英语四级15选10(包子版)
大学英语四级15选10练习及详解
选词填空练习及讲解1.Health food is a general term applied to all kinds of foods that are considered more healthful than the types of foods widely sold in supermarkets.For example,whole grains,fried beans,and corn oil are health foods.A narrower (1) of health food is natural food.This term is used to (2) between types of the same food.Raw honey is a natural sweetener,(3) refined suger is not.Fresh fruit is a natural food,but canned fruit,with sugars and other additives,is not.The most (4) term of all and the narrowest classification within health foods is organic food,used to (5) food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm.Fruit and vegetables that are grown in gardens,that are (6) only with organic fertilizers,that are not sprayed with (7) insecticides,and that are not refined after harvest,are organic foods.Meat,fish,dairy and poultry products from animals that are (8) only organically grown feed and that are not injected with hormones(荷尔蒙) are organic foods.In choosing the type of food you eat,then,you have basically two choices: inorganic,processed foods,or organic,unprocess foods.A wise decision should (9) investigation of the allegations(宣称) that processed foods contain (10),some of which are proven to be towic,and that vitamin content is greatly reduced in processed foods.A.describe E.chemicals I.classification M.samplesB.whereas F.precise J.when N.poisonousC.Vital G.shape K.fed O.dealtD.treated H.include L.distinguish2.EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃.The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51. 沪江四六级EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will 55, but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be. 沪江四六级[F] phenomenon[B] strength[E] tropical[L] bringing[K] starvation[J] destructive[N] worth[A] estimate[O] strike[I] completely[C] deliberately[D] notify[G] stable 沪江四六级[H] attraction[M] exhaustion 沪江四六47【解析】选[F]。
大学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案（包含大学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案）
⼤学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案（包含⼤学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案）⼤学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案(包含⼤学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案)Unit one11. L 12. M 13. A 14. C 15. G 16. F17. E 18. N 19. H 20. IUnit Two11. K 12. L 13. J 14. F 15. E 16. C17. A 18. N 19. D 20. HUnit Three11. E 12. I 13. F 14. K 15. G 16. D17. L 18. J 19. N 20. CUnit Four11. I 12. A 13. G 14. J 15. M 16. E17. L 18. K 19. B 20. HUnit Five11. M 12. D 13. B 14. J ' 15. K 16. E17. H 18. G 19. L 20. AUnit Six11. H 12. E 13. C 14. F 15. J 16. G 17. A 18. M 19. D 20. IUnit Seven11. A 12. F 13. O 14. G 15. K 16. C 17. N 18. E 19. D 20. MUnit Eight11. F 12. G 13. D 14. N 15. O 16. C 17. L 18. I 19. M 20. EUnit Nine11. C 12. I 13. L 14. K 15. H 16. E 17. M 18. J 19. N 20. AUnit Ten11. C 12. L 13. O 14. D 15. F 16. G 17. N 18. A 19. J 20. KUnit Eleven11. I 12. J 13. G 14. M 15. K 16. C 17. F 18. H 19. D 20. BUnit Twelve11. B 12. H 13. F 14. G 15. N 16. M 17. L 18. C 19. J 20. EUnit Thirteen11. M 12. N 13. E 14. O 15. F 16. B 17. L 18. A 19. I 20. GUnit Fourteen11. A 12. E 13. G 14. C 15. F 16. D 17. N 18. O 19. M 20. HUnit Fifteen11. O 12. D 13. M 14. L 15. I 16. E 17. K 18. A 19. B 20. JUnit Sixteen11. F 12. O 13. E 14. C 15. K 16. A 17. H 18. N 19. B 20. DUnit Seventeen11. C 12. E 13. I 14. L 15. H 16. D 17. G 18. A 19. O 20. FUnit Eighteen11. L 12. E 13. J 14. M 15. I 16. N 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. FUnit Nineteen11. H 12. D 13. O 14. E 15. B 16. N 17. M 18. L 19. G 20. AUnit Twenty11. E 12. F 13. J 14. C 15. I 16. M 17. G 18. A 19. L 20. D Unit Twenty-One 11. F 12. C 13. G 14. M 15. B 16. H 17. N 18. L 19. O 20. AUnit Twenty-Two11. N 12. A 13. M 14. G 15. O 16. J 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. LUnit Twenty-Three11. I 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. O 16. K 17. N 18. F 19. A 20. EUnit Twenty-Four11. O 12. F 13. H 14. E 15. I 16. A 17. N 18. J 19. D 20. CUnit Twenty-Five11. B 12. L 13. I 14. C 15. J 16. E 17. O 18. H 19. A 20. NUnit Twenty-Six11. D 12. F 13. I 14. G 15. A 16. C 17. L 18. M 19. JUnit Twenty-Seven11. C 12. G 13. D 14. H 15. I 16. N 17. M 18. J 19. F 20. AUnit Twenty-Eight11. B 12. J 13. A 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. M 18. E 19. D 20. KUnit Twenty-Nine11. C 12. H 13. D 14. E 15. M 16. A 17. N 18. F 19. G 20. LUnit Thirty11. E 12. D 13. N 14. J 15. B 16. F 17. L 18. M 19. O 20. AUnit Thirty-One11. I 12. B 13. J 14. C 15. G 16. H 17. E 18. K 19. M 20. AUnit Thirty-Two11. A 12. E 13. G 14. M 15. L 16. F 17. C 18. H 19. N 20. DUnit Thirty-Three11. A 12. F 13. B 14. D 15. L 16. E 17. O 18. K 19. G 20. MUnit Thirty-Four11. D 12. F 13. C 14. N 15. A 16. B 17. G 18. E 19. O 20. M