2011年山东专升本英语_核心词汇
2011专升本英语词汇辅导
动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯 搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上 选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及 不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点： 1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规 律。 (I)动词+副词(不及物) Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. (2)动词+副词(及物) Please turn every light in the house off.
2. bring bring about 引起；造成 bring down 使倒下；使下降；使受挫折 bring forward 提出；提前（=put forward） bring into operation实施；使生效 bring out 显示出来；出版；生产 bring up 提出；教育；培养；吐出 bring back 把---送回；使想起；恢复 bring in 引进；挣得
情态动词 Modal Verbs
本身有一动的意义，但不能独立作 谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓 语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 如:can must may
You can keep them for two weeks. May I smoke here? We must go new. 返回
5. cut cut across cut back cut down cut in cut off cut out cut short
绕劲道穿过；超越；遮住 削减；终止；急忙返回 削减；减少 插嘴；打断；突然出来 切断；中断；隔绝 删掉；戒掉 中断；打断；缩短
1.Let‘s cut _____ the unimportant details． out 2.The rope is two feet longer than we needed， off so we cut _____ the extra length． off 3.The telephone operator cut us _____ before we had finished our conversation． In 4.The telephone operator cut _____ and said that I had already spoken 3minutes．
山东专升本英语核心词汇
专升本—英语核心词汇（大全1）1. able/ability/enable/unable/disable/disabled/disabilityable的同根词用法一致,后接不定式。
比较：be able to do sth. / be capable of (doing) sth.2. 动词词缀：en-+ adj./n.或adj./n.+/-enenable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/sharpen/strengthen/heighten/lengthen 3. abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，放纵abandon oneself to 纵情于，沉溺于(=be addicted to)4. aboard adv. 在船（车）上，上船abroad adv. 在国外，到国外board n. 木板on board 在船上broad adj. 宽的，宽阔的5. absent adj. 不在的, 缺席的（反：present）6. absolute adj. 完全的, 绝对的7. absorb vt. 吸收, 吸引be absorbed in 全神贯注于8. abundant adj. 丰富的，大量的（=plentiful）9. access n. 通路, 接近，入门have access to 接近，有权使用e.g. Citizens may have free access to the public library.10. accident n. 意外事件, 事故by accident 偶然（=by chance）（on purpose 故意）11. accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同12. accomplish vt. 完成, 达到, 实现~ the taskaccomplishment n. 成就13. account n. 计算, 帐目, 说明，解释on account of 由于take... into account 考虑到(= take… into consideration)account for 解释，说明14. accuse vt. 指责，控告accuse sb. of sh. 因某事控告某人(同：charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人）e.g. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.His mother charged him with being lazy.15. achieve vt. 完成, 达到achievement n. 成就, 功绩16. action n. 动作, 行动, 举动take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事（同：take measures to do sth.）17. actor n. 男演员→ actress n. 女演员类似：waitress（女侍者，女服务生）, hostess（女主人）, princess（公主，王妃）18. adapt vt. 使适应, 改编adapt oneself to sth. 适应(= adjust oneself to sth.)e.g. He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.比较：adopt vt. 采用, 收养19. advance n. 前进, 提升v. 前进, 提前in advance 预先，提前20. advantage n. 优势, 有利条件（反：disadvantage n. 不利条件, 缺点）have an advantage over 胜过，占优势take advantage of 利用21. advertise v. 为…做广告advertisement/ad n. 广告22. advise vt. 劝告, 忠告advise sb. to do sth. 劝说（强调动作）persuade sb. to do sth. 说服（强调结果）注意：advise的宾语从句或It is advised that结构的主语从句，需使用should型虚拟语气。
专升本考试英语核心词汇积累.doc
专升本考试英语核心词汇积累because [bi'k z] conj.因为;because of 因为，由于; 基于;become [bi'k m]v. (became, become)变成,成为,开始变得before [bi'f :] prep. (指时间)在...以前;(指位置)在...前面;(指顺序、重要性等)在...之前,先于conj.在...以前ad.较早;以前,以往;behind prep.在...的背后,(遗留)在...后面,落后于ad.在背后,向后,落在后面;below prep. 在……下面;beneath prep. 在……下方(面)beside prep. 在……旁边;靠近besides prep. 除……以外(还有)ad. 还有,此外between prep. 在(两者)之间;在…中间v.是,就是;表示,意味着;等于,值;成为,变成aux.v. [与动词的现在分词连用,构成各种进beyond prep. (表示位置) 在……的那边; 迟于;超出ad.在更远处begin [bi'gin] v.开始;beginner n. 新手;beginning n. 开始,开端;at the beginning 起初;behalf [bi'hɑ:f] n.利益behave v.举止端正, 表现,守规矩,行为; (机器等)运转Behave yourself! 规矩点！behaviour (=behavior) n.行为,举止;(机器等)运转情况belief [bi'li:f] n.相信;信念;信仰;信条;believe v.相信,笃信;认为,猜想; believe in 信赖; 信仰;bell [bel] n.钟,铃belt n.腰带,皮带;safety belt 安全带belong [bi'l ] v. (在分类上)属,应归入; (to)(在所有权,关系等方面)属于bench [bent ] n.长凳,长椅bend v.使弯曲n.弯曲,弯曲处benefit n.益处,好处v.有益于,得益best a.的ad.,最;better a.较好的,更好的ad.更好地; do one’s best 尽某人的努力all the best 一路平安，一帆风顺bestseller n. 畅销书Bible ['baibl] n.《圣经》bicycle ['baisikl] n.自行车;big a. 大的重要的,重大的;bike = bicycle n. 自行车bill [bil]n.账单;单子,清单;纸币,钞票; billion num. [美、法]十亿bind [baind] v.捆,绑,捆扎biology [bai' l d i] n.生物学bird [b :d] n.鸟,禽birth n.出生,分娩;出身;起源,根源; birthday n.生日;birthplace n. 出生地;故乡bit n.一点,一些,一片; a bit (of) black [bl k]a.黑色的;黑暗的n.黑色;黑人; blackboard n. 黑板black smith 铁匠。
山东省专升本英语高频词汇及词组2
山东专升本高频词汇及词组（D、E、F、G、H、I 、J、K、L、M、N、151. daily adj. 每日的, 日常的 n. 日报152. danger n. 危险, 危险物 in ~ 处于危险中 dangerous adj.153. data n. 资料, 数据 datum（单数）类似：media n. 媒体 medium（单数）154. deadline n. 最终期限155. deaf adj. 聋的 turn a ~ ear to sb./sth. 对…充耳不闻156. deceive v. 欺骗, 行骗 ~ sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事（=cheat sb. into doing sth.）157. decide v. 决定 ~to do sth. 决定做某事decision n. 决定, 决心 make a ~ to do sth. 决定做某事decisive adj. 决定性的 (=crucial) play a ~ role in sth. 在…中起到重要作用158. decrease v. 减少 increase vt. 增加, 加大159. degree: to some/a certain degree（extent）在某种程度上160. deliberately adv. 故意地（= on purpose）161. delicious adj. 美味的，可口的品牌“得利斯”为音译162. delight n. 快乐, 高兴 take a ~ in 以…为乐 be ~ed to do 高兴去做163. deliver vt. 递送, 投递，发表(演说)~ sth. to sb. 将某物交给某人 ~ a message 传话，带信 ~ a speech 发表演说164. demand n. 要求, 需求in ~ 非常需要，受欢迎的 meet the demand of sb. 满足某人的需要165. depend vi. 依靠, 依赖（count on/depend on/rely on 依靠, 指望） dependent adj. 依靠的, 依赖的be ~ on sth. dependence n. 依靠, 依赖 independent adj. 独立自主的 independence n. 独立, 自主166. derive vt. 得自,获得 ~ sth. from... e.g. ~ a conclusion from facts vi. 起源 ~ from... e.g. Many English words ~ from Latin. 比较：deprive vt. 剥夺, 使丧失 ~ sb. of sth.167. describe vt. 描写, 记述, 形容 description n. 描写, 记述 beyond ~ 难以形容168. deserve vt. 应受, 值得后接动名词的主动形式，表达被动意义。
山东省专升本英语真题2011年
