;growling;rumbling黄疸jaundice;icterus腹水ascites通便bowel movement;bowel habit;pass stools;move one's bowels;defecate;evacuate the bowels;下痢diarrhea;loose bowels;便秘constipation水状watery stool(feces)血状bloody stool柏油状tarry stool泥状mushy stool软状loose stool硬状hard stool呈固状formed stool呈半固状semiformed stool大便失禁fecal incontinence放屁pass gas;pass wind;pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination;micturition;pass(void)urine;urinate;micturate 尿意urge(desire)to urinate尿急urinary urgency频尿urinary frequency夜间频尿frequent urination during the night;nycturia多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination;dysuria闭尿urinary retention尿失禁urinary incontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting;enuresis混浊尿cloudy(turbid)urine血尿bloody urine;hematuria性欲sexual desire;libido性交sexual intercourse;coitus;coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄premature ejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnal pollution(emission);wet dream包茎phimosis;tightening of the foreskin(prepuce)割礼circumcision性病veneral disease(V.D.)月经menstruation;menses;periods;menstrual periods初潮menarche;onset of menses停经menopause更年期climacteric;changeof life痛经dysmenorrhea;painful menstruation无月经amenorrhea;missed periods月经过多menrrhagia;hypermenorrhea;excessive bleeding;excessive flow白带vaginal discharge阴道出血vaginal bleeding少量时yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia;uterine bleeding妊娠pregnancy;conception怀孕conceive;be pregnant不妊sterility;barrenness;infertility;inability to conceive流产abortion;miscarriage;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception;birth control避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth;delivery;give birth to;be delivered坐月子childbed;confinement;pueriperium;puerperal period孕吐morning sickness;nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint;dislocation;be dislocated be out of joint;be put out of joint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain(twist;wrench)关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout(gaut)关节痛arthralgia;joint pain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast;plaster of Paris义腿(肢)artificial limb肌肉痛muscle pain;myalgia;sore muscle扭筋strain;sprain肩坚硬stiffness in a shoulder;a stiff shoulder;a cramp in the calf;leg cramp 抽筋have a cramp;be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle;muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊clouding of consciousness丧失意识loss of consciousness;unconsciousness恢复意识recover consciousness昏厥fainting;syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence;sleepiness;drowiness;lethargy错乱confusion;distracted;distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion;cramp;spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂be paralyzed on one side;become hemiplegic肌无力muscular weakness步行困难difficulty in walking说话不清speak thickly蹒跚stagger;reel;falter;walk zigzag;walk with an unsteady gait;reel along肌肉萎缩atrophy of muscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉loss of sensation;numbness;anesthesia失去感觉become numb;loss sensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness;sensitive;touchy神经衰弱nervous breaksown意志消沉depressed;in low spirits情绪佳in good mood;cheerful;euphoric情绪不稳定unstable;labile capricious易受刺激excitable;easily excited;irritable不安的anxious;apprehensive;uneasy内向的人introvert外向的人extrovert健忘be forgetful;have a poor memory漠不关心indifferent;nonchalant;unconcerned自卑感inferiority complex歇斯底里病hysteria眼耳鼻咽喉视力丧失lose one's sight9eyesight);become blind失明loss of vision;blindness视力减退impairment of visual acuity;impaired vision;fogglness(dimness)of vision;poor(defective) vision;blurring近视near-sightedness;myopia myopy远视far-sightedness;hypermetrope;hyperope折射异常refractive error乱视astigmatism斜视strabismus;squint复视diplopia;double vision夜盲night-blindness;nyctalopia盲点scotoma;blind spot眼睛疲劳eyestrain流泪过多overflow of tears异物感foreign body sensation;a feeling of something;grittiness;sandiness 怕光photophoia;abnormal intolerance of light;inability to stand light结膜炎conjunctivitis砂眼trachoma听力减退impaired hearing;decreased hearing;loss of hearing重听be hard of hearing耳聋deaf耳鸣ringing of ears;tinnitus耳痛earache;otalgia耳垢cerumen;erawax;中耳炎otitis media;inflammation of the middle ear流鼻水snivel;run at the nose;have a running nose;鼻伤风sniffles;snuffles;head cold;coryza擤鼻涕blow the nose;鼻声a nasal voice鼻塞nasal obstruction;nasal stuffiness;nasal blockage;nasal congestion 鼻出血nosebleed;bleeding from the nose;nasal hemorrhage;epistaxis鼻炎rhinitis扁桃tonsil扁桃炎tonsillitis齿痛toothache蛀齿decayed tooth;dental caries;tooth caries;tooth cavity义齿an artificial tooth装假牙wear false teeth(a denture)无齿toothless;edentulous掉齿lose a tooth;come out拔齿pull out;extract a tooth齿龈gums;gingiva皮肤发疹eruption;rash;exanthema;exanthem湿疹eczema荨麻疹urticaria;hives胎记birth mark(红斑)青斑bruise黑斑mole水泡welt;wheal;wale头皮屑dandruff;scurf痂scab;curst;slough丘疹pimple;acne香港脚athlete's foot;ringworm of the feet痱子prickly heat;heat rash龟裂chaps;cracks糜烂sore;erosion;festering。