Unit Thirty-Five11. D 12. F 13. H 14. K 15. M 16. J 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. N Unit Thirty-Six11. D 12. E 13. I 14. C 15. K 16. H 17. O 18. J 19. F 20. B Unit Thirty-Seven11. I 12. B 13. E 14. A 15. M 16. G 17. L 18. D 19. J 20. C Unit Thirty-Eight11. H 12. I 13. B 14. D 15. J 16. K 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. L Unit Thirty-Nine11. B 12. C 13. E 14. J 15. G 16. F 17. K 18. O 19. D 20. H Unit Forty11. B 12. K 13. I 14. L 15. J 16. F 17. G 18. M 19. E 20. H Unit Forty-One11. B 12. F 13. E 14. H 15. A 16. M 17. N 18. J 19. G 20. O Unit Forty-Two11. D 12. A 13. B 14. E 15. K 16. N 17. M 18. C 19. J 20. L Unit Forty-Three11. O 12. I 13. B 14. H 15. G 16. C 17. L 18. J 19. N 20. A Unit Forty-Four11. D 12. F 13. L 14. J 15. G 16. I 17. H 18. C 19. M 20. B Unit Forty-Five11. D 12. E 13. K 14. H 15. F 16. L 17. O 18. I 19. J 20. C Unit Forty-Six11. D 12. H 13. M 14. F 15. I 16. K 17. N 18. A 19. J 20. C Unit Forty-Seven11. L 12. D 13. C 14. F 15. I 16. E 17. J 18. K 19. B 20. N Unit Forty-Eight11. B 12. L 13. F 14. G 15. K 16. E 17. M 18. O 19. I 20. C Unit Forty-Nine11. F 12. L 13. I 14. B 15. C 16. K 17. E 18. H 19. D 20. J Unit Fifty11. F 12. E 13. A 14. K 15. O 16. J 17. I 18. H 19. L 20. B 快速阅读练习答案skimming and scanning passage 11-7 BCACDCB8.overall white woman9.the beauty industry's standards10.the beauty desirabilityPassage2 DBADCAC10. 8. 【解析】feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey 9. 【解析】collagen fibers 10. 【解析】some fantast ic involuntary changesPassage3 BDDDBBA 8. personal life9. tired 10. listen carefully Skimming and Scanning Passage 4 1-7 BDDDCBD8. the challenges of married life 9. a formal suit 10. marriage promise Skimming and Scanning Passage 5 1-7 ABCDDCD8. gain the weight back 9. high-risk situations 10. a simple activity, such as reading or brushing teeth. Skimming and Scanning Passage 6 1 - 7. BCADCBD 8. pave the way9. irreplaceable10. more likelySkimming and Scanning Passage 7 1 - 7. DCBDAAB 8. dispersed in the atmosphere9. debris10. troubleSkimming and Scanning Passage 8 1 - 7. CABACDC8. two9. very upset10. eased Skimming and Scanning Passage 9 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. C 6.B 7. D8. the challenges of married life 9. a formal suit 10. marriage promise Skimming and Scanning Passage 10 1 - 7 ACBCDDC8. suggestion therapy 9. they are fascinated by it 10. accept it/ accept the methodSkimming and Scanning Passage 11 1 - 7. BDABCCD 8. a network of vessels9. an invading organism10. against future attacksSkimming and Scanning Passage 12 1-7 CDBDDDC8. National Committee9. Team manager 10. five yearsPassage13 CBCBCAC 8. 10.【解析】the losing of calcium【解析】do not mix well 9.【解析】electricity for manufacturing Skimming and Scanning Passage 141. A2.D3.B4.C5.A6.B7.C8. quite homogeneous 9.relationships with consumers 10.the appropriate mediaSkimming and Scanning Passage 151.C2.B3.D4.A5.D6.B7.C8. changes in the visa process 9. take their knowledge and skills back home10. strengthen the nation完形填空1 ACABD CBACD CADDD DBDCB2 CABBA CDCDC DDBBA DCBAC3 AAADC BADCD CBBCA DCCBD4 DACBA CDBAC BADCB ACBDD5 BCACB DDCAD AACAB BDDBC6 BAADC DBAAB ACDBC ADDAC7 BDBCD DBABD AABAD CBACC8 BDCDC BADAA BDBCD BDDCC9 BDCAC BDCCB ADBCD BCBDB 10 CABAA BBDCC DABAC ABCBB 11 CCADA AADBA BBCAA ADADB 12 ABCAA BDCBA BCBCD CABCA 13 CBABB CDBDA CBCDB BACBD 14 BCAAD BADBA ACDBC CDACB 15 B ACloze Test 17. BCCAC DDCAD BADBD BACAACloze Test 18. DCBAB DCDDA CBCDA BDCDBCloze Test 19. BABDC ACCBD DABAB CDADBCloze Test 20. ACDAB DBCAD BADDB AABCCCloze Test 21. BCCBD CADAB CDABC ADBCACloze Test 22. AADAC BCDCA ACDBA ADCBCCloze Test 23. ADDAB CDAAD BACBB BBCBACloze Test 24. BDADA CACBD BACDB BCACBCloze Test 2571. A) ago 72. C) idea 73. B) come 74. A) indoor 75. D) revealed 76. B) down 77. C) safe 78. A) reduced 79. D) destroy 80. B) however 81. C) completely 82. A) or 83.B) fact 84.D) developed 85.A) starts 86.D) inevitably 87. C) instead 88.C) adopting 89.B) beneficial 90. A) EntireCloze Test 2671-80 AADAB CDCBD81-90 CAADB CBDACCloze Test 2761. C)way62. A)save63. B)to64. C)simple65. D)think66. B)best67. B)whose68. C)in69. B)takes70. D)model71. B)make72. A)adopt73. D)keep74. B)possession75. A)run 76. A)appliance77. B)purpose78. C)item79. A)what80. D)fromCloze Test 2861.A about 62. B waving 63.B after 64.D not 65.A historical66.C identify 67.C fought 68.D idea 69.B signed 70.A place71. A Even 72.B just 73. D directly 74. A competitiveness 75.D as76. D good 77.C on 78. C teaching 79. A done 80.C andCloze Test 2971. A 72. B 73. B 74. A 75. D76. C 77. B 78. D 79. A 80. D81. B 82. C 83. A 84. D 85. A86. C 87. B 88. D 89. A 90. CCloze Test 3071. B 72. D 73. D 74. C 75. C 76. D 77. B 78. A 79. C 80. C81. B 82. B 83. D 84.A 85. C 86. A 87. D 88. B 89. D 90. C BC CDADB CCDBD BACCB 16 BBCAA CDBAB ABCDB AACDB。
英语四级(15选10,含解析方法!)