山东省专升本英语真题2011年山东省专升本英语真题2011年试卷一第一部分：听力理解Part Ⅰ Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.Short ConversationQuestions 1 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1、A. Because it doesn't work. B. Because it has harmful effects.C. Because it's really effective.D. Because it only works sometimes.2、 A. impolite B. selfish C. unfriendly D. helpful3、 A. a bad cold B. the woman's son C. the weather D. fatigue4、 A. policeman and thief B. policeman and driverC. teacher and studentD. director and actress5、 A. in a restaurant B. in a bankC. in a storeD. in a post office6、 A. The man can correct his mistake later.B. The man didn't answer the four questions correctly.C. The man was late for the test.D. The man can't change his answer now.7、 A. The students will attend a meeting this afternoon.B. The students will have an oral test this afternoon.C. There won't be a test this afternoon.D. The meeting was postponed.8、 A. Two boys and three girls. B. Two boys and a girl.C. Four boys and a girl.D. Two boys and two girls.Long Conversation 1Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9、 A. They met ten years ago.B. They went to the same school.C. They were neighbors.D. They were in the same volleyball team.10、 A. In Paris. B. In London.C. In New York.D. In an Italian town.11、 A. English. B. French. C. Spanish. D. Italian.Long Conversation 2Questions 12 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12、 A. Thursday the thirteenth.B. Friday the thirteenth.C. Friday the fourteenth.D. Saturday the fourteenth.13、 A. There was a heavy traffic.B. There was something wrong with her car.C. She forgot the appointment.D. She was stopped by a policeman.14、 A. She forgot that she had invited her boss and his wife over.B. Her boss and his wife came to her house unexpectedly.C. She forgot to cook dinner for her children.D. The children covered the dog with feathers.Section BPassage oneQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15、 A. They are not well educated.B. They failed to work hard at school.C. Their society is too complicated.D. Their education is not adequate for their new life.16、 A. To find a worker and follow him closely.B. To find a person you admire and make friends with him.C. To find a person you respect and watch carefully how he acts.D. To make friends with a model you admire.17、 A. Learn from a Model.B. Learn, learn and learn again.C. Learn forever.D. One is never too late to learn.Passage TwoQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18、 A. Many of his friends were there.B. All the students there were boys.C. He did well in math and science.D. He wanted to play with computers.19、A. They can know how to type.B. They can have a chance to study computers.C. They can change their lives there.D. They can connect the telephone to the computer.20、 A. He developed BASIC in 1968.B. He only studied computers at school.C. He became a computer expert in Lakeside.D. He began to write short programs at about age 14.第二部分：词汇和语法结构Part Ⅱ vocabulary and structure21、 The coat has a ______ inside to show the time and where it was made.A. labelB. markC. signD. tag22、 I'm very sorry to have ______ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A. interferedB. botheredC. impressedD. offended23、 When she retired, she did a lot of ______ work for the Red Cross.A. socialB. portableC. prominentD. voluntary24、 The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be a great disappointment.A. turned inB. turned outC. turned upD. turned down25、Martin Luther King was ______ the Nobel Prize for advocating the nonviolence policies in the movement for citizen rights.A. gainedB. gotC. awardedD. owned26、 This is the first draft of the book. Please feel perfectly free to ______ on it.A. conformB. complainC. confirmD. comment27、 A positive answer makes you feel good, but an ______ one teaches you a lot.A. affirmativeB. negativeC. objectiveD. subjective28、 The noise ______ until she couldn't stand it any longer .A. set upB. rang upC. built upD. called up29、 The dog waiting behind the gate looked ______ that I did not dare to go in.A. mildB. fierceC. wildD. harmful30、 Jane is scolded by her boss because she left the office with the computer ______ yesterday.A. onB. outC. unlockedD. unclosed31、 Don't joke with Linda, she takes everything far too ______.A. carefullyB. gravelyC. criticallyD. seriously32、 Mr Morgan can be very sad ______ though in public he is extremely cheerful.A. by himselfB. in personC. in privateD. as himself33、 She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power ______.A. failureB. lackC. absenceD. drop34、 Some people are ______ to policies and what is going onin other places.A. keenB. curiousC. enthusiasticD. indifferent35、We are quite sure that we can ______ our present difficulties and finish the task on schedule.A. get acrossB. get overC. get awayD. get off36、 The reason ______ he rejected our plan is that he had no faith in us.A. whichB. thatC. whyD. because37、If you stick to ______ the piano everyday, you will become quite a good musician.A. practiceB. practicingC. have practicedD. be practicing38、 No one ______ the building without the permission of the police.A. is leavingB. will be leavingC. has leftD. is to leave39、 ______ you realize your trouble with English learning, youcan take some effective steps.A. Now thatB. From now onC. Ever sinceD. By now40、 It was not until he arrived in class ______ realized he bad forgotten his book.A. when heB. that heC. and heD. he41、 Professor Lee's book will show you ______ can be used in other context.A. that you have observedB. how that you have observedC. that how you have observedD. how what you have observed42、 But for the favorable weather, we ______ in such a good harvest.A. can't getB. couldn't getC. couldn't have gotD. could have got43、So little ______ with each other that the neighbors couldn't settle their difference.A. agree did theyB. did they agreeC. they agreeD. they did agree44、 The alarm o'clock didn't ring this morning, so you ______it last night.A. need to have forgotten to windB. may have forgotten windingC. ought to have forgotten to windD. must have forgotten to wind45、 A series of measures ______, people in that area managed to survive the severe famine.A. having takenB. were takenC. having been takenD. have been taken46、 It wasn't such a good dinner ______ she had promised us.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what47、Evidence came up ______ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whose48、 ______ that the pilot couldn't fly through it .A. The storm so severe wasB. So the storm was severeC. So severe was the stormD. Such was the storm severe49、 His knowledge of language and international business ______ him in his work.A. helpB. helpsC. was helpfulD. have helped50、 I don't think lunch is a good time to get together, ______.A. dinner is neitherB. so is not dinnerC. not dinner, tooD. nor is dinner第三部分：阅读理解Part Ⅲ Reading comprehensionSection ADirections: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage oneMany teachers believe that the responsibility for learning lies with the students. If a long reading assignment is given, teachers expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or give an examination. The ideal student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades. When research is assigned, the professor in the United States expects the students to take the initiative and complete the assignment with less guidance. Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students not be over-dependent on them.In the united States, professors have other duties besides teaching. Often they are responsible foradministrative work within their departments. In addition, they may be obliged to publish articles and books. Therefore the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either approach a professor during office hours or make appointment. Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the students in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student's oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e. listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions and informal lectures.In the teaching of science and mathematics, the dominant mode of instruction is generally traditional with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking note. However, new educational trends have psychology classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are "applied" rather than "theoretical" they stress "doing" and involvement.51、 When research is assigned the professor ______.A. will give the student some necessary guidanceB. will not give student any guidanceC. prefer that student not be dependent on him at allD. expect the student to complete it under his guidance52、 Which of the following is NOT the duty of an American professor? ______A. Solving the students' problem during office hoursB. Being responsible for some administrative work.C. Publishing articles and books.D. Spending a lot of time with the students outside of the class.53、In the teaching of science and mathematics, the dominant mode of instruction is ______.A. classroom discussionB. student presentationC. formal lecturesD. informal lectures54、 New educational trend have emerge in the humanities and social science that stress ______A. the role of readingB. good academic recordC. the professor's illustrationD. the student's participation Passage TwoThe last few years have seen new wealth in the group of white-collar workers in China. Primarily this group consists of lawyers, artists, company presidents and employees of joint-venture companies. This group did not exist ten years ago. Business ventures such as real estate development, computer companies and travel agencies have nurtured this new class of ambitious Chinese who have tasted "the good life" and want even more of it.What are the marks of this group of people? First of all, it is defined by what its members have: cell phones, washing machines, microwave ovens, computers, homes and vacations. But this group is not only marked by material things. A psychological independence and carefree optimism is also present. Middel-aged successful company presidents, young professionals even college students are optimistic, expecting the best in their future.Chinese entrepreneurs(企业家)began accumulating money in the late 1980's. But it was not until the middle 90's that the material possession of the newly-rich——cell phones, computers, cars, houses were easily available. These high-tech entrepreneurs quit state enterprise to start private companies nearly a decade ago, when China started to transform from a planned to a market economy. These early entrepreneurs are now wealthy by any country's standards. However, like any newly-rich Chinese, they seem a little uncomfortable when asked about wealth.One reason for their discomfort is that they realize that the prosperity wealth that has created the group of newly-rich has not benefited all Chinese equally. Some entrepreneurs have move up in social status, but many workers have been laid off, losing their jobs temporarily for economic reason, from state-run factories.For most Chinese, the move into this style of Rife is still a step-by-step progress. It may be slow but many business people are hopeful. As a real estate entrepreneur from Beijing said: "This is not just about money. It's abouta better quality of life."55、The word "nurture" (Line 4, Prara1) probably means ______.A. naturalizeB. nourishC. care for and educateD. help the development of56、 According to the passage, which of the following are NOT marked of the newly-rich Chinese? ______A. Great ambition and the whish for a new lifestyle.B. Houses and vacations.C. Mobile phones and computers.D. Mental independence and optimism.57、Why do many newly-rich Chinese feel embarrassed when saked about wealth? ______A. Because they have higher social status.B. Because they have quit state-run factories.C. Because they have fired many employees.D. Because they know many others are not so wealthy.58、According to the real estate entrepreneur, many business people are looking forward to this Style of Life for the sake of ______.A. more wealthB. higher social statusC. better quality of lifeD. greater famePassage ThreeIn recent years a new and serious problem has arisen for international airlines and their passengers.This is the relatively new crime of hijacking. Once an unheard-of event, it has now become a common occurrence.There is not very much anyone can do once a hijacker is on board an aeroplane. He may be carrying a gun or hand grenades, which, if used, would cause a disaster. The only thing to do is try to ensure that these people never get on the plane in the first instance. So airlines all over the world have security procedures. Before any passenger can get on an airplane at the airport, he must go through a series of security checks to make sure he isn't carrying anything that ispotentially dangerous or could be used as a weapon on board. The security measures vary from airport to airport. At some airports there is very little security. At other airports thesecurity checks are very strict and it can take up to haft-an-hour to get through them all.Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong, China, has a good security system. No aircraft starting its journey from Hong Kong has ever been hijacked. At Kai Tak, when a passenger first checks in, his or her name is matched with the computer list of passengers booked on that particular flight. If the name is not recognised, the passenger will be taken aside and questioned by security guards and may not be allowed on the plane. Next, every suitcase is X-ray checked before it goes into the plane. Any suitcase that seems to have something dangerous in it is not put on the plane. Then the hand baggage which the passengers will carry on to the plane is checked. Each passenger has to open his or her bag and the security clerk examines the contents. If there is anything that could be used as a weapon, a penknife for example, the security staff take it away and keep it in a safe place on the plane until the flight is over. The passenger can then collect it.Finally there is a body check of all passengers. They must pass through a door where X-rays will show if they are carrying anything made of metal, like a gun. If anything suspicious is found, they will be asked to explain. It is only after all these checks that a passenger is allowed to board the plane.59、 According to the first paragraph which of the