医学英语常用词汇
临床常用医学英语词汇一、内科常用字汇心血管系统The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门?I管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis ?偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal System Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I &D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I &O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics &Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机) Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches ?收?br /> Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项( identifying data or biographic data) admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort) feel unwell (ill, poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguor。
(完整版)心内科常用英语专业词汇
根据<内科学>整理的心血管系统专业术语心力衰竭：Congestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭心律失常Triggered activity 触发活动 Afterdepolarization 后除极a.窦房结Sinus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time SACT 窦房传导时间Bradycardia 心动过缓;Tachycardia 心动过速Sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速;Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓Sinus pause (sinus arrest) 窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞（Mobitz 莫氏, Wenckebach 文氏）Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征b.心房Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩;Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率;Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速Reentrant atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速Chaotic atrial tachycardia 紊乱性房性心动过速Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with AV block (PAT with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速;Multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速;Atrial flutter 心房扑动;Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动c.房室交界区性Premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界区性期前收缩AV junctional escape beats 房室交界区性逸搏AV junctional rhythm 房室交界区性心律Nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia 非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia(AVNRT)房室结内折返性心动过速Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia(AVNRT)房室返性心动过速Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) 预激综合征（WPW综合征）d.心室Premature ventricular beats 室性期前收缩Ventricular parasystole 室性并行心律;Ventricular tachycardia 室性心动过速Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律Torsades de pointes 尖端扭转;Ventricular flutter 心室扑动Ventricular fibrillation 心室颤动;Atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞Wenckebach block 文氏阻滞;Adame-Strokes syndrom 阿－斯综合征Intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞;Right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞Left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞Left anterior fascicular block 左前分支传导阻滞Left posterior fascicular block 左后分支传导阻滞Bifascicular block 双分支阻滞;Trifascicular block 三分支阻滞心脏骤停与猝死 Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 无脉性电活动高血压：Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压;Arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化先心病：Pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄;Isolated pulmonic stenosis 单纯肺动脉口狭窄Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery 单纯肺动脉扩张Primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压Persistent left superior vena cava 双侧上腔静脉（左上腔静脉残存）Isolated dextrocardia 孤立性右位心;Atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 部分性肺静脉畸形引流Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)动脉导管未闭Complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位Atrial septal defect (ASD) 房间隔缺损心脏瓣膜病：Multivalve heart disease 多瓣膜疾病;Mitral valve disease 二尖瓣疾病Pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病;Tricuspid valve disease 三尖瓣疾病Ebstein’s anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形Dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调或断裂Aortic valve disease 主动脉瓣疾病;Aortic arch syndrome 主动脉弓综合征Valvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病;rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病Rheumatic fever 风湿热;Rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄;Mitral incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全Acute mitral insufficiency 