例：El Nino is the name given to the myster ious and often unpredictable change in the clima te of the world. This strange __47__ happens e very five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific O cean and is thought to be caused by a failure i n the trade winds, which affects the ocean curre nts driven by these winds. As the trade winds le ssen in __48__ , the ocean temperatures rise, c ausing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5°CThe warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot , humid air over the ocean cau ses severe __49__ thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America __50__ floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts or the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and __51__.El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. T he 1982-83 El Nino brought the most __52__ w eather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billon pounds __53__ of dam age. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists __54__ this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.Nowadays, weather expert are able to forec ast when an El Nino will __55__, buy they’re sti ll not __56__ sure what leads to it or what affe cts how strong it will be.备选：A) estimate I) completelyB) strength J) destructiveC) deliberately K) starvationD) notify L) bringingE) tropical M) exhaustionF) phenomenon N) worthG) stable O) strikeH) attraction第一步：先将选项按词性划分：名词有B) strength F) phenomenon H) attract ion K) starvation M) exhaustion N) worth;动词有A) estimate D) notify L) bringing O) s trike;副词有C) deliberately I) completely;形容词有E) tropical G) stable J) destructive英语四级阅读理解中15选10解题步骤：鉴于以上分析，笔者给出题型步骤如下：一．标注词性，预先分组把题目中给出的15个备选答案词汇进行词性分组。
大学英语四级考试15选10专项训练
大学英语四级考试15选10专项训练Unit OneDirections: In this passage there are ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Looking back on years of living in a working-class home in the North of England, I should say that a good living room must 11 three principal things: homeliness, warmth and plenty of good food. The living-room is the warm heart of the family and 12 often slightly stuffy to a middle-class visitor. It is not a social centre but a family center; little entertaining goes on there or in the front room, if there 13 to be one; you do not entertain in anything approaching the middle-class 14 The wife's social life outside her 15 family is found over the washing-line, at the little shop on the corner, visiting relatives at a moderate 16 occasionally, and perhaps now and again a visit with her husband to his pub or club. Apart from these two places, he has just his work and his football matches. They will have, each of them, friends at all these places, who may well not know what the inside of their house is like, having never "stepped across the threshold," as the old 17 phrase has it. The family hearth is 18 for the family itself, and those who are "something to us"(another favorite formula) and who look in for a talk or just to sit. Much of the free time of a man and his wife will 19 be passed at that hearth. Just staying in is still one of the most commonleisure-time 20A. happensB. professionsC. senseD. neverthelessE. fashionedF. distanceG. immediateH. usuallyI. occupations J. preserved K. imitate L. provideM. therefore N reserved 0. contributeUnit TwoPassage 2Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's 11 one of the scientists wrote in his book, "Look here for 12 metal. " Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region, sent a 13 to other scientists on the ground, "Gold possible. " Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals. " From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, "Uranium. "None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no 14 powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were 15 putting to use one of the newest methods of 16 minerals in the ground—using trees and plants as 17 that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees andplants are growing.This newest method of searching for minerals is 18 on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may 19 the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxes were filled with small branches from the trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was 20 marked. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested. Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.A. signs Bsufficiently C. locating D. affect.E. merelyF. magicG. hintsH. carefullyI. finding J. message K. flight L. probablebased O. informationM. revealing N.Unit Three. America's most famous woman is the Goddess of Liberty, i. e. the Statue of Liberty. It was first thought of in 1865 by Edouard de Laboulaye and designed by another Frenchman, Frederic Bartoldi. They wanted to 11 liberty and friendship.It was hoped that the monument would be completed by 1876 when America 12 its centennial. Fund raising and the 13 of the statue in France went slowly. It was 1885 when the 214 crates containing the statue reached New York.Americans were initially 14 for they had not raised the money to pay for the erection of the base. Fund raising by popular subscription was behind 15 . One fund raising method used was to have popular Americans write letters which were then sold in public. The base and statue, 16 272 feet tall, were completed in 1886. From a 17 standpoint, the statue is a marvel. The inner structure was designed by the French engineer, Alexandre Eiffel. His design for the stressed copper skin of the statue anticipated many of the 18 utilized in modern aircraft.After a century, the monument began to show signs of getting worse in 19 . Just as Frenchmen had created the Statue, so it was with restoration.A Frenchman noted the decay and French and American craftsmen and contributions brought about the renewal of the Statue in time for its centennial.Liberty is still 20 in France and the United States.A. completelyB. measuresC. popularD. togetherE. honorF. manufactureG. scheduleH. rewardI. celebrated J. principles K. embarrassed L. technicalM. voluntary N conditions O. discouragedUnit FourSophy Brent came to visit me nearly every day. She made me feel uneasy most of the time. She smoked 11 and never used an ashtray. She followed me into the kitchen while I made tea or coffee or supper and 12 herself to the children's orange juice. She made a great hit with my two-year-old daughter Flora, who would 13 about her for hours and refer to her lovingly as "sofa", and she was always talking about my husband and asking me where he was.I could not decide why she chose my 14 , although I realized that nobody else paid her very much attention. Her situation was very difficult in that she was 15 out of drama school and only nineteen, but being 16 to play a leading part in a company of fairly 17 and experienced actors. They would not have liked her much even if she had been good, and as, from all accounts, she was not good so they took every 18 to run her down. I think she thought that I was the only person around who was both unconnected with the theatre and tolerably 19 . To associate with me was not, at any rate, to step down the scale. And for my part, although I felt troubled by her I did not dislike her. There was something genuinely outstanding in her personality, and she had such physical 20 that with me she could get away with anything. She was nice to have around, like flowers or a bowl of fruit.A. helpedB. smart B. constantly D. treatedE. requiredF. supremeG. hangH. charmof 20A. worseB. peculiarC. laidD. lightE. generallyF. orderG. particularH. conventionsI. carelessness J．difference K. built L. fashionsM. searching N. ordinarily O. resultUnit SevenMost of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but 11 .If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on.A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.People may be the most interesting show in a large city. 12 through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; youwill13 see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a14 sport if the stores are closed.Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often 15 the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good16 . The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or crafts 17 in a department store.Plan ahead for some activities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often18 aside one or two free 19 days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable 20 that people travel miles to see. If you feel like taking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.A. expensiveB. WonderC.debateD. admissionE. setF. WanderG.safeH. additionI. valuable J. dispute K.welcome L. confidentlyM. sights N. demonstration O.certainlyUnit EightWhen a person feels low, blue, or down in the clumps, it usually means he has been hurt, disappointed, or saddened by something that causes a confused and listless feeling. There is 11 a type of music called "the blue", a low, mournful, sad sound to 12these universalDepression is another name for this mood. Feeling depressed is a normal and natural 13 to experiences of loss, failure, and undeserved bad luck. Indeed, it has been pointed out that without depression, we would 14 much of the world's great tragic literature, music, and art.In some cases, however, depression becomes something more than just 15feelings ofillness. " Depressive illness is more 16and lasts longer than common listless feelings. Sometimes a serious 17 of depression can begin with the loss of a loved one or a change of job. Many times, in very 18 cases, there doesn't seem to be any circumstance serious enough to have caused the depression.Some psychiatrists suggest that the key feature in depression is change. The person becomes different from the way before the onset of his depression. He may even become the opposite of his usual self. There are many examples: the businessman who becomes a wanderer, the mother who wants to 19her children and herself. Instead of seeking satisfaction and pleasure, the depressed person 20 it.faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.A. ensureB. violentlyC. alterD. harmfulE. cultivatedF. uniqueG. transplantedH. yieldI. consequenceJ. outputK. extra L. steadily M. tiny N. unfavorable O. produceUnit TenIn the United States, it is not 11 to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11: 00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he 12 it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call 13 its importance.In 14 life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. , guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the 15 to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in 16 because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings 17 between people from cultures that treat time differently.Promptness is valued 18 in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business 19 waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is 20 to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.A. highlyB. engagementC. customaryD. socialE. informF. invitationG. advanceH. absenceI. heavily J. associate K. expected L. assumesM. habitual N. arise O. communicatesUnit ElevenPersonality is, to a large extent, inherent—A-type parents, usually bring about A-typechildren. But the environment must also have a 11 effect, wince if competition is important to the parents it is likely to become a major 12 in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools 13 the " win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current 14 for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being 15 keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying; "cheers, we conquer!"By far the worst form of competition in schools is the extreme 16 on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to 17 on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat 18 , but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither 19 nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to 20 a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.A. enoughB. fitC. emphasisD. practicalE. innumerableF. concentrateG. adoptH. questionableI. profound J. factor K. too L. substanceM. passion N. emotion O. fixUNIT 12As the 11 of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 12 to be. A certain amount of stress is 13 to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 14 and ill health.The amount of stress a person can 15 depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are 16 prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of 17 difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so 18 , but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued 19 to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot 20 stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could) , we need to find ways to deal with it.A. cancelB. paceC. extremeD. automaticallyE. removeF. vitalG. performanceH. supposedI. rate J. exposure K. achievement L. unusualM obviously N withstand O harshUnit ThirteenWhat is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who 11 life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You 12 to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other 13 , that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colors do 14 our moods—there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is 15 .A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the 16 of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell 17 ; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and 18 colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an 19 fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer 20 when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.A. brightB. sceneC. whollyD. favorE. factsF. depressingG. accidentsH. interfereI. established J. incidents K. disgusting L. sharplyM. enjoys N. tend O. influenceUnit FourteenWomen are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women 11 professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not 12 women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1587 update, Milburn 13 and praised the progress that was made and called for even more 14 One of the positive results from her study was a system-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean, Patricia Witherspoon, said it is important that woman be 15 when it comes to relocating if they want to 16 in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly 17 on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater 18 of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequalities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University. " Spirduso said. "If they do that they will be 19 in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are 20 wasting valuable study time. "D.riseA. fullB. recalledC. improvement.E. encouragingF. flexibleG. recognized Hidly.I. ratio J. persuading K. movable L. possiblyM. successful N. climate O. percentageUnit FifteenIn October 1987, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards began its work to set new standards of accomplishment for the teaching profession and to improve the 11 of education available to all children in the United States.Teachers are 12 to students and their learning. They must act on the belief that all students can learn. They must recognize 13 differences in their students and adjust their practice 14 . They must know that their mission extends beyond developing the cognitive capacity of their students. They must be 15 with their students' self-concept, with their motivation, and with the development of character.Teachers must know the subjects they teach and how to teach them. They must 16 specialized knowledge of how to convey a subject to students. Teachers are responsible for managing and monitoring student learning. They must call on 17 methods to meet their goals, knowing and being able to 18 a variety of instructional skills. Teachers must think systematically about their practice and learn from experience, seeking the 19 of others and drawing on education research and scholarship to improve their practice.As members of learning communities, teachers contribute to school effectiveness by collaborating with other professionals. They take _ 20 of community resources, cultivating knowledge of their school's community as a powerful resource for learning.A. employB. adviceC. quantityD. committedE. commandF. consultedG. manualH. approximatelyI. concerned