following will the author disagree? ______A. Hijacking is a relatively new crime.B. Hijacking is practically unheard-of.C. The number of Hijacking is increasing.D. Hijacking is a serious problem facing international airlines.60、 The only thing we can do to prevent the disaster caused by Hijacking is to ______.A. set up a series of security proceduresB. exert control over gunsC. fight bravely against the hijackingD. meet the hijacker's demand61、 If there is anything that could be used as a weapon, the passager______.A. can keep it in a safe place on the planeB. can take it back from the security staff when the flight is overC. may not be allowed on the planeD. will be taken aside and questioned by security guards.62、At Kai Tak a passager has to get through all the following checks before boarding the plane except ______.A. having his name matched with the computer listB. having every suitcase X-ray checkedC. having the hand baggage X-ray checkedD. passing through a door for a body checkSection BDirections: Match the Chinese sentences in the left column with the English in the right column. Mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.A. Soon after he transferred to the new school, John found that he had great difficulty keeping up with the rest of his class.B. Throughout the project, people have received training and decided to start over their own business.C. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research can be applied to the development of the new technology.D. I can't start my computer now, something must have with the operating system.63、如果研究结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就没有白费。
专升本核心词
山东省专升本英语核心词汇及短语A:abandon aboard absolute absorbabstract abundant accentaccess accident accommodation accompany accomplish according account accumulate accurate accuseaccustomedachieveacknowledgeacquireadaptaddressadequateadjectiveadjustadmireadmissionadoptadvanceadvantage:gain/have anadvantage over,take advantage ofadventureaffairaffectaffordagencyagendaagentaidalarmalikealiveallowallowancealteralternativeamazeambassadorambitionambitiousamendamountamuseanalysis analyze ancestor ancient anniversary announce annoy annual anticipate anxiety anxious apart apology apparent appeal appearance appendix appetite appetizing applause appleapplianceapplicantapplicationapplyappointappreciateapproachappropriateapprovalapprovearbitrationargueargumentarisearousearrangearrestarrivalartificialaspectassessassignassistassociateassumeassureastonishathleteattachattackattemptattendattendantattentionattitudeattractaudienceauthorityauthorizeautomatic available avenueavoidawaitawakeawardaware: be aware of awfulawkwardBbachelor background badlybaggage balancebanquetbare bargainbarrierbathebatterybeachbearbeautybehalf: on behalfofbehavebehaviorbeliefbelongbenchbenefitberthbesidesbeyondbidbitebitterblameblankblendblindblockblouseboardboilboldbondbonusborderborebotherbound: be boundto/ be bound forboundarybranchbrandbreath: catch one’s breath/ out of breathbridgebriefbrilliantbroadbroadcast brochurebrokerbroombudgetbulletinburdenbureauburst: burst into tearsCcalculate calendarcalmcampaigncampuscancelcandidatecapable: becapable ofcapacitycaptaincapturecargocasecashiercassettecasualcatalogueceasecelebratecentigradeceremonycertificatechampagnechampioncharacteristicchargechasecheatchequechiefcircumstancecivilizationclarifyclassifyclauseclientclockwise: 顺时针方向转动的［地］，正转的［地］coarse collar colleague column combination combine comfortable command comment commercial commission comment commodity communicate commute compact companion comparable compatible compensate competecompetentcomplaintcomplexcompoundcomprisecompromiseconcentrateconceptconcernconcerningconcludeconclusionconductconferenceconfessconfidentialconfineconfirmconflictconformconfrontconfusecongressconsciousconsequentlyconservativeconserveconsiderableconsiderateconsiderationconsistconstantconstraintconstructionconsulconsultconsumeconsumerconsumptioncontactcontentcontext continual continuous contradict contrary: on the contrary contrast: in contrast to contribute convenient conversion convey convince coordinate copyright corporation correspond correspondence correspondent correspondingcorridorcostlycouncilcountercouragecourteouscrazycreditcrewcrimecriminalcrisiscriticalcrucialcrudecruelcrystalcurrencycurrentcursecursorcustomDdailydamagedampdashdatadawndeadlinedebatedebtdecadedeceivedecisiondeclaredecoratedecrease define definite delay delegate delete deliberately delicate delicious delight delivery democracy demonstrate dense density deny depart dependent deposit depress depthderivedescribedeservedesirabledespairdespitedestinationdestructiondetectdevicediagnosedialectdifferdifferencedigitaldiplomatdisadvantagedisasterdisciplinedisclosediscountdisgustdislikedismissdisplaydisposedisputedistinctdistinctiondistinguishdistortdistributedivorcedocumentdomesticdominatedosedraftdramaticdriftdrill drown duedull duplicate dynamicEearnest easeecho economic economical edgeediteffect effective efficient elaborateelementaryelevatoreliminateembarrassembassyemergeemergencyemphasisemphasizeemployencloseendlessendureengageenhanceenlargeenormousensureenterpriseenthusiasmequivalentescapeessentialestablishestateestimateevaluateeventeventuallyevidenceevidentevolutionexceedexceptionexcessexcludeexecutiveexertexhaustexhibitexist expand expectation expenditure explode exploit explore expose exposure extensive external extraordinaryFfacility factor faculty fadefaintfaithfulfalsefamefamiliarfancyfarefarewellfatalfatiguefaultfavorfavoritefeasiblefeatherfeedbackfestivalfibrefiercefilterfinancialfindingfirmflavorflexibleflightfluentfocusfoldfolkfondforbidformulafortnightfoundationfountainframeworkfrankfrequencyfrustrate fuelfulfill function fundamental furnitureGgap garage generate generous genuine gesture giant glance glorious goal goodsgracefulgrant: take …forgrantedgraspgratefulgratitudegravegreedygrocergrossground: on thegrounds ofguaranteeguidanceguiltygymnasiumHhalthandleharborhardlyhardshiphardware/ softwareharmharmfulharvesthastehatredheadingheadquartersheighthencehesitatehighlighthinthobby honorable horizon hospitable hostile humble humorousIideal identical identification identifyidleignore illegal illustrate imagine: imaginative/imaginary/imaginableimitationimmigrantimplicationimplyimposeimpressionincidentinclineincludedindexindicateindividualinduceinevitableinfect: infectiousinferinferenceinferiorinfluenceinfiniteinforminitialinitiativeinjectioninjuryinnocentenquiryinsectinsertinsightinspectioninspireinstallfor instanceinstinctinstitutioninstructioninsult insurance integrate intelligent interact interfere interior intermediate internal interval invade investigate investment invisible involve irrevocable isolate itinerary JjamjealousjointjudgejuniorjusticejustifyKkeen: be keen