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chronic mitral insufficiency 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全Marfan’s syndrom 马凡氏综合征;Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄Aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全;Chronic aortic insufficiency 慢性主动脉瓣关闭不全Tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄;Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全Pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄;Pulmonary incompetence 肺动脉瓣关闭不全冠心病：Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病;Angina pectoris 心绞痛Stable angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛;Unstable angina pectoris 不稳定心绞痛Initial onset angina pectoris 初发型心绞痛;Accelerated angina pectoris 恶化型心绞痛Variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal’s variant angina pectoris)变异型心绞痛Angina decubitus 卧位心绞痛;Acute coronary insufficiency 急性冠状动脉功能不全Postinfarction angina pectoris 梗塞后心绞痛;Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) 急性冠脉综合征Myocardial infarction(MI) 心肌梗死;Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) 急性心肌梗死Dysfunction of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调;Rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌断裂Rupture of the heart 心脏破裂;Embolism 栓塞;Cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤Postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Latent coronary heart disease 无症状型冠心病（隐性冠心病）Ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病;Sudden death 猝死感染性心内膜炎：Infective endocarditis (IE) 感染性心内膜炎;Native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎Prothetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎Acute infective endocarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎心肌疾病：Specific cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病;Viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（HCM）肥厚性心肌病Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) 非对称性室间隔肥厚Restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM)限制性心肌病;Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）扩张型心肌病Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病;Peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病Drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病;Keshan disease (KD) 克山病Endemic cardiomyopathy (ECD) 地方性心肌病;Cardiomyopathies 心肌疾病Myocardial bridging 心肌桥;Myocarditis 心肌炎;Right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC)致心律失常型右室心肌病心包疾病：Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎;Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎血管疾病：Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎Raynaud syndrome 雷诺综合征;Pulness disease 无脉病Thromboangitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎;Thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层其它疾病：Postpericardiostomy syndrome 心肌损伤后综合征Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞;Syncope 晕厥;Syphlitic cardiovascular disease 梅毒性心血管病Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏血管神经官能症药物Vasodilator 血管扩张剂（phlebectasis 静脉扩张， arteriectasis 动脉扩张）Diuretic 利尿剂（thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂；loop diuretic 袢利尿剂；potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂）inotropic agent 正性肌力药（digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂；adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor（ACE inhibitors）（ACEI）血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Aldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂Beta adrenergic receptor blocker （beta blockers）ß肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂Calcium channel blocker（CCB）钙通道阻滞剂Angiotension Ⅱ antagonist(Angiotension Ⅱ receptor blocker) 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂Alpha blockers α1 受体阻滞剂Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油 Digoxin 地高辛 Lanatoside C 西地兰antiarrhythic drugs 抗心律失常药 Lidocaine 利多卡因 Propafenone 普罗帕酮Amiodarone 胺碘酮调脂药降脂药:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors HMG-CoA 还原酶抑制剂Nicotinic acid 烟酸 Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯抗血小板药物溶栓药:recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator ,rt-PA 重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂操作interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 心血管病介入性治疗Holter ECG monitoring 动态心电图 Ultrasound angioplasty 超声消融术Directional coronary atherectomy 定向旋切术High frequency rotational atherectomy 高频旋磨术Laser angioplasty 激光血管成形术 Catheter ablation 心导管消融Radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV)经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术Percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty(PBPV)经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术Percutaneous