J. advantage K. multiple L. accordinglyM. individual N. embrace O. qualityUnit SixteenIf you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you need up-to-the-minute data or have specialized needs, you may find a computerized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subject or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a computer's memory. The speed of the computer then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14 The three main types of databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage and price indexes, census information, foreign16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store references to and summaries of articles in periodicals and newspapers. Full-text databases offer the complex texts of such 17 as newspaper, magazine, and journal articles.Thousands of databases exist today, and their numbers are growing. Many companies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through computer terminals or microcomputers. In addition, several hundred commercial databases are now available to the19 , with literally millions of items of information readily obtainable. These databases20 specific fields, such as law and financial forecasting, or general information, such as sports and weather data.A. exchangeB. publicC. instantlyD. coverE. enablesF. consumingG. remainedH. materialsI. hide J. intensively K. vast L. communicationsM. exhausting N. accessible O. maintainedUnit SeventeenNo one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but 11 suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people inIndia 12 is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people: as we get older, many of us will become less 13, hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many 14 disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many 15 barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends, imagine how you would 16 if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers; 17 can be even harder to break down and ignorance 18 represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to 19 attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which 20A. inevitablyB. evaluationsC. estimatesD. manageE. aloneF. countsG. prejudiceH. physicalI. mobile J. indifferently K. withdraw L. progressiveM. regular N. accounts O. drawUnit EighteenSocial customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now 11 . Just a few years ago, it was 12 impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a 13 of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it 14 ? What about table manners? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should you leave one in your lap, or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also 15 a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. 16 is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock, the dinner guest either arrives 17 to that time or calls up to explain his 18 The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable—19 if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the 20 calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way.A. especiallyB. attainableC. closeD. delayE. consideredF. hostG. deliveryH. PreparationI. share J. fool K. specifically L. acceptableM. matter N. Promptness O careUnit NineteenThe economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despite 11 alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a 12 of boom. An economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950's, may be typical as 13 the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was 14 at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufactures was about 40 percent more than it had 15 in the years immediately following World War I . The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income 16 for spending was almost a third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the 17 . Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture 18 that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was a sad reflection of the mid-1920's. As farmers' share of their products 19 , marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last long and would 20 lead to the opposite—depression.A. eventuallyB. averagedC. graduallyD. stateE. valuedF. formG. declinedH. occasionalI. casual J. argued K. descended L. complainedM. clock N. available O. illustratingUnit TwentyGrowth of trade will depend greatly on availability of energy sources. There may still be a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the oil crisis of 1974 has11 to renewed interest in coal and to a search for 12 sources of energy. Solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy will play a large role in the years to come.Solar energy is available in 13 forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as 14 , sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electric power can be 15 from the sun-warmed surface waters of the ocean, and lastly, solar radiation can be converted into heat that will drive electric power generators. Serious problems still remain as to 16 and storage of solar energy.Geothermal energy is the energy contained within the earth. Heat is abundantly available deep in the earth's core and is constantly being produced. However, this heat is usually located at too deep a level for 17 exploitation. In short, very little is known on the use of geothermal energy, and it has 18 been exploited.Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium are split, thus 19 masses of energy. Another source of energyunder development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually 20 natural gas as a source of energy.A. rarelyB. transformationC. fuelD. replaceE. ledF. alternativeG. commercialH. brieflyI. derived J. various K. relieving L. releasingM. transportation N. financial O. describedUNIT 21Like most parents, geologist Brain Atwater worries about his daughter's safety. But these days, he has an unusual concern; The public school she 11 in Seattle has unreinforced brick walls, a 12 being easy to collapse during earthquakes. The same13 of walls crushed hundreds of thousands of people during the 1976 Tangshan quake in China.A decade ago, Atwater would have paid little notice to schoolroom walls. But over the。
全新版大学英语4课后练习clozeB(十五选十)及翻译题
我的进攻已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。
师长命令我们营绕到敌人后方，在夜间发动突然袭击。
为此我们要穿过沼泽地，和我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。
我们营长决定赌一把。
幸运的是，由于严寒天气使沼泽结冰，我们到达我们的目的地在黎明前，从敌人后方发起进攻。
这就扭转了战局。
敌人，猝不及防，很快就投降了。
The offensive had lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do this we have to cross a marshland, and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckily enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze over, we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This had turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.好的开始，成功的一半，俗话说。
对于一个求职者在求职时，做作业是非常重要的。
从我的角度来看，是否已经做完他的作业明显地使他成功的机会有差异。
四级专题-选词填空(15选10)
选词填空【题型概述】选词填空是仔细阅读理解的第一部分，共10题，分值占总分的5%。
考题要求考生从15个备选单词中选择恰当的单词填入一篇留有10个空格的短文（长约230词）中，使整篇文章完整、通畅且符合逻辑。
该题型侧重考察考生综合语言运用能力，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，把握文章整体逻辑，同时进行相应的语法分析和词汇认知。
【解题步骤】第一步：通览全文，明确主旨。
迅速地浏览全文，通过主题句确定文章主题；第二步：通览选项，确定词性。
根据词性将15个备选单词分类，以备选择；第三步：语法先行，语意定项。
对题目所在句进行语法分析，判定需要的词性，缩小选择范围；再根据所在句上下文的内在逻辑，判定最贴切的意思，确定答案。
该步骤是解题的关键；第四步：通读全文，复查答案。
完成所有题目后，如果时间允许，可考虑通读全文，从语法的正确性、行文的通顺两方面对答案进行复查。
【考点剖析】1.语法结构分析选词填空作为篇章词汇理解题目，要求考生具备扎实的语法基础，可以准确分析句子的语法结构，根据缺失部分在句中的语法功能，判断需要何种词性的单词。
2.词汇意义辨析、常用搭配选词填空题重点考查词汇的掌握，要求考生把握单词的准确含义、常用搭配，具备近义词，近形词的辨析能力，能根据上下文的句际逻辑关系，选择意义最恰当的词汇，保证篇章的连贯性。
3.句际、篇章逻辑关系判断常见的句际逻辑关系包括：并列、转折、因果、递进、让步、举例说明等。
准确分析判断句际、篇章逻辑关系可以帮助考生在缩小的词性范围内确定意义最准确的词汇。
【例】2009年6月CET-4 第47、48题Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47) ________ it. They find the writing process 48) ________ and difficult.47题：语法分析，缩小范围：该句是“unless”引导的一个条件状语从句，空白处需要一个动词担当谓语。
大学英语四级考试15选10