onkeyboardkindnessknockknowledgeableLlabellacklaglanelaterlatterlaughterlaunchlaundrylayoutleadleagueleanleapleisurelengthlestliableliberatelibertylicense lightninglikelylikewise limitedlink: be linked to livelylivingloadloanlocatelogicallooseloss: be at a loss loyalluggageM magicmagnificentmaintainmaintenancemajormajoritymanagemanualmanufacturemarginmarvelousmaskmastermaturemaximizemaximummeansmeanwhilemeasuremechanismmediummemo/memorandummemorymentalmentionmenumerchantmercy: at themercy ofmerelymeritmildmilitaryminimumminor: minorityminusminutemiraclemiserablemisleadmissing mission mixture mobile moderate modify moisture mood moral moreover mortgage motion motivate multiple municipal muscular mutual mysterious NnakednamelynationalitynavigationnecessarilynecessitynegativenegotiatenervousneutralnoblenonsensenormalnowadaysnumerousOobjectobjectionobjectiveobligationobligeoccasionoccupationoccupyoccuroffenceomitoperateopponentopposeoppositeoptimaloralorientorientation original outcome outlook outline outstanding overcome owe ownershipPpackage packet palepalm pamphlet panel parallel parameter 参数parliamentparticipantparticipatepassionpassivepatternpaymentperceivepermanentpermissionpersistpersonnelpersuadephasephilosophyplainplasticplatformplotpolishpollpollutionporcelainportableportionposepossibilitypostponepotentialpracticeprecautionpreciousprecisepredictpreferenceprejudicepreliminaryprescribepreservepretend prevail previous primary primitive prime principal principle prior priority private procedure professional proficient profit progressive promote prompt proof proportion proposalproposeprospectprosperityprosperousprotestprovidedprovisionpublicationpunctualpurposepursuepuzzleQqualifiedqualityquantityquarantine 检疫,隔离quitRrandomrangerankrarelyratiorawreactrealisticreceiptreceptionreceptionistrecognitionrecommendreferreferencerefinereflectreflectionreformrefresh refundable 可偿还的regard: with/ in regard to regardless registerregularregulate regulation reinforcerelativereleasereliablerelieve reluctantremarkableremedyremotereplacerepresentreputationrescueresemblereserveresidentresolutionrespect: withrespect to/ inrespect ofrespectiverespectivelyrespondresponsibilityresponsiblerestrainrestrictresumeretainretreatrevealreversereviserewardridridiculousriperivalroastrobrolerootroughrouteroutineroyalruderuinruralrushSsafetysakesale: on sale samplesavingscale: on a small/ large scale scarcelyscarescatterscenery schedule schemescholarshipsealsecondarysectionsecurityseekselectiveselfishsemesterseminarseniorsensiblesensitiveseparatesequenceseries: a series ofsettlementsevereshakeshallowshareholdershavesheltershiftshockshortageshouldershowersightsightseeingsignalsignaturesignificancesimilarsimultaneousSincerelysingularsinksketchskilled sleevesliceslightslope smuggle snacksocial/ sociable solesolution sophisticated sorrow souvenir spadespanspare specialist specialize specimen spectator spellspheresplendidsplitsponsorspreadstablestaffstainstandardstarestarvestatisticsstatue/ statussteadysteepstereotypestiffstimulatestipulatestrategystrengthenstretchstuffsubmissionsubmitsubstancesubstantialsubstitutesufficientsummarizesummarysuperficialsuperiorsupplementsupposesurgerysurroundingssuspectsurveysurvive suspicious suspicion swallow sweep swing switch sword sympathy symphony symptom synthetic systematicTtablet tackle talented target temporarytempttendencytendertenseterminalterritorythirstythoroughthoughtfulthreadthreatthreatenthumbthundertiptissuetoasttoleratetorchtoughtracetracktrademarktransactiontransfertransformtransparenttremendoustuitiontwistUultimateundertakeundoubtedlyunexpecteduniformuniqueunprecedented urgeurgentutilityutilizeVvacationvainvalidvalidityvanishvarietyvaryvehicleventureverify检验, 校验, 查证, 核实versionversusverticalveteranvetovicevirtualvirtuevirusvisiblevisionvitalvividvoltage电压, 伏特数volumevoyageWwagewanderwealthweepwelfarewhisperwidespreadwillingwipewitwithdrawwithstand抵挡,经受住witnesswonderworthwhileworthywrapwristYyieldZzone短语：be able to do sth be about to do sth above allhave access toby accidenton account of take into account accuse… of adapt … toadd …to add up toin additionin addition toadjust togain/have anadvantage overtake advantage ofbe afraid ofagain and againonce againahead ofaim atin the open airon the airabove allafter allall in allall butall overall rightat allin allalong withnot only…butalsoamount tobe angry withone after anotherone anotherbe anxious aboutanything butapart fromas….asas for/toas ifas if/ thoughas soon asas possibleas/so long asas wellas well asaside fromask for associate with pay attention to on the/an average be aware ofright awayback and forth back upbe sad forgo sadkeep one’s balance bear… in mind bear on/upon because of before long begin withon behalf of believe in at bestdo/ try one’s bestget the better ofhad betterin betweengive birth toa bitbe to blameblow upon boardboth… and…be bound to dosth/ be bound forsome placebreak awaybreak downbreak inbreak intobreak offbreak outbreak throughbreak upcatch one’s breathout of breathin briefbring aboutbring forthbring forwardbring inbring outbring upbuild upburn downburn outburn upburst into tearson businessbe busy withbut fornothing butby and by call atcall back call forcall incall offcall oncall upbe capable of care about care for take care take care of carry off carry on carry outin any case in casein case ofin no case catch a coldcatch firecatch hold ofcatch one’s eyescatch sight ofcatch upcatch up withby chancetake a chancechange intofree of chargein charge oftake chargecheck incheck outcheer upclean upclear upget close tocome aboutcome acrosscome alongcome bycome downcome fromcome oncome outcome overcome roundcome throughcome tocome to an endcome to the pointcome truecome upcome up tocome up withbe committed toin commoncompare… to…compare with compensate foras/so far as …be concernedbe concerned aboutbe concerned with on condition that confine to connect to connect within consequence consider ason the contraryin contrast toout of control under control convert into convert toat all costs at the cost ofcount on/ upona couple ofin the course ofof coursecover upcut acrosscut downcut incut offcut outcut shortin dangerin the darkdate back todate fromout of dateup to dateday after dayday and nightday by daya good/ great dealin debtin demandin depthin detaildie downdie ofdie outbe different fromdig outdo away withdo one’s bestdo welldo withouthave nothing to dowithhave something todo withbe divided intodozens ofdraw indraw updraw ondraw outdream ofdress updrop by/indrop outdrop offdue tooff dutyon dutyeach otheron earthtake it easyeat upbring into effect come/ go into effect in effecttake effector elseend upin the endat the end ofengage inenjoy oneselfenter intobe equivalent toeven if/ thougheven soat all eventsin any eventin the event of/thatfor