transluminal septial myocardial ablation,(PTSMA)经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术Percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术Transluminal Extraction catheter (TEC)经皮血管内切吸导管Biatrial pacing 双心房起搏 biventricular pacing 双心室起搏 bifocal pacing 双灶起搏Angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy 新鲜血栓吸引术 Upright tilt-table testing 直立倾斜试验Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)置入型心律转复除颤器Thumpversion 捶击复律 Cough-version 咳嗽复律 Cardioversion 心脏电复律Defibrillation 心脏电除颤 Revascularization 血管重建其它Hemolytic streptococcus 甲族乙型溶血性链球菌Antithymocyte globulin (ATG)抗胸腺细胞球蛋白Vagus nerve 迷走神经 Brainstem death 脑干死亡 Myocardial remodeling 心肌重塑Hemodynamics 血液动力学 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)心钠素Vasopressin 血管加压素,抗利尿激素 Bradykinin 缓激肽Triggered activity 触发活动 Afterdepolarization 后除极Late ventricular potential 心室晚电位Sinus node recovery time(SNRT) 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time(SACT) 窦房传导时间Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率 Accessory atrioventricular pathways 房室旁路Atriohisian tracts 房希氏束 Nodoventricular fibers 结-室纤维Fasciculoventricular fibers 分支室纤维 Insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗Vasodepressor response 血管减压反应 Pulsus tardus 细迟脉Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) 最小抑菌浓度Systolic anterior motion(SAM) （二尖瓣前叶）收缩期前向运动Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行。
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心力衰竭(heart failure)心功能不全或心功能障碍(cardiac dysfunction)Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭[si'stɔlik] Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰daiə'stɔlik] Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭急性心力衰竭(acute heart failure，AHF)Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure，CHF)Intractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭心律失常(cardiac arrhythmia)窦性心动过速(sinus tachycardia)窦性心动过缓(sinus bradycardia)窦性停搏或窦性静止(sinus pause or sinus arrest)窦房传导阻滞（sinoatrial block，SAB，窦房阻滞）病态窦房结综合征（sick sinus syndrome，SSS，简称病窦综合征）心动过缓一心动过速综合征(bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome)房性期前收缩(atrial premature beats)房性心动过速( atrial tachycardia)紊乱性房性心动过速(chaotic atrial tachycardia)=多源性房性心动过速(multifocal atrial tachycardia)自律性房性心动过速(automatic atrial tachycardia)折返性房性心动过速(reentrant atrial tachycardia)房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速(paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with A V block, PAT with block)心房扑动(atrial flutter)心房颤动(atrial fibrillation)房室交界区性期前收缩(premature atrioventicular junctional beats)房室交界区性逸搏(A V junctional escape beats)房室交界区性心律(A V junctional rhythm)非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速(nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia)阵发性室上性心动过速(paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia，PSVT)房室结内折返性心动过速(atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia，A VNRT)利用隐匿性房室旁路的房室折返性心动过速(atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia，A VRT)预激综合征(preexcitation syndrome)Wolf-Parkinson-White综合征（WPW综合征）室性期前收缩(premature ventricular beats)室性并行心律(ventricular parasystole) Systole n. 心脏收缩室性心动过速(ventricular tachycardia)加速性心室自主节律(accelerated idioventricular rhythm)亦称缓慢型室速尖端扭转(torsades de pointes)心室扑动与颤动(ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation)房室传导阻滞(atrioventricular block)室内传导阻滞( intraventricular block)右束支阻滞(right bundle branch block，RBBB)左束支阻滞(left bundle branch block，LBBB)左前分支阻滞(left anterior fascicular block)左后分支阻滞(left posterior fascicular block)双分支阻滞与三分支阻滞(bifaseicular block and trifascicular block)心脏骤停(cardiac arrest)心脏性猝死(sudden cardiac death)无脉性电活动(pulseless electrical activity，PEA)=电-机械分离(electromechanical dissociation，EMD)先天性心血管病(congenital cardiovascular diseases)房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect，ASD)室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect，VSD)动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus，PDA)先天性二叶主动脉瓣(congenital bicuspid aortic valve)先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄(congenital pulmonary valve stenosis)先天性三尖瓣下移畸形多称之为埃勃斯坦畸形( Ebstein anomaly) 先天性法洛四联症(congenital tetralogy of Fallot)艾森门格综合征(Eisenmenger syndrome)原发性高血压(primary hypertension)Secondary hypertension 继发性高血压Hypertensive crisis 高血压危象Hypertensive urgencyes 高血压急症Hypertensive emergencies 高血压危症Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压平均动脉血压(MBP Mean arterial blood pressure )收缩压(SBP Systolic blood pressure )舒张压(DBP Diastolic blood pressure )动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis)动脉粥样硬化-血栓形成(atherosclerosis-thrombosis)冠状动脉性心脏病(coronary heart disease)=缺血性心脏病(ischemic heart disease)冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(coronary atherosclerotic heart disease)急性冠脉综合征( acute coronary syndrome，ACS)不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina，UA)非ST段抬高性心肌梗死(non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction，NSTEMI)ST段抬高性心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction，STEMI)慢性冠脉病(chronic coronary artery disease，CAD=慢性缺血综合征chronic ischemic syndrome，CIS)稳定型心绞痛(stable angina pectoris)无症状性心肌缺血Cardiovascular neAsymptomatic myocardial ischemia缺血性心肌病Ischemic cardiomyopathy乳头肌功能失调或断裂(dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle)心脏破裂(rupture of the heart)栓塞(embolism)心室壁瘤(cardiac aneurysm)心肌梗死后综合征(postinfarction syndrome)经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI)二尖瓣狭窄(mitral stenosis)主动脉瓣狭窄(aortic stenosis)二尖瓣关闭不全(mitral incompetence)Acute mitral incompetence 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chronic mitral incompetence 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全主动脉瓣关闭不全(aortic incompetence)三尖瓣狭窄( tricuspid stenosis)三尖瓣关闭不全(tricuspid incompetence)肺动脉瓣关闭不全(pulmonary incompetence)肺动脉瓣狭窄(pulmonary stenosis)感染性心内膜炎(infective endocarditis，IE)endocarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎自体瓣膜心内膜炎(native valve endocarditis)Prothetic（[,prɔ'θetik]）valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎（修复的）Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy，DCM)肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy，HCM)致心律失常型右室心肌病(arrhythmogenic right ventricularcardiomyopathy，ARVC)旧称为致心律失常右室发育不良(arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia，ARVD)不定型的心肌病( unclassified cardiomyopathies，UCM)特异性心肌病(specific cardiomyopathies)心肌炎(myocarditis)Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎cardiac tamponade心脏压塞；心包填塞；[,tæmpə'neidpericardial tamponade心包压塞[,peri'kɑ:diəl,pericardial constriction心包缩窄Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层左室舒张末压LVEDP (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure)肺毛细血管楔压PCWP（pulmonary capillary wedge pressure）心脏指数CI(Cardiac index)主动脉内球囊反搏IABP（intra-aortic ballon pump）血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ，AⅡ)心脏重塑(Cardiac remodeling)心钠肽和脑钠肽(atrial natriuretic peptide，ANP and brain natriuretic peptide，BNP)重组人BNP(Recombinant human BNP rhBNP)奈西立肽(Nesiritide)精氨酸加压素(arginine vasopressin，A VP)心房牵张受体(atrialstretch receptors)内皮素(endothelin)阿米洛利(amiloride)卡托普利(captopril)贝那普利(benazepril)培哚普利(perindopril)坎地沙坦(candesatan)、氯沙坦(losartan)、缬沙坦(valsartan)卡维地洛(carvedilol)、比索洛尔(bisoprolol)、艾司洛尔[esmolol]地高辛(digoxin)、洋地黄毒苷(digitoxin)及毛花苷C (lanatoside C，西地兰)、毒毛花苷K(strophanthin K)肼苯达嗪(hydralazine)、硝酸异山梨酯(isosorbidedinitrate)心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy，CRT)触发活动( triggered activity)后除极(after depolarization)窦房结恢复时间(sinus node recovery time, SNRT)校正的窦房结恢复时间(corrected SNRT，CSNRT)窦房传导时间(sinoatrial conduction time，SACT)巨大a波(canon wave)动态心电图(Holter ECG monitoring)PA（反映心房内传导）、AH（反映房室结传导）、HV（反映希氏束-普肯耶系统传导）Adams-Stokes（阿斯）综合征莫氏(Mobitz)Ⅰ型即文氏(Wenckebach)阻滞固有心率(intrinsic heart rate，IHR)凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR)房室旁路( accessoryat riovcntricular pathways)或Kent束房-希氏束( atriohisian tracts)结室纤维(nodoventricular fibers)分支室纤维(fasciculoventricular fibers)心肺复苏( Cardiopulmonary resuscitation，CPR)急救医疗系统(emergency medical system, EMS)基础生命活动支持(basic life support，BLS)ABC (airway，breathing，circulation)埋藏式心脏复律除颤器(implantable cardioverter defibrillator，ICD)Cardiogenic shock 心源性休克Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞Syncope 晕厥['siŋkəp, 'sin-]尿激酶( urokinase，UK)链激酶(streptokinase，SK)或重组链激酶(rSK)重组组织型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂(recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator，rt-PA) 1A.aspirin抗血小板聚集（或氯吡格雷，噻氯匹定）anti-anginal therapy抗心绞痛治疗，硝酸酯类制剂B.beta-blocker预防心律失常，减轻心脏负荷等blood pressure control控制好血压C.cholesterol lowing控制血脂水平cigarettes quiting戒烟D.diet control控制饮食diabetes treatment治疗糖尿病cation普及有关冠心病的教育，包括患者及其家属exercise鼓励有计划的、适当的运动锻炼硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside)硝酸甘油(nitroglycerin)地尔硫〓(diltiazem)睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS Sleep apnea hypopnea syndromes)胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance，简称IR)动态血压监测(ABPM Dynamic blood pressure monitoring )颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT Carotid intima-media thickness)小动脉硬化(arteriolosclerosis)动脉中层硬化(M〓nckeherg arteriosclerosis)。