Unit EightPassage 2When a person feels low, blue, or down in the clumps, it usually means he has been hurt, disappointed, or saddened by something that causes a confused and listless feeling. There is 11 a type of music called "the blue", a low, mournful, sad sound to 12 these universal human feelings.Depression is another name for this mood. Feeling depressed is a normal and natural 13 to experiences of loss, failure, and undeserved bad luck. Indeed, it has been pointed out that without depression, we would 14 much of the world's great tragic literature, music, and art.In some cases, however, depression becomes something more than just 15 feelings of blues or letdown. A large number of people suffer from what psychiatrists call "depressive illness. " Depressive illness is more 16 and lasts longer than common listless feelings. Sometimes a serious 17 of depression can begin with the loss of a loved one or a change of job. Many times, in very18 cases, there doesn't seem to be any circumstance serious enough to have caused the depression.Some psychiatrists suggest that the key feature in depression is change. The person becomes different from the way before the onset of his depression. He may even become the opposite of his usual self. There are many examples: the businessman who becomes a wanderer, the mother who wants to 19 her children and herself. Instead of seeking satisfaction and pleasure, the depressed person 20 it.A growing world population and the discoveries of science may 11 this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in 12 the population of the world is 13 increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to 15 larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively 16 that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too 17 to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the 18 of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistryprovides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.A. ensureB. violentlyC. alterD. harmfulE. cultivatedF. uniqueG. transplantedH. yieldI. consequenceJ. outputK. extraL. steadilyM. tinyN. unfavorableO. produceUnit TenPassage 2In the United States, it is not 11 to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11: 00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he 12 it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call 13 its importance.In 14 life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. , guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the 15 to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in 16 because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings 17 between people from cultures that treat time differently.Promptness is valued 18 in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business 19 waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is 20 to make a shortapology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.A. highlyB. engagementC. customaryD. socialE. informF. invitationG. advanceH. absenceI. heavily J. associate K. expected L. assumesM. habitual N. arise O. communicatesUnit ElevenPassage 2Personality is, to a large extent, inherent—A-type parents, usually bring about A-type children. But the environment must also have a 11 effect, wince if competition is important to the parents it is likely to become a major 12 in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools 13 the " win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current 14 for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being 15 keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying; "cheers, we conquer!"By far the worst form of competition in schools is the extreme 16 on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to 17 on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat 18 , but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither 19 nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. The world needs types, andschools have an important duty to try to 20 a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.A. enoughB. fitC. emphasisD. practicalE. innumerableF. concentrateG. adoptH. questionableI. profound J. factor K. too L. substanceM. passion N. emotion O. fixUNIT 12Passage 2As the 11 of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 12 to be. A certain amount of stress is 13 to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 14 and ill health.The amount of stress a person can 15 depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are 16 prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of 17 difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so 18 , but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued 19 to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot 20 stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could) , we need to find ways to deal with it.A. cancelB. paceC. extremeD. automaticallyE. removeF. vitalG. performanceH. supposedI. rate J. exposure K. achievement L. unusualM obviously N withstand O harshUnit ThirteenPassage 2What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who 11 life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You 12 to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other 13 , that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colors do 14 our moods—there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is 15 .A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the 16 of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell 17 ; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and 18 colors make people not only happier but more active. It isan 19 fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer 20 when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.A. brightB. sceneC. whollyD. favorE. factsF. depressingG. accidentsH. interfereI. established J. incidents K. disgusting L. sharplyM. enjoys N. tend O. influenceUnit FourteenPassage 2Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women 11 professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not 12 women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1587 update, Milburn 13 and praised the progress that was made and called for even more 14One of the positive results from her study was a system-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs. College of Communication Associate Dean, Patricia Witherspoon, said it is important that woman be 15 when it comes to relocating if they want to 16 in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly 17 on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater 18 of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequalities will exist. "Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University. " Spirduso said. "If they do that they will be 19 in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are 20 wasting valuable study time. "A. fullB. recalledC. improvementD. riseE. encouragingF. flexibleG. recognizedH. idlyI. ratio J. persuading K. movable L. possiblyM. successful N. climate O. percentageUnit FifteenPassage 2In October 1987, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards began its work to set new standardsof accomplishment for the teaching profession and to improve the 11 of education available to all children in the United States.Teachers are 12 to students and their learning. They must act on the belief that all students can learn. They must recognize 13 differences in their students and adjust their practice 14 . They must know that their mission extends beyond developing the cognitive capacity of their students. They must be 15 with their students' self-concept, with their motivation, and with the development of character.Teachers must know the subjects they teach and how to teach them. They must 16 specialized knowledge of how to convey a subject to students. Teachers are responsible for managing and monitoring student learning. They must call on 17 methods to meet their goals, knowing and being able to 18 a variety of instructional skills. Teachers must think systematically about their practice and learn from experience, seeking the 19 of others and drawing on education research and scholarship to improve their practice.As members of learning communities, teachers contribute to school effectiveness by collaborating with other professionals. They take ___20 ofcommunity resources, cultivating knowledge of their school's community as a powerful resource for learning.A. employB. adviceC. quantityD. committedE. commandF. consultedG. manualH. approximatelyI. concerned