everevery now andthenevery otherto be exactfor exampleexcept forwith the exceptionofwithout exceptionin exchange forat one’s expenseat the expense ofbe exposed tocatch one’s eyekeep an eye onface to faceface up toin the face ofmake facesin factfall apartfall asleepfall backfall back onfall behindfall illfall in lovefall intofall offfall outfall overbe familiar with be familiar tobe famous foras far asby farfar awayfar fromso fardo someone a favorin favor offor fear that/ of feed onfeel likequite a fewfigure outfill infill outfill upfind outon fireat firstfirst of allfor the first timebe fit forfit infix upas followson footat the foot ofand so forthset freefor freebe friend within front ofmake fun ofin futurein the futurein generalget acrossget alongget awayget downget inget intoget offget onget on withget outget overget throughget togetherget upgive away give ingive offgive out give upgive way to go aboutgo aftergo against go aheadgo along with go awaygo back to go bygo downgo forgo in forgo intogo off go ongo on withgo outgo overgo throughgo upgo withgo withoutgo wrongdo goodfor goodbe good atbe good fortake … for grantedon the grounds ofon guardon one’s guardget into the habitofin halfat handby handhand downhand inhand outhand overon handon the one hand,on the other handhang onhang uphave in mindhave onhead forhead onkeep one’s headlose one’s headhear abouthear oflearn by heartheart and soul lose heartcan not helphelp oneself to here and thereget hold ofhold backhold onhold on tohold one’s breath hold outhold upon holidayat hometo be honestin honor ofin the hope of/ that how about hundreds ofin a hurry hurry upinside outinsist onfor instancebe interested inisolate fromjoin injust nowbe keen onkeep backkeep in mindkeep offkeep onkeep on doing sthkeep out ofkeep outkeep tokeep upkeep up withknock atknock intoknock outbe known toat largeat lastbe late forat the latestlater onlaugh atlay downlay outlearn by heartat leastleave aloneleave behindleave outlet alonelet downlet golet inlet outlie downlie inline upin linebe linked toa littlelittle by little live onlive through live up tolive withlock upfor longlong before long forno longerin the long run look after look around look atlook backlook downon/uponlook forlook forward tolook intolook onlook outlook overlook roundlook throughlook uptake a look atlose sight oflose weightat a lossa lot oflots ofbe made up ofbe made frombe made ofmake formake outmake upmake up formake up one’sminda great manymany aa matter ofas a matter of factby all meansby means ofby no meansin the meantimemeet withat the mercy ofin the middle ofchange on e’smindsmake up one’s mindsin a minuteby mistakemix upat the momentfor a momentfor the moment the momentmore and more more or lessno moreno more than move awaymove onmove outmove upby naturein the name of in naturein need ofneither … nor..next tonow and thenby nowfrom now onnow thata large number ofat oncefor onceonce againonce moreopen upin orderin order toout of orderother thanthe other dayout ofout of touchout of workover and overowe toof one’s ownplay a part intake part inone the part ofplay a part inparticipate inin particularpass awaypass onpass byin the pastpay a visit topay backpay forpay offpay outin personpick outpick uppile upin place ofin placein the first place out of placetake placeplay withwith pleasure plenty ofpoint outto the pointon the point of pop upbe popular with sb if possibleout of practice put into practice in practiceprefer toprepare forat presentprevent fromprior toin privatein the process ofin progressmake progressin proportion tobe proud ofin publicpull downpull inpull outpull upon purposeput asideput awayput downput forwardput in forput input offput onput output to useput upput up within questionout of the questionwithout questionon the radioat any ratehad/would … .rather thanreact toget ready forby reason ofrefer torefer to… aswith/ in regard to regardless ofin relation towith respect to/ in respect ofas a resultas a result ofin returnbe rich inget rid ofall rightright nowring upgive rise toplay the role ofas a rulebreak the rulerule out run downrun intorun offrun out ofrun overrun throughon saleall the samethe same ason a small/ largescaleon schedulescores ofin search ofsearch forin seasonout of seasontake one’s seatsee assee offsee throughsee tosell outsend forsend outsend income to one’ssensesin a sensemake sensemake sense ofseparate froma series ofset aboutset asideset backset downset fire toset forthset freeset offset outset upsettle downbe short ofcut shortfor shortin shortrun short of shout aton showshow … around show off show… out show upshut down catch sight of in sightout of sightat fist sight in silencebe similar toever sincesit downslow downand so on/ forthor soso as toso thatas soon asno sooner … thansooner or latersort outspeak ofspeed upspend onon the spotstand forstand outstand upstand up tostare atfor a startstart outstay upstep by stepstep instep upstick tostop fromstruggle againstsucceed insuch assuch thatall of a suddensuffer fromsum upin sumbe sure ofmake surein surprise take by surprise to one’s surprise switch off switch ontake aftertake alongtake aparttake astake awaytake downtake fortake intake offtake outtake ontake overtake sidestake uptalk of tell fromin terms ofthanks tothat isby thenin theorythink aboutthink ofthink of…asthink overas thougheven thoughon secondthoughtsthrow awaytie upall the timeat a timeat any timeat no timeat one timeat the same timeat timesfor the time beingfrom time to timehave a good timein no timein timeon timeonce upon a timetake one’s timetoo… toget in touch within touchkeep in touch withkeep track oftrack downtranslate intoin troubletry ontry one’s best try outtune inin turntake turn turn down turn inturn into turn offturn onturn outturn over turn toturn upup tomake use of put to use use upas usualin vain a wide variety ofin view ofpoint of viewwith a view toby virtue ofwait onwait forwake upwarm upwash outwatch forwatch out forwatch overby the wayby way ofin a wayin no wayin the wayin the same waymake waymake one’s wayunder waywear offwear outas wellas well asjust as wellwhat aboutwhat ifwhether .. orafter a whilefor a whilein a short whileonce in a whilewhile awayas a wholeone the wholebe willing towind upwipe outgo withoutno wonder that in a wordin other words keep on e’s words word for word work onwork outworry aboutat worstwrite downgo wrong。
2011年专升本英语答案
2011年专升本英语真题参考答案
第一部分选择题
一．词汇与语法：1—5 A C A D A 6—10 D D C C C
二．阅读理解：11—15 C D D D C 16—20 C C C A C
21—25 B A D C B
三．英译汉：26—29 D C C D
四．完形填空：30—34 A D C A C 35—39 C A B A D
第二部分非选择题
一.词形转换
40.shortage 41. qualified 43 frequency 45 commercial
47 disobeying 49 doubtful
二．术语匹配： 50—54 D F M O J 55—59 L H E N B
三．简答题：
60、main points
61、the purpose
62、second paragraph.
63、first-hand accounts.
