英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案和精讲 第38篇-肥胖
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英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案和精讲 第38篇:肥胖
Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps
rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese(肥胖的); by 1999,
that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have
age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19%
of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping
in other western countries too, as physical activity has
declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the
rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).
Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in
their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according
to research presented at the annual meeting of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case
of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most
striking example actually in the poor world comes from the
Pacific islands, home of the world's most obese communities.
In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100%
of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.
This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast.
As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people
第 2 页 共 5 页 frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur
within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia
found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat.
This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to
do with people of different ages being given different amounts
of food to eat.
The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many
affected countries there are cultural factorsto contend with,
such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food
as a form. of hospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of
disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem Could
existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of
governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise
while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a
recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might
not be possible to turn the clock back.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies
that ______.
A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature
in their bathroom
第 3 页 共 5 页 B.more people are overweighed in the United States
C.people are doing more physical exercises with the help
of scales
D.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more
activities
2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.
A.other western countries has been defeated by fat
B.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich world
C.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countries
D.western countries can no longer fight against obesity
3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific
Islands?
A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are
well-fed now.
B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.
C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than
the food shortage.
D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.
4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from
the passage that____
A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacity
B.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleak
第 4 页 共 5 页 C.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solved
D.we should take immediate actions before it becomes
incurable
5.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.
B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.
C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor
world.
D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.
1.[B] 推理判断题。根据第1段第2句可推断第1句中的the number是指体重增加的人数，故答案为B。
2.[B] 推理判断题。本题需要正确理解借代修饰手法。Waistbands have been popping形象刻画出其他西方社会急剧肥胖化的过程，故答案为B。本题很明显是考查因果关系的，第1段倒数第2句明确指出这个因果关系，只要根据该句做出选择就可以了。如果看得过远,反而有可能误选A或D。
3.[A] 事实细节题。此处的例子是证明前一句话的，即But后面的内容。同时，两个年份的比较也突出问题发展的迅猛，从而印证下一段的主题句“This increase in weight has been uneven as well
as fast.”说明了贫穷与肥胖是并存的。例子一般是用来证明紧挨着的前面或后面的论述，此处证明的观点在之前，其中的重点应该是But后面的内容，所以选项A与文中意思不符。注意本题要选的是NOT
第 5 页 共 5 页 the point of the example。
4.[D] 观点态度题。文章最后一句扭转了整段的基调。作者呼吁解决这一问题，前文正是为此作铺垫，突出问题的复杂性和时间的紧迫性。
5.[A] 主旨大意题。本文话题为obesity，作者从美国谈到所有西方国家，最后重点讨论其在发展中国家的最新发展趋势以及种种可能的成因，并强调应当尽早解决问题，故选项A正确。肥胖问题的阵营没有转移，只是扩大了，故选项D不对。选项B只是片面信息，没有包括最后一段关于如何解决肥胖问题的内容。选项C中的starvation并非本文讨论的主要话题。
英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案和精讲 第26篇-何为幸福
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英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案和精讲 第26篇:何为幸福
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled,
pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances
of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal
to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact,
the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to
happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are
the source of true happiness. They fear the paininevitably
brought by such things as marriage, raising children,
professional achievement, religious commitment(承担的义务),
self improvement.
Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though
he finds dating to be less and less satisfying.If he is honest
he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For
commitment is in fact quitepainful. The single life is filled
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Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage
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Ban sugary drinks that will add fuel to the obesity war
[A] On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so
fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and
looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity(肥胖的)leads
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PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would
best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be
used ONCE ONLY.
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Several years into a campaign to get kids to eat better and exercise more, child obesity
(肥胖)rates have appeared to stabilize, and might be poised for a reversal. But a study
published Monday in the journal PNAS suggests that among adolescents, the hopeful
signs are limited to those from better-educated, more 【C1】______ families. Among
teens from poorer, less well-educated families, obesity has continued to rise. That
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第一篇
Climate change has claimed its latest victim：Limacina
helicina，a planktonic，predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a
member of the taxonomic group
more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies．(The name
is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(叶瓣)the tiny creatures
use to get around．)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal
Proceedings of the Royal Society B，a group of scientists from
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA)and Oregon State
University have fo und that the Pacific Ocean’s dec reasing
pH—its acidifying(酸化)，in other words-is dissolving
L．helicina’s thin shells．
The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13
sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern
California，going over each with a scanning electron