J. advantage K. multiple L. accordinglyM. individual N. embrace O. qualityUnit SixteenPassage 2If you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you need up-to-the-minute data or have specialized needs, you may find a computerized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subject or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a computer's memory. The speed of the computer then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14The three main types of databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store 15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage and price indexes, census information, foreign 16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store references to and summaries of articles in periodicals and newspapers. Full-text databases offer the complex texts of such 17 as newspaper, magazine, and journal articles.Thousands of databases exist today, and their numbers are growing. Many companies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through computer terminals or microcomputers. In addition, several hundred commercial databases are now available to the 19 , with literally millions of items of information readily obtainable. These databases 20 specific fields, such as law and financial forecasting, or general information, such as sports and weather data.A. exchangeB. publicC. instantlyD. coverE. enablesF. consumingG. remainedH. materialsI. hide J. intensively K. vast L. communicationsM. exhausting N. accessible 0. maintainedUnit SeventeenPassage 2No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but 11 suggest the figure is over 450 million.The number of disabled people inIndia 12 is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people: as we get older, many of us will become less 13 , hard of hearing or have failing eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many 14 disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many 15 barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends, imagine how you would 16 if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers; 17 can be even harder to break down and ignorance 18 represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to 19 attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which 20A. inevitablyB. evaluationsC. estimatesD. manageE. aloneF. countsG. prejudiceH. physicalI. mobile J. indifferently K. withdraw L. progressiveM. regular N. accounts O. drawUnit EighteenPassage 2Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now11 . Just a few years ago, it was 12 impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a 13 of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room. Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it 14 ? What about table manners? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should you leave one in your lap, or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also 15 a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. 16 is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock, the dinner guest either arrives 17 to that time or calls up to explain his 18The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable— 19 if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the20 calmly picked up his knifeand began eating in the same way.A. especiallyB. attainableC. closeD. delayE. consideredF. hostG. deliveryH. PreparationI. share J. fool K. specifically L. acceptableM. matter N. Promptness 0. careUnit NineteenPassage 2The economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despite 11 alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a 12 of boom. An economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950's, may be typical as 13 the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was 14 at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufactures was about 40 percent more than it had 15 in the years immediately following World War I . The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income 16 for spending was almost a third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the 17 . Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture 18 that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was a sad reflection of the mid-1920's. As farmers' share of their products 19 , marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last long and would20 lead to the opposite—depression.A. eventuallyB. averagedC. graduallyD. stateE. valuedF. formG. declinedH. occasionalI. casual J. argued K. descended L. complainedM. clock N. available O. illustratingUnit TwentyPassage 2Growth of trade will depend greatly on availability of energy sources. There may still be a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the oil crisis of 1974 has 11 to renewed interest in coal and to a search for12 sources of energy. Solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy will play a large role in the years to come.Solar energy is available in 13 forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as 14 , sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electric power can be 15 from the sun-warmed surface waters of the ocean, and lastly, solar radiation can be converted into heat that will drive electric power generators. Serious problems still remain as to 16 and storage of solar energy.Geothermal energy is the energy contained within the earth. Heat is abundantly available deep in the earth's core and is constantly being produced. However, this heat is usually located at too deep a level for 17 exploitation. In short, very little is known on the use of geothermal energy, and it has 18 been exploited.Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium are split, thus 19masses of energy. Another source of energyunder development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually 20 natural gas as a source of energy.A. rarelyB. transformationC. fuelD. replaceE. ledF. alternativeG. commercialH. brieflyI. derived J. various K. relieving L. releasingM. transportation N. financial O. describedUNIT 21Like most parents, geologist Brain Atwater worries about his daughter's safety. But these days, he has an unusual concern; The public school she 11 in Seattle has unreinforced brick walls, a 12 being easy to collapse during earthquakes. The same 13 of walls crushed hundreds of thousands of people during the 1976 Tangshan quake in China.A decade ago, Atwater would have paid little notice to schoolroom walls. But over the last several years, he and other scientists have found 14 signs that the Pacific Northwest has experienced giant quakes in the distant past and that the area may be headed for a destructive shock in the near future.At a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in December, researchers discussed the 15 uncovered evidence of quake potential in the Pacific Northwest. While some remain unconvinced that huge earthquakes—with magnitudes of 8 or higher—do indeed 16 this region, a growing number consider such shocks a serious possibility.What's worrisome, they say, is that northwestern cities such as Portland, Seattle and Vancouver have not prepared for earthquakes of this magnitude, which could shake the region's 17 centers with enough force to make the recent San Francisco area damage seem 18 in comparison."I think it's quite true to say that nothing has really been designed with one of these earthquakes in mind," says seismologist Paul Somerville of Woodward. At the meeting, Somerville and his colleagues 19 estimates of the degree of shaking. Portland and Seattle would suffer during such a 20 earthquake.A. massiveB. recentlyC. constructionD. displayedE. relativelyF. attendsG. typeH. strikeI. structure J. participates K. excessive L. mildM. disturbing N. population 0. presentedUnit Twenty-TwoPassage 2During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, migrations have taken place within 11 countries; the cities with their industries have attracted people away from the country. The possibility of earning a fixed 12 in a factory or office was more attractive than the possibility of staying on the farm and having one's work 13 by frost, storms, or droughts. Furthermore, thedevelopment of agricultural machinery made it possible for fewer people to do