64、contract information
四．段落翻译：
65. 大多数的会议都有议程，以一个正式会议为例，议程文件可能会提前的被发送到每个会议参与者的手中。
而如果以一个非正式的会议为例，议程可能只是一张需要讨论处理事宜的清单。
议程的意义在于加速会议的进行并使每个人都能围绕会议重点进行相应的讨论和处理事宜。
五、应用文写作：（略）。
2011专转本英语单词详解2
词汇练习3详解1resist: vt. 抵制；反抗；克制•Our trade union has resisted theintroduction ofautomation.This special coating isdesignedto resist rust.2offended: adj. 被冒犯的；被触怒的；生气的•Clarissa looked offended.3incline: vt. 使倾向于；使有意于;•incline sb to do sth: 使某人倾向于做某事•A bad day at work mayincline you to be evenmore stubborn .sb be inclined to do sth:某人倾向于做某事seal: vt. 封；封闭；密封•The solicitor took a sealedenvelope from the folderon his desk.yield: v. 屈服；屈从•yield to:•The finance manageryielded to his critics andhalved the March budget.stiff: adj. 僵硬的；不易弯曲的；（肌肉或关节）活动时不灵活的•I went stiff with terror.•I’m too stiff to move afterthat yoga last night.solve: vt. 解决；genuine: adj. 真正的；纯正的；非伪造的；•The experts decided thatthe painting was a genuineTang Bohu.•genuine Mexican food9slide: n. 幻灯片；滑梯；发夹；govern: v. 统治；治理•to govern a nation; •People are sure that they can govern better than the politicians.govern: v. 控制；支配•There are strict rulesgoverning the killing andcooking of cats and dogs.funds: n. 经费；专款；资金•congress cut back thefunds for the program.•they have spent theirscarce fundson expensivehousing.fund: n. （用于慈善事业或其他事业的）基金；专款•a fund was set up tomaintain thebuilding.•the disaster fundfund: v. 为...提供基金；资助•the program was beingfunded both bygovernments and privateindustry.function•n. 功能•fundamental基本的；根本的•funeral•葬礼operate : v . 经营；管理•There are a lot ofmultinational companies operating inChina now .•He operatesan Afghannews service .paint•画；绘画；油漆；•tie捆；绑；系；缚•fetch•（去）拿来be fond of : 喜欢的；喜欢做的；喜爱adventure•历险；冒险•grammatical语法的guilty : adj . 犯罪的；有罪的•He was found guilty ofpassing on secret papersto a foreign power .guilty : adj . 内疚的；•They feel guilty aboutseeing her so little .spoil•损坏；宠坏；（食物）变坏•curious好奇的delicate : adj . 微妙的；棘手的；•a very delicate social and political balance•the delicate sphere of racerelationsdelicious•可口的；美味的•perfect完美的persuade: v. 说服；劝说•persuade sb；•persuade sb to do sth;persuade sb into sth;Marsha was still trying topersuade Posy to changeher mind.•They hadno difficulty inpersuading him to launch anew paper.He is the sort of man thatcould bepersuaded intoanything.recognize•认出；识别；承认•extend延伸；延长；扩大；•unexpected•出乎意料的estimate: v. 估量；估计•sb estimate sth;•sbestimate sth/sb to dosth;sb estimate that...•it is estimated that...Thehurricane causeddamage estimated at 300million pounds.overlook: vt. 俯瞰；俯视•...a room which overlookedthegarden...•...windows overlooking theplayground...overlook: vt. 忽视；忽略；看漏•They overlook theenormous risks involved...•I decided to overlook hisunkindness .ignore: vt. 不顾；不理；对...置若罔闻•Ralph ignored Jack’squestion.•The President cannotrudely ignore any head ostate who chooses tocome here.The Government ignoredhis advice...sincere: adj. (指人）诚恳的；真诚的；•He was decent, sincere, agood man.loan : n. 贷款•The government had tomake a further loan of$3.3m to save the industry.loan : v. 借...给•loan sth•loan sb sthloan sth to sb•He never loaned his car toanybody.medium: n. （表现）方式；（交流）手段•I went to secondary schoolin a country where Englishis not the medium ofinstruction.media: n. 宣传工具；传播媒介（如电视、报纸和广播）•The news media are onlyinterested in bad news.•mass mediashed: v. 流（泪）；（因暴力或战争）流血•...a child shedding tearsover a broken toy...•They called for an end tothe shedding of blood .disappoint: v. 使失望•You disappoint me;i hadexpected you to behavemore responsibly.•The answer must havedisappointed him.desert:•抛弃；离弃•clarify:澄清；阐明•oppose:•反对outline: n. 提纲challenge: n. 挑战stable : adj. 稳定的•Oil prices are stable for the first time in years.•...a stable marriage...... the most politicallystable country in theregion...performance: n. 表演；演出•after the performance Iwent round to see her inherdressing room... performance: n. 工作情况；成绩；业绩•Many people are extremelydisappointed with theperformance of thisgovernment.•How is a company tomeasure its performance?performance: n. （特定场合的）表现twin: n. 双胞胎fulfill: v. 兑现；完成；履行；满足•They failed to fulfill theirpromises to revive theeconomy.•I had fulfilled many of myyouthful ambitions.interrupt: v. 打断；插嘴•sb interrupt•sb interrupt sbSorry to interrupt but ihave an urgent messagefor you...•I knew better than tointerrupt him when he wason the phone.expose : v . 使暴露；使显露；使暴露于（险境）；使遭受（危险等）•expose sth ;•His shirt was open ,exposing the blue and red lines of the tattoo on hischest .expose sbto sth ;•sb be exposed to sth ;•They had been exposed toradiation ...express :•表达•explode :爆炸•exploit :•开采；利用reflect: v . 反映；表现；显示•The choiceof school reflectsDad’s hopes for us .•Their stock prices fell to thelevels that did not reflect the true value of their assets .affect :•影响•react :反应•recognize •承认；认出withdraw : v . （军队）撤离；撤走•Resolutions were passedcalling for Israeli army to withdraw from Palestinian territory .withdraw : v . （从银行账户或储蓄账户）提取（款项）•You must present your cheque card when you withdraw any money .feedback :•反馈•departure :离开dramatic : adj . 引人注目的；突然而惊人的；急剧的；显著的；紧张刺激的；扣人心弦的；•I expect to see dramatic improvements .•Landing on the moon wasone of the most dramatic adventures of this century .ceremony: n. 典礼；仪式•wedding ceremony;•coronation ceremony;graduation ceremony;chase: v. 追赶excess: n. 超过；过量•Inflation results from an excess ofdemand oversupply .•This report shoulddiscourage us all fromeating an excess of fat.in excess of...weaken•削弱•omit省略•overcome•克服overtake•赶上；超过insurance•保险•expense花费；支出evidence•证据•favor•喜爱；偏爱•favorite最喜欢的物•fever•发烧flavor味道。
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1. able/ability/enable/unable/disable/disabled/disabilityable的同根词用法一致,后接不定式。
比较：be able to do sth. / be capable of (doing) sth.2. 动词词缀：en-+ adj./n.或adj./n.+/-enenable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/sharpen/strengthen/heighten/lengthen 3. abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，放纵abandon oneself to 纵情于，沉溺于(=be addicted to)4. aboard adv. 在船（车）上，上船abroad adv. 在国外，到国外board n. 木板on board 在船上broad adj. 宽的，宽阔的5. absent adj. 不在的, 缺席的（反：present）6. absolute adj. 完全的, 绝对的7. absorb vt. 吸收, 吸引be absorbed in 全神贯注于8. abundant adj. 丰富的，大量的（=plentiful）9. access n. 通路, 接近，入门have access to 接近，有权使用e.g. Citizens may have free access to the public library.10. accident n. 意外事件, 事故by accident 偶然（=by chance）（on purpose 故意）11. accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同12. accomplish vt. 完成, 达到, 实现~ the taskaccomplishment n. 成就13. account n. 计算, 帐目, 说明，解释on account of 由于take... into account 考虑到(= take…into consideration)account for 解释，说明14. accuse vt. 指责，控告accuse sb. of sh. 因某事控告某人(同：charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人）e.g. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.His mother charged him with being lazy.15. achieve vt. 完成, 达到achievement n. 成就, 功绩16. action n. 动作, 行动, 举动take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事（同：take measures to do sth.）17. actor n. 男演员→actress n. 女演员类似：waitress（女侍者，女服务生）, hostess（女主人）, princess（公主，王妃）18. adapt vt. 使适应, 改编adapt oneself to sth. 适应(= adjust oneself to sth.)e.g. He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.比较：adopt vt. 采用, 收养19. advance n. 前进, 提升v. 前进, 提前in advance 预先，提前20. advantage n. 优势, 有利条件（反：disadvantage n. 不利条件, 缺点）have an advantage over 胜过，占优势take advantage of 利用21. advertise v. 为…做广告advertisement/ad n. 广告22. advise vt. 劝告, 忠告advise sb. to do sth. 劝说（强调动作）persuade sb. to do sth. 说服（强调结果）注意：advise的宾语从句或It is advised that结构的主语从句，需使用should型虚拟语气。
advice n. 忠告, 建议23. afford vt. 买得起, 负担得起~ sth. (a new car, vacation, etc.)~ to do sth.24. agree vi. 同意, 赞成agree with sb.agree on sth. （经过讨论后）就…达成一致agree to sth. （plan, proposal, etc.）agreement n. 同意, 一致in ~ with 与…一致disagree vi. 不一致，有分歧25. aim at 以…为目标，旨在26. allow vt. 允许~ sb. to do sth. (=permit sb. to do sth.)27. alternative n. 可供选择的办法, 抉择have no ~ but to do 别无选择，只得…（= have no choice but to do）比较：have nothing to do but do28. amaze/astonish/surprise/shock vt. 使吃惊~ed ~ing29. ambition n. 野心, 雄心ambitious adj. 有雄心的, 野心勃勃的30. amuse vt. 娱乐，消遣~ment n.~ sb. with sth. 用某物逗/取悦某人~ oneself by doing sth. 做某事来消遣31. analyze vt. 分析, 分解analysis analyst32. ancient adj. 远古的，古代的~ times33. anniversary n. 周年纪念twentieth ~annual adj. 每年的，年度的34. anxious adj. 焦虑的，担心的be ~ about/for sth. 对…感到忧虑be ~ to do sth. 渴望做某事(=be eager to do =long to do)anxiety n.35. apology n. 道歉make an ~ to sb. for sth.apologize v. 道歉~ to sb. for sth.36. appeal v. 呼吁，恳求~ to sb. to do sth.37. apply vt. 申请, 应用~ (to sb.) for sth. 申请~ sth. to (someplace) 应用application applicant38. appoint vt. 约定, 任命appointment n. 约会，约定(因工作需要)比较：date （男女约会）39. appreciate vt. 赏识, 鉴赏, 感激40. approach vt. 接近n. 接近，方法, 步骤41. appropriate adj. 适当的，恰当的42. approve vt. 赞成，批准~ of 赞同，赞成~ment dis~43. arise vi. 出现, 发生rise vi. 升起, 上升arouse vt. 唤醒, 唤起~ one’s curiosity, consciousnessraise vt. 抬起，举起44. arrest vt./ n. 逮捕, 拘留under ~ 被拘捕45. artificial adj. 人造的, 假的（反：natural, genuine）46. assign vt. 分配, 指派~ sb. to do sth. 分派某人做某事~ sth. to sb. 分派某事给某人47. associate vt. 使发生联系, 使联合~ ... with... e.g. She always associated happiness with having money.48. assure vt. 向…保证~ sb. that... e.g. He assured us that the train would be on time.使确信~ sb. of sth. e.g. He assured her of his love.ensure vt. 确保, 确保~ sb. sth. 确保某人获得某物e.g. These pills will ~ you a good night’s sleep.insure vt. 给...保险~ sb. insurance n.确保~ sth. e.g. His talent and dedication will ~ his success.49. attach vt. 系，贴, 附加~... to... 把…贴上，放到…上~ importance/significance to 强调，看重(介词不用on)50. attack vt./n. 进攻, 攻击under ~51. attempt vt./n. 尝试, 企图~ to do 企图，努力in an ~ to do 试图，力图52. attention n. 注意, 关心pay ~ to sth.53. attract vt. 吸引attractive adj. attraction n. distract (反，v.)54. authority n. 权威, 威信, 权威人士(pl.) the authorities 当局，官方author n. 作者，作家authoritative adj. 权威的, 有权威的authorize v. 批准，授权~ sb. to do sth.55. automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的, 机械的automobile n. 汽车(=motor car)56. available adj. 能得到的, 可利用的57. average n. 平均on ~ 平均58. avoid vt. 避免, 消除avoidable adj. 可避免的unavoidable/inevitable adj. 不可避免的, 必然的59. await vt. 等候(=wait for)60. award n. 奖品vt. 授予be awarded sth.reward vt./n. 报答, 奖赏~ sb. for sth. 因…而报答某人~ sb. with sth. 用…酬劳某人in ~ for 作为对…回报61. aware/conscious adj. 知道的, 明白的, 意识到的be ~ of 意识到62. awkward adj. 笨拙的，尴尬的63. bachelor n. 单身汉, 文理学士 a ~’s degree 学士学位(master, doctor)64. backward adv./adj.向后地(的)~ward 向…的forward, upward, downward65. balance n. 天平, 平衡keep one’s ~ lose ~66. bare adj. 赤裸的, 无遮蔽的(身体局部) ~ feet, arm, headnaked adj. 裸体的, 无遮盖的(全身)67. base n. 基础, 根据地, 基地（具体的事物）vt. 以...作基础be based on 建立在…基础上basis n. 基础, 基本, 根据on the ~ of (theory, experiment) (抽象的事物)basic adj. 基本的68. bear n.熊v.负担, 忍受~ sth. in mind 记住69. beat v. 打, 打败70. behalf n. 利益，支持on behalf of 代表71. behave vi. 举动, 举止~ oneself 举止得体behavior n. 举止, 行为72. believe v.相信believe in 信任，信仰belief n. 信任, 信仰73. belong to 属于（无被动态）e.g. The house belongs to him.74. benefit n. 利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于to one’s ~ 对…有利~ from 从…受益75. bitter adj. 痛苦的，严酷的，难受的76. blame vt. 责备, 谴责(sb.) be to blame 该受责备~ sb. for sth. 将…归咎于某人77. bold adj. 大胆的，勇敢的，莽撞的78. bore v. 使烦扰boring（物）bored（人）79. bound adj. 有义务的，注定的be ~ to do 一定要，注定要adj. 开往...去的be ~ for spl.80. boundary n. 边界, 分界线(表明一区域外缘的明显的，具有限制作用的线)border n. 边界, 国界（两国之间的边界线，有分割政治实体的作用）81. brief adj. 简短的, 短暂的in ~ 简而言之（=in one word, to conclude, to be simple）82. business n. 商业, 交易, 事务on ~ 因公事，出差It’s none of your ~. 与你无关83. calm adj.平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的v. (使)平静, (使)镇定, 平息84. campaign n. 战役, (政治或商业性)活动, 竞选运动（强调有目的的大规模军事行动）battle 一场战役中的一次战斗struggle 侧重政治和精神斗争conflict 指武力或思想上的冲突champion n. 冠军champagne n. 香槟酒85. campus n. 校园on ~schoolyard n. 校园, 运动场in the ~86. cancel vt. 取消, 删去87. candidate n. 候选人88. capture vt. 俘获, 捕获89. career n. 事业, 生涯，指终生从事的事业。