the same 14 of work.Thus, at the same time when the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more 15 and more quickly in factories, agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crop that would 16 the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil• 150 •rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was 17 from the same land two centuries ago.In many countries farmers find it more 18 to raise only one crop or one kind of animal. They choose the kind that gives the best results. Then they sell all that they produce, instead of trying to grow a little of everything and consume what they grow. This is a more feasible type of 19 because modern methods and machinery are adapted to specific animals and specific crops. Therefore, it would be too expensive to do all the work by hand, or to buy the 20 needed for several different kinds of farming.A. salary E. deserted I. equivalent M. destroyedB. freely F. operation J. enrich N. certainC. profitable G.amount K. fruitful O. cheaplyD. obtained H. payment L. equipmentUnit Twenty-ThreePassage 2The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and fill it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends to diffuse throughout the 11 available; it must therefore be kept in a closed container or held by a gravitational field, as in the 12 of a planet's atmosphere. The distinction was a 13 feature of early theories describing the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved" in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory 14 that the two phases are made up of different kinds of molecules. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in 15 They are both forms of matter that have no 16 structure, and they both flow readily.The fundamental similarity of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are 17 somewhat. Suppose a closed container 18 filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands, or in other words becomes less dense; some of it evaporates. In contrast, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes denser as the evaporated molecules are 19 to it. The combination of temperature and pressure at which the densities become 20is called the critical point.A. addedB. caseC. prominentD. heldE. equalF. partiallyG. exampleH. previous' I. space J, lifted K. permanent L. particularlyM. extended N. raised 0. commonUnit Twenty-FourPassage 2Scientists at Sussex University appear to be on the way to 11 how the mosquito, carrier of diseases such as malaria and yellow fever, homes in on its target. The problem is that they have found that the best way to avoid being bitten is: stop breathing, stop sweating, and keep down the temperature of your immediate surroundings. 12 the first suggestion is impossible and the others very difficult.Scientists have found that there are three 13 stages in a mosquito's assault. Stage one is at fifty feet away, when the insect first smells a man or a animal to 14 . Stage two is thought to come into operation about twenty-five feet from the target, when the insect becomes guided by the carbon dioxide breathed out by the intended victim. Stage three is when the mosquito is only a matter of inches from its 15 the warmth and moisture given off by the victim is the final clue.The researchers then * 16 how repellents interfere with its three-stage attack. They found repellents act more subtly than by just giving off a nasty smell. A Canadian researcher says that repellents appear to 17 mosquitoes first when it is following the carbon dioxide and second during the final approach, where the warmth and moisture are the insect's 18 . Air pervaded by one of the many chemical repellents stops the mosquito reacting to the victim's carbon dioxide, and the repellent seems to affect the tiny hairs with which the insect senses moisture in the air. The sensors are blocked so that the 19 does not know whether it is flying through a moist current, orthe sensors are made to send the 20 signals.。
大学英语四级深度阅读之15选10
四级常用后缀Leabharlann
7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示“行为的过程， 结果，状况” action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 9)-ism, 表示“制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为” socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 10)-ity, 表示“性质，状态，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity 11)-ment, 表示“行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果” treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 12)-ness, 表示“性质，状态，程度” goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 13)-ship, 表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业” hardship, membership, friendship
2 细读首句，抓住中心
首先要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主 题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第 一句不设空格，以便让读者知道本文的相关 主题词或主题。
3 瞻前顾后，谨慎选择
根据文章前后的语法关系判断应填入的词 性，大大缩小选择范围。当一个空可以填入 好几个相同词性的词时，则根据上下文逻辑 意义；如果均能说得通时，要注意近义辨析。 或留到最后，等范围缩小到最小时再轻松收 尾。即传统阅读所说的，首遍不行无所谓， 文章看完再收尾。
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13年5月21日日星期二二
2012年12月真题
52题缺什么词？
52空只能是一一个 单词，所以不是 ing就是ed形式的 分词咯，选项中没 有ing形式的，那 么2个ed里里面面选1 个。 这就叫词性大大于词 意！！！！！！！
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题 --- 做完1个删掉1个！！！！
47.缺名词 B 解决 D 角角色色、作用用 E 进步，进展 H 增⻓长，提高高 L 竞赛 N 竞争，挑战 里里面面选； 句首首出现this是代 词，代词出现看前 句，前面面在将的是 grow,increase的 概念， 所以47选H
13年5月21日日星期二二
练习时间
2012年12月第1套和第3套
13年5月21日日星期二二
A.conclusive B.contributes C.derive D.expresses E.fixed F.immensely G.increase H.maintain I.mission J.participate K.particular L.provides M.regions N.surprisingly O.switched
13年5月21日日星期二二
2012年12月真题
第一一步：看主旨 记住：对于没有办法每个单词都看得懂的同学来说，有些形容词和动词理解词的方方向性（好坏？升降？） 就可以了。
第一一句话：红色色下划 线的是必须看懂的， 看不懂的给我好好背 单词！！！！（蓝色色 下划线的是帮助大大家 理解文文章结构的） 世界人人口口增⻓长， 大大家开始处理这种增 ⻓长的影响（从食食物到 水水再到工工作） 也就是说人人口口增⻓长导 致资源匮乏。 记得吗？我们说过社 会现象通常是不好 的，那么肯定要出现 建议啊解决方方式啊。
13年5月21日日星期二二
前面的知识忘记没？
“四级快速阅读填空题的最重要 原则：词性 > 词义 ！”
------- 某包说
填空题重点： 1. 原词照抄，5-6词之内解决问 题； 2. 判断空格词性很重要！ 3. 空格前后的语法形态很重要！ 4. 找到答案后不要自作多情改 写！ 5. 写完答案后记得要检查！
13年5月21日日星期二二
2012年12月真题
50题为什么是副词？ 空格部分是名词：1.冠词/介词+_____; 2.形容词+_____; 3._____+动词； 4.动词+____; 5.____+形容词 --- 名词小小心心单复数 空格部分是形容词：1.冠词+___+名词； 2.___+名词+___; 3.___+副词+___; 空格部分是动词：1.（名词）+___+（名词）； 2.___+副词； 3.to+___ --- 动词小小心心时态 空格部分是副词：1.___+动词+___; 2.___+形容词 空格部分是现在分词：1.be+____(句子子是进行行时态）； 2.___+名词（现在分词充当 形容词）； 3.when/if/although等状语从句连接词+____ 作为整个从句部分的时候 空格部分是过去分词：1.has/have/had+___(句子子是完成时态）； 2.be+___(句子子是 被动态）； 3. ___+名词（过去分词充当形容词）； 3.when/if/although等状语从句 连接词+____ 作为整个从句部分的时候
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题
55.缺动词。靠前 后的搭配 资源只大大概___市 场的1% 选K 组成构成
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题
56.of ,介词之后缺 名词，从剩下的名 词里里面面选择，空格 后面面有破折号，破 折号出现表示示解释 说明。根据后文文有 传统的，和替代的 方方式，知道方方法是 多样的， 看不懂的同学想想 篇章结构，最后可 能要讲解决方方式或 建议！！ 故选B
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题
49.major 后面面， 缺名词，从剩余的 里里面面选，根据前后 文文， 这句话的主语在第 2段首首句 的“Finding the resources”, 就算你看不懂 resources(看不 懂的，到我这边领 一一丈白白绫自自己己去后 院解决去），找东 ⻄西而而且很难找应该 算是挑战吧！而而且 这边要的名词是个 复数哦！ 选N
按照意思分： 此处根据自自己己的词汇量来看！！！！
13年5月21日日星期二二
2012年12月真题
第三步：预测空格词性 47.名词 48.形容词 49.名词 50.副词 -- 后面面详 细说明 51.名词 -- 被play 的 52.动词 -- 分词形 式的 53.形容词 54.动词 55.动词 56.名词 此部分涉及语法知 识，大大家可以私下 再问我哦~
四级快速阅读解题技巧 --- 15选10
Ivan
13年5月21日日星期二二
前面的知识忘记没？
“四级快速阅读是对大家智商的 侮辱！”
------- 某包说
单选题重点：
1. 快 （1）15分钟做10题，动起来！ （2）1目2行，亮瞎你的眼！ 2. 准 定位词： （1）数字大写缩写特殊符号特殊字体 + 名词 （主语宾语）+动词（谓语） （2）定位词题干找 （3）定位词找2-3个（1名1动） （4）定位句优先考虑定位词出现的句子 + 句不 过三原则 3. 舍 撑死1分钟来定位，找不到就靠MENG。
13年5月21日日星期二二
French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症). Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s. As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday— participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路里里), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56, with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its calories from sugar.
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题
52. 前面面分析了， 这边只能选ed结 尾的词，G的意思 对不上，那就选 M。
13年5月21日日星期二二
具体解题
53.investments 前面面缺一一个形容 词，形容词就剩下 2个了。可以形容 投资的，加上后面面 出现那么多钱，所 以选F。 不要说什么单词你 看不懂，看不懂至至 少是考察人人品的时 候，50%蒙对的几几 率！！！
13年5月21日日星期二二
15选10怎么做？
1. 最好控制在7分钟！ 2. 考察主要目的是检查考生 在上下文中猜测词义的能力 以及单词词性识别能力。 3. 主要考察：名词，动词， 形容词，副词；3名3动3形 1副
13年5月21日日星期二二
常考词性后缀：
名词
tion/sion/ness/ment/er/or/ist/ism/lity/age/ ance/ty/ology/ship/ure ble/al/ary/ory/ful/ic/ical/ish/ous/some/y/ ive